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Different image processing algorithms have been evaluated in the context of geological mapping using Landsat TM data. False color composites, the principal component imagery, and IHS decorrelation stretching method for Landsat-5 TM data have been found useful for delineating the regional geological features, mainly to provide the maximum geological information of the studied area. The study testifies that using which image processing yields best results for geological mapping in arid and semiarid regions by preserving morphological and spectral information. Generally, the studied area can be divided into three main geological units: Basaltic intrusive rocks, Metamorphic with varying intensities and Sedimentary rocks. 相似文献
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云南绿春地区遥感地质特征与找矿远景综合分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对云南绿春地区地质背景复杂、地形崎岖、植被稠密、传统地面调查方法实施区域地质填图比较困难的问题,利用TM,ETM+和SPOT5多源遥感数据,采用三维可视化等技术提取了该区域地层、岩体和构造的岩性组合、线性构造和环形构造等特征,分析了地质背景,依据构造关系和遥感影像特征分析了区域应力状态;提取了与矿化有关的构造、岩性及羟基、铁染蚀变遥感异常信息,在剖析典型矿床的基础上,进行了找矿预测.取得的研究成果为区域地质填图和矿产勘查工作部署提供了基础地质信息及找矿线索. 相似文献
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遥感技术在深圳-大亚湾沿海高速公路工程地质调查及选线中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
应用计算机增强和特征信息提取技术,结合航空摄影图像的立体观察对比,对卫星TM数字图像地学信息进行解译研究,并通过野外调查验证,对深圳-大亚湾沿海高速公路沿线工程地质环境进行了迅速评价,经计算机不同处理方法处理获得的TM专题信息图像在进行地质构造解译和岩土体分类中均起到重要作用,而航片在地质体边界圈定和详细定位以及灾害地质现象分析方面效果较好。在不到两个月的时间里就完成了该项目从图像处理、解译到野外调查和成图及报告编写的全过程工作,节约勘察资金50%以上,满足了公路勘查前期工作的需要,也充分体现了遥感技术的优越性。遥感解译研究与常规地质调绘方法相结合,可取得事半功倍的效果,也是公路勘察手段现代化的标志和必经之路。 相似文献
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基岩裸露区蚀变岩遥感信息的提取方法 总被引：43，自引：7，他引：36
笔者利用与金属矿化相关的蚀变岩的TM多波段图像像元亮度值曲线的双峰特性(TM3和TM5为高值),以柳沟峡地区为样区,进行了提取蚀变岩遥感信息的方法研究,改进了Crosta信息提取方法,认为用TM1+TM2、TM4/TM3、TM5、TM7组合进行主分量分析所获得的蚀变岩遥感异常图效果最佳。将该方法用于北祁连山西段,疏勒河以东9000km2区域内蚀变岩遥感信息提取,其结果是：在103处已知矿产地中的86处有蚀变岩遥感异常信息显示,符合率达83.5%,进而预测了找矿靶区115处。 相似文献
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A. Muthamilselvan 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2017,45(2):377-383
Supervised classification and Crosta technique is widely used for lithological and alteration zone mapping respectively. Landsat ETM+ digital imagery has been used to generate Crosta and Supervised classification image using digital image processing (DIP) technique. In the study, The Crosta technique has been used for the first time in lithological mapping. These techniques were applied to distinguish the litho-contacts between Alwar and Ajabgarh quartzite in the south-western part of North Delhi Fold Belt (NDFB) on the basis of argillaceous and arenaceous nature of the rocks. Litho contacts between Alwar and Ajabgarh groups are varying from quartzite to biotite schist in the Khetri basin whereas in the study area the litho-contacts are Alwar quartzite to Ajabgarh quartzite which are very difficult to classify on naked eye. Therefore, this area has been selected for this study. Several authors have studied the geological setting of Khetri sub basin and classified on the basis of argillaceous, arenaceous nature and primary sedimentary structural features like ripple marks and cross bedding. This is the first attempt in the Khetri sub basin for lithological classification based on remote sensing and digital image processing technique. This study revealed that Crosta image has significant spatial correlation with the lithology discriminated using Supervised classification technique. Lithological variations were clearly demarcated using these technique around Rahunathgarh and Golyana areas. The litho units between these areas were marked under the Group of Ajabgarh quartzite by the GSI people during 1994. However, the present study classified those area under the Group of Alwar quartzite. Similar type of studies can also be carried out where these type of lithological problems arises. 相似文献
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为了适应面广量大且需求仍在不断增长的1:5万专题调查制图的需要,我们采用数字插值放大、优化波段组合的光机复合处理技术,探索了1:5万高质量TM影像图的制作技术。本文介绍了制作1:5万高质量TM影像图的基本工艺方案及技术关键:(1)对TM图像磁带数据进行实数倍(2.28倍)双向线性插值放大,(2)在C-4500扫描仪上用50μm光点扫描获得比例尺为1:25万的潜影图像,(3)把潜影图像经显影、定影处理,再光学放大5倍,获得1:5万TM影像图。从我们结合有关任务先后在河北省南皮县、黑龙江省穆稜县和山东省莱洲湾等地区进行的试验研究看,均取得了良好效果。 相似文献
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本文详细地介绍了笔者近期完成的一项试验研究, 目的在于将遥感、地质及物化探等综合地 质信息用于矿产预测, 建立相应的数学模型, 为找矿圈定靶区。在研究工作中, 引人数学地质的 “区域化变量”概念, 利用线性构造信息及与区内铅锌矿产密切相关的岩性单元进行统计分析； 提取出与矿化有关的地质因子, 并利用二项分布函数, 以6km × 6km的网距, 计算出至少含一个 铅锌矿化点的概率值。最终, 得到一张反映区内至少含有一个矿化点的概率等值线图。它为区内 成矿地质条件评价及找矿远景区的选择提供了定量数据, 并为了一步将要进行的综合信息矿产预 测提供了重要的基础资料。野外验证期间, 在根据概率分析所圈定的异常区内, 发现了新的铅锌 矿化现象, 其评价工作还在进行之中。 相似文献
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西藏墨脱公路断裂构造遥感分析及信息提取 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
在西藏墨脱公路断裂构造的遥感勘察中，以Landsat-7 ETM+卫星影像为信息源，以ENVI 4.0软件为图像处理平台，运用数据集成、图像融合、主成分分析及方向滤波等图像处理技术对断裂构造信息进行增强处理； 以基于地学知识的遥感构造分析技术对南迦巴瓦峰地区的断裂构造特征进行全面解译和识别，并在ArcGIS 8.2的支持下进行断裂构造专题制图及信息提取，查明了公路方案线区域内断裂构造的分布及发育特征，为墨脱公路工程线路方案选择、工程地质条件评价提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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H Ranjbar G S Roonwal K V Ravindran S Babar 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2000,28(2-3):205-212
Darrehzar porphyry copper deposit is situated in the Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic assemblage of central Iran. In this paper, the integration of multiple geodata sets has been carried out using geographic information system for mapping lithology or hydrothermally altered rocks and also in selecting the best discriminating data elements for exploration of porphyry copper deposits located in areas with similar geological setting and climatic conditions. Principal component analysis is found useful for reducing large data sets into a few principal components. The integration of various geophysical data with SPOT image data through GIS has shown that the hydrothermal alteration and lithology can be mapped with more efficiency. 相似文献
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高光谱遥感是当前地质遥感研究的前沿和热点,国内外的相关研究集中在数据处理、矿物填图、模型构建等方面,利用航空高光谱遥感技术进行区域成矿背景的研究较少。然而,要解决好高光谱遥感找矿问题,首先必须研究区域成矿背景,特别是找矿方向和有利的找矿区段,否则构建的找矿模型将不能充分发挥作用。本文以核工业北京地质研究院国家级遥感重点实验室装备的航空高光谱成像系统在甘肃柳园—方山口地区获取的可见光-近红外(CASI),短波红外(SASI)高光谱遥感数据为数据源,利用矿物填图方法所填的区域矿物分布图,探讨了柳园—方山口地区的区域成矿条件,厘定了找矿要素,构建了区域成矿构造格架,分析了区域已知矿产的空间分布规律,探索了该区的区域找矿方向和最佳找矿地段。在此基础上,利用建立的高光谱遥感找矿预测方法,新发现了7处找矿靶区,取得了显著的地质找矿效果。该成果不仅对指导柳园—方山口地区进一步找矿有重要作用,而且提出的一套高光谱遥感技术研究区域成矿背景的思路、途径和方法,对其他地区的高光谱遥感地质应用也具有重要的借鉴价值。 相似文献
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地质图像的空间/逻辑运算及其应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文介绍针对地质图像特殊性来用的空间运算和逻辑运算方法,把“非”、“与”、“或”、“异或”等 常用逻辑运算和数学形态学中的“膨胀”、“剥蚀”、“断开”、“闭合”等空间运算方法引入到地质图像处 理中,并进行若干技术改进,以用于对不同地质特征空间逻辑关系的分析。在地质图像处理基础上, 提取了可供显示、观察和找矿分析的地质变量,对湖南香花岭地区多金属矿进行预测。取得初步效果。 相似文献
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鲜水河活动断裂带TM图像中雪及其影响的抑制 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在利用TM图像研究鲜水河活动断裂带时首先遇到的问题是:大片的积雪在TM图像中经常出现,干扰了图像中有用的地学信息的解译。本文主要探讨利用数字图像处理技术抑制雪等干扰信息的几种有效方法,在鲜水河地区使用这些方法增强了活动断裂带信息,获得了一些新的地质认识。 相似文献
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本文介绍用于地质勘查的数字图像处理技术。所处理的数据涉及遥感、地质、地球物理、地球化学和地理等学科的多源地学信息。针对地学信息的特殊性,研究和开发了各种数字图像处理方法,以增强和提取用于地质勘查的重要信息,辅助地质构造分析,并在矿产预测中取得初步效果,显示出数字图像处理技术在地质勘查中的应用潜力。 相似文献
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George P. Petropoulos Charalambos Kontoes Iphigenia Keramitsoglou 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2011
Information on burnt area is of critical importance in many applications as for example in assessing the disturbance of natural ecosystems due to a fire or in proving important information to policy makers on the land cover changes for establishing restoration policies of fire-affected regions. Such information is commonly obtained through remote sensing image thematic classification and a wide range of classifiers have been suggested for this purpose. The objective of the present study has been to investigate the use of Support Vector Machines (SVMs) classifier combined with multispectral Landsat TM image for obtaining burnt area mapping. As a case study a typical Mediterranean landscape in Greece was used, in which occurred one of the most devastating fires during the summer of 2007. Accuracy assessment was based on the classification overall statistical accuracy results and also on comparisons of the derived burnt area estimates versus validated estimates from the Risk-EOS Burnt Scar Mapping service. Results from the implementation of the SVM using diverse kernel functions showed an average overall classification accuracy of 95.87% and a mean kappa coefficient of 0.948, with the burnt area class always clearly separable from all the other classes used in the classification scheme. Total burnt area estimate computed from the SVM was also in close agreement with that from Risk-EOS (mean difference of less than 1%). Analysis also indicated that, at least for the studied here fire, the inclusion of the two middle infrared spectral bands TM5 and TM7 of TM sensor as well as the selection of the kernel function in SVM implementation have a negligible effect in both the overall classification performance and in the delineation of total burnt area. Overall, results exemplified the appropriateness of the spatial and spectral resolution of the Landsat TM imagery combined with the SVM in obtaining rapid and cost-effective post-fire analysis. This is of considerable scientific and practical value, given the present open access to the archived and new observations from this satellite radiometer globally. 相似文献