共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 781 毫秒
1.
本文建立了波浪在局部可渗透水平海床上传播的解析解,并研究了波浪在局部可渗透海床上的透射、反射问题。研究中将计算域划分为4个区域,中间区域为流域,海底可渗透,其下区域为多孔介质海床,左右两个区域也为流域,但海底不可渗透。应用线性波浪理论,建立了各流域包含非传播模态的速度势表达式,给出了海床内部的压强表达式,并利用交界面上匹配条件,求解了表达式中的待定系数。基于该解析模型,探讨了海床渗透系数、相对水深、渗透海床长度对波浪传播变形的影响。结果表明,波高沿程衰减,强度随渗透系数、渗透海床长度的增加以及相对水深的减小而变大;局部可渗透海床会引起波浪的反射和透射,随着海床长度的增加,反射系数振荡变化,并最终趋于常数,透射系数指数衰减,并最终趋于0。 相似文献
2.
3.
王恕铨 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1994,(4)
通过数值模拟计算发现，对于分层有吸收海底，在层厚已知的条件下，除最下面的介质以外．有可能利用垂直入射的脉冲声波遥测各层的密度、声速与吸收系数。此法的要点是，根据入射波和层参数的假设值算得反射信号，与实际反射信号比较；然后改变参数再作计算，直到误差最小为止．此时对应的层参数即为介质参数值实际的估计值。指出根据这种方法有可能实现以自适应方法遥测分层海底的介质参数。 相似文献
4.
部分反射直墙前潜堤水动力特性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于线性势流理论,对部分反射直墙前潜堤的水动力特性进行了理论研究。利用匹配特征函数展开法给出了潜堤透射系数和反射系数的计算方法,计算结果与边界元方法的计算结果一致。利用数值算例分析了潜堤透射系数和反射系数的主要影响因素。增大部分反射直墙的反射系数,将加大潜堤的透射系数。随着潜堤相对宽度或潜堤与直墙之间相对间距的增加,潜堤透射系数和反射系数呈周期性变化,但变化规律相反。 相似文献
5.
双频测深仪在海底浅层物质分类中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
双频测深仪在进行水深地形测量的同时，通过对声波透射信号的分析，可以判别海底浅层物质类型属性。介绍了声波透射地层的物理特性和测量方法，列举了工程测量中双频测深仪的模拟记录和数字记录的图像，对典型的悬浮淤泥、软泥、沙质和基岩的浅层资料进行了分析，并比较了地质取样资料，说明使用双频测深仪判别海底浅层物质类型是可行的。 相似文献
6.
海底沉积物物理特性参数的研究对海洋资源开发、海底工程建设、海地测绘、海洋灾害预报、海底历史研究、航运国防等具有重要意义.它可由对出海采样的样品直接进行土工实验获取,或者经测量得到的声学特性参数表征.目前海底沉积物探测主要以声学测量为主,通过接收透射、反射、折射的声波后提取出声学特性而成,包括压缩波速、切变波速(液体不存在)、声波阻抗、声衰减.针对传统的走时法由于人工读取起跳点造成声速的精确度不高这一特点,引出小波分析方法读取起跳点,应用小波分解原始信号得到的细节信号的模极大值连线来确定原始信号的畸变点,从而确定为接收声信号的起跳点以计算声速. 相似文献
7.
8.
声波在松散沉积物上的反射 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
将海底沉积物的为一种松散的湿颗粒介质，并假设海水与沉积物的界面是平的，由位移，动量密度及压强在界面处在连续性，导出平面声波在其上的反射系数，建立反射系数与沉积物的具体参数的联系。所得结果可化为前人用唯象理论所获得的形式。将理论与实验比较的结果表明，两者的一致性是好的。 相似文献
9.
针对声学覆盖层脱落问题,首先以均匀分层介质理论建立覆盖层脱落模型,在垂直入射和斜入射条下,将解析解与数值计算结果进行相互验证,并计算脱落介质和脱落层厚度以及入射角度对复合结构反射和透射性能的影响。计算结果表明：脱落层介质对结构的透声性能影响较大,脱落层为空气时频响曲线变化显著,透射系数趋于 0。就反射系数而言,不同入射角度下,脱落后反射系数有所增大;水层较空气层而言对入射角度的变化敏感。 相似文献
10.
11.
To observe sound penetration into a sandy sediment, a buried acoustic receiving array was insonified by a wide band sound source carried by a remotely operated vehicle. A slanting array design was used to avoid scattering artifacts. This design overcame possible problems in previous experiments, in which scattering artifacts from the array structure could be mistaken for a propagating wave. The experiments took place in a sandy sediment off the West coast of Florida, as part of the sediment acoustics experiment, which is a multidisciplinary effort to study sediment acoustics. A coherent angle, speed, and height estimation process searched through a four-dimensional search space, of source height and elevation angle, wave speed, and propagation delay to find spherical acoustic wave fronts. Three main categories of waves were found: first refracted, dominant nonrefracted and evanescent. Later acoustic arrivals, a fourth category, remain to be analyzed. Their relative intensities effectively characterize the sediment penetrating acoustic energy. The acoustic sound pressure level of penetrating waves below the critical grazing angle was found to be greater than expected for a flat interface. 相似文献
12.
A non-intrusive “Micro-Chirp” acoustic system and a signal-processing protocol have been developed to estimate the bulk density
of consolidating cohesive sediment beds. Using high-frequency (300–700 kHz) Chirp acoustic waves, laboratory measurements
were conducted with clay–water mixtures. Because acoustic echo strength is proportional to variations in acoustic impedance,
and the speed of sound in the clay bed hardly changed during consolidation, the bulk density could be successfully estimated
without disturbing the sediment bed. Based on acoustic signal analysis, this study demonstrates that the reflection coefficient
and bulk density at the water–sediment interface increase with consolidation time, and that a single speed of sound value
can be used for practical bulk density estimation in muddy environments. 相似文献
13.
介绍了最新研制的基于液压驱动贯入的自容式海底沉积声学原位测量系统及其在南黄海中部海底沉积声学调查中的应用。该系统可以实现对海底沉积物声速和声衰减系数进行原位测量,通过液压驱动装置将四根声学探杆匀速贯入到海底沉积物中,减少了对沉积物的扰动,可按照预设的工作参数在海底全自动工作,无需甲板上人员实时控制,采集的声波信号自容式存储于存储单元。系统工作水深为500 m,测量深度为1 m,测量频率为30 kHz,采样频率为10 MHz。使用该系统在南黄海中部获得了40个站位不同类型沉积物的声学特性原位测量数据,并使用CTD剖面仪对该系统声速测量进行了标定,相对误差均小于0.5%,表明该系统测量数据准确、可靠。 相似文献
14.
Acoustic backscattering from a sandy seabed was measured at a frequency of 5.5 kHz at a wide range of grazing angles. The measurement system used was the University of Miami's sonar tower, consisting of an omni-directional broadband source and two 16-channel hydrophone receiver arrays. A volume scattering model, which combines a fluid model with reflection/transmission coefficients derived from the Biot theory, is used. This model allows energy penetration into the bottom, calculations of the volume scattering at all grazing angles, and the frequency dependence of the sound speed in the water-saturated sediment. In the model, rather than assume sound-speed correlation length in sedimentary volume, core data were used to assimilate a 3-D fluctuation spectrum of the density. The numerical results showed excellent agreement with the measurement at lower grazing angles. We concluded that the interface roughness scattering was dominant at lower grazing angles, while the volume scattering is dominant at higher grazing angles at the sandy site. The border of the dominance of the interface and volume scattering was the so-called critical angle at this frequency. The frequency dependence of sound speeds is also discussed. 相似文献
15.
Acoustic wave fields in an ocean waveguide with a sediment layer having continuously varying density and sound speed overlying an elastic subbottom are considered in this analysis. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of seabed acoustic properties, including the density and sound speed of the sediment layer and subbottom, on the characteristics of the wave fields. Examination of the reflection coefficient, wavenumber spectrum, and noise intensity of the sound field through numerical analysis has shown that the variation in the acoustic properties in the sediment layer is an important factor in determining the reflected or noise sound fields. In particular, the sediment thickness-to-wavelength ratio and the types of variation of acoustic properties inside the layer give rise to many characteristics that potentially allow for acoustic inversion of the seabed properties. With regard to the wave-field components in a shallow-water environment, the various types of waves existing in a seismo-acoustic waveguide have been illustrated. The results indicate that the effects of the sediment properties on the wavenumber spectrum are primarily on the continuous and evanescent regimes of the wave field. The noise intensity generated by distributive random monopoles at various depths, together with the effect of refractive sound-speed distribution in the water column, has been obtained and analyzed. 相似文献
16.
An acoustic wave scattering model is formulated and solved for three homogeneous layers consisting of a thin solid sediment layer sandwiched by semi-infinite water and solid basalt media. The model is applied to two cases to analyze both the physical parameters affecting reflection loss and the effects of interface roughness scattering. It is shown that effects of attenuation in the sediment layer, especially of S -waves, combine with conversion and scattering processes of the basalt interface to constitute the dominant mechanism of reflection loss, especially in the small grazing angle directions. The scattering process is found not only to produce the well-known acoustic energy loss from specular to nonspecular directions, but also to alter the conversion efficiency between P and S waves with a resulting loss or gain 相似文献
17.
18.
19.
《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》2009,34(4):399-406
20.
We analyze the possibility of existence of critical angles of incidence of sound waves along two paths of propagation of sound typical of the northwest shelf of the Black Sea from the viewpoint of the characteristics of the lower boundary of a waveguide and the space and time structure of the field of sound velocity. The lower boundary of the waveguide may possess the property of acoustic transparency both in the case of a subsurface sound channel and under the conditions of negative refraction if the bottom is formed by fine-aleurite silts responsible for significant losses in the process of propagation of sound. The angles of total internal reflection exist for bottoms formed by shell rocks under all hydrological conditions typical of this region. At the same time, for bottoms formed by fine-aleurite silts, these angles exist only for a certain vertical structure of the field of sound velocity, which enables one to use the range of angles in which the losses caused by the reflections of sound waves from the bottom can be neglected. 相似文献