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准确提取湖泊围网区域的时空分布信息对湖泊的保护和可持续发展具有重要意义。本文以阳澄湖为研究区域,收集该地区1984年—2017年所有的Landsat 5和Landsat 8影像(共计396景),提出了结合光谱和纹理特征的围网提取新算法,同时利用时间序列滤波消除年际间因数据不一致造成的偏差。以高清影像人工解译作为参考,阳澄湖围网提取结果的生产者精度在72.57%—88.53%,用户者精度在79.79%—98.10%,围网面积变化与文献记录吻合。结果表明,阳澄湖围网经历了"无围网期"(1984年—1994年)、"快速增长期"(1994年—1998年)、"巅峰期"(1999年—2002年)、"快速下降期"(2003年—2006年)和"稳定期"(2007年—2017年)5个阶段,最高达到100 km2,目前稳定在30 km2;通过研究围网区植被指数发现,2002年之后围网区浮水植物的种植面积增大;通过对比水质数据发现,2002年至今持续15年的围网拆除并未使阳澄湖恢复到80年代无围网养殖时期的II类水,其水质依然处于Ⅲ—Ⅳ类。因此在湖泊养殖开发过程中,政府应该坚持可持续发展道路,在不破坏湖泊水质的基础上发展湖泊经济。 相似文献
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Abstract Upper Lake is the lifeline of Bhopal City, India for drinking and other water needs. In recent years, environmentalists have expressed their serious concern on deteriorating water quality of this lake. Conventional field sampling methods for monitoring lake water quality lack spatial information about the pollution in the lake. It is desirable to have spatial information about the lake for better management and control. In the present paper the remote sensing data from IRS-1C LISS III have been integrated into a GIS environment to analyse and create a pollution zone map of the Upper Lake. Spectral reflectance analysis was carried out to find the suitability of wavelengths for determining chlorophyll‐a concentration (chl‐a), suspended solid concentration (SSC) and secchi depth (SD). Empirical models relating spectral reflectance and chl‐a, SSC and SD were developed using least square regression analysis. These models were found valid on unused samples. Chl‐a, SSC and SD distribution maps were generated using proposed models and were incorporated as datalayers in the GIS for further analysis of pollution zones. The spatial information of pollution offered by the pollution zone map could delineate regions of lake having high pollution load. The methodology employed in this work can be used for regular monitoring of the pollution in surface water bodies and serve the data needs for better management of the water quality. 相似文献
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针对现有库容遥感监测方法对无湖盆数据区域的湖泊动态库容难以直接测算问题,提出了未知湖泊水下地形数据的遥感湖泊动态库容监测方法。该方法通过多源遥感数据,匹配相对时相的湖泊面积和水位信息,构建并模拟湖盆DEM数据,据此来估算湖泊的动态库容。在算法实现上,首先采用分布迭代水体提取从遥感影像提取湖泊的多期动态边界;其次,从ICEsat GLAS激光测高数据中反演出湖泊的动态水位高程;第三,依据时间水位信息,通过邻近时相匹配,将水位高程赋给湖泊边界线,生成湖泊等水位线;第四,通过等水位线构建TIN(triangulated irregular network)和Kriging插值,得到模拟湖盆数字高程模型;最后,依据模拟湖盆DEM和水体面积分布、水位信息,计算湖泊动态库容。试验通过对博斯腾湖的多年动态库容监测与真实性检验,结果显示:最大误差为2.21×108 m3,最小误差为0.000 02×108 m3,平均误差为0.044×108 m3,均方根为0.59,相关系数达到0.99。 相似文献
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悬浮泥沙是湖泊水体的重要水质要素之一,是湖泊水生态系统重要影响因子。利用遥感提取的鄱阳湖底质类型数据,对各类型底质区域上泥沙模型参数进行敏感性分析,基于2011年实测的不同底质区上泥沙浓度数据率定得到空间上不一致的泥沙模型参数,从而建立鄱阳湖丰水期二维悬浮泥沙输运模型。利用该模型模拟预测2013年丰水期悬浮泥沙输移过程,实测泥沙数据验证表明,模拟悬浮泥沙均方根误差为19.8 mg/L,相关系数R2为0.78,该模型能够较好地进行悬浮泥沙模拟预测。对比模型模拟和遥感反演的悬浮泥沙空间分布,两者具有较好的空间一致性,进一步表明该模型能够可靠地模拟预测鄱阳湖悬浮泥沙的时空动态变化。本研究充分利用遥感数据辅助建立鄱阳湖泥沙输移模型,为湖泊水环境动态变化监测提供有力的技术方法支撑,为进一步进行鄱阳湖水环境动态变化的数值模拟预测研究提供基础。 相似文献
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受外界环境和仪器设备等的影响,实时水位观测数据流噪声和数据异常问题突出,严重制约了实时应用效能。针对已有数据清洗方法适应性差,难以根据动态观测数据的变化特征进行动态调整问题,本文提出了一种水文变化语义约束的实时水位观测数据流在线滤波方法:在实时水位观测数据变化特征与水文时空过程动态演变规律之间建立高层语义映射,实现水文变化语义知识约束下的卡尔曼模型参数自适应调整,从而突破传统滤波方法的瓶颈。采用多种降雨情景下的实时水位观测数据进行了试验,证明了该方法结果质量的可靠性。 相似文献
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高原湖泊的演化研究是全球环境研究的重要组成部分,本文以西藏过布错湖泊为研究对象,利用RS、GIS技术,以TM图像为遥感信息源,根据遥感图像上过布错湖泊演化过程中所留下的相关沉积物的影像特征,反演古湖泊在四个不同时期的水域范围,并进一步分析了演化原因以及相应解决对策。研究表明,从更新世晚期至今,湖泊面积缩小了258.2km2。水位下降了76m,其中,在更新世晚期至全新世早期湖泊萎缩速度最快,其间分离出了一些小湖泊,此后湖泊退缩较慢。 相似文献
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太湖流域典型中小湖群水资源利用及动态变化的遥感调查与分析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
近年来太湖流域中小型湖群的网围水产养殖业带来了十分可观的经济效益，挑、涌湖经遥感分析网围养殖面积占总湖水面积75％以上，属超密度网围。超密度网围养殖的负面效应是湖水营养盐急剧增高，水草资源大幅度减少，从而破坏了湖泊的生态平衡，恶化了湖水环境。采用15年以来的陆地卫星影像结合航空数据，对研究区的水资源利用类型、空间分布及变化状况进行了分析解译和目标分类，结合佃技术，对各类型进行了面积量算，推算了网围养殖密度，同时遥感分析了养殖水域环境和水草资源的变化，并展开了野外实地调查验证。 相似文献
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水量遥感动态监测对于高原堰塞湖风险评估、预报预警和处置决策等具有重要意义。针对高原无资料或缺资料区,充分利用空天遥感技术,文章提出了一种无/缺水下地形数据的高原堰塞湖水量遥感定量估算方法。该方法首先通过遥感水域面积提取,获取堰塞湖淹没空间范围;进而采用不规则复杂多边形中线定位算法,确定堰塞湖中心线位置;然后基于河道中心特定点高程信息,结合局部河道比降估算,生成堰塞湖水下地形河道中线约束因子;再根据河道边坡高程信息和水下地形约束因子自适应拟合出局部堰塞河道的水下未知地形;最后通过三维曲面离散积分实现堰塞湖水量遥感动态定量估算。实验以东帕米尔高原的萨雷兹堰塞湖为研究区,展开遥感水量调查与局部验证研究,结果表明:萨雷兹堰塞湖当前水域面积约为89.09 km2,水量约为162.49亿m3;这一结果与专家预估的水资源量155—165亿m3基本吻合。经局部模拟实验精度对比验证,模拟结果与实际数据动态误差总体控制在10%以内,相关系数达到0.95(P<0.01,双尾),进一步证明了算法的鲁棒性和估算结果的可信度。为无/缺水下地形数据的高原堰塞湖水量遥感估算提供了一种有效的方法,实现了水下地形未知的高原堰塞湖水量遥感快速反演与定量测算。 相似文献
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K. Adem Ali Joseph Ortiz Nicholas Bonini Morgan Shuman Catherine Sydow 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2016,53(4):483-505
There is considerable interest in accurately estimating water quality parameters in turbid (Case 2) and eutrophic waters such as the Western Basin of Lake Erie (WBLE). Lake Erie is a large, open freshwater body that supports diverse ecosystem, and over 12 million people in the mid-western part of the United States depend on it for drinking water, fisheries, navigational, and recreational purposes. The increasing utilization of the freshwater has deteriorated the water severely and currently the lake is experiencing recurring harmful algal blooms (HABs). Improving the water quality of Lake Erie requires the use of robust monitoring tools that help water quality managers understand sources and pathways of influxes that trigger HABs. Satellite-based remote sensing sensor such as the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) may provide frequent and synoptic view of the water quality indices. In this study, data set from field measurements was used to evaluate the performance of 14 existing ocean color algorithms. Results indicated that MODIS data consistently underestimated the chlorophyll a concentrations in the WBLE, with the largest source of errors from dissolved organic matter and xanthophyll accessory pigments in this data set. Most of the global algorithms, including OC4v4 and the Baltic model, generated near-identical statistical parameters with an average R2 of ~0.57 and RMSE ~2.9 μg/l. MODIS performed poorly (R2 ~0.18) when its NIR/red bands were used. A slightly improved model was developed using similar band ratio approach generating R2 of ~0.62 and RMSE ~1.8 μg/l. 相似文献
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在全国第二次湖泊资源调查成果的基础上,将水环境基础资料、遥感信息、水文气象信息、水环境模型等进行综合管理,利用ENVI/IDL二次开发语言对全国重点湖泊建立了专业遥感模型,探索建立了湖泊水环境卫星遥感监测系统。以太湖为示范区对系统进行应用,制作了水环境参数专题产品。 相似文献
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针对帕米尔高原堰塞湖——萨雷兹湖的安全问题及水文站点资料获取困难,缺乏时段固定、精度统一的准实时湖泊水位信息等问题,本文提出了基于星载激光雷达测高数据（ICESat-1/2）的高原湖泊水位综合反演。开展了近20年（2003—2019年）的水位变化遥感调查和时序重建研究,并采用趋势分析和Mann Kendall （M-K）非参数检验,对近20年萨雷兹湖的水位变化特征进行过程分析,初步揭示了萨雷兹湖水位的近期变化趋势和规律。结果表明：①ICESat-1/2激光测高雷达数据在陆地湖泊水位反演中误差可控制在0.05 m之内,精度高度可信,为无/缺资料地区湖泊水文监测提供良好的数据源;②2003—2019年,萨雷兹湖的水位持续呈现显著上升的趋势,水位上升的速率约为0.15 m/a （p<0.01,双尾）;③萨雷兹湖的水位年内波动较大（至少7~8 m）。最高水位出现在9—10月,当前平均水位约为3265 m,最低水位出现在3—5月,当前平均水位约为3259 m。以上研究结果可为萨雷兹湖的综合治理及安全评估提供数据支持和技术参考。 相似文献
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鄱阳湖富营养化高光谱遥感监测模型初探 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
基于对光谱反射率与水质参数的相关分析,分别选取特征波长建立水质参数高光谱估测模型。结合修正营养状态指数,对湖泊的富营养化程度进行了监测和评价。结果表明:①总氮、总磷含量和透明度值的高光谱估测模型效果较理想;②单项指数评价水体富营养化水平其结果存在较大差异,综合考虑多个指标,计算营养指数的平均值,可以对富营养化程度进行正确的评价;③由于悬浮物浓度变化较大,掩盖了水体的叶绿素a信息,以致叶绿素a估测模型不具有通用性,为了完善叶绿素a浓度估测模型需要获得大范围、多季节的光谱数据,以便建立更有代表性和通用性的模型;④评价结果显示,鄱阳湖呈现轻度到中度富营养化状态,需要采取有力的保护措施防止进一步恶化。 相似文献
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Youichi Oyama Bunkei Matsushita Takehiko Fukushima Kazuo Matsushige Akio Imai 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2009,64(1):73-85
The remote sensing of Case 2 water has been far less successful than that of Case 1 water, due mainly to the complex interactions among optically active substances (e.g., phytoplankton, suspended sediments, colored dissolved organic matter, and water) in the former. To address this problem, we developed a spectral decomposition algorithm (SDA), based on a spectral linear mixture modeling approach. Through a tank experiment, we found that the SDA-based models were superior to conventional empirical models (e.g. using single band, band ratio, or arithmetic calculation of band) for accurate estimates of water quality parameters. In this paper, we develop a method for applying the SDA to Landsat-5 TM data on Lake Kasumigaura, a eutrophic lake in Japan characterized by high concentrations of suspended sediment, for mapping chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) and non-phytoplankton suspended sediment (NPSS) distributions. The results show that the SDA-based estimation model can be obtained by a tank experiment. Moreover, by combining this estimation model with satellite-SRSs (standard reflectance spectra: i.e., spectral end-members) derived from bio-optical modeling, we can directly apply the model to a satellite image. The same SDA-based estimation model for Chl-a concentration was applied to two Landsat-5 TM images, one acquired in April 1994 and the other in February 2006. The average Chl-a estimation error between the two was 9.9%, a result that indicates the potential robustness of the SDA-based estimation model. The average estimation error of NPSS concentration from the 2006 Landsat-5 TM image was 15.9%. The key point for successfully applying the SDA-based estimation model to satellite data is the method used to obtain a suitable satellite-SRS for each end-member. 相似文献
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Performance of three types of Stokes's kernel in the combined solution for the geoid 总被引：8，自引：6，他引：2
When regional gravity data are used to compute a gravimetric geoid in conjunction with a geopotential model, it is sometimes
implied that the terrestrial gravity data correct any erroneous wavelengths present in the geopotential model. This assertion
is investigated. The propagation of errors from the low-frequency terrestrial gravity field into the geoid is derived for
the spherical Stokes integral, the spheroidal Stokes integral and the Molodensky-modified spheroidal Stokes integral. It is
shown that error-free terrestrial gravity data, if used in a spherical cap of limited extent, cannot completely correct the
geopotential model. Using a standard norm, it is shown that the spheroidal and Molodensky-modified integration kernels offer
a preferable approach. This is because they can filter out a large amount of the low-frequency errors expected to exist in
terrestrial gravity anomalies and thus rely more on the low-frequency geopotential model, which currently offers the best
source of this information.
Received: 11 August 1997 / Accepted: 18 August 1998 相似文献
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Photogrammetric and laser altimetric reconstruction of water levels for extreme flood event analysis 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Stuart N. Lane Timothy D. James Hamish Pritchard Mark Saunders 《The Photogrammetric Record》2003,18(104):293-307
This paper assesses the feasibility of estimating water levels using digital photogrammetry. A common problem during an extreme flood event is that automated water level recorders do not record the highest water levels, as a result of instrument malfunctioning. This paper explores two possible solutions to this problem based upon data acquired using synoptic remote sensing methods. The first method requires: (a) high-resolution elevation data (for example, in the form of a digital elevation model for the floodplain); and (b) information on the planimetric position of the maximum flood extent, such as from debris lines (known as wrack lines) visible on aerial imagery flown after the event. The planimetric data can then be used to segment the topographic data in order to identify water level elevations. The second method uses a digitial photogrammetric approach and is suitable where no topographic data are available, but aerial imagery is available, flown after the event. Provided this imagery is of the right scale, digital photogrammetric analysis may be used to identify the elevations of wrack lines visible on the imagery. In this paper, the second of these options is compared with the first. The research shows that desktop photogrammetric methods, using 1:4500 scale imagery, can yield water level estimates that are precise to ±0·147 m, on the basis of check data obtained from lidar data. This is a worst possible estimate of the acquired precision given uncertainties in the lidar data. When compared with the first option, based upon segmenting lidar data using flood outlines, the photogrammetric approach was found to be preferable given both the quality of the lidar and uncertainties over how to segment it. 相似文献
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付海军 《测绘与空间地理信息》2017,(6):109-112
为分析高分一号WFV传感器16 m遥感影像在水质反演方面的能力,本文选取南四湖为研究区,以高分一号卫星影像与Landsat-8卫星OLI影像为数据源,结合地面同步实测水体浊度数据,建立反演水体浊度的原始光谱反射率模型、归一化反射率模型和波段比值模型,并对各模型进行精度评价,分别比较两个传感器在浊度反演能力方面的差异。结果表明:利用高分一号WFV 16m遥感影像进行水质反演具有较高的精度,且具备更高的空间分辨率和更短的重访周期,可以替代Landsat-8多光谱数据。 相似文献