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1.
Osterberg-Cell (O-Cell) tests are widely used to predict the load–settlement behavior of large-diameter drilled shafts socketed in rock. The loading direction of O-Cell tests for shaft resistance is opposite to that of conventional downward load tests, meaning that the equivalent top load–settlement curve determined by the summation of the mobilized shaft resistance and end bearing at the same deflection neglects the pile-toe settlement caused by the load transmitted along the pile shaft. The emphasis is on quantifying the effect of coupled shaft resistance, which is closely related to the ratios of pile diameter to soil modulus (D/Es) and total shaft resistance to total applied load (Rs/Q) in rock-socketed drilled shafts, using the coupled load-transfer method. The proposed analytical method, which takes into account the effect of coupled shaft resistance, was developed using a modified Mindlin’s point load solution. Through comparisons with field case studies, it was found that the proposed method reasonably estimated the load-transfer behavior of piles and coupling effects due to the transfer of shaft shear loading. These results represent a significant improvement in the prediction of load–settlement behaviors of drilled shafts subjected to bi-directional loading from the O-Cell test. 相似文献
2.
Ali Bouafia 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2003,21(4):389-398
Nine Static vertical pile loading tests were carried out in Abu-Dhabi, the United Arab Emirates in order to assess the end bearing capacity and settlement of piles bored in slightly silty sands overlying soft rocky horizons like sandstone and calcarenite. The paper is aimed at presenting the results of interpretation of the pile tests in order to estimate the end bearing capacity in correlation with the unconfined compressive strength R
c
and the rock quality designation (RQD). Load-settlement behaviour is also studied through an analysis by the elastic methods commonly used in pile design. 相似文献
3.
The increase of pile resistance with time is referred to as ‘set-up’. This behaviour of driven piles has been widely discussed in many studies by researchers. Meanwhile, there has been little, if any, information regarding this aspect for drilled shafts. Performing a bearing capacity test for a shaft over time, however, requires higher costs and more complicated rigs compared to a driven pile. A database including results from five Osterberg cell-tested drilled shafts conducted at two different stages is considered, from which the set-up effect is statistically analysed. The reliability-based analysis technique using Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) is used to develop separate resistance factors to account for different degrees of uncertainties associated with the predicted reference resistance and the predicted set-up resistance in the framework of the load and resistance factor design (LRFD) method. By incorporating set-up into design, shaft length or number of shafts can be reduced and economical design of drilled shafts can be achieved. 相似文献
4.
The load distribution and deformation of rock-socketed drilled shafts subjected to axial loads are evaluated by a load transfer method. The emphasis is on quantifying the effect of coupled soil resistance in rock-socketed drilled shafts using 2D elasto-plastic finite element analysis. Slippage and shear-load transfer behavior at the pile–soil interface are investigated by using a user-subroutine interface model (FRIC). It is shown that the coupled soil resistance acts as pile-toe settlement as the shaft resistance is increased to its ultimate limit state. Based on the results obtained, the coupling effect is closely related to the ratio of the pile diameter to soil modulus (D/Es) and the ratio of total shaft resistance against total applied load (Rs/Q). Through comparison with field case studies, the 2D numerical analysis reasonably estimated load transfer of pile and coupling effect, and thus represents a significant improvement in the prediction of load deflections of drilled shafts. 相似文献
5.
为考虑钻井船插桩对邻近平台群桩相互作用的影响,以海洋平台群桩设计中使用的修正Poulos法为基础,提出了一种考虑桩靴贯入影响的群桩分析方法。该法基于非线性地基梁模型确定桩靴贯入土层时单桩桩头位移;依据桩同时承受桩头荷载与土体位移时对应的地基反力系数确定土层的弹性模量,进而在Poulos群桩相互作用分析理论框架内,分析桩靴贯入对群桩相互作用的影响,确定桩靴贯入过程中由于群桩相互作用导致的附加桩头位移及相应的群桩桩头位移;依据群桩桩头位移,确定考虑桩靴贯入影响的群桩p-y曲线Y因子及相应的p-y关系。为了说明分析方法的可行性,进行了桩靴贯入砂土时对邻近单桩和群桩相互作用影响的离心模型试验,方法预测与试验结果基本一致,从而验证了方法的合理性。对于文中的工况,桩靴贯入没有导致群桩p-y关系进一步弱化,此时采用桩靴贯入前的群桩p-y关系确定考虑桩靴贯入影响的群桩响应,得到的结果偏安全。 相似文献
6.
In this paper, a modeling procedure is carried out to numerically analyze the end bearing capacity of drilled shafts in sand.
The Mohr–Coulomb elastic plastic constitutive law with stress dependent elastic parameters is used for all numerical analyses
performed in this study. The numerical results are compared with the available experimental equations. It is seen that numerical
results are in good agreement with experimental equations. The variation of the end bearing capacity of drilled shafts versus
embedment depth is also studied. Numerical results show that with increase in pile embedment depth, the end bearing capacity
increases. However, the rate of increase becomes smaller as the pile embedment depth increases. Also, numerical analyses show
that, for equal settlement, the end bearing decreases with increase in the pile diameter. Finally, a sensitivity analysis
is performed to obtain the separate effect of each sand parameter on the end bearing capacity of drilled shafts, and the parameters
that are most influential are identified. 相似文献
7.
A bridge pier supported on two drilled shafts collapsed due to the impact by a 130-ton rock in a landslide event. A series
of static and dynamic numerical simulations is conducted using a nonlinear finite element analysis program to investigate
the bearing behavior and responses of the bridge foundation under rock impact. The rock impact load is evaluated according
to the site conditions. The deflection histories at the striking point and the internal forces in the drilled shafts during
rock impacts in different directions are analyzed. The bridge pier exhibits significant system effects: the failure of the
bridge pier is initiated by the failure of one pier column or one drilled shaft first, followed by the failure of the entire
pier. The effects of impact loading direction, striking location, and characteristics of impact load on the behavior of the
bridge pier are examined through a parametric study. The capacities of the pier along different loading directions are different
due to differences in the group effects of the drilled shafts. The bridge pier is strongest when the impact load is along
the 45° direction with respect to the shaft row, and weakest when the impact load is perpendicular to the shaft row. 相似文献
8.
桩基负摩阻力时间效应试验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
由于黏土固结缓慢,桩基负摩阻力存在明显的时间效应,然而目前相关研究仍显不足。设计实施了能实现桩顶加载及较大超载值的单桩及双桩负摩阻力模型试验,桩周土采用砂土和软黏土夹层,测定了模型桩身应力、桩顶位移以及土体分层沉降随固结时间的变化。试验结果显示,沉降、负摩阻力具有明显的时间效应。土表超载作用下土体沉降带动桩沉降,桩与土体的沉降均表现出早期快、后期慢的趋势。试验加载初期,黏土夹层处的负摩阻力略小于砂层,但随土体固结而增长,其基本变化规律与沉降相同。因桩端砂土层沉降稳定迅速,中性点随桩身沉降增长略呈上移趋势。此外,相同荷载作用下桩间距较小的双桩,由于下拉力较小,其沉降较小。试验条件下,3D桩间距的负摩阻力群桩效应系数在0.71～0.77之间,6D桩间距时不存在负摩阻力群桩效应。 相似文献
9.
Khan Zahid Yamin Mohammad Attom Mousa Al Hai Nasser 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2022,40(8):4109-4120
Geotechnical and Geological Engineering - Artificial islands near Dubai were constructed with geomaterials of significant gravel content from other areas of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The... 相似文献
10.
高速铁路CFG桩复合地基柔性载荷试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
高速铁路建设的迅速发展及高速铁路对路基沉降的严格要求,CFG桩在高速铁路路基的处理上得到大量运用。但铁路工程对路基的作用原理与工民建工程对地基的作用原理有本质的区别,工民建房屋建筑荷载通过基础对地基施加刚性荷载,而铁路路基直接承受上部路堤的自重和列车运行产生的柔性荷载。高速铁路CFG桩复合地基的设计都是根据工民建行业的设计理论进行,其试验结果必然与实际情况存在偏差。本文着手研究适合于高速铁路复合地基的柔性载荷试验方法,模拟高速铁路柔性加载的特性,通过数值分析对比了刚性荷载和柔性载荷作用下CFG桩复合地基的桩、土应力、位移分布情况;通过现场载荷试验对设计方案进行了验证,研究了高速铁路CFG桩复合地基的承载力特性,结果证明柔性载荷试验是可行的,能合理的模拟高速铁路CFG桩复合地基承载特性,可为柔性基础下CFG桩复合地基的设计提供基础。 相似文献
11.
应用有限元方法,分析了不同几何参数情况下超长大直径桩的荷载-沉降关系、桩顶沉降量的构成及其比例。根据计算结果得出以下规律：超长桩极限承载力的发挥需要较大的桩顶位移,且随着长径比的增大而增大;超长桩的变形主要由桩身压缩量控制,桩端沉降所占比例较小,且各沉降分项所占比例与长径比存在明显的函数关系;对长径比为50～83的超长大直径桩,极限状态下的桩身压缩量所占比例为65.2 %～71.83 %,桩端荷载所引起的沉降量所占比例为15.7 %～9.72 %;工作荷载作用下的桩身压缩量所占比例为66.1 %～72.5 %,桩端荷载所引起的沉降量所占比例为10.8 %～3.9 %。 相似文献
12.
This paper focuses on an analysis by the boundary element method (BEM) of the pile-to-pile interaction for pile groups with dissimilar piles of different pile lengths embedded in saturated poroelastic soil. The behaviour of the poroelastic homogeneous soil is governed by Biot’s consolidation equations. The pile–soil system is decomposed into extended soil and fictitious piles. Considering the compatibility of vertical strain between fictitious piles and soil, the second kind of Fredholm integral equations were obtained to predict the axial force and settlement along pile shafts numerically. For the analysis of the interaction factor, two loading conditions for a two-dissimilar-pile system were proposed: (a) only one pile is loaded and (b) each pile is subjected to a load proportional to the pile length. Furthermore, the two-pile system was extended to pile groups with a rigid cap to capture the optimum design where each pile shares the same loading at the pile heads. The optimum results require shortening the peripheral piles and elongating internal piles, and the consolidation effect needs to be considered due to the adjustment of loading distribution among piles. 相似文献
13.
为提高塑料套管混凝土桩（简称TC桩）的承载性能,结合桩侧注浆技术,发展和形成了塑料套管管侧前注浆桩（简称TCSG桩）。通过现场试验,对TCSG桩、TC桩和扩径塑料套管混凝土桩（简称TCLD桩）3种桩型在不同时期进行了静载试验,并引入了3种易于应用的单桩沉降计算模型对各桩体的沉降进行了计算。试验结果和沉降模型计算分析表明：与TC桩相比,TCSG桩增加了8.3%～20.0%的承载力,并减小了19.8%～33.5%的沉降,而TCLD桩降低了10.0%～16.7%的承载力,且增加了13.2%～43.8%桩体的沉降;TCSG桩的轴力衰减速率大于TC和扩径的TCLD桩的,TCSG桩的前、后期的平均轴力衰减速率相差不大,TC桩后期的平均轴力衰减速率相比前期提高了1.1%～14.2%,而TCLD桩却降低了5.9%～21.9%;在前、后期静载时,TCSG桩在各级荷载下的平均单位侧摩阻力相比TC桩分别提高了14.5%～39.6%和9.2%～28.6%,扩径后的TCLD桩则分别降低了4.9%～11.8%和11.5%～30.7%;管侧前注浆后的TCSG桩的时效特性不显著,扩径后的TCLD桩的侧摩阻力随时间减小而端阻力则增大;基于桩土荷载传递的单桩沉降计算模型能够较好地预测塑料套管桩的沉降。 相似文献
14.
This paper presents a shear load transfer function and an analytical method for estimating the load transfer characteristics
of rock-socketed drilled shafts subjected to axial loads. A shear load transfer (f–w) function of rock-socketed drilled shafts is proposed based on the constant normal stiffness (CNS) direct shear tests. It
is presented in terms of the borehole roughness and the geological strength index (GSI) so that the structural discontinuities
and the surface conditions of the rock mass can be considered. An analytical method that takes into account the coupled soil
resistance effects is proposed using a modified Mindlin’s point load solution. Through comparisons with load test results,
the proposed methodology is in good agreement with the general trend observed in in situ measurements and represents an improvement
in the prediction of the shear behavior of rock-socketed drilled shafts. 相似文献
15.
Extrapolation of O-cell drilled shaft tests for load and resistance factor design (LRFD) calibration
Load tests of drilled shafts are often performed using Osterberg cell (O-cell) testing, a popular load test method for drilled shafts, which measures both side and tip resistance. However, it is common that only one of the resistance components can be fully mobilized. Therefore, extrapolation of the partially mobilized resistance is often required to determine the total resistance or the equivalent top-down curve. The extrapolation tends to introduce errors to the constructed total resistance values, which subsequently affect the calibrated resistance factors required for the LRFD design of drilled shafts. In this study, eight O-cell tests of drilled shafts with total measured resistances close to the failure criteria defined by FHWA, 5% of the shaft diameter (B), were collected among 64 drilled shaft load tests from Louisiana and Mississippi. For each of the eight cases, extrapolation was performed on both tip and side movement curves for the construction of the equivalent top-down load-settlement (ELT) curves. Data points from the measured side or tip movement curve were removed systematically to create a total of 80 cases with partially mobilized movement curves, and extrapolation exercises were performed on each fabricated case to obtain its equivalent top-down curve. The error of bias for each fabricated case was determined for statistical analyses. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed on the bias errors to model the bias errors caused by extrapolation. Calibrated resistance factors were determined and compared between the original database and fabricated database needing extrapolation. A correction method is proposed, based on a linear regression relationship, to estimate and minimize the extrapolation error of bias for less mobilized databases.
相似文献16.
This paper describes the development of a boundary element analysis for the behaviour of single piles and pile groups subjected to general three‐dimensional loading and to vertical and lateral ground movements. Each pile is discretized into a series of cylindrical elements, each of which is divided into several sub‐elements. Compatibility of vertical, lateral and rotational movements is imposed in order to obtain the necessary equations for the pile response. Via hierarchical structures, 12 non‐zero sub‐matrices in a global matrix are derived for the basic influence factors. Solutions are presented for a series of cases involving single piles and pile groups. In each case, the solutions are compared with those from more simplified existing pile analyses such as those developed by Randolph and by Poulos. It is shown that for direct loading effects (e.g. the settlement of piles due to vertical loading), the simplified analyses work well. However, for ‘off‐line’ response (such as the lateral movement due to vertical loading) the differences are greater, and it is believed that the present analysis gives more reliable estimates. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
17.
An elastoplastic model for the analysis of a driven pile extended at the bottom with a micropile under axial load is presented. The model is an extension of the integral equation method of Poulos and Davis. The finite-difference scheme used to obtain the pile displacements is reformulated to take into account the discontinuity in the stress distribution at the joint between pile and micropile. The results obtained with the proposed method are compared with the outcomes of a more sophisticated finite element simulation, and also with data from full-scale load tests. Reasonably good agreement is obtained in both cases. 相似文献
18.
湿陷性黄土地区基桩承载力检测中桩顶荷载是在土体沉降后施加的,桩基使用条件下是桩顶荷载施加之后再出现土体沉降。简要分析了这两种加载次序之间桩土相互作用差异的机制。采用有限元方法分析了这种差异。计算结果表明,在这两种加载次序中,桩顶荷载的增加都会引起沉降增加,中性点下降,下拉力减小。结果还表明,与桩顶荷载先施加的相比,桩顶荷载后施加得到的中性点的位置比较低,桩基沉降比较小,下拽力也较小,这些差异随着桩顶荷载的增大而更加明显。在两种加载次序的各个加载阶段,桩周摩阻力的分布与发挥也会出现细微的变化。这会使湿陷性黄土地区桩的承载力检测结果略微偏于不安全 相似文献
19.
超长钻孔桩竖向承载性状的试验研究 总被引：13，自引：2，他引：11
利用工程桩作为锚桩,并在反力系统中充分应用预应力技术,建立了大吨位静载试验装置。分析了超长桩的承载性能和荷载传递机理,结果表明：超长桩的荷载-沉降曲线没有明显破坏点。其竖向荷载主要依靠桩侧摩阻力进行传递,桩侧摩阻力的发挥存在最佳深度范围。超长桩的承载性能还受土体特性、施工工艺等因素影响。 相似文献
20.
实际工程中桩基经常受到各种动荷载作用,如高铁路基中的加固桩长期承受列车行车时产生的循环动荷载作用,桩基在循环荷载作用下的承载特性研究对动荷载下的工程设计至关重要。X形桩是一种在传统圆形截面桩基础上发展而来的新型异性桩技术,其承载机制不同于传统圆形截面桩。为了深入研究X形桩在循环荷载作用下的动力特性和荷载与沉降规律,开展了砂土中X形桩竖向循环加载大比尺模型试验。试验结果表明,随着循环加载的进行,X形桩顶产生累计沉降,且循环荷载比越大,加载频率越高,桩顶沉降越快;循环加载初期,X形桩顶动刚度降低,桩身轴力响应增大,桩侧摩阻力发生弱化,之后逐渐趋于稳定,且桩身下半段侧摩阻力较大;在同等加载条件下X形桩与等截面圆形桩相比,承受动荷载能力较强,桩侧摩阻力较大,长期循环加载作用下产生的累计位移较小。研究结果可为X形桩在动荷载作用下的工程设计提供参考依据。 相似文献