共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 632 毫秒
1.
多点地质统计学建模的发展趋势 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
从算法研究、训练图像处理和实际应用三个方面详细解剖了国内外多点地质统计学的发展历程,在此基础上,分析了多点地质统计学主流的几种算法的核心原理、适用范围及优缺点,以此来对储层建模的发展趋势作出展望。目前,多点地质统计学虽是随机建模的一种前沿研究热点,但由于其尚未成熟,仍需对建模算法进行研究。为此,在前人研究的基础上,重点分析了多点地质统计学的发展趋势：合理处理训练图像;合理利用软信息;选择合适的相似性方法;选择合适的标准化方法;合理利用平稳性;算法间的耦合;选择合适的过滤器;拓展缝洞型碳酸盐岩模拟。最后,提出多点地质统计学在储层建模方面,应从增加储层的模拟区域、提高模拟精度、扩大储层相的模拟范围和提高计算机模拟效率等方面进行改进。 相似文献
2.
利用三维地质模拟技术重构地质现象的三维空间分布,是实现自然资源管理和风险评估的重要基础和前提。多点统计学方法通过探寻多点间的空间结构关系,结合随机模拟方法生成具有差异性的模拟结果,较好地再现了复杂的地质现象。然而,如何构建合适、有效的训练图像一直是基于多点统计学三维地质模拟的核心问题。本文提出了一种改进的多点统计学算法。本方法结合了序贯模拟和迭代的方法,将二维剖面扩展为三维训练图像,再结合EM-Like算法,实现了三维地质结构的优化模拟。建模实例结果表明,本方法能确保训练图像对内部模拟网格的约束,准确模拟研究区的地层层序,并很好地再现二维地质剖面所反映的地层结构关系。 相似文献
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4.
在储层建模中利用多点地质统计学整合地质概念模型及其解释(英文) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于三维空间中稀疏的观测数据,地质学家和储层建模人员尝试预测井间的地质沉积相的空间非均质性时,地质概念模型和先验认识在其中扮演着重要的角色。这种整合先验模型或解释的过程有时是隐蔽或不易察觉的,正如在手工绘等值线图中的情形;它也能够被显式地运用到某种算法当中,比如数字绘图中的算法。新近兴起的多点地质统计学为地质学家和储层建模人员提供了一种有力工具,它强调使用训练图像把先验模型明确而定量地引入到储层建模当中。先验地质模型包含了被研究的真实储层中确信存在的样式,而训练图像则是该模型的定量化表达。通过再现高阶统计量,多点算法能够从训练图像中捕捉复杂的(非线性)特征样式并把它们锚定到观测的井位数据。文中描述了多点地质统计学原理,以突出训练图像概念重要性为主线,描述了多点地质统计学在建立三维储层模型中的应用。 相似文献
5.
从精细油藏描述中地质建模的意义和现状入手,介绍了多点地质统计学建模研究现状及其与传统地质建模方法的差
异。以辽河盆地西部凹陷某蒸汽驱试验区为例,分析了多点地质统计学建模中建模的基础、训练图像的建立、多点地质统计学
建模与传统地质建模相比所具有的优势等内容。指出多点地质统计学在井间预测方面具有明显优于其他传统建模方法的特
点。在文献调研基础上,结合自身工作实践,探讨了多点地质统计学建模目前存在的问题和未来的发展方向。指出未来多点
地质统计学建模的发展方向主要包括多信息综合地质成因分析基础上的训练图像获取、多点地质统计学算法进行改进和完善
和多点地质统计学建模方法应用领域的扩大等。 相似文献
6.
冲积扇储层具有典型的非平稳分布特征,传统的基于平稳假设的地质统计建模方法无法准确模拟其沉积微相。在充 分分析其沉积微相分布特征的基础上,以克拉玛依油田三叠系克下组冲积扇储层为例,综合现代沉积、密井网、露头等信 息,应用基于地质矢量信息的多点地质统计学方法建立了精细、合理的储层沉积微相三维模型。首先,综合现代沉积特征 与地下储层沉积微相解剖成果,应用“模式指导、规模约束”的方法,建立符合研究区沉积模式和定量规模的训练图像和 基于冲积扇沉积体系的矢量坐标系统,表征了训练图像的地质矢量信息,提出基于预模拟实现的模拟域地质矢量信息表征 方法,建立了待模拟地质体的三维矢量信息模型;最后,采用基于矢量信息的多点地质统计方法建立了冲积扇储层沉积微 相模型,并采用多种标准对模拟实现进行可靠性分析。模拟结果表明冲积扇相带分布符合地质认识,沉积微相的形态、展 布特征、组合样式、规模与训练图像、地下沉积微相解剖认识相符。 相似文献
7.
《地质科技情报》2021,40(3)
为有效提高三角洲沉积相模拟的精度,以塔河T区为例,应用地震、岩心及测井资料,通过定量评估可容纳空间、物源供给和沉积搬运之间复杂的关系,建立该地区辫状河三角洲砂体沉积正演模型,并将此转化为多点地质统计模拟的三维训练图像,进行研究区辫状河三角洲多点地质统计模拟。研究表明:辫状河三角洲砂体分布受沉积正演模拟控制参数影响,其中砂质供应体积分数、沉积物流入比例、水流载荷量及洪水期间隔均属于强敏感性参数,对研究区三角洲砂体分布影响较大;砂岩含量沉积正演模型体现了辫状河三角洲退积式沉积过程,符合研究区沉积特征,将其转化为三维训练图像,多点地质统计模拟结果在三维空间具有受训练图像约束的特征,体现了训练图像所反映的相带接触关系,并且与钻井认识一致。所提出的这种新的获取三角洲沉积体三维训练图像的方法,综合了沉积正演模拟与多点地质统计模拟的优势,取得了一定的应用效果,对类似沉积体三维地质建模具有一定的借鉴作用。 相似文献
8.
多点地质统计学研究进展与展望 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
在简要回顾多点地质统计学起源后,介绍了多点地质统计学的3种方法,并总结了多点地质统计
学的研究进展。在应用领域,已经从河流相建模发展到扇环境建模,从储集层结构建模发展到储集层物性分布
模拟,从宏观地质体预测发展到微观孔喉分布建模,从地质研究发展到地质统计反演。在整合信息建模方面,
给出了３种综合地震属性的方法;在算法方面,提出了PRTT实时处理方法,完善了多点地质统计学建模,并开
发了新的多点统计生长算法（Growthsim）。对多点地质统计学未来发展进行了展望,指出在训练图像、数据综合
以及建模方法耦合方面还需要进一步深入研究。 相似文献
9.
多点地质统计学在河流相储层建模中的应用 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
多点地质统计学综合了基于象元方法以及基于目标方法两者的优点,对于河流相等具有复杂地质形态的储层精确建模具有较强的优势.在对传统建模方法综合分析的基础上,介绍了多点地质统计学的基本理论及SNESIM算法,并应用该技术对大牛地气田某开发井区的辫状分流河道相进行了实际建模.研究结果表明,在河流相储层建模中,该方法比传统的建模方法更具优越性.最后,进一步综合讨论了多点地质统计学目前面临的主要问题(包括训练图像、目标体连续性、数据样板选择、综合地震信息等方面)的改进方法. 相似文献
10.
多点地质统计学的理论、方法、应用及发展现状 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
《地质科技情报》2019,(6)
基于变差函数建模方法的两点地质统计学在表达和揭示复杂空间结构特征以及重建复杂地质体几何形态等方面存在不足,多点地质统计学,也称之为多点模拟(multiple-points simulations,简称MPS)应用训练图像代替变差函数来表征多点之间的空间关系及分布模式,因而可弥补传统两点地质统计方法的固有缺陷。自MPS理论与方法提出以来,它经历了近二十年的发展与完善,至今已形成了基于迭代和非迭代算法的2类MPS方法,前者主要有Simpat、Dispat、DS-MPS等算法,在研究初期应用较为广泛,但存在收敛条件难以满足、计算速度过于缓慢而难以应用于实际的不足。后者则克服了这些不足,发展较快,逐步取代了前者,是目前主要的MPS方法,具体包括Enisem、Snesim、Growthsim等算法。MPS发展初期主要应用于储层建模,之后逐渐被广泛地应用于解决裂缝模拟、数字岩心重构、地球物理约束反演等其他相关地学难题以及土壤学、计量经济学等诸多学科领域。近年来MPS方法是地质统计学中的热门与前沿研究方向之一,针对算法优化及其应用拓展的研究较多,但是目前仍然存在一些问题,如难以获取适当的训练图像、模拟地质体的连续性受限、与其他建模方法耦合时数据标准不一致等。 相似文献
11.
Piotr W. Mirowski Daniel M. Tetzlaff Roy C. Davies David S. McCormick Nneka Williams Claude Signer 《Mathematical Geosciences》2009,41(4):447-474
This research introduces a novel method to assess the validity of training images used as an input for Multipoint Geostatistics,
alternatively called Multiple Point Simulation (MPS). MPS are a family of spatial statistical interpolation algorithms that
are used to generate conditional simulations of property fields such as geological facies. They are able to honor absolute
“hard” constraints (e.g., borehole data) as well as “soft” constraints (e.g., probability fields derived from seismic data,
and rotation and scale). These algorithms require 2D or 3D training images or analogs whose textures represent a spatial arrangement
of geological properties that is presumed to be similar to that of a target volume to be modeled. To use the current generation
of MPS algorithms, statistically valid training image are required as input. In this context, “statistical validity” includes
a requirement of stationarity, so that one can derive from the training image an average template pattern. This research focuses
on a practical method to assess stationarity requirements for MPS algorithms, i.e., that statistical density or probability
distribution of the quantity shown on the image does not change spatially, and that the image shows repetitive shapes whose
orientation and scale are spatially constant. This method employs image-processing techniques based on measures of stationarity
of the category distribution, the directional (or orientation) property field and the scale property field of those images.
It was successfully tested on a set of two-dimensional images representing geological features and its predictions were compared
to actual realizations of MPS algorithms. An extension of the algorithms to 3D images is also proposed. As MPS algorithms
are being used increasingly in hydrocarbon reservoir modeling, the methods described should facilitate screening and selection
of the input training images. 相似文献
12.
L. Y. Hu Y. Liu C. Scheepens A. W. Shultz R. D. Thompson 《Mathematical Geosciences》2014,46(2):227-240
The multiple-point simulation (MPS) method has been increasingly used to describe the complex geologic features of petroleum reservoirs. The MPS method is based on multiple-point statistics from training images that represent geologic patterns of the reservoir heterogeneity. The traditional MPS algorithm, however, requires the training images to be stationary in space, although the spatial distribution of geologic patterns/features is usually nonstationary. Building geologically realistic but statistically stationary training images is somehow contradictory for reservoir modelers. In recent research on MPS, the concept of a training image has been widely extended. The MPS approach is no longer restricted by the size or the stationarity of training images; a training image can be a small geometrical element or a full-field reservoir model. In this paper, the different types of training images and their corresponding MPS algorithms are first reviewed. Then focus is placed on a case where a reservoir model exists, but needs to be conditioned to well data. The existing model can be built by process-based, object-based, or any other type of reservoir modeling approach. In general, the geologic patterns in a reservoir model are constrained by depositional environment, seismic data, or other trend maps. Thus, they are nonstationary, in the sense that they are location dependent. A new MPS algorithm is proposed that can use any existing model as training image and condition it to well data. In particular, this algorithm is a practical solution for conditioning geologic-process-based reservoir models to well data. 相似文献
13.
Characterization of complex geological features and patterns remains one of the most challenging tasks in geostatistics. Multiple point statistics (MPS) simulation offers an alternative to accomplish this aim by going beyond classical two-point statistics. Reproduction of features in the final realizations is achieved by borrowing high-order spatial statistics from a training image. Most MPS algorithms use one training image at a time chosen by the geomodeler. This paper proposes the use of multiple training images simultaneously for spatial modeling through a scheme of data integration for conditional probabilities known as a linear opinion pool. The training images (TIs) are based on the available information and not on conceptual geological models; one image comes from modeling the categories by a deterministic approach and another comes from the application of conventional sequential indicator simulation. The first is too continuous and the second too random. The mixing of TIs requires weights for each of them. A methodology for calibrating the weights based on the available drillholes is proposed. A measure of multipoint entropy along the drillholes is matched by the combination of the two TIs. The proposed methodology reproduces geologic features from both TIs with the correct amount of continuity and variability. There is no need for a conceptual training image from another modeling technique; the data-driven TIs permit a robust inference of spatial structure from reasonably spaced drillhole data. 相似文献
14.
多点统计地质建模技术自提出至今已有20余年的历史,已经成为储集层地质建模的国际前沿研究方向,在理论和应用研究方面都取得了长足进展。以多点统计地质建模技术的发展历程为主线,以多点统计地质建模技术的技术进展为核心,论述了多点统计地质建模技术的研究进展,对主要的多点统计地质建模方法进行了分类,系统讨论了具有发展潜力的多点统计地质建模方法的原理、特点以及存在的问题,并以扎格罗斯盆地孔隙型碳酸盐岩油藏S油藏为例进行了应用研究,对比了多点统计模拟与序贯指示模拟的优劣。研究表明,多点统计模拟在复杂的相模拟方面,较序贯指示模拟具有明显的优势;基于图型的Dispat方法采用图型替换数据事件的策略,使相的分布规律更符合地质学家的地质认识。这一认识为孔隙型碳酸盐岩油藏建模提供了一种新思路,对类似油藏的地质建模具有借鉴作用。 相似文献
15.
基于钻孔数据的矿山三维地质建模及可视化过程研究 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
矿山三维地质建模与可视化技术研究,是"数字矿山"的核心组成部分,是现代矿山信息化研究的热点和重点.文章从三维地质建模的概念出发,探讨了基于钻孔数据的矿山三维地质建模及可视化的一般过程,包括地质数据库的建立,实体模型、品位块体模型的创建等,重点探讨了建模过程中地质数据库的设计,地质解译、矿体储量估算的方法与技术,并借助OpenGL三维图形开发库,在VC++6.0编程环境下,实现了三维地质的建模及可视化,为我国矿山三维地质建模及可视化软件的设计提供参考,促进了我国矿山信息化的建设. 相似文献
16.
The advent of multiple-point geostatistics (MPS) gave rise to the integration of complex subsurface geological structures
and features into the model by the concept of training images. Initial algorithms generate geologically realistic realizations
by using these training images to obtain conditional probabilities needed in a stochastic simulation framework. More recent
pattern-based geostatistical algorithms attempt to improve the accuracy of the training image pattern reproduction. In these
approaches, the training image is used to construct a pattern database. Consequently, sequential simulation will be carried
out by selecting a pattern from the database and pasting it onto the simulation grid. One of the shortcomings of the present
algorithms is the lack of a unifying framework for classifying and modeling the patterns from the training image. In this
paper, an entirely different approach will be taken toward geostatistical modeling. A novel, principled and unified technique
for pattern analysis and generation that ensures computational efficiency and enables a straightforward incorporation of domain
knowledge will be presented. 相似文献
17.
The static modeling and dynamic simulation are essential and critical processes in petroleum exploration and development. In this study, lithofacies models for Wabiskaw Member in Athabasca, Canada are generated by multipoint statistics(MPS) and then compared with the models built by sequential indicator simulation(SIS). Three training images(Tls) are selected from modern depositional environments;the Orinoco River Delta estuary, Cobequid bay-Salmon River estuary, and Danube River delta environment. In order to validate lithofacies models, average and variance of similarity in lithofacies are calculated through random and zonal blind-well tests.In random six-blind-well test, similarity average of MPS models is higher than that of SIS model. The Salmon MPS model closely resembles facies pattern of Wabiskaw Member in subsurface. Zonal blind-well tests show that successful lithofacies modeling for transitional depositional setting requires additional or proper zonation information on horizontal variation, vertical proportion, and secondary data.As Wabiskaw Member is frontier oilsands lease, it is impossible to evaluate the economics from production data or dynamic simulation. In this study, a dynamic steam assisted gravity drainage(SAGD)performance indicator(SPIDER) on the basis of reservoir characteristics is calculated to build 3 D reservoir model for the evaluation of the SAGD feasibility in Wabiskaw Member. SPIDER depends on reservoir properties, economic limit of steam-oil ratio, and bitumen price. Reservoir properties like porosity,permeability, and water saturation are measured from 13 cores and calculated from 201 well-logs. Three dimensional volumes of reservoir properties are constructed mostly based on relationships among properties. Finally, net present value(NPV) volume can be built by equation relating NPV and SPIDER. The economic area exceeding criterion of US$ 10,000 is identified, and the ranges of reservoir properties are estimated. NPV-volume-generation workflow from reservoir parameter to static model provides costand time-effective method to evaluate the oilsands SAGD project. 相似文献