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1.
This article explores the geographic literature on governance at smaller-than-urban but larger-than-household scales, identifying a relative inattention to neighborhood and other partial-city scales of governance. Hegemonic power relationships are institutionalized at particular scales of state government (e.g. national, regional, municipal) and state-sanctioned governing units (e.g. jurisdictional districts or supranational bodies), which in turn shapes urban research. We propose a new analytical term, governance shims, to describe the insertion of new scales of governance between those already reified and reproduced; institutions at such scales may be unusually grounded in authority beyond the state. Geographers seem well positioned to explore the characteristics of governance shims at the meso-urban scale. We illustrate this by briefly tracing how common interest communities (CICs), housing cooperatives, and community land trusts (CLTs) might be analyzed through a shims approach. Provocatively, emergent governance at the meso-urban scale often leverages idiosyncratic structures of property ownership to produce institutional authority. 相似文献
2.
《Urban geography》2013,34(1):91-94
This study disentangles the relationship between income and real estate value development in Dutch urban neighborhoods. Within the literature on upgrading and downgrading, it is often assumed that neighborhood income and real estate value development are strongly linked. The results reported here—based on research in Amsterdam, The Hague, and Tilburg—indicate that income and real estate values develop simultaneously in only a relatively small number of neighborhoods, which are at the top and bottom of the housing market hierarchy. The majority reveal a more complex relationship: a number of neighborhoods show a time lag between the trends, whereas in other neighborhoods income and real estate values show partially diverging trends. Several tentative explanations are offered for the complex relationship, and stress the importance of place-specific knowledge. Three points of attention are suggested for further research: understanding the role of household dynamics, the position of neighborhoods within their urban system, and the role of the state and housing associations in neighborhood change. 相似文献
3.
以杭州市为例,采用双重差分法研究城市更新对房地产市场的时空影响效应。研究结果发现： 城市更新在不同阶段对周边住宅价格产生的影响效应不同,项目建设和运营期分别对周边房价产生28.6%和32.0%的推升作用; 城市更新对周边住房价格的影响在空间上存在显著差异,对城市边缘区的提升作用比核心区高23.0%; 城市更新对周边房价影响随着距离增加显著降低,距离城市更新项目中心2.0 km以内、2.0~3.5 km范围对房价的推升作用分别为41.9%、24.9%和9.1%。最后建议政府完善房地产市场微观调控,建立完善长效机制。 相似文献
4.
商品房价格的空间溢出效应是当前学界探讨的重要议题,但鲜有研究基于区域视角测度并对比不同商品房价格空间溢出效应的差异。本文以长三角地区为例,基于GIS的空间计量模型尝试测度商品房价格的空间溢出效应,并进一步对比分析三种商品住宅（新住宅、二手住宅和租赁住宅）价格的空间溢出效应及其影响因素。结果表明（：1）上海、杭州和南京三个城市的商品住宅价格明显高于其他城市,说明其价格与城市的经济（行政）等级密不可分（;2）三种住宅价格均表现为由上海向内陆区域依次降低的空间规律,具有明显的空间等级性（;3）新住宅、二手住宅和租赁住宅价格的空间溢出效应依次减弱,但新住宅和二手住宅价格的溢出效应差别不大（;4）上海、苏州、南通和嘉兴四个城市处于高房价集聚区,该区域商品房价格与周边城市的商品住宅价格存在显著的空间溢出关系（;5）经济基础、消费需求和社会资源对三种商品住宅价格的空间溢出均具有显著的促进作用。 相似文献
5.
中国城镇房价收入比时空演变的多尺度分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
从全国、省级、市级多个尺度,运用空间自相关和变异系数等方法对中国1999~2012年城镇房价收入比的时空演变特征和分异规律进行了系统分析。结果表明：① 中国城镇房价收入比的时空格局演变特征表现出明显的空间尺度效应,国家尺度呈波动上升趋势,省级尺度先上升后分异,大中城市不断升高,且在2007~2011年省、市级尺度下存在较显著的空间自相关,表明近年来中国房地产市场的空间邻近联动性明显增强;② 房价收入弹性分析表明2003~2012年全国大约70%的大中城市居民的收入涨幅赶不上房价涨幅,部分城市泡沫存在的可能性较大,居民住房支付能力不断下降;③ 全国和东部地区省份间的空间差异2003年之前为缩小趋势,之后逐渐增大,中西部省份间差异较小且基本处于缩小态势,市级房价收入比的差异要明显高于省级尺度的差异且呈上升趋势,空间差异的变化存在尺度效应和分区效应。 相似文献
6.
住房制度改革背景下广州市居民居住偏好研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
住房制度改革以前，国家控制着住房的供应，人们没有选择住房的自由。改革后，家庭越来越依靠市场来满足其住房需求，个人购买商品房的比例得以提高。择居自由度的增加意味着住房消费个体差异的扩大，居民住房偏好成为住房市场健康发展的重要影响因素，分析住房市场化下居民住房偏好及其影响因素有重要意义。采取表述性偏好正交实验设计和联合统计分析方法，对处在改革前沿的广州市居民住房偏好及其影响因素进行分析。结果表明：在居民住房选择中，居住区位和小区特征比住房本身更重要；居住小区特征中，居民最关注住房所在区域，老城区越秀和东山和城市新中心天河区成为居民偏爱之地，但不同收入家庭区域偏好有所差异，高收入阶层明显偏好于新中心区天河区，而低收入阶层却更热衷于老城区；住房价格和居室朝向是重要影响因素，居民明显表现出对低价格住房和南向居室的偏好；除此之外，相对较重要的因素还有小区治安、交通和生活便利程度；而房屋类型、房屋布局和物业管理重要性相对较小，但高收入阶层明显比低收入阶层看重物业管理。 相似文献
7.
Anne-Cécile Mermet 《Urban geography》2017,38(8):1158-1181
The emerging literature on retail gentrification has not paid much attention to the link between recent reconfigurations of retail capital (concentration, internationalization, and financialization) and the contemporary wave of “generalized gentrification”. In this paper, I argue that analyzing the strategies of stakeholders involved in sectors other than housing (in this case, the retail sector) should allow us to identify different forms of gentrification intensification. I investigate the case of the Marais – that is, one of the first Parisian neighborhoods having undergone gentrification – by mapping the frontier of retail gentrification over the long term (1965–2011) and at the scale of an entire neighborhood (more than 130 ha comprising over 2,000 commercial units). The key drivers of the process (commercial real estate, new brand development strategies, changing commercial environment, the role of public policies) and its social stakes (displacement/replacement of former stores) are then discussed. 相似文献
8.
轨道交通对其沿线商品住宅价格的影响分析——以北京地铁5号线为例 总被引：15，自引：4，他引：11
以北京地铁5 号线为例,研究了地铁沿线两侧2 km范围内,轨道交通对其沿线商品住宅价格的影响程度。① 通过分析商品住宅价格特性和影响因素,建立了轨道交通沿线商品住宅价格的影响因素体系,包括商品住宅项目距最近地铁站的最短路径距离、距市级商服中心距离、周边1 km内公交站点数、中小学及项目容积率、物业类型等10 个因素;② 通过显著性检验,重点中小学、普通中小学、公园3 个变量对商品住宅的价格影响很小,予以剔除后,构建了影响商品住宅价格的多元回归分析模型;③ 将采集到的193 个项目的有效样本进行运算分析,研究结果表明轨道交通对沿线商品住宅价格的影响最大,并随距轨道交通距离的增加,住宅价格呈指数衰减,至2 km以后,对住宅价格影响不显著。针对研究结果,建议地铁沿线土地利用强度和住宅价格确定时,要充分考虑轨道交通的影响。 相似文献
9.
广州市家庭收入与住房特征对应关系的区位差异性 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以广州市中心区(天河区)和郊区(南沙区)为研究案例,依托2010年中国(广东)家庭动态跟踪调查数据,基于家庭户住房的邻里特征、建筑特征、区位特征、家庭收入等13个指标构建路径分析模型,研究广州市居民家庭收入与住房特征的映射关系和影响方向。在此基础上,采用多群组路径分析方法研究区位因素对“收入→住房特征”的影响程度及其差异性。最后利用方差方程和均值方程,分析不同区位条件下(中心区和郊区)的住房特征差异。结果表明：① 家庭收入更显著地决定住房特征,对邻里特征的影响并不显著;② 区位对“收入→住房邻里特征”的关系具有显著调节作用,而对“收入→住房建筑特征”的调节作用较弱;③ 在中心城区和郊区的内部,家庭收入更显著地影响住房建筑特征,而对邻里特征基本无显著影响;④ 郊区家庭收入对公共交通时间便利性、住房面积、厕所设施水平、拥有住房数量、住房综合条件等几个主要住房特征指标的影响程度大于中心城区;⑤ 中心城区住房的邻里特征明显优于郊区,但建筑特征明显差于郊区。显示出广州市住房邻里特征与建筑特征在不同区位条件下的“互换特征”。 相似文献
10.
长三角一体化区域城市商品住宅价格分异机理研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
城市住宅价格及其空间差异是21世纪以来引起城市地理学者持续关注的热点问题。以长三角135个区县为研究对象,在通过分异度指数测度发现2014-2016年各区县商品房价差异增大的基础上,以商品房单位面积成交均价为因变量,提取16项房价影响因素为自变量,通过逐步回归和地理加权回归进行定量分析。研究发现：高校资源、经济密度、房产政策、经济实力、公共服务投入、高端从业者占比和产业结构7项指标对房价分异的影响最显著,而各因素对区域内房价的影响程度均具有显著的空间不稳定性。进而,提出房价是城市经济、人力、社会和行政等资源丰度的货币化表达,区域房价分异是城市支配资源能力差异的综合反映,其中行政资源在各类资源中占据主导地位。由此判断,长三角各区县房价在短时期内较难实现“俱乐部收敛”,沪宁杭等核心城市与外围地区的房价差距可能会继续扩大。 相似文献
11.
12.
城中村非正规住房在快速城市化地区普遍存在。以深圳市为例,在梳理城中村非正规住房发展演化过程的基础上,探讨快速城市化地区城中村非正规住房的形成机理与管治对策。研究发现,城中村非正规住房的形成与发展是政策力、市场力和社区力相互作用的结果,处于不同发展阶段的非正规住房,各种动力的大小和方向存在差异。在此基础上,提出城中村非正规住房的管治方向与措施。 相似文献
13.
利用社会-人口统计学研究方法,以问卷调查结果为基础,从自置房和租赁房、资助房和商品房两个层面,分析住房产权分异影响因素,研究发现社会经济特征变量与组织变量对住房产权分异都有显著影响,尤其是组织变量对资助房与商品房产权分异的影响更显著.家庭社会经济特征,如户主年龄、婚姻状况、家庭规模和家庭收入对产权分异的影响基本与西方类似.国有单位和工龄长的职工,享受资助房的机会相对较多.目前的住房制度改革集中在住房的私有化和大规模的商品房开发建设上,应更加关注新形势下住房分配的不平等. 相似文献
14.
扬州市住宅价格空间分异的影响因素与驱动机制 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
构建包含20个评价因子、4 个影响因素和4 个预期修正因素在内的城市住宅价格空间分异影响因素评价体系,基于评价因子和预期修正,分别得出单户住宅档次与水平、小区建设档次与水平、区位与生活便利性、周边景观与环境等4 个影响因素强度的得分,并分析其空间分异格局。以2012 年扬州市1305 个小区的平均住宅单价为因变量,4 个基本影响因素得分为自变量,进行回归分析,探索所有住宅及各子市场价格分异的主要因素,并分析其驱动机制。结果表明：① 4 个影响因素强度格局明显不同,住宅自身因素的格局呈现中心低外围高的圈层式分异,而外部作用因素强度呈现中心高外围低、西高东低的扇型与圈层相结合式空间分异格局;② 扬州市总体住宅价格空间分异的核心影响因素是小区建设档次与水平,不同类型住宅子市场的价格影响因素各不相同;③ 扬州市住宅价格空间分异的主要驱动力是特定住宅类型与档次建设的区位指向、特定收入阶层的空间集聚、公共物品投资的空间差异、城市居住用地扩展与城市更新的区位指向。 相似文献
15.
Many Chinese cities are in a transition from industrial to post-industrial urban economies. In this process of urban restructuring, land use becomes polycentric and fragmented. More sophisticated models are needed to estimate the amenity effects of this complex residential environment. This article assesses the relative housing price effects of neighborhood characteristics and accessibility in Nanjing, China. This is achieved with a hedonic price model that incorporates detailed spatial measures, geographical contingency, and a modified version of Alonso’s (1964) general theory of land rent. A crucial finding is that the effect of job accessibility on house price varies depending upon the specific sector of employment. Accessibility to jobs in the public and private service sectors has strong positive effects. However, housing proximity to heavy industries has a spatially nonlinear effect: negative in close proximity, but positive at a larger distance. Second, when we control for job accessibility, access to public transport has an added positive effect. Finally, neighborhood “quality” (defined in terms of nearby amenities) is also relevant, but far less than access to service employment. This research shows that Nanjing’s housing prices are affected by different residential characteristics than those with dominant price effects in Western cities. 相似文献
16.
转型期中国城镇居民住房类型分化及其影响因素——基于CGSS (2005) 的分析 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
转型时期我国城镇居民主要通过市场竞争机制和科层分配体制来获取个人住房,获取稀缺的住房资源的途径和机会的差异在一定程度上反映了住房不平等和社会分化。处于体制转型时期的中国城镇,制度、市场和家庭因素等多重因素相互交织,共同影响中国城镇居民住房选择。以覆盖全国88 个城镇的《中国综合社会调查(CGSS)》(2005 年城镇部分) 调查资料为基础,本文分析了转型背景下中国城镇居民住房类型分化及其影响因素,研究发现：改革 开放30 多年以来,中国城镇的住房自有率大幅度提高,其主要原因从1998 年前的公房房改政策向1998 年后住房市场化政策转变。家庭生命周期、家庭收入、户籍、单位性质、职业等变 量显著影响住房选择,体现市场与制度对住房资源分配的双重影响。经济发达地区由于住房资源紧缺、住房价格高,居民住房承受能力差异较大,工作单位性质、户籍和家庭生命周期变量对住房选择的影响更显著。随着住房市场化进一步发展和住房制度改革的逐步深入,地方政府应逐步放宽社会住房的享受标准,尤其是户籍限制条件;开发商应更关注社会经济快 速转型背景下的家庭结构变化及其对居住偏好的影响。 相似文献
17.
Sophia Maalsen 《The Australian geographer》2019,50(3):315-332
ABSTRACTShare housing is changing. Once considered a form of short-term housing and a lifestyle choice for young adults fresh out of the family home, share housing is increasingly playing a broader role into advanced adulthood. Recent work has claimed the emergence of Generation Rent; however, the reconfiguration of housing experiences is illustrated not only by renting but also by an increase in house sharing and the emergence of ‘Generation Share’ within the renting cohort. We know surprisingly little about share housing and its increasingly important role in housing. This paper draws upon exploratory research conducted on share housing in Sydney, Australia, and argues that share housing as traditionally understood is changing. Share housing has a widening demographic and it is driven primarily by economic factors. Despite this, the social affordances offered by share housing are highly valued. Share housing therefore offers us a unique lens into changing housing pathways and values and provokes us to think of ways to produce more socially, economically, and environmentally sustainable housing. 相似文献
18.
Christopher Mele 《Urban geography》2017,38(7):1084-1108
This article examines the regulation of urban public space through a study of the role of the family unit in past and present urban development in Singapore. Since the founding of modern Singapore 50 years ago, the nuclear family has remained the preferred social institution for state policies and subsequent regulation of education, housing, employment, health, leisure, social welfare and even neighborhood development. Drawing on primary government documents and field work and interviews with current and displaced small business owners on a commercial street in Chinatown, the article demonstrates how a “softer” version of spatial regulation emerged from an intersection of state commercial development policies that favored small, family-owned businesses and the extension of a family-based moral social order applied to the surrounding public spaces. The result is the regulation of Chinatown’s streets and sidewalks became inextricably bound up with the everyday operations of family-run businesses. More recently, state interest in creating an entertainment-based global Singapore has jeopardized this arrangement, as corporate gentrification threatens to displace family ownership of small businesses. 相似文献
19.
Paul Smith 《The Australian geographer》2019,50(2):243-264
Much of the debate in contemporary urban studies has surrounded the provision of affordable housing in capital and regional cities. Master planned estates (MPEs) have emerged as the dominant form of housing in Australia. Master planned estates often include private governance mechanisms to regulate resident behaviour and building designs, improving the sales potential and creating an enhanced living environment for residents. Using case studies of three MPEs this paper explores aspects of the building design codes (BDCs), including their rationale, contribution to initial engagement and resident experiences. It finds that while the BDCs are perceived as integral to improving estate sales and the long-term operation, the developer’s commitment declines over time. The BDCs help to attract new residents by creating predictability. The estate residents are largely supportive of the BDCs and some feel abandoned when the developer’s commitment declines. The results are interpreted through a commodity perspective, which considers how the moments of production, exchange and consumption are inflected through culturally derived notions of home and home-making processes. 相似文献
20.
广州市保障性住房社区居民的居住-就业选择与空间匹配性 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6
从居住-就业区位选择角度出发,以广州市典型保障性住房社区(棠下小区、同德小区)为案例,研究保障性住房居民的居住－就业选择特征及其空间匹配性的群体差异和影响机制。经过十多年的发展,研究小区发生明显的居住人群过滤现象,出现大量转售和转租情况,形成保障性住房、商品房、转租房、原单位房的住户结构。保障性住房住户和商品房住户的居住与就业地的空间关系变化较大,其空间不匹配问题突出,但二者在形成机制上存在较大差异。前者主要因保障性住房供应的政策性因素,使其住户的区位选择与主要就业场所不匹配而引发的,属于被动迁移型空间不匹配现象;后者主要是购买转售的保障性住房的住户,为获取保障性住房的政策性福利而通过市场方式选择远离其就业场所空间而引发的,属于主动选择型空间不匹配现象。私人转租房住户和原单位房住户的居住－就业空间匹配性良好。保障性住房的转租和转售在一定程度上产生了政策性福利的再分配,存在一定的不公平性;同时,居住－就业空间不匹配对相关居民的生活质量也带来一定的影响。因此,需要进一步研究保障性住房合理的空间布局方案和实施途径,优化城市空间结构,在考虑社会公平的前提下尽量解决各类群体的居住与就业问题。 相似文献