共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 390 毫秒
1.
It is well known that the generation of excess pore water pressure and/or liquefaction in foundation soils during an earthquake often cause structural failures.This paper describes the behavior of a small-scale braced wall embedded in saturated liquefiable sand under dynamic condition.Shake table tests are performed in the laboratory on embedded retaining walls with single bracing.The tests are conducted for different excavation depths and base motions.The influences of the peak magnitude of the ground motions and the excavation depth on the axial forces in the bracing,the lateral displacement and the bending moments in the braced walls are studied.The shake table tests are simulated numerically using FLAC 2D and the results are compared with the corresponding experimental results.The pore water pressures developed in the soil are found to influence the behavior of the braced wall structures during a dynamic event.It is found that the excess pore water pressure development in the soil below the excavation is higher compared to the soil beside the walls.Thus,the soil below the excavation level is more susceptible to the liquefaction compared to the soil beside the walls. 相似文献
2.
为了研究近断层地震动速度脉冲及强竖向地震动对风机塔地震响应的影响,以某陆上风电场1.5 MW风机塔为研究对象开展了结构在水平向脉冲型地震动、水平向非脉冲型地震动、水平与竖向地震动组合3种地震输入工况的时程分析。通过3种工况下塔顶位移时程、加速度时程、塔底剪力、弯矩及轴力的对比分析发现:近断层速度脉冲对结构塔顶水平位移、塔顶水平加速度、塔底剪力与弯矩均影响显著;竖向地震动会加大结构的塔顶竖向加速度响应及塔底轴力响应;随着竖向与水平加速度峰值比增大,塔顶竖向加速度响应增大,最大轴力随着峰值比增大而增大,最小轴力随着峰值比增大而减小。此外,增量动力分析表明,采用自接触的有限元模型可以更真实地预测风机塔的失稳破坏机制。 相似文献
3.
地铁车站多采用基于地下连续墙(简称：地连墙)的明挖施工方法,施工后地连墙作为永久结构与车站共同受力。在车站结构抗震分析中,考虑到地连墙可能对结构抗震的有利作用,出于安全储备考虑通常忽略地连墙的存在,但地连墙对车站结构地震响应的影响规律和机理仍有待深入研究。以某典型两层三跨地铁车站结构为对象,基于近场波动有限元方法并结合黏弹性人工边界条件,开展有无地连墙情况车站结构地震响应特性对比研究,揭示不同场地条件下地连墙对车站结构地震响应的影响规律,阐明地连墙的影响机理。研究结果表明：地连墙具有减小车站结构总体层间位移效应,有利于侧墙和底层中柱抗震,但同时放大了顶底板与侧墙连接处的弯矩和正应力;地连墙对结构顶层中柱端部及中跨中板板端的内力和正应力的影响与场地条件相关,坚硬和中硬场地条件下具有减小效应,软弱场地下略有增大作用。上述结构响应规律的原因可归结为地连墙增加了结构侧墙刚度,降低了结构整体侧向变形,但限制了侧墙的弯曲变形,导致结构顶底板与侧墙交接处的弯曲变形和内力增大。 相似文献
4.
为研究强震区跨断层桥梁桩基非线性动力相互作用特性,依托海文大桥实体工程,利用MIDAS/GTS有限元软件,建立了桩-土-断层相互作用模型,分析0.20~0.60g地震动强度下断层上下盘桩基加速度响应、桩顶水平位移、桩身弯矩以及桩身剪力响应情况。结果表明:覆盖层土体对桩身加速度放大作用明显,且随着输入地震动强度的增大,放大作用逐渐减弱;覆盖层对地震波的滤波作用显著,随着输入地震动强度的增大,滤波作用逐渐减弱;上盘桩基达到桩顶峰值加速度的时刻滞后于下盘;随着输入地震动强度的增大,上、下盘桩的桩顶产生的永久位移和水平位移峰值逐渐变大,上盘桩顶产生的永久位移和桩顶峰值位移均大于下盘,产生显著的"上盘效应";不同强度地震动作用下,断层上、下盘桩基弯矩均在上部土层界面处达到峰值,剪力均在基岩面处达到峰值,下盘桩基弯矩和剪力峰值大于上盘桩基,呈现出显著的"下盘效应"。在桥梁桩基抗震设计时,应着重考虑断层上、下盘桩基的差异和不同强度地震作用对桩基承载特性的影响。 相似文献
5.
为了研究强震区桥梁跨活动断层时,桩基在地震中的动力响应,以海文大桥为工程背景,利用Midas GTS有限元软件建立其强震区桩-海床岩土体-断层耦合作用的数值模型,研究不同强度(0.20g～0.60g)的50年超越概率为10%的地震波(后文简称5010地震波)作用下,桥梁桩基加速度、位移、弯矩及剪力的动力时程响应特性。结果表明：上部大厚度松散土体对桩身加速度有放大及滤波作用,而基岩对桩身加速度几乎不产生作用;断层上、下盘桩基础的桩顶水平位移随输入地震动强度的增大而增大,但达到振幅的时刻一致;上、下盘桩基础桩顶竖向位移时程响应都在50 s以后产生永久沉降;桩身最大弯矩截面处时程响应均在40 s以后产生永久弯矩;应重点考虑上部覆盖层软硬土体界面和基岩界面的抗弯承载力设计,及桩顶和基岩面附近的抗剪承载力设计;上盘桩基础按桩身加速度、弯矩、桩顶水平位移等动参数控制设计,下盘桩基础按动剪应力控制设计。 相似文献
6.
7.
基于u-p有限元公式模拟饱和砂土中水和土颗粒完全耦合效应,建立液化侧向流场地群桩动力反应分析的三维数值模型。模型中,砂土采用多屈服面弹塑性本构模型模拟、黏土采用多屈服面运动塑性模型模拟,群桩在计算过程中保持线弹性状态;采用20节点的六面体单元和考虑孔压效应的20-8节点分别划分黏土层和饱和砂层;选用剪切梁边界处理计算域的人工边界,模拟地震过程中土层的剪切效应;应用瑞利阻尼考虑体系的阻尼效应。随后对比分析2×2群桩中各单桩的地震反应规律,结果表明,各单桩的弯矩、位移时程规律基本一致,峰值弯矩及峰值位移出现时刻滞后于输入加速度峰值时刻,上坡向桩的弯矩和位移峰值大于下坡向的桩的反应值。接着通过改变桩间距研究群桩效应,随着桩间距增加,群桩中各单桩的弯矩最大值均出现在土层分界处,且各单桩的弯矩、桩顶位移逐渐增大。最后给出液化侧向流场地群桩效应的基本原因,得出该类场地群桩抗震设计的基本认识。 相似文献
8.
结构截面刚度突变处是地下结构抗震的薄弱部位,为研究地铁车站与隧道连接处的地震响应,本文建立有限差分数值模型,分析地震作用下车站与隧道连接处的薄弱部位、连接处附近的侧墙变形分布特征以及地表沉降分布特征,重点探究埋深、地震动特征以及周围土体刚度对连接处隧道应力的影响。结果表明:连接处端墙底部跨中、端墙洞口的顶部和底部是抗震的薄弱部位;连接处端墙存在对侧墙变形分布、地表沉降分布有一定影响;结构埋深,地震动频谱、幅值对连接处隧道应力响应有较大影响,结构周围土体的刚度在一定范围内对连接处隧道应力有较大影响。 相似文献
9.
Shake table test of soil-pile groups-bridge structure interaction in liquefiable ground 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
<正>This paper describes a shake table test study on the seismic response of low-cap pile groups and a bridge structure in liquefiable ground.The soil profile,contained in a large-scale laminar shear box,consisted of a horizontally saturated sand layer overlaid with a silty clay layer,with the simulated low-cap pile groups embedded.The container was excited in three E1 Centra earthquake events of different levels.Test results indicate that excessive pore pressure(EPP) during slight shaking only slightly accumulated,and the accumulation mainly occurred during strong shaking.The EPP was gradually enhanced as the amplitude and duration of the input acceleration increased.The acceleration response of the sand was remarkably influenced by soil liquefaction.As soil liquefaction occurred,the peak sand displacement gradually lagged behind the input acceleration;meanwhile,the sand displacement exhibited an increasing effect on the bending moment of the pile,and acceleration responses of the pile and the sand layer gradually changed from decreasing to increasing in the vertical direction from the bottom to the top.A jump variation of the bending moment on the pile was observed near the soil interface in all three input earthquake events.It is thought that the shake table tests could provide the groundwork for further seismic performance studies of low-cap pile groups used in bridges located on liquefiable groun. 相似文献
10.
在地下结构抗震设计简化分析方法中,强制反应位移法将土层变形施加在有限元模型侧边界模拟地震作用,反应加速度法将土层加速度施加到整个有限元模型上模拟地震作用,此外还有仅将土层加速度施加到土层模型上模拟地震作用的方法。上述方法均规避了反应位移法中关于弹簧刚度的取值问题,提高了计算效率。本文以1个双跨箱形结构为例,用动力时程分析的计算结果作为校核,分析了强制反应位移法、反应加速度法和仅将土层加速度施加到土体中的简化分析方法在不同侧边距条件下的计算精度,再结合常用的反应位移法,对比分析了4种简化分析方法的误差。分析结果表明:使用强制反应位移法时,侧边距取为1倍结构宽度导致的误差最小,反应加速度法和仅在土体施加加速度的简化方法对侧边距取值不敏感,反应位移法在角点造成的误差最大。 相似文献
11.
Observations of pile foundation performance during previous earthquakes have shown that pile failure has been caused by lateral ground movements resulting from soil liquefaction. The recognition that lateral ground movements may play a critical role in pile performance during an earthquake has important implications for design and risk assessment, and requires that analytical models be devised to evaluate these potential problems.In this paper, parametric studies were conducted to estimate the maximum bending moments induced in piles subjected to lateral ground displacement. The results are summarized in charts using dimensionless parameters.The analyses reveal that the existence of a nonliquefiable layer at the ground surface can affect significantly the maximum bending moment of the pile. When a relatively thick nonliquefiable layer exists above a liquefiable layer, neither the material nonlinearity of the soil nor loss of soil stiffness within the liquefiable layer significantly affect the maximum bending moment. When the thickness of the liquefiable soils is greater than about three times that of an overlying intact layer, soil stiffness in the liquefiable layer must be chosen carefully when evaluating the maximum bending moment. 相似文献
12.
近岸水平场地液化侧向大变形影响因素分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用改进的软化模量分析方法,对近岸水平场地液化侧向大变形进行数值计算,以研究地震波波形和幅值大小、液化、竖向地震动对侧向大变形的影响。结果表明:不同的地震波作用下,即使峰值加速度相同,液化程度与侧移距离也可能有较大不同,表现了土体变形的强非线性性质,但大地震下液化导致的侧移几乎都在米的量级上;计算区域中无液化区时,岸壁侧向永久位移很小,在几公分左右,随水平峰值加速度及不同地震动输入改变不大;计算区域中有液化区时,岸壁侧向永久位移显著增大,且随输入水平峰值加速度的增大而明显增大,其机理是强地震动使液化范围加大;水平竖向两向地震动输入与单独水平地震动输入相比,前者场地液化范围增大,平均增大42%,侧移量增加,平均增加37%。 相似文献
13.
为了研究地震时地面运动加速度作用下高层房屋建筑深基坑支护承压结构的局部抗震性能，针对高层房屋建筑深基坑支护承压结构进行局部抗震性试验分析。采用有限元软件对某高层房屋建筑深基坑工程进行分析，构建高层房屋建筑深基坑支护承压结构有限元计算模型。利用地震模拟振动台，分别输入0.4g、0.5g、0.6g的地震时地面运动加速度，测试不同深基坑施工阶段和插入比地下连续墙深基坑支护承压结构的抗震性能，并研究不同地震烈度对深基坑支护承压结构位移的影响。通过振型分解反应谱法，获取高层房屋建筑深基坑支护承压结构位移以及加速度响应，实现高层房屋建筑深基坑支护承压结构局部抗震性能测试。试验结果表明，高层房屋建筑深基坑支护承压结构的抗震稳定性与深基坑开挖深度、插入比和地震烈度有关。其中，深基坑开挖深度和地震烈度与高层房屋建筑深基坑支护承压结构的抗震稳定性成反比，而插入比与高层房屋建筑深基坑支护承压结构的抗震稳定性成正比，且能够有效提高高层房屋建筑深基坑支护承压结构的抗震性能。 相似文献
14.
首先基于地震作用下地下结构的变形受周围地基土变形控制这一相互作用特征,在反应位移法的基础上讨论两种简化分析方法:一种是将土层变形施加在模型边界模拟地震作用;另一种是将土层加速度施加到整个模型上模拟地震作用。这两种简化分析方法都避免了反应位移法中弹簧刚度的取值问题,提高了计算效率。其次分析不同地震动强度、不同侧边距的计算结果,并用动力时程分析的计算结果校核,分析两种简化计算方法的精度。结果表明:随着地震动强度的增加两种简化分析方法的计算结果都令人满意,使用强制反应位移法时建议侧边距取两倍结构宽度,使用反应加速度法时建议侧边距取三倍以上结构宽度。 相似文献
15.
Previous quasi-static cyclic tests of shear walls, which routinely used an incremental lateral displacement test protocol with a constant axial load, failed to reflect the character of moment-shear force interaction of prototype buildings. To study the effect of the moment-shear force interaction on the seismic performance of shear walls, three identical 2-story shear wall specimens with different loading patterns were constructed at 1/2 scale, to represent the lower portion of an 11-story high-rise building, and were tested under reversed cyclic loads. The axial force, shear force and bending moment were simultaneously applied to simulate the effects of gravity loads and earthquake excitations on the prototype. The axial force and bending moment delivered from the upper structure were applied to the top of the specimens by two vertical actuators, and the shear force was applied to the specimens by two horizontal actuators. A mixed force-displacement control test program was adopted to ensure that the bending moment and the lateral shear were increased proportionally. The experimental results show that the moment-shear force interaction had a significant effect on the failure pattern, hysteretic characteristics, ductility and energy dissipation of the specimens. It is recommended that moment-shear force interaction should be considered in the loading condition of RC shear wall substructures cyclic tests. 相似文献
16.
2022年1月8日门源M6.9地震造成山丹明长城局部破坏。为研究此次地震作用下夯土城墙的动力响应与破坏特征,基于地震现场考察结果,采用振幅等效处理后的记录地震波为输入地震动,开展双向地震荷载作用下夯土城墙的动力响应数值分析,研究不同位置测点的最大位移、峰值加速度与墙体应力分布特征,探讨地震导致夯土城墙破坏的主要内因。研究结果表明：双向地震荷载作用下,墙体位移和峰值加速度(PGA)随着高度的增加逐渐增加,但距墙体底部0.5 m高度范围内PGA放大效应不明显,最大位移、加速度均出现在墙体顶部裂缝位置处;水平地震荷载作用下墙体的地震动响应更为显著;墙体的最大主应力、最大剪应力均出现在有裂缝处的底端掏蚀悬空部位,墙体裂缝、夯筑搭接、掏蚀悬空处应力集中明显;裂缝对夯土城墙的地震动放大效应在一定高度范围内表现为弱化作用,但随高度增加逐渐过渡为强化作用;裂缝可显著增强墙体顶部地震动响应,可能是本次地震诱发城墙破坏的主要内因。研究成果可为古城墙遗址的加固修缮提供科学指导。 相似文献
17.
浮放储罐三维地震反应有限元分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对立式储罐,考虑液固耦合效应、地基与储罐结构的相互作用,采用有限元分析方法,对储罐在三维地震荷载作用下动反应进行了数值分析。分析结果表明：储罐三维地震加速度反应较一维地震加速度反应增加、提离高度明显放大、储罐轴向应力增加、基底剪力与弯矩增大。 相似文献
18.
根据《兰州轨道交通1号线一期工程地震安全性评价报告》所给出的100年超越概率63%、10%和2%的场地基岩地震加速度时程,利用有限差分软件进行地下隧道硐室的地震反应分析。在模型底部施加基岩地震动,设置监测点监测衬砌结构的弯矩、轴力及剪力随时间的变化过程,得到100年超越概率63%、10%及2%工况下的隧道结构地震响应。结果表明:隧道衬砌结构最大弯矩位于拱顶处,最大轴力位于拱顶和拱底处,最大剪力位于上侧壁或下侧壁处;隧道结构内力随着超越概率的降低而增大;以超越概率63%的结构最大内力为基准值,在超越概率10%和2%时,弯矩分别增大1.2和1.7倍,轴力分别增大1.3和1.5倍,剪力分别增大1.5和2.9倍,增幅最大。这可能预示着隧道结构在强地震动作用下会发生剪切破坏。 相似文献
19.
Praveen K. Malhotra 《地震工程与结构动力学》2002,31(7):1441-1457
The seismic response spectrum defines the amplitude of the load, but it does not specify the number of cycles for which the load must be resisted by the structure. The amplitude by itself is not sufficient to evaluate the seismic resistance of a structure, because the structure's strength, stiffness and energy‐dissipation capacity reduce with an increase in the number of load cycles. This paper presents a cyclic‐demand spectrum, which, in conjunction with the amplitude spectrum, provides a more complete definition of the seismic load, hence a way to consider the degradation in strength, stiffness and energy‐dissipation capacity in a rational manner. Similarly to three amplitude parameters (peak ground acceleration, peak ground velocity, and peak ground displacement), three cyclic‐demand parameters are introduced for stiff, moderately stiff, and flexible systems. A design example is presented to illustrate the use of the cyclic‐demand spectrum. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
20.
Seong-Bae Jo Jeong-Gon Ha Mintaek Yoo Yun Wook Choo Dong-Soo Kim 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2014,12(2):961-980
In the design procedure for a retaining wall, the pseudo-static method has been widely used and dynamic earth pressure is calculated by the Mononobe–Okabe method, which is an extension of Coulomb’s earth pressure theory computed by force equilibrium. However, there is no clear empirical basis for treating the seismic force as a static force, and recent experimental research has shown that the Mononobe–Okabe method is quite conservative, and there exists a discrepancy between the assumed conditions and real seismic behavior during an earthquake. Two dynamic centrifuge tests were designed and conducted to reexamine the Mononobe–Okabe method and to evaluate the seismic lateral earth pressure on an inverted T-shape flexible retaining wall with a dry medium sand backfill. Results from two sets of dynamic centrifuge experiments show that inertial force has a significant impact on the seismic behavior on the flexible retaining wall. The dynamic earth pressure at the time of maximum moment during the earthquake was not synchronized and almost zero. The relationship between the back-calculated dynamic earth pressure coefficient at the time of maximum dynamic wall moment and the peak ground acceleration obtained from the wall base peak ground acceleration indicates that the seismic earth pressure on flexible cantilever retaining walls can be neglected at accelerations below 0.4 g. These results suggest that a wall designed with a static factor of safety should be able to resist seismic loads up to 0.3–0.4 g. 相似文献