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珠江口表层沉积物的重矿物分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文研究了珠江口表层沉积物中约200年样品的矿物，着重分析了重矿物的组合、含量变化、形态特征等，把珠江口重矿物的平面分布划为五个重矿物区。综合分析重矿物各方面的特性和搬运、沉积过程后认为，珠江口重矿物主要来源于西、北江，其次为东江、海岸和岛屿的近源积也有局部意义。指出珠江口为现代陆源物质充填的河口湾；其沉积环境控制了重矿的矿物组合、形态特征、含量变化和分区；重矿物沉积形成过程的规律性、可供寻找地质时期的现代的浅海（古滨海）砂矿借鉴。 相似文献
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阐明了东山湾重矿物组合规律，物质来源，自生黄铁矿的富集与形成环境。研究表明，湾内重矿物含量＜１％，来自漳江及周边水系。东山湾西部的沉积环境有利于自生黄铁矿的形成。 相似文献
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滨外砂坝和泻湖互相依存，互相制约，构成统一的沉积体系，具有特殊的相组合和相模式。滨外坝一般形成于坡度平缓、砂质沉积物丰富和波浪作用比较强烈的条件下。以泥沙纵向移动形成的滨外坝，纵向上粒度逐渐变细，分选逐渐变好。滨外坝的重矿物含量较高，以比重大而稳定的重矿物较多，石英与长石的比值也高。而泻湖和浅海区， 相似文献
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本文介绍了锰结核中几种自生、蚀变矿物的化学特征，它们大多数或多或少地含有Ni、Cu、Co,这大概与这些矿物的形成环境有关。 相似文献
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据矿物中包裹体测定成矿溶液成分与参数的可能性等关于矿物（其中包括石英）包裹体中反映介质成分和矿物形成参数的可靠性问题，本文作者之一（１９７４）在实验资料的基础上进行了研究，而后其他研究者也作了研究（１９８２等）。但是至今还有人怀疑据包裹体准确测定矿物... 相似文献
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铁锰结核由于其潜在的经济价值，近年来研究的程度日益提高．至今为止，虽然有许多学者对其矿物组分进行了测试分析（如Easton1986；Boldton等，1988；Meanceau1992），但铁锰结核中锰矿物相类型、化学成分、晶体结构等均未研究清楚．本项研究分析了在海洋环境下形成的初始锰矿物相和铁锰结核矿物的相变及其成因解释，以期为了解铁锰结核的形成和矿物相的变化提供更进一步的参考资料．研究的天然铁锰结核样品是《海洋四号）｝HY4－861、871、881H个航次从太平洋中部7”N－12”N，176”E一178”E采集的．根据结核的形态和产出特征，将其… 相似文献
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已被公认为火星来源的AllanHills陨石（ALH84001）因其含有大量带状、类似地表成因的碳酸盐矿物而有别于其它火星陨石．对这些碳酸盐矿物已有的氧同位素组成研究结果显示，它们似乎是形成于火星地壳中低温（0－80℃）水体中或者是近地表的热液体系中．本文报道了这些碳酸盐的主要元素组成分析结果，这些结果限制了它们形成时流体的温度和成分．我们认为对这些化学组成以及缺少共生的水成矿物的最好解释是，在一次撞击事件中，热的（＞650℃）富＊q流体与超基性宕反应形成了这些碳酸盐．火星陨石ALH84001主要由厘米大小、排成格架的等轴… 相似文献
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本文详细地分析了九龙江口SD03岩心中自生矿物的成因，推断河口区在约10ka,B.P.中历经了河流沉积、湖泊沉积和河口海湾沉积三种沉积环境。在沉积环境演化过程中共形成了10种重矿物组合。 相似文献
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立足样品测试数据,利用空间分析、空间插值、地质统计以及景观生态学方法,深入分析了深圳大鹏湾表层沉积物碎屑矿物的空间分布特征,并使用球状模型对相应半变异函数进行理论建模。结果表明,碎屑矿物分布的Hurst分维数为0.28～0.97,空间几何分维数为1.03～1.72;Moran Ⅰ型空间自相关系数-0.15～0.53。在此基础上,以等值线分布所包围范围作为划分尺度,以Shannon-Wiener信息指数作为度量,得到的矿物分布所反映出的信息量或者富集程度指数为0.88～1.85。 相似文献
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南海三沙永乐龙洞悬浮体组分及其来源 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
三沙永乐龙洞位于南海北部永乐环礁上,水深达300m,是世界已知最深的海洋蓝洞。采用扫描电镜和能谱仪对2016年10月和2017年3月在永乐龙洞从表层到270m的24个不同深度采集的水体悬浮体组分进行了分析,发现悬浮体组分种类丰富,粒度差异大,来源/成因多样,可分为生源碎屑、陆源碎屑、自生矿物颗粒、有机包膜-海洋雪花和人工产物碎屑等5类。生源碎屑以碳酸盐为主,主要来自现代珊瑚礁的松散沉积物,是悬浮体的主要组分。陆源碎屑主要是造岩矿物如石英和长石,以及一些包括重矿物的副矿物,其中细小的陆源造岩矿物碎屑,有可能来自气溶胶沉降,粗粒碎屑可能来自附近琛航岛工程散落的海南岛沿岸海砂。自生矿物颗粒包括重晶石、球状微粒氧化铁集合体和纳米黄铁矿。纳米黄铁矿及其集合体出现在130m以深水体中,是含硫化氢的无氧极端水体的特定产物。有机包膜在生物降解过程中形成,有时包覆多个不同组分的颗粒,常呈片状漂浮在水体中,形成海洋雪花。人工产物碎屑包括多种金属碎屑、微塑料纤维丝和过硫化铅丝。金属碎屑可能来自船只金属部件耗损,微塑料纤维可能来自渔网残余。本文是首次有关海洋蓝洞悬浮体组分的系统报道。永乐龙洞悬浮体组分特色鲜明,对认识其生态系统和沉积记录有重要意义。 相似文献
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南海东部海域的沉积作用和物质来源研究 总被引：7，自引：5，他引：7
1998年在南海东部海域采集了195个表层和24个柱状沉积物样,对沉积作用和物质来源研究表明:(1)南海东部海域具有典型的边缘海沉积特征,沉积物主要由陆源碎屑、生物碎屑、火山碎屑、浊流沉积物组成,沉积作用具有多样性;(2)黄岩岛以北海区沉积物中基性岩组分含量为23.2%,陆源硅铝质组分含量为76.8%,这两种组分的理论计算值与海底沉积物实际分布相一致;(3)由碎屑矿物分析得出陆源矿物、混合矿物、自生铁锰矿物和中基性火山矿物四种矿物组合区,矿物组成和含量差异反映了物源和沉积环境的变化;(4)对沉积物中大于0.063 mm的物质全组分分析表明,生源组分占66.97%,其中钙质生物含量为23.43%,硅质生物含量为43.54%,钙质生物高值区主要分布在水深小于3 500 m的海区,硅质生物高值区主要分布在水深大于3 500 m的深水区;(5)南海东部海域火山沉积作用明显,海底扩张区沉积物中铜、钡、铁、锰、钴、镍、砷等金属物质分布与海底构造和海底中基性火山活动密切相关;(6)对沉积物粒度、物质组成和生物化石组合分析表明北部陆坡区69柱187.5~190.0,287.5~280.0,377.5~380.0 cm,深海平原区149柱157~187,187~194 cm,南部陆坡区323柱280~350 cm在粒度上表现出浊流沉积特征;(7)对锶同位素物源示踪和粒度、矿物的研究表明,北部陆源碎屑向南一直扩散到约17 N,西吕宋海槽是亚洲大陆物质特别是我国大陆物质向南海东部海域输运的主要通道. 相似文献
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南海北部表层沉积物中黏土和碎屑矿物组成及其地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以X-射线衍射仪和偏光显微镜为主要手段,对南海调查区表层底质沉积物中黏土和碎屑矿物组分进行分析和研究,结果表明黏土矿物主要有伊利石、蒙皂石、高岭石和绿泥石,其组合特征在不同区域表现出明显的差异。碎屑成分主要由生物壳(钙质和硅质)、轻矿物(石英、长石为主)和含量低但种类多的重矿物组成。一般认为物质来源是调查区沿岸风化岩石遭受进一步剥蚀后细小组分通过水动力搬运沉积而成的。钙质和硅质生物壳分布受南海碳酸盐补偿深度(CCD)的控制。 相似文献
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Shanshan Zhou Youchuan Li Jianping Li Wenjing Ding Xin Li Weilai Zhang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2023,42(3):138-150
The terrigenously-dominated marine shales which were deposited in the lower Eocene Pinghu Formation were thought to be a potential source rock in the Xihu Depression of the East China Sea Shelf Basin. However, the exceptionally high total organic carbon content (TOC, >6% on average) of the tidal sand ridge samples was not compatible with their sedimentary environment, indicating coal-bearing sedimentary debris may have been transferred from the coast to the ocean. In this study, new sights into the origins and supply of organic materials in the coastal environment were proposed in the neritic organic matter of the Eocene Pinghu Formation. A discriminant model was developed using plynofacies analysis data to pinpoint the source of organic materials in marine source rocks. The discrimination results suggested that marine mudstones were associated with tidal flat mudstones rather than deltaic ones. The biomarker characteristics of mudstones deposited in various environments support this assertion, indicating that the supply of plant materials in tidal flats is the primary organic matter source for the marine environment. The organic matter abundance was elevated in tidal flats due to their superior preservation conditions. Additionally, the lithological assemblage of tidal flats suggests that tidal currents can scour marshes and then transport dispersed terrigenous organic materials to neritic areas. These findings indicate that coal-bearing sedimentary debris was likely transferred from the coast to the ocean, and tidal currents are thought to be the dominant mechanism driving organic matter from the tidal to the marine environment. 相似文献
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对鄂霍次克海东南部科学院隆起区OS03-1岩心碎屑重矿物及火山灰层进行了详细分析。岩心重矿物以紫苏辉石、绿帘石和普通角闪石为主,特征矿物为钛磁铁矿和普通辉石,矿物特征表明本岩心的物质主要来源于冰筏搬运(陆源)和火山喷发。陆源物质大部分来源于鄂霍次克海西部和北部地区,少量来自堪察加半岛冰川携带沉积物;火山物质则来源于堪察加半岛和千岛群岛的火山喷发产物。在岩心中识别出3个火山灰层,各种证据表明火山灰层1与已知的K2火山灰层相同,形成年代为26ka BP;火山灰层3具有明显火山物质与陆源物质混合特征,而火山灰层2则只能通过碎屑矿物的含量特征来判定,外在颜色不明显,已经明显的被陆源物质所稀释。研究表明,碎屑矿物组分参数可以有效地指示物质来源,也是识别火山灰层存在(特别是被陆源物质稀释)的可靠指标。 相似文献
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Quaternary sediments in the Woodlark Basin and New Georgia Sound, adjacent to the Solomon Islands volcanic arc, are hemipelagic.
They consist of mixtures of clay minerals, calcareous plankton (foraminifera, coccoliths, and pteropods), and sand- and silt-sized
volcanic debris. Variations in sediment composition are related primarily to distance from land (the source of volcanic components),
water depth (because of the Aragonite and Calcite Compensation Depths), and bathymetric isolation. Much of the sedimentary
debris is delivered to the basin by turbidity currents and other mass movements; little material is supplied by ash fall.
Sedimentation rates appear to exceed 3 cm/1,000 years in New Georgia Sound, and range from 2 to 4.5 cm/1,000 years in the
Woodlark Basin. 相似文献
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The sediments on the inner shelf of the northern South China Sea, mainly composed of terrigenous fragments, are continually transported herein by streams and floods. The coastal and strait-bottom erosion by waves and currents also contribute to the sedimentation. Under the dynamic conditions of the sea, the terrigenous sediments are differentiated with the coarse debris deposited mainly within the 20 m isobath off Guangdong, Guangxi and the Hainan Island. Organisms thrive in some areas, forming coral-reef platforms, foraminifera sand and shell sand. Chemically-formed clay minerals and various authigenic ones are developed in gulf and outlet areas. The modern sediments, thin in depth, are attributed to the short period of ingression of the sea, and their distribution is controlled by a variety of factors with the sea-level changes dominating. 相似文献
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The characteristics and distribution patterns of detrital minerals (0.063~0.125 mm) in marine sediments provide a significant indicator for the identification of the origin of sediment.The detrital mineral composition of 219 surface sediment samples was analysed to identify the distribution of sediments within the western Philippine Sea. The area can be divided into three mineral provinces: (I) province east of the Philippine Trench, the detrital minerals in this province are mainly composed of calcareous or siliceous organisms, with the addition of volcanogenic minerals from an adjacent island arc; (II) middle mineral province, clastic minerals including feldspar, quartz and colorless volcanic glass, sourced from seamounts with intermediate-acid volcanic rock, or erupting intermediate-acid volcano; (III) province west of the Palau—Kyūshū Ridge, the matter provenance within this province is complex; the small quantity of feldspar and quartz may be sourced from seamounts or erupting volcano with intermediate-acid composition, with a component of volcanic scoria sourced from a volcano erupting on the Palau—Kyūshū Ridge. it is suggested that, (1) Biogenic debris of the study area is closely related to water depth, with the amount of biogenic debris controlled by carbonate lysocline. (2) Volcaniclastic matter derived from the adjacent island arc can be entrained by oceanic currents and transported towards the abyssal basin over a short distance. The weathering products of volcanic rocks of the submarine plateau (e.g.,Benham Plateau) and adjacent ridges provide an important source of detrital sedimentation, and the influence scope of them is constrained by the intensity of submarine weathering. (3) Terrigenous sediments from the continent of Asia and the adjacent Philippine island arc have little influence on the sedimentation of this study area, and the felsic mineral component is probably sourced from volcanic seamounts of intermediate-acid composition. 相似文献