共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 546 毫秒
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对于高度非线性、非凸的地下水管理模型,传统优化方法难以找到全局最优解。本文采用模拟退火遗传算法求解地下水管理模型,并从三个方面对算法进行改进:引入小生境技术,采用自适应交叉和变异概率,在选择过程中采用最优保存策略,从而提高算法的全局寻优能力和收敛速度。采用惩罚函数法处理约束条件。用Fortran 90语言编制了计算程序,并通过Schaffer测试函数验证了该算法不仅具有强大的全局寻优能力和局部搜索能力,而且具有较快的收敛速度和较高的优化精度。将该算法应用到某研究区地下水管理中,取得了较好的效果。 相似文献
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针对一般蚁群算法难以求解优化反演中的多维连续参数优化问题,借鉴进化思想,提出随机试验蚁群算法求解多维连续参数全局优化问题的方法。该方法主要运用随机试验求出每个参数的任一水平对目标函数的影响度,以此影响度为蚂蚁选择下一个参数水平的能见度,从而确定参数水平被选中的概率。同时考虑到当参数被划分的水平很多时目标函数收敛较慢的缺点,提出用方差分析法来确定参数的水平对目标函数的影响是否显著,将对目标函数影响不显著的参数水平其信息素设置为很小的值,从而加速目标函数的收敛。通过对一个岩土工程优化实例,表明了该算法的有效性。 相似文献
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遗传算法(GA)与粒子群算法(PSO)分别具有缺乏目标导向性和易陷入局部最优的缺点,但同时分别具有全局搜索能力强与能有效传递优势信息的优点。本文以GA计算步结合精英保留策略作为PSO计算步的优势信息,避免PSO算法陷入局部最优,以PSO计算步结合非精英优化策略作为GA计算步的导向信息,克服GA算法缺乏目标导向的问题,建立了GA-PSO新算法。其具体过程为,通过采用GA计算步对解空间进行全局搜索并对精英个体进行保留,进一步,将适应度较差的个体利用PSO计算步进行优化。基于多峰函数的验证结果表明,GA-PSO算法在解空间中具有更强的全局搜索能力,同时具有更快的收敛速度。将GA-PSO算法应用到冻土非正交弹塑性本构模型的参数识别中,通过模型的参数识别以及模型预测结果对比与验证,结果表明GA-PSO算法能够有效识别冻土非正交弹塑性本构模型的参数,提升了模型的预测效果。 相似文献
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将由单纯形法(SM)与模拟退火(SA)两种算法构成的混合算法(SMSA),应用于求解分析瞬时投放示踪剂情况下的一维河流水团示踪试验数据,估计河流水质参数的函数优化问题。分别就不同的降温指数、内循环次数与新状态产生函数中的扰动系数等算法控制参数对混合算法和改进模拟退火法的收敛速度的影响,进行了数值实验。结果表明,SMSA混合优化算法对于求解估计河流水质参数的函数优化问题是非常有效的。在实验条件下,与单一具有记忆功能的改进模拟退火法的水质参数计算结果相比较,SMSA混合算法具有:①混合算法的收敛速度明显优于改进模拟退火法;②降温指数和内循环次数对SMSA混合算法的收敛速度影响非常微弱;③新状态产生函数中的随机扰动幅度大小对算法收敛速度具有较为明显的影响等特点。 相似文献
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微震定位方法是微震监测技术的重要组成部分,其关键是定位震源位置。利用空间网格划分并计算网格交点目标函数值,对微震定位目标函数二维及三维空间分布进行了分析,并据此获取了目标函数连续且极小值唯一、单轴收敛范围逐步减小、各轴收敛范围不一的规律。利用以上规律及模式搜索法、网格搜索法的优缺点,探索出了基于连续比较模块、变步长模块、加速模块的变步长加速搜索法。通过模拟算例与工程数据下收敛稳定性、结果精确度、计算速度以及参数初始值影响程度4个指标的效果对比,结果表明：模拟算例下,对比模拟退火算法、遗传算法,变步长加速搜索法的目标函数值标准差、定位误差标准差、波速误差标准差均为0;该算法的定位误差平均值分别为其余二者的0.7%、1.9%;该算法的计算时间平均值分别为其余二者的6.9%、33.2%。该算法单独更改各参数对定位误差的影响在0.005～0.025 m之间;减小搜索步长下限可有效提高结果精确度,并增加相应的计算时间。在规定初至到时与目标函数模型及检波器位置坐标下,搜索算法对定位精度无实质影响。 相似文献
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复合粒子群优化(HPSO)算法是一类随机全局优化技术,具有搜索能力强、收敛速度快、搜索精度高的优点。针对水泥粉煤灰碎石桩(CFG桩)复合地基设计中的优化问题,利用FLAC软件自带的fish语言实现了HPSO算法对CFG桩复合地基多个设计参数的优化辨识。该方法从设计参数的随机值出发,以CFG桩施工时所需混合料方量作为目标函数来评价参数的品质,利用HPSO算法规则实现设计参数的进化,搜索出全局最优的设计参数值,从而实现了CFG桩复合地基设计参数的自适应辨识。利用该方法对某工程CFG桩复合地基进行了多参数优化设计。结果表明,HPSO算法用于CFG桩复合地基优化设计是有效的,能在满足设计及相关规范的前提下有效降低工程成本,提高经济效益。 相似文献
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求解地下水逆问题是水文地质学研究的重要内容,传统的基于非线性优化技术的求解地下水逆问题的方法存在收敛速度慢,寻优效率低,易陷入局部最优的缺点。基于模仿生物功能和习性而开发的人工神经网络、遗传算法、蚁群算法、粒子群算法、入侵杂草算法、免疫算法、混合蛙跳算法、人工蜂群算法、萤火虫算法、蝙蝠算法、布谷鸟算法和果蝇优化算法、蚊子算法、螳螂算法、人工鱼群算法、捕鱼策略算法等仿生算法具有很强的优化能力和寻优效率。人工神经网络、遗传算法、蚁群算法、粒子群算法等4种仿生算法在求解地下水逆问题的应用实践表明,这些方法可以按较大的概率找到全局最优解,且收敛速度较快。确定适当的目标函数转换形式和算法参数,其它仿生算法也完全可以用于地下水模型反演。从这些算法的理论和已应用于其它领域的实践来看,仿生算法在求解地下水逆问题中具有广阔前景。 相似文献
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大地电磁反演问题通常表述为目标函数最优化,难点是多参数、非线性和不适定性,局部和全局方法都不能实现快速全局优化[4].针对局部线性方法易使解陷入局部极值,严重依赖初始模型,而传统的遗传算法在优化应用中存在局部搜索能力弱、早熟收敛等问题.这里引进一种求解一维大地电磁测深反演问题的实数编码广义遗传算法.该算法利用拟网格法初始种群和综合交叉策略,克服了早熟收敛现象,从而提高了遗传寻优的效率.理论模型反演与其它方法比较,结果说明遗传算法具有不依赖初始模型,不容易陷入局部极小,多点多路径概率搜索,以及隐合并行性等优点. 相似文献
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张力计的反应时间可用于估算非饱和土的渗透系数,并可作为张力计选型的评判依据。为了更加合理且便捷地确定张力计的反应时间,先通过不同含水量条件下的泾阳黄土、定边黄土以及毛乌素砂土的土柱试验测定张力计的响应曲线,再利用半经验图解法与结合通用全局优化(UGO)算法的数值优化方法来确定反应时间,并探讨了数值优化方法的实用价值及其局限性。研究结果表明,张力计的响应曲线可分为张力计安装扰动段、压力反应滞后段以及稳定平衡段,其中,压力反应滞后段建议采用4次多项式函数拟合,而稳定平衡段则采用线性函数拟合。数值优化计算结果表明,在一般情况下,Levenberg-Marquardt优化法(LM+UGO)、BFGS准牛顿优化法(BFGS+UGO)与共轭梯度优化法(CGM+UGO)的拟合程度高,用时短,但对于数据抖动幅度较大或存在突变型曲线特征等复杂形式的张力计响应曲线,数值优化算法不易获得较理想的结果,此时仍需借由经验判断才能确定合宜的反应时间。 相似文献
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多参数岩体结构面优势分组方法研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在岩体力学和水力学分析中,搞清岩体结构面的分布规律是一项重要的基础工作。当岩体结构面的产状一致,而其他性质不一致时,岩体结构面的力学和水力学性质是不同的,而传统的方法仅根据岩体结构面的产状进行分组,这势必存在缺陷。提出了一种基于变尺度混沌优化算法的多参数结构面数据的优势组划分方法,通过度量结构面之间的相似性建立目标函数,运用变尺度混沌优化算法搜索目标函数的最优解来确定聚类中心,可同时考虑结构面的多个参数,把具有相似性质的结构面归并成组。通过计算机模拟的结构面数据验证了此算法的正确性,最后将此算法应用于实际工程中测量的多参数结构面数据的优势组划分,得到了清晰可靠的分组结果。 相似文献
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This paper develops a novel return mapping algorithm for the numerical integration of general isotropic finite strain elastoplastic constitutive models for geomaterials. The constitutive formulation is founded on multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient. The logarithmic strain measure as well as the exponential approximation of the plastic flow rule is utilized to restore the standard infinitesimal format return mapping algorithm. Central to the algorithm is the exploitation of a set of three mutually orthogonal unit base tensors for the representation of constitutive relations and the corresponding integration of the rate form of the constitutive equations. The base tensors constitute a local cylindrical coordinate system in the principal space, which allows to formulate the return mapping algorithm in the three‐dimensional space and reduce the dimension of the problem to be analyzed from six down to three. With the proposed approach, direct determination of the principal axes and the transformation procedure between the general space and the principal space, as required in traditional spectral decomposition, are avoided. Furthermore, the matrices that are involved in the inversion evaluation take simple forms, leading to extremely easy inverse computation. As a result, the consistent tangent operator can be streamlined into a form simpler and more compact than those by conventional integration methods. Following the formulation of the integration procedure, a numerical experiment is performed to assess the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed algorithm. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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In recent years, a number of constitutive models have been proposed to describe mathematically the mechanical response of natural clays. Some of these models are characterized by complex formulations, often leading to non‐trivial problems in their numerical integration in finite elements codes. The paper describes a fully implicit stress‐point algorithm for the numerical integration of a single‐surface mixed isotropic–kinematic hardening plasticity model for structured clays. The formulation of the model stems from a compromise between its capability of reproducing the larger number of features characterizing the behaviour of structured clays and the possibility of developing a robust integration algorithm for its implementation in a finite elements code. The model is characterized by an ellipsoid‐shaped yield function, inside which a stress‐dependent reversible stiffness is accounted for by a non‐linear hyperelastic formulation. The isotropic part of the hardening law extends the standard Cam‐Clay one to include plastic strain‐driven softening due to bond degradation, while the kinematic hardening part controls the evolution of the position of the yield surface in the stress space. The proposed algorithm allows the consistent linearization of the constitutive equations guaranteeing the quadratic rate of asymptotic convergence in the global‐level Newton–Raphson iterative procedure. The accuracy and the convergence properties of the proposed algorithm are evaluated with reference to the numerical simulations of single element tests and the analysis of a typical geotechnical boundary value problem. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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An extended version of the classical Generalized Backward Euler (GBE) algorithm is proposed for the numerical integration of a three‐invariant isotropic‐hardening elastoplastic model for cemented soils or weak rocks undergoing mechanical and non‐mechanical degradation processes. The restriction to isotropy allows to formulate the return mapping algorithm in the space of principal elastic strains. In this way, an efficient and robust integration scheme is developed which can be applied to relatively complex yield surface and plastic potential functions. Moreover, the proposed algorithm can be linearized in closed form, thus allowing for quadratic convergence in the global Newton iteration. A series of numerical experiments are performed to illustrate the accuracy and convergence properties of the algorithm. Selected results from a finite element analysis of a circular footing on a soft rock layer undergoing chemical weathering are then presented to illustrate the algorithm performance at the boundary value problem level. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Displacement back analysis is a common method to identify mechanical geo‐material parameters using the monitored displacement. How to obtain a global optimum solution in large space search of highly non‐linear multimodal is a key point of optimum back analysis. The paper presents a new back analysis that is an integration of evolutionary support vector machines (SVMs), numerical analysis and genetic algorithm. The non‐linear relationship between the mechanical geo‐material parameters to be identified and the corresponding displacement values of key points is learned and represented by evolutionary SVMs in global optimum. Numerical analysis is used to create training and testing samples for recognition of SVMs. Then, performing a global optimum search on the obtained SVMs using genetic algorithm can identify the mechanical geo‐material parameters. The proposed algorithm is tested by back analysis of an elastic plate and an elastic–plastic plate and used to recognize mechanical parameters of subclay, strongly weathered tuff and weakly weathered tuff of Bachimen slope, Funing expressway, Fujian, China. The results indicate that applicability of the proposed algorithm with enough accuracy. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Efficient reliability method for implicit limit state surface with correlated non‐Gaussian variables 
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下载免费PDF全文 In contrast to the traditional approach that computes the reliability index in the uncorrelated standard normal space (u‐space), the reliability analysis that is simply realized in the original space (x‐space, non‐Gaussian type) would be more efficient for practical use, for example, with the Low and Tang's constrained optimization approach. On the other hand, a variant of Hasofer, Lind, Rackwits and Fiessler algorithm for first‐order reliability method is derived in this paper. Also, the new algorithm is simply formulated in x‐space and requires neither transformation of the random variables nor optimization tools. The algorithm is particularly useful for reliability analysis involving correlated non‐Gaussian random variables subjected to implicit limit state function. The algorithm is first verified using a simple example with closed‐form solution. With the aid of numerical differentiation analysis in x‐space, it is then illustrated for a strut with complex support and for an earth slope with multiple failure modes, both cases involving implicit limit state surfaces. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Practical considerations in the application of simulated annealing to stochastic simulation 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Realizations generated by conditional simulation techniques must honor as much data as possible to be reliable numerical models of the attribute under study. The application of optimization methods such as simulated annealing to stochastic simulation has the potential to honor more data than conventional geostatistical simulation techniques. The essential feature of this approach is the formulation of stochastic imaging as an optimization problem with some specified objective function. The data to be honored by the stochastic images are coded as components in a global objective function. This paper describes the basic algorithm and then addresses a number of practical questions: (1) what are the criteria for adding a component to the global objective function? (2) what perturbation mechanism should be employed in the annealing simulation? (3) when should the temperature be lowered in the annealing procedure? (4) how are edge/border nodes handled? (5) how are local conditioning data handled? and (6) how are multiple components weighted in the global objective function? 相似文献
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Morteza Eskandari‐Ghadi Ammar Mirzapour Azizollah Ardeshir‐Behrestaghi 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2011,35(14):1587-1603
In this paper, forced rocking vibration of a rigid circular disc placed in a transversely isotropic full‐space, where the axis of material symmetry of the full‐space is normal to the surface of the plate, is analytically investigated. Because of using the Fourier series and Hankel integral transforms, the mixed boundary‐value problem is transformed into two separate pairs of integral equations called dual integral equations. The dual integral equations involved in this paper are reduced to Fredholm integral equations of the second kind. With the aid of contour integration, the governing integral equation is numerically evaluated in the general dynamic case. The reduced static case of the dual integral equations is solved analytically and the vertical displacement, the contact pressure and the static impedance/compliance function are explicitly determined, and it is shown that the pressure in between the plate and the full‐space and the compliance function reduced for isotropic half‐space are identical to the previously published solutions. The dynamic contact pressure in between the disc and the space and also the related impedance function are numerically evaluated in general dynamic case and illustrated. It is shown that the singularity exists in the contact pressure at the edge of the disc is the same as the static case. To show the effect of material anisotropy, the numerical evaluations are given for some different transversely isotropic materials and compared. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献