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1.
Glaciers in the Tomor region of Tianshan Mountains preserve vital water resources.However,these glaciers suffer from strong mass losses in the recent years because of global warming.From 2008 to 2009,a large-scale scientific expedition has been carried out in this region.As an individual reference glacier,the tongue area of Qingbingtan glacier No.72 was measured by the high precise Real Time Kinematic-Global Position System (RTK-GPS).In this paper,changes of the tongue area of Qingbingtan glacier No.72 has been studied based on topographic map,remote sensing image and the survey during 2008-2009 field campaign.Results indicated that the ice surface-elevation of the tongue area changed-0.22±0.14 m a-1 from 1964 to 2008.The estimated loss in ice volume was 0.014±0.009 km3,which represented a ～20 % decrease from the 1964 volume and was equivalent to average annual mass balance of-0.20±0.12 m water equivalent for the tongue area during 1964-2008.Terminus retreated by 1852 m,approximately 41 m a-1,with the area reduction of 1.533 km2 (0.034 km2 a-1) from 1964 to 2009.Furthermore,the annual velocity reached to ～70 m a-1.Comparing with the other monitored glaciers in the eastern Tianshan Mountains,Qingbingtan glacier No.72 experienced more intensive in shrinkage,which resulted from the combined effects of climate change and glacier dynamic,providing evidence of the response to climatic warming. 相似文献
2.
《山地科学学报》2020,17(6):1333-1344
Both tillage erosion and water erosion are severe erosional forms that occur widely on sloping agricultural land. However, previous studies have rarely considered the process of landform change due to continuous simulation experiments of alternating tillage erosion and water erosion. To identify such changes, we applied a scouring experiment(at a 60 L min~(-1) water discharge rate based on precipitation data from the local meteorological station and the catchment area in the Yuanmou County, Yunnan Province, China) and a series of simulated tillage experiments where plots were consecutively tilled 5,10, and 15 times in rotation(representing 5 yr, 10 yr,and 15 yr of tillage) at slope gradients of 5°, 10°, and 20°. Close-range photogrammetry(CRP) employing an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) and a real-time kinematic global positioning system(RTK-GPS) was used to measure landform changes, and highresolution digital elevation models(DEMs) were generated to calculate net soil loss volumes.Additionally, the CRP was determined to be accurate and applicable through the use of erosion pins. The average tillage erosion rates were 69.85, 131.45, and 155.34 t·hm~(-2)·tillage pass~(-1), and the average water erosion rates were 1892.52, 2961.76, and 4405.93 t·hm~(-2)·h~(-1) for the 5°, 10°, and 20° sloping farmland plots, respectively. The water erosion rates increased as tillage intensity increased, indicating that tillage erosion accelerates water erosion. Following these intensive tillage treatments, slope gradients gradually decreased, while the trend in slope gradients increased in runoff plots at the conclusion of the scouring experiment. Compared to the original plots(prior to our experiments), interactions between tillage and water erosion caused no obvious change in the landform structure of the runoff plots, while the height of all the runoff plots decreased. Our findings showed that both tillage erosion and water erosion caused a pseudo-steady-state landform evolutionary mechanism and resulted in thin soil layers on cultivated land composed of purple soil in China. 相似文献
3.
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4.
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5.
针对监测结果受测量噪声和多路径等GPS误差影响的问题,提出基于PCA及提升小波的组合算法来提取建筑物结构振动信号。利用PCA空间滤波分离区域站点相关的共模误差,然后利用提升小波变换对振动信号进行降噪,用于提取结构振动信号。以香港某高楼在台风荷载作用下的观测数据为例进行实验,结果表明,此算法有效提高了变形监测的精度。 相似文献
6.
利用振动工程中的模态分析技术,对桩基系统的振动特性进行研究。根据桩基系统的集中质量参数振动模型,对完整桩和各种缺损桩模型的导纳谱进行了大量的正演计算,按照导纳谱特征与桩基的缺损类型及缺损位置之间的对应关系,编制了相应的判读软件DSP1.0系统,实现了桩基完整性以及缺损桩缺损位置和缺损性质的计算机自动判读。 相似文献
7.
无参数高分辨率遥感影像快速提取建筑高度,在城市建设和土地管理中有重要的现实意义。当前的研究多以已知参数的遥感影像获取,但其提取方法受限制条件多。本文提出以无参数高分辨率遥感影像,综合利用单张影像上的特征点所构成的4类特征线换算建筑高度的方法。4类特征线包括屋顶位移点与其阴影点的连线、建筑高差引起的屋顶像点位移、阴影全长和建筑遮挡后的阴影长。通过已知的少量建筑的实际高度和推导出的4类特征线换算建筑高度的计算模型,可对大量建筑进行快速、精确地高度量算。结合南京市的Google Earth影像进行了验证,结果表明,该方法采用的影像易于获得,综合量算方法大大增加了单张影像上提取建筑高度的可操作性,并解决了量算建筑高度时无相关参数的问题。该方法精度较高,可大面积、快速提取建筑高度,在生产实践中有较大的实用价值。 相似文献
8.
地图目标的形状在地图制图综合、空间查询等研究中发挥着重要作用。地图建筑物形状的识别与分类作为建筑物轮廓化简与典型化的基础,一直是制图综合研究的热点问题。目前,主要的建筑物形状识别方法主要依赖对建筑物轮廓的描述,对建筑物等地图面状要素的形态特征有较强的依赖性,通常只在应对特定类型的规则轮廓或直角化轮廓时能发挥较好的效果,对于形状不规则或复杂的情况识别不佳。本文提出一种AlexNet支持下的地图建筑物形状分类方法,将矢量地图中建筑物数据的形状分类问题,转化为建筑物栅格图像的分类问题,通过完成卷积神经网络的图形分类实现建筑物的形状识别。该方法首先结合空间认知规律提出一系列典型建筑物形状类型,然后利用矢量-栅格转换的方法从OSM数据采样单体建筑物栅格图像,通过人工标识获得建筑物形状分类训练样本,训练AlexNet卷积神经网络分类模型,最后利用训练好的模型对大比例尺建筑物数据进行智能形状分类与识别。本文利用北京、香港2个城市的OSM建筑物数据作为样本训练建筑物形状分类模型,并在广州部分城区的OSM建筑物数据上进行验证。相较传统形状相似性度量方法,本文提出的方法对实验区建筑物的识别分类总体查全率提高了2.48%,达到92.32%,对于较为复杂的形状（如T形、十字形）识别也具有更高的精度,查准率分别提高了13.83%和24.53%。实验结果表明本文提出的方法对建筑物形状分类的效果有明显提升,能够实现常见建筑物形状的有效分类,为下一步的建筑物化简、典型化等综合操作打下了基础。 相似文献
9.
针对北斗三号卫星可播发四频信号的特点,提出一种联合3个无几何相位组合和1个伪距相位组合的实时周跳探测与修复方法。首先探讨多频条件下的高质量组合,然后挑选3个无几何相位组合和1个伪距相位组合共同进行周跳探测,并利用LAMBDA方法实时修复周跳,最后采用不同观测条件下的实测数据对该方法的有效性进行验证。结果表明,该方法相比于三频条件受电离层延迟影响更小,可实时探测与修复四频观测数据中的周跳。 相似文献
10.
建筑物沉降观测，是高层建筑变形测量重要项目之一。本文以实测１１＃住宅楼为例，介绍了其沉降监测的实施方法和观测成果的分析；并得出施工阶段沉降变化规律。其结果对验证地基与基础的可靠性，工程结构的设计方案具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
11.
项大鹏 《大地测量与地球动力学》2010,30(Z1)
介绍WYD-1地震仪表系统信息处理机柜的抗震试验。试验利用三维振动台,采用与设备安装楼面反应谱相容的人工时程的多频试验方式,对地震监测系统进行白噪声探查和5次运行基准地震及1次极限安全地震试验,试验验证了WYD-1地震仪表系统在地震载荷作用下能正常工作。 相似文献
12.
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