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磁流变减振驱动器的响应时间试验与分析 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
本文首先通过分析平行平板间磁流变液流变后的非稳态过程，建立了磁流变减振驱动器响应时间的计算理论。分析表明，磁流变减振驱动器响应时间的主要影响因素是流体的动力粘度和活塞与缸体的间隙，而与流变液的剪切屈服强度和活塞两端的压差无关，利用此理论初步估计的磁流变减振驱动器的响应时间为毫秒级。其次，通过瞬间改变输入电流，进行了磁流变减振驱动器阻尼力响应时间试验。试验结果表明，磁流变减振驱动器的响应时间为百毫秒级，远远大于理论值。最后，计算分析表明，液体气泡的存在延缓了减振驱动器的响应时间。 相似文献
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油罐间隙式粘滞阻尼器理论与性能试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文首先研究了双出杆油罐间隙式粘滞阻尼器的构造,讨论了不同类型粘滞流体的特性、然后,在幂律流体本构关系的基础上,建立了粘滞阻尼器的阻尼力计算模型;最后,设计制作 了两个粘滞阻尼器,进行了详细的性能试验,通过试验结果的统计分析,得到了阻尼力计算模型的幂指数。 相似文献
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油缸间隙式粘滞阻尼器理论与性能试验 总被引：22，自引：2，他引：20
本文首先研究了双出杆油缸间隙式粘滞阻尼器的构造,讨论了不同类型粘滞流体的特性;;然后,在幂律流体本构关系的基础上,建立了粘滞阻尼器的阻尼力计算模型;;最后,设计制作了两个粘滞阻尼器,进行了详细的性能试验,通过试验结果的统计分析,得到了阻尼力计算模型的幂指数。 相似文献
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可调滞回模型的磁流变阻尼器及其试验 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文在现在磁流变阴尼器性能研究的基础上，提出了可调滞回模型的磁流变阻尼器及其试验方法，并进行理论、试验及算例分析。首先，根据恒定电流下磁流变阻尼器的阻尼力滞力特性，利用磁流变材料特性的电流（即磁场）可控特点，建立了变电流下的阻尼力滞回模型；其次，在中通过电路板控制外加电流与装置变形间的函数关系，实现了变电流调节的阻尼力滞回模型；最后，将磁流变阻尼器与橡胶隔震装置结合，形成智能磁流变隔夺装置，并对一个单自由度隔震结构进行了数值仿真分析。 相似文献
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磁流变阻尼器的构造设计及其阻尼力性能的试验研究 总被引：21，自引：2，他引：21
本文根据磁流变液的材料特点和磁路设计原则，设计并制作了一个双出 杆的剪切阀式磁流阻尼器，在伺服试验机上对所设计制作的磁流变阻尼器的阻尼力性能进行了试验研究，并分析了影响阻尼力的各种因素。结果表明：所设计制作的磁流变阻尼器具有一定的剩磁，但剩磁对阻尼力可调系数的影响很小；所设计制作的磁流变阻尼器能够达到的最大阻尼力和阻尼力可调系数都很理想。由此得出结论，本文所设计制作的磁流变阻尼器具有卓越的阻尼性能，可在土木工程结构的半主动振动控制设计中加以推广和应用。 相似文献
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油缸孔隙式粘滞阻尼器理论与性能试验 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
首先研究了双出杆油缸孔隙式粘滞阻尼器的构造,讨论了不同类型粘滞流体的特性;然后,在幂律流体本构关系的基础上,建立了相应粘滞阻尼器阻尼力计算模型;设计制作了一个油缸孔隙式粘滞阻尼器,并进行了详细的性能试验,通过试验结果的统计分析,得到了阻尼力计算的方法。 相似文献
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针对防震、航空航天、野战军械等领域对能源的限制,以及车辆减振中对阻尼器拉压行程不同阻尼力大小的要求,设计制作了一个无源自适应磁流变阻尼器。该阻尼器采用磁致伸缩逆效应及磁流变液的特性,把负载力的变化转化为磁流变液间隙处磁场的变化,解决了常规的磁流变阻尼器需要外配能源装置及控制电路的问题。对该阻尼器进行了建模,并进行了阻尼特性试验,结果表明:试验数据与模型符合得较好,阻尼力大小和负载有关,拉力越大,阻尼力越大,压力越大,阻尼力越小,具有负载自适应的特点,验证了设计的可行性。 相似文献
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高阶单步法控制MR智能隔震系统的试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
高阶单步法已成功地应用于结构非线性分析及考虑时滞的主动控制等，显示了它的稳定、精度高和计算迅速等特点。磁流变阻尼器是一种性能优良的智能阻尼器，它具有阻尼力可调范围宽、响应迅速且所需能量很少的特点。本文将磁流变（MR）阻尼器与普通橡胶隔震支座相结合，采用高阶单步算法和两种控制策略对结构进行振动控制。数值模拟分析与振动台试验结果表明：由MR阻尼器提供可调阻尼力的智能隔震控制系统能有效克服被动隔震最优控制频带窄的缺点，对较宽频域范围不同大小的地震激励均能提供最优控制。同时也表明该控制算法是一种能用于结构实际控制的变阻尼有效算法。 相似文献
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阐述了大吨位双出杆粘滞阻尼器开发的数值与实验研究结果.基于硅油的幂律特性,通过对硅油介质的流态分析,介绍了非牛顿幂律流体模型对粘滞阻尼器耗能和阻尼出力的影响,与粘滞阻尼器的分析模型和计算公式.在商用流体软件平台上利用动网格技术对样品粘滞阻尼器阻尼出力进行了计算;综合实验研究结果,最终确定了大吨位土木用粘滞阻尼器设计的经验方法.另一方面,实验曲线和数值曲线基本吻和,验证了通过数值手段对粘滞阻尼器的出力特性进行预分析,从而提高开发精度、指导产品设计和缩短产品的开发周期的可行性. 相似文献
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M. N. French R. L. Bras W. F. Krajewski 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1992,6(1):27-45
A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities. 相似文献
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Gtz Schroth Luciana Ferreira Da Silva Marc‐Andree Wolf Wenceslau Geraldes Teixeira Wolfgang Zech 《水文研究》1999,13(10):1423-1436
The partitioning of rain water into throughfall, stemflow and interception loss when passing through plant canopies depends on properties of the respective plant species, such as leaf area and branch angles. In heterogeneous vegetation, such as tropical forest or polycultural systems, the presence of different plant species may consequently result in a mosaic of situations with respect to quantity and quality of water inputs into the soil. As these processes influence not only the water availability for the plants, but also water infiltration and nutrient leaching, the understanding of plant effects on the repartitioning of rain water may help in the optimization of land use systems and management practices. We measured throughfall and stemflow in a perennial polyculture (multi‐strata agroforestry), monocultures of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) for fruit and for palmito, a monoculture of cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum), spontaneous fallow and primary forest during one year in central Amazonia, Brazil. The effect on rain water partitioning was measured separately for four useful tree species in the polyculture and for two tree species in the primary forest. Throughfall at two stem distances, and stemflow, differed significantly between tree species, resulting in pronounced spatial patterns of water input into the soil in the polyculture system. For two tree species, peach palm for fruit (Bactris gasipaes) and Brazil nut trees (Bertholletia excelsa), the water input into the soil near the stem was significantly higher than the open‐area rainfall. This could lead to increased nutrient leaching when fertilizer is applied close to the stem of these trees. In the primary forest, such spatial patterns could also be detected, with significantly higher water input near a palm (Oenocarpus bacaba) than near a dicotyledonous tree species (Eschweilera sp.). Interception losses were 6·4% in the polyculture, 13·9 and 12·3% in the peach palm monocultures for fruit and for palmito, respectively, 0·5% in the cupuaçu monoculture and 3·1% in the fallow. With more than 20% of the open‐area rainfall, the highest stemflow contributions to the water input into the soil were measured in the palm monocultures and in the fallow. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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M. A. Kahn 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2000,28(2):95-101
Red tide, a recurrent phenomenon has become conspicuous in several Kashmir lake ecosystems since 1991. The responsible organism (Euglena pedunculata), a rare flagellate rediscovered in the Kashmir Himalaya (Khan 1993) caused first and unprecedented red tide outbreak, constituting a maximum of 96% of resident numerical phytoplankton density in Dal Lake. At present, conflicting hypotheses exist on the generation of causal assemblage(s) imparting redness to waters: Jeeji Bai (1991) linked its origin to acid precipitation – a fallout of burning oil‐fields during the Gulf War – whilst Khan (1993) holds local factor(s) responsible. Field/experimental studies support the latter contention that the influx of untreated sewage, in unison with warm temperatures, high levels of PhAR, iron and interruption to hydrological flow‐pattern together with absence/or reduction in grazing activity created conducive environmental milieu for red tide outbreak. Dal Lake “red tide” drifted the bloom‐inoculum to other waters, including Lake Wular, where additional ecological niches were carved out, threatening the aesthetic value and biological diversity of Kashmir lakes. Ecological monitoring indicates frequent seasonal red tide occurrence in Dal Lake (including summer‐autumn event of 1998) which testifies its unabated eutrophication status. Further studies are needed on ecological adaptability and biogeographic distribution of this rare and unique red tide‐causing flagellate. 相似文献