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1.
日食为射电天文提供了一维高空间分辨率太阳射电观测机会．日食射电观测在太阳射电物理的发展上起过重要的作用．文中对日食射电观测的若干重要因素作了介绍和分析．日食射电观测在我国太阳射电天文发展上也起了重要作用．文中简要介绍了在我国组织观测的1958年、1968年、1980年及1987年的太阳射电日食观测及其主要结果．  相似文献   

2.
太阳振荡研究现已成为研究太阳内部性质的新手段,也成为检验太阳模型构造时输入物理参量的最重要工具。90年代以来理论与观测日震频率的差别已随输入物理参量及太阳振荡理论的改进而大为减小,可是现有的差别仍远大于观测误差。由日震反演可对太阳内部对流区、表面氦丰度及自转随纬度和径向的分布都有更多了解。太阳振荡的湍动随机激发及激发源的位置都已得到研究,不过现在问题还未完全解决。今后一方面要探测更多的振动方式,另一方面也需要解决不同观测者得到的结果存在系统差的问题,而最外层的非绝热现象及理论与观测存在差别仍是最关键的难题。  相似文献   

3.
北京天文台对FFS事件的观测研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
从观测手段和取得的资料两个方面,评价了两个太阳峰年中北京天文台所观测到的太阳射电爆发中毫秒级快速精细结构（FFS）的观测结果．估计了新的观测仪器在第23周峰年将取得的观测结果．也讨论了在观测研究中值得重视的一些问题．  相似文献   

4.
扼要地介绍了色球和日冕加热问题的研究历史。随着空间太阳观测技术的进步，人们认识到色球和日冕加热机制主要与MHD过程有关。因此，在本文中着重介绍四种MHD色球和日冕加热机制：（1）阿尔芬波；（2）MHD湍动；（3）场向电流；（4）磁重联。由于这四种加热机制的有效性都需要通过高分辨率观测来判定，所以空间太阳观测对于研究色球和日冕加热问题具有重大意义。  相似文献   

5.
太阳模型的研究是了解太阳整体结构和性质的极为重要的手段。90年代以来太阳模型研究取得了进展。随着MHD及OPAL物态方程的引入,理论上的太阳振荡频率与观测值的差别已大为减小,而考虑湍流频谱分布的局域对流理论和三维流体动力学模拟结果可对太阳内部对流能量传输过程有更深刻的理解．以前所发现的理论模型与反演结果得到的初始氦丰度的差别已能由扩散过程加以解释,而太阳表面锂丰度亏损问题也可以由扩散过程或早期演化星风来加以解决,太阳中微子问题则似应由粒子物理而不是天体物理来解决。  相似文献   

6.
在分析了近年来对太阳射电爆发与高能质子观测的基础上指出，既非II型也非米波IV型而是强微波爆发几乎总是同高能质子共生的；这一结果否定了以前长期所持的观点。同高能质子共生的微波爆发可分成两类：强脉冲型和强微波IV型，前者共生的被俘质子或相互作用质子要多于逃逸质子，后者则常共生有更多的逃逸质子．作者对每种情况中质子的有效加速过程进行了考虑，并对强微波爆发为何几乎总是有高能质子共生的缘由作了解释．  相似文献   

7.
本文介绍了为将已有的日食光谱仪主要部件用于1997年漠河日全食光谱观测而做的三种仪器设计方案,涉及定天镜位置、成象系统和光谱仪的光路安排。并与1983年日全食的情况对比,讨论其可行性及对观测和结果的影响。最后根据实际情况决定了观测采用的方案。  相似文献   

8.
方成 《天文学进展》1989,7(4):265-275
本文就近年来太阳物理前沿课题中以下5个方面的主要进展作一简要的综述;(1)太阳观测仪器;(2)耀斑物理研究;(3)太阳磁场的观测和研究;(4)太阳上各种振荡的观测和研究;(5)太阳活动周期的研究。此外,对今后的发展趋势和展望也进行了讨论。  相似文献   

9.
利用色球Hα、TRACE／WL、SOHO／EITEuV单色像观测资料及SOHO／MDI光球磁场观测资料，对2003年10月22日太阳活动区AR0484内发生的日浪事件进行了研究．发现：(1)在Ha线心观测上，日浪包含有亮、暗2个分量，这2个分量先后出现而且并不共空间．日浪的亮分量与UV和EUV波段上观测到的喷发具有较好的同时性和共空间性．(2)日浪喷发物质沿着EUV环运动。(3)在光球层，日浪足根处的黑子和磁场有明显的变化．这些观测结果支持日浪的磁重联模型。  相似文献   

10.
马兵  陈玲  吴德金 《天文学报》2023,(3):35-233
与太阳射电爆发相比,通常认为频率较低的行星际射电爆发产生于远离低日冕的行星际空间.地球电离层的截止导致地基设备无法对其进行观测.美国国家航空航天局(National Aeronautics and Space Administration, NASA)发射的帕克太阳探测器(Parker Solar Probe, PSP)是迄今为止距离太阳最近的空间探测器.其搭载的射电频谱仪能够对10 k Hz–19.17 MHz频段范围内的射电辐射进行观测. PSP能够靠近甚至可能穿越行星际III型射电爆发的辐射源区,因此使用PSP对行星际射电爆发进行观测具有前所未有的优势.简要介绍了目前为止使用PSP的射电观测数据对行星际III型射电爆发的多方面研究,包括爆发的发生率、偏振、散射、截止频率、可能的辐射机制和相关的辐射源区等方面的研究进展,并讨论了其未来的研究前景.  相似文献   

11.
简要地回顾了Ｂｅ／Ｘ射线双星２０多年来在红外、可见光、紫外和Ｘ射线波段所取得的观测结果，着重介绍了多波段联合观测对探讨双星间的相互作用如中子星的吸积方式和Ｘ射线产生的原因等方面的意义，对这些观测结果的分析研究，将是人们了解Ｂｅ／Ｘ射线双星的轨道参数和双星的物理参数、建立理论模型的基础。  相似文献   

12.
Alignment is defined as the tendency of the distribution of pointing angles between the major axes of clusters and their nearest neighbours to be more concentrated towards small values for small nearest neighbour distances, whereas the distribution is expected to be uniform over all angles at larger distances. Conflicting pronouncements on the reality of this effect have been published in the astronomy literature. A re-assessment of the evidence for alignment is presented, based on three recently published X-ray data sets. We find that whereas there is evidence for alignment, it is not as convincing as previously claimed. In particular, the scale to which the effect has been claimed to extend seems to have been severely overstated.  相似文献   

13.
We study the chemical and spectrophotometric evolution of galactic discs with detailed models calibrated on the Milky Way and using simple scaling relations, based on currently popular semi-analytic models of galaxy formation. We compare our results with a large body of observational data on present-day galactic discs, including disc sizes and central surface brightness, Tully–Fisher relations in various wavelength bands, colour–colour and colour–magnitude relations, gas fractions versus magnitudes and colours and abundances versus local and integrated properties, as well as spectra for different galactic rotational velocities. Despite the extremely simple nature of our models, we find satisfactory agreement with all those observables, provided that the time-scale for star formation in low-mass discs is longer than for more massive ones. This assumption is apparently in contradiction with the standard picture of hierarchical cosmology. We find, however, that it is extremely successful in reproducing major features of present-day discs, like the change in the slope of the Tully–Fisher relation with wavelength, the fact that more massive galaxies are on average 'redder' than low-mass ones (a generic problem of standard hierarchical models) and the metallicity–luminosity relation for spirals. It is concluded that, on a purely empirical basis, this new picture is at least as successful as the standard one. Observations at high redshifts could help to distinguish between the two possibilities.  相似文献   

14.
High-resolution, time-resolved spectroscopic observations of Z CMa carried out on 1997 January 14–17 are presented. Large night-to-night and hour-to-hour variations in Hα, Hβ and Na i D P Cygni absorptions, as well as an Hβ emission peak, were observed. Variations in the red wings of the hydrogen emission lines were also detected. The high-velocity wide-emission component on the blue side of Hα appeared on January 17. The observations are discussed in the framework of current wind models.  相似文献   

15.
High-resolution spectral data of the Fe  II 5318 Å line in the γ Doradus star HD 164615 are presented. These show systematic changes in the spectral lineshapes with the photometric period of 0.8133 d which are modelled using either non-radial pulsations or cool star-spots. The non-radial modes that can fit the lineshape changes have m degree of 2–4. However, only the m = 2 mode seems to be consistent with the amplitude of the radial velocity variations measured for this star. The star-spot model, although it can qualitatively fit the lineshape changes, is excluded as a possible hypothesis on the basis of (1) poorer fits to the observed spectral line profiles, (2) an inability to account for the large changes in the spectral linewidth as a function of phase, (3) a predicted radial velocity curve that looks qualitatively different from the observed one, and (4) a predicted photometric curve that is a factor of 5 larger than the observed light curve (and with the wrong qualitative shape). Finally, a 'Doppler image' (assuming cool spots) derived from a sequence of synthetic line profiles having non-radial pulsations results in an image that is almost identical to the Doppler image derived for HD 164615. These results provide strong evidence that non-radial pulsations are indeed the explanation for the variability of HD 164615 as well as the other γ Dor variables.  相似文献   

16.
We present the results of a variable star search in a field next to the edge-on galaxies NGC 4565 from the archive data of Beijing-Arizona-Taibei-Connecticut Multicolor Sky Survey. Three new variable stars were discovered. Based on spectra obtained from the 2.16 m NAOC telescope, we identify two of these as RR Lyr stars and one as a special T Tauri star.  相似文献   

17.
An orbital solution for the MACHO*05:34:41.3–69:31:39 eclipsing binary system is presented, based on the published light curve and spectral data obtained with the 2.15-m telescope at CASLEO. Based on these spectroscopic observations, the binary components of this system were classified as O3 If* and O6:V respectively. The radial velocity data along with the published light curve were analysed with the Wilson–Devinney code to derive the following masses and radii for the components of this system:             and     The solution shows that the system is in overcontact, as one would expect from the derived masses and the very short orbital period (∼1.4 d).  相似文献   

18.
The number density of rich galaxy clusters still provides the most robust way of normalizing the power spectrum of dark matter perturbations on scales relevant to large-scale structure. We revisit this constraint in the light of several recent developments: (1) the availability of well-defined samples of local clusters with relatively accurate X-ray temperatures; (2) new theoretical mass functions for dark matter haloes, which provide a good fit to large numerical simulations; (3) more accurate mass–temperature relations from larger catalogues of hydrodynamical simulations; (4) the requirement to consider closed as well as open and flat cosmologies to obtain full multiparameter likelihood constraints for CMB and SNe studies. We present a new sample of clusters drawn from the literature and use this sample to obtain improved results on σ 8, the normalization of the matter power spectrum on scales of 8  h −1 Mpc, as a function of the matter density and cosmological constant in a universe with general curvature. We discuss our differences with previous work, and the remaining major sources of uncertainty. Final results on the normalization, approximately independent of power spectrum shape, can be expressed as constraints on σ at an appropriate cluster normalization scale R Cl. We provide fitting formulas for R Cl and σ ( R Cl) for general cosmologies, as well as for σ 8 as a function of cosmology and shape parameter Γ. For flat models we find approximately σ 8≃(0.495−0.037+0.034)ΩM−0.60 for Γ=0.23, where the error bar is dominated by uncertainty in the mass–temperature relation.  相似文献   

19.
In this paper I will review some recent developments in the field of circumstellar shocks, particularly as they relate to colliding stellar winds. I shall review the basic physics of colliding winds and shocks, and discuss recent developments in hydrodynamic modelling of colliding winds. I shall also report on recent X-ray observations of shock emission in Wolf-Rayet binary systems where high resolution X-ray spectra of colliding wind shock emission is being seen. I will discuss the occurrence of colliding winds to such diverse systems as Wolf-Rayet binaries, pre-main sequence binaries, symbiotic stars as well as the Galactic center object IRS 7, where recent results on interacting winds are yielded insight into the structure of winds in general.  相似文献   

20.
This is the first paper of a series aimed at studying the properties of late-type members of young stellar kinematic groups. We concentrate our study on classical young moving groups such as the Local Association (Pleiades moving group,     , IC 2391 supercluster (35 Myr), Ursa Major group (Sirius supercluster, 300 Myr), and Hyades supercluster (600 Myr), as well as on recently identified groups such as the Castor moving group (200 Myr). In this paper we compile a preliminary list of single late-type possible members of some of these young stellar kinematic groups. Stars are selected from previously established members of stellar kinematic groups based on photometric and kinematic properties as well as from candidates based on other criteria such as their level of chromospheric activity, rotation rate and lithium abundance. Precise measurements of proper motions and parallaxes taken from the Hipparcos Catalogue, as well as from the Tycho-2 Catalogue, and published radial velocity measurements are used to calculate the Galactic space motions ( U , V , W ) and to apply Eggen's kinematic criteria in order to determine the membership of the selected stars to the different groups. Additional criteria using age-dating methods for late-type stars will be applied in forthcoming papers of this series. A further study of the list of stars compiled here could lead to a better understanding of the chromospheric activity and their age evolution, as well as of the star formation history in the solar neighbourhood. In addition, these stars are also potential search targets for direct imaging detection of substellar companions.  相似文献   

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