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《Urban geography》2013,34(4):531-567
Scholars have often discounted social class as a substantial contributor to residential segregation by race, in part as a result of using the dissimilarity index, which is likely to show high levels of uneven group distribution regardless of socioeconomic status (SES), and in part as a result of using limited categories of SES. This study expands on prior research by examining residential segregation between black-alone and white-alone households in 36 metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) with 2000 decennial census data, using both spatial unevenness (dissimilarity) and two types of experiential indicators (exposure indices), measuring SES across income levels and accounting for the presence of other races. Findings show that black households with higher incomes live in neighborhoods with greater exposure and lower isolation than do black households with lower incomes. Additionally, while the dissimilarity of black households decreases with income, unevenness is not as strongly connected to income as are the experiential measures. While race remains a primary determinant of residential segregation, results indicate substantial class differences. 相似文献
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《The Journal of geography》2012,111(4):154-165
Abstract Conventional geographical approaches to the city tend to place the study of urban form and urban space squarely within the political-economic and cultural branches of geography. Geographic pedagogy has tended to assume, therefore, that nature is absent from the city or exists only as a backdrop or stage on which urban economic and cultural activities take place. In contrast, there has been a recent groundswell of interest—originating in places as diverse as environmental activism, environmental history, landscape architecture, and environmental education—in reinterpreting the city as a space intimately connected with nature. This article examines the possibilities for integrating this rethinking of the relationship between city and nature into undergraduate education. Specifically, it outlines the rationale, objectives, and design of a course on urban ecology and examines the benefits and challenges of doing urban ecology as part of geographic education. 相似文献
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Elvin K. Wyly 《The Professional geographer》1996,48(4):431-444
This study analyzes commuting trends in a relatively vibrant setting during the 1980s to determine (a) how labor market segmentation correlates with differences in the spatial dimensions of local labor markets, and (b) whether this link represents a direct spatial effect, independent of earnings, travel mode, and part-time work. I use 1980 and 1990 PUMS data to analyze changes in racial and gender divisions in the workforce, and I develop an estimate of work trip distance to adjust for different travel modes. For all groups except white men, employment in a job “typical” of one's gender and racial group is associated with more localized commutes, but this effect is strongly mediated by variations in earnings and part-time work. Using a covariance structure model to control for these effects, I find no independent link between segmentation and longer commutes among African Americans. Earnings and commute distances remained unchanged over the decade for African Americans, providing no evidence of a purely spatial mismatch manifest in lengthening work trips without corresponding wage gains. The spatial dimensions of an employment mismatch for inner-city minorities are concealed through the replacement of production jobs by poorly paid service work in the expanding downtown economy of a vibrant regional center. 相似文献
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文化/创意产业、创意城市等相关概念辨析 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
自20世纪80年代以来,西方国家的学术界以及政界政策报告中,出现了“文化/创意产业”和“创意城市”等诸多相关概念。本文对文化/创意产业、创意城市及其相关概念的背景、定义作了深刻的阐述和辨析,这既有利于学术界进一步的研究,也有利于各级政府相关政策的制定。我国在积极借鉴西方的理念之时,要注意分清它们的差异,以求合理运用。 相似文献
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Derek Gregory 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2003,24(3):307-326
Edward Said laid some of the foundation stones for postcolonialism, but this project has — for the most part — ignored the pressing question of Palestine that has been the goad for so much of Said's own work. This essay discusses some of the ways in which, in the wake of September 11, the Israeli government of Ariel Sharon took advantage of the so-called "war on terrorism" to ratchet up the dispossession of the Palestinian people. It also seeks to show that imaginative geographies are never merely representations — they are also performances of space — and that, in this case (as in others), they have served to rationalise and radicalise colonial aggression, ultimately through the prosecution of a necropolitics. 相似文献
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安祥生 《地理与地理信息科学》2001,17(2):16-19
山西城市以资源型缺水为主 ,同时存在着污染型缺水和工程型缺水。该文分析城市缺水现状 ,讨论山西节水型城市建设的指导思想和主要任务 ,提出建设节水型城市的对策 相似文献
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新疆绿洲城市空间扩展特征及其驱动力分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
绿洲城市是绿洲人类生产、生活的集聚中心,也是人地关系最为敏感的区域。研究绿洲城市空间扩展及其动力机制对掌握干旱区城市空间扩展规律,因势利导地引导城市向合理的空间形态模式演进,促进绿洲城市的可持续发展具有重要意义。以新疆17个绿洲城市为研究对象,利用1990、2000年和2007年Landsat遥感影像,运用GIS空间分析和统计分析,深入探讨了干旱区绿洲城市近20 a城市空间扩展特征及其驱动机制。结果表明:①天山北坡经济带绿洲城市空间扩展速度与强度较高,东疆和南疆地区绿洲城市相对较低。相对于中东部城市,新疆绿洲城市扩展强度较小,速度较慢。②位于山前凹陷带、山前盆地或地形复杂老绿洲城市分维数较高,紧凑度较低; 平原绿洲城市分维数较低,结构紧凑。③新疆绿洲城市空间扩展的主要驱动力是人口增长、经济发展、交通基础设施的建设、资源以及政策规划。 相似文献
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《The Journal of geography》2012,111(2):50-57
Abstract Predictions of future environmental changes are fraught with difficulties and there are great differences of view as to what is likely to happen in coming years. However, certain environmental changes of the 1980s may continue to accelerate in the 1990s: stratospheric ozone depletion, atmospheric warming, forest die–back, rainforest depletion, African drought and species loss. 相似文献
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国家中心城市是经济全球化的产物,在全球的经济和社会发展中发挥着不可替代的作用,然而关于国家中心城市的内涵与判别标准,目前尚无明确界定。鉴于此,文章在相关文献研究的基础上,系统论述了国家中心城市的基本概念和功能特征,明确了国家中心城市是指那些在全国城镇体系中具有核心控制作用,在全球城市网络体系中具有重要的功能节点作用的特大中心城市;确定了国家中心城市的判别标准,进而构建国家中心城市六元判别指数--经济集聚指数、空间辐射指数、对外开放指数、文化创新指数、管理服务指数和生态保护指数,据此判定了12个国家中心城市,排名依次为：北京、上海、广州、重庆、天津、深圳、武汉、南京、成都、杭州、沈阳和大连;最后,根据判别结果,综合分析各项判别指数的得分情况和12个国家中心城市的优劣势,并指出今后的建设重点,即要特别加强对所有国家中心城市的管理服务功能建设,整体提升空间辐射水平,保证文化创新水平在稳定中持续增长,进一步加快经济集聚功能、对外开放功能和生态保护功能的建设。 相似文献
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James A. Tyner 《The Professional geographer》2000,52(1):61-74
The ‘global city’ concept has captured the attention of geographers and other social scientists. Research focuses predominantly on capital mobility and the important managerial role exerted by cities in the ‘developed’ realm (i.e., New York, London, Tokyo). The mobility of labor is also important and yet has been neither critically conceptualized nor sufficiently analyzed in existing studies of global cities. Using the Philippines as a case study, I examine 1) how global circuits of labor are socially organized, and 2) the extent to which this social organization is spatially concentrated in Manila. In so doing, I reaffirm the critical role played by Third World cities as global cities. 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》2013,65(1):61-74
The ‘global city’ concept has captured the attention of geographers and other social scientists. Research focuses predominantly on capital mobility and the important managerial role exerted by cities in the ‘developed’ realm (i.e., New York, London, Tokyo). The mobility of labor is also important and yet has been neither critically conceptualized nor sufficiently analyzed in existing studies of global cities. Using the Philippines as a case study, I examine 1) how global circuits of labor are socially organized, and 2) the extent to which this social organization is spatially concentrated in Manila. In so doing, I reaffirm the critical role played by Third World cities as global cities. 相似文献
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转型期中国大城市流动人口的身份认同、特征与机制 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5
采用2014年国家卫生计生委“流动人口社会融合及心理健康调查”专题数据,基于流动人口对城市和家乡的身份认同情况,结合多项分类Logistic模型等计量分析,探讨了流动人口身份认同的模式、特征及其主要影响因素。研究发现：①流动人口身份认同分为融合型、同化型、分离型和边缘型,总体上流动人口对流入地的城市身份认同较低;②除了个人因素以外,流动人口的身份认同还受到城市和家乡的双重影响,例如城市住房、社区类型、城市歧视感知、城市行为观念适应、乡愁情感以及家乡土地等因素;③存在从分离型到融合型、再到同化型的衍化路径,但部分流动人口会从分离型转化为边缘型;④ 同化型流动人口的心理健康水平和生活满意度高于其他类型流动人口。基于实证结果提出,在促进流动人口社会融合的制度设计中,需从城乡两个方面同时着手,并积极推进其实现身份认同上的同化。 相似文献
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This article explores the assembling and worlding of cities as both aspirational and evaluative processes in which cities are assembled, compared, and “positioned.” These practices involve the global circulation of expertise, best practices, models, and technologies related to how best to develop and govern cities. From specific examples from the authors' research, it is argued that the two distinct but overlapping notions of assembling and worlding help us conceptualize the contemporary urban–global condition. Building on the article's insights, we end this Urban Pulse with some questions for future global urban studies. 相似文献
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《Urban geography》2013,34(8):707-736
The Residential Security Maps produced under the aegis of the Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC) are often regarded as significant evidence that the federal government was complicit in expanding segregated housing patterns. This paper suggests a different direction for the analysis of the agency's role and the impact of their maps regarding patterns of real estate appraisal and mortgage credit allocations. It is argued that: (1) whereas the broadly asserted relationship between race and residential security areas can be demonstrated, there are important variations that should drive further research in this sphere, including the significance of other demographic, socioeconomic, and housing variables; (2) despite uniform guidelines, the appraisal surveys and assignments of grades by HOLC were not identical across cities; (3) the approaches utilized by HOLC were not identical to those implemented by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), making it unlikely these agencies had a cooperative relationship; and (4) the relationship between grades and the distribution of mortgages varied by lender type and between Philadelphia and Pittsburgh, suggesting the importance of local context in examining HOLC as a public policy instrument and its subsequent impact on racial segregation. 相似文献