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1.
James A. Tyner 《The Professional geographer》2000,52(1):61-74
The ‘global city’ concept has captured the attention of geographers and other social scientists. Research focuses predominantly on capital mobility and the important managerial role exerted by cities in the ‘developed’ realm (i.e., New York, London, Tokyo). The mobility of labor is also important and yet has been neither critically conceptualized nor sufficiently analyzed in existing studies of global cities. Using the Philippines as a case study, I examine 1) how global circuits of labor are socially organized, and 2) the extent to which this social organization is spatially concentrated in Manila. In so doing, I reaffirm the critical role played by Third World cities as global cities. 相似文献
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全球城市技术合作网络的拓扑结构特征与空间格局 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：3
采用2015年PCT专利数据,构建全球城市技术合作网络。利用复杂网络分析和空间分析方法研究全球城市技术合作网络的拓扑结构与空间分布。研究发现：拓扑结构上,全球城市技术合作网络的密度较低,城市节点对外联系强度极不均衡。网络为无标度网络,社团结构明显。空间格局上,全球技术合作网络中城市节点的专利总量和对外联系次数都呈一定区域性,城市节点主要通过全球知识网络获取知识。巴黎和东京无论是专利产出还是合作数量都具有领先优势,对外联系紧密,枢纽性强。网络中城市节点度中心性的空间分布上与专利产出的分布格局基本相同,而介数中心性的分布格局更为集中。 相似文献
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Mary Njeri Kinyanjui 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2016,37(3):418-431
Cities are not homogenous sociocultural entities. The city of Nairobi exhibits the phenomena of ‘cities within cities’ and ‘African city forms’. Social and economic forms of African, western and Asian cities compete for space within Nairobi. This paper refers to the African city form as the ‘African metropolis’, which exhibits the African logic, norms and values in its architecture and human social relations. The African metropolis is made up of slums, urbanized villages, self‐developed urban fringes and indigenous markets. In urban literature, these spaces are referred to as informal or unplanned settlements. As drivers of this African form of urbanism, traders and artisans use the African logic, norms and values in the construction of the African metropolis. The traders and artisans contribute to the African metropolis, by hiring labour and investing surplus earnings, and are bonded into Ubuntu communities of family, friendship and ethnicity. The paper is based on data gathered through a questionnaire survey of traders and artisans. It contributes to urban theory, by showing how less dominant and subtle forces contribute to city‐forming processes. I propose the concept of cultural villages as a strategy for blending African logic, norms and values with those of global urban planning. 相似文献
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香港与珠三角地区历来有着紧密的社会经济联系，研究港资服务业在珠三角的空间布局，有助于发现港资服务业在珠三角不同等级城市的跨制度边界分布规律，并对揭示香港与珠三角之间的服务业合作关系和促进粤港澳大湾区一体化建设具有重要意义。基于1 050家珠三角港资服务业企业POI点数据，运用最邻近点指数、核密度估计法和地理集中指数等定量方法和GIS技术，研究珠三角港资服务业企业的总体空间布局及局部区位特征，并构建了多元回归模型揭示其空间布局的影响因素。结果发现：① 珠三角港资服务业企业的整体空间表现为集聚型，形成了“总体分散，局部集中”的空间分布特征；② 分行业来看，除分配性服务业企业具有空间多中心特征外，其余服务业企业均形成了以广、深为核心的空间分布结构，且4类珠三角港资服务业企业均具有显著的集聚特征，其中生产性服务业企业的集聚特征最为突出；③ 除分配性服务业企业外，其他类别港资服务业企业的空间分布受到不同因素影响，主要包括服务业发展水平和固定资产投资。 相似文献
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Spatial and social transformations in a secondary city: the role of mobility in Sekondi-Takoradi,Ghana 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Paul W. K. Yankson Katherine V. Gough James Esson Ebenezer F. Amankwaa 《Geografisk tidskrift / udgivet af Bestyrelsen for Det Kongelige danske geografiske selskab》2017,117(2):82-92
AbstractExisting research on urban Ghana mainly focuses on processes occurring within the country’s major cities, thereby reproducing a trend within the social sciences to overlook the role of intermediate and secondary cities. This paper aims to address this shortcoming by exploring spatial and social transformations in Sekondi–Takoradi, one of Ghana’s secondary cities and the metropolitan area serving the region’s emerging rubber industries as well as the country’s oil and gas economy. Using qualitative interviews conducted with residents in five of the city’s neighbourhoods, and a modified version of Kaufmann’s typology of mobility, we examine migration into Sekondi–Takoradi, residential mobility within the city and the daily mobility of the city’s residents. The paper highlights how these diverse forms of mobility interact with processes taking place both within and outside Sekondi–Takoradi, most notably influencing and being influenced by livelihood strategies. It is argued that the city and its hinterlands can best be envisaged as a mobile networked whole, rather than consisting of disconnected and compartmentalized locales. The paper thus contributes to broader debates on how mobility shapes urbanization by providing new empirical data on events unfolding in Africa’s secondary cities, and extends existing research by providing a counter-narrative to literature that examines the city and its surrounding rural areas separately. 相似文献
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Rajyashree N. Reddy 《Urban geography》2016,37(1):57-76
In this article, I describe how calculative practices of enumeration and visualization mobilized by policy actors to govern the multiple mobilities of e-waste and its re-materialization as value in the informal-recycling economies of Global South cities have resulted in e-waste being recalibrated as an “urban mine.” To properly govern and fully exploit e-waste qua urban mines, policy actors have developed the Best-of-2-Worlds (Bo2W) model. I show that the antecedent of the Bo2W model is the Clean e-Waste Channel implemented in Bangalore, India’s “Cyber City,” which has retroactively been recast as the first successful implementation of the Bo2W model. While policy actors mobilize Bangalore’s success to boost this model and facilitate its mobility to other Global South cities, I conclude by offering a critical assessment of the Bo2W model for the prospects of informal recyclers in Global South cities and the creation of uneven geographies of e-waste toxicity. 相似文献
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流动性重塑了人地关系，地的再领域化过程可以视为一种跨阶层的垂直流动。20世纪80年代起，中国开始了撤县设区的行政区划调整，重塑了原有的城市行政结构体系。撤县设区是典型的城市的垂直流动过程。在这过程中，县城本地居民的身份政治，以及他们与县城、新城之间的关系亦随之改变。以广州为例，通过研究撤县设区中本地居民与领域空间的关系重构，进而探讨流动性背景下的人地关系变化。研究发现：对于本地居民而言，其身份政治在再领域化的过程中，从旧领域的多数群体转变为新领域的少数群体。这种转变导致本地居民排他策略的形成，并由此形成了新领域中的一个抵抗空间，重构了本地居民、旧领域和新领域之间的人地关系。研究城市的再领域化过程是对地理学探讨流动性的有效补充，有利于从地的视角更深入理解流动性的影响及意义。 相似文献
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网络关联、空间溢出效应与中国区域经济增长——基于腾讯位置大数据的研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
以腾讯公司根据手机位置得到的中国地级及以上城市之间人口流动数据为基础,考察人口流动网络下地级市经济增长的空间关联模式及其演变,结合网络分析方法,测度地级市间经济增长的空间溢出效应。主要结论有：① 符合现实的空间权重矩阵应该是非对称的,且随着互动关系的改变而发生变化。② 人口流动网络等反应地级市之间互动的因素在经济增长空间溢出中发挥了重要作用。③ 基于网络的空间溢出效应是地级市经济增长的重要因素。 相似文献
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基于2003~2015年中国256个地级市面板数据,对城市中高低技能劳动力耦合协调度进行衡量,并就扩大低技能劳动力规模对城市收入水平的影响进行了分析。主要结论为：① 过去10 a间,中国市级层面的高低技能劳动力耦合协调度总体上升,但上升幅度存在显著的区域间差异;② 七大国土区域内部的高低技能劳动力耦合协调度差异不断扩大,表明城市间高低技能劳动力流动正在加速;③ SLM和SEM模型均表明,地市级层面的低技能劳动力比重、城市收入水平和城市规模三者正相关,说明城市经济规模越大,扩大其低技能劳动力比重,越有助于提升城市总体收入水平。 相似文献
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National boundaries and border cities have been transformed globally. This is partly due to neoliberal globalisation, the continuous formation of a ‘borderless world’ and partly to the global ‘war on terror’. Darwin, the capital city of the Northern Territory (NT), is on the northern coast of Australia, bordering its overseas Asian neighbours. Far away from the main Australian population centres in the south, the city grows slowly, relying mainly on Australian government investments, infrastructure, and the incorporation of defence programs in the north. The rise of Asia, as well as Australia's increasing economic reliance on Asia, has created new opportunities for Darwin's growth. The development of Asian economies has resulted in growing global investment in resource extraction in NT. Asia, though, has been seen as a key threat in the modern history of Australia. This national sensitivity is underpinned by the global ‘war on terror’ in which Australia is deeply involved. Australia has tight border control regimes and a growing military presence on the northern border area. This paper examines how these co-existing but contradictory dynamics have reshaped the urban development of Darwin City. The consequential social and spatial patterns are identified and discussed. 相似文献
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Barney Warf 《Urban geography》2015,36(6):927-946
Scholarly attention devoted to global cities has emphasized their economic and political significance. Yet global cities are also deeply cultural and ideological in nature. Contrary to a long tradition of urban studies that views urban life as inherently alienating, this essay argues that the social and cultural diversity of global cities renders them mechanisms for the generation of tolerance and empathy. It opens with a brief review of global cities. Second, it traces the contours of cosmopolitanism as an ideology that fosters respect for social and cultural differences and a wider community of caring. Third, it reviews the empirical evidence of American global cities to make the case that their diversity leads them to generate a progressive cosmopolitan ethnics. It draws on the literature of social psychology, the work of Richard Florida, and indices of immigration, religious and linguistic diversity, homophobia, and voting patterns to substantiate the claim that cosmopolitan values are most evident and deeply rooted in globalized metropolitan centers. 相似文献
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China＇s economic development stage and its spatiotemporal evolution： A prefectural-level analysis 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
As important mechanisms of regional strategy and policy,prefecture-level regions have played an increasingly significant role in the development of China’s economy.However,little research has grasped the essence of the economic development stage and the spatio-temporal evolution process at the prefecture level;this may lead to biased policies and their ineffective implementations.Based on Chenery’s economic development theory,this paper identifies China’s economic development stages at both national and prefectural levels.Both the Global Moran I index and the Getis-Ord Gi* index are employed to investigate the spatio-temporal evolution of China’s economic development from 1990 to 2010.Major conclusions can be drawn as follows.(1) China’s economic development is generally in the state of agglomeration.It entered the Primary Production Stage in 1990,and the Middle Industrialized Stage in 2010,with a ’balanced-unbalanced-gradually rebalanced’ pattern in the process.(2) China’s rapid economic growth experienced a spatial shift from the coastal areas to the the inland areas.Most advanced cities in mid-western China can be roughly categorized into regional hub cities and resource-dependent cities.(3) Hot spots in China’s economy moved northward and westward.The interactions between cities and prefectures became weaker in Eastern China,while cities and prefectures in Central and Western China were still at the stage of individual development,with limited effect on the surrounding cities.(4) While the overall growth rate of China’s economy has gradually slowed down during the past two decades,the growth rate of cities and prefectures in Central and Western China was much faster than those in coastal areas.(5) Areas rich in resources,such as Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia,have become the new hot spots of economic growth in recent years.For these regions,however,more attention needs to be paid to their unbalanced industrial structures and the lagging social development against the backdrop of the rapid economic growth,driven predominantly by the exploitation of resources. 相似文献
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P.J. Taylor M.A. Doel M. Hoyler D.R.F. Walker J.V. Beaverstock 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2000,21(3):233-245
A new evaluation of the Pacific Rim concept is presented. The originality of this test for regional coherence is to be found in the basic units being analysed: cities instead of states. Based on a theoretical framework that identifies world city and world city network formation in terms of the office networks of advanced producer service firms, we use a principal components analysis to analyse a data set of 28 Pacific Rim cities and 46 global service firms. This identifies five main groupings of cities in terms of similar mixes of corporate service firms: a western Rim group; a group of ‘old Commonwealth’ cities; a market communist group of cities; Tokyo as a global city; and US cities as a specific separate group. These results confirm numerous earlier studies that were sceptical of the existence of a coherent Pacific Rim region. However, the particular approach adopted here allows us to identify the Pacific Rim generically as a particularly pernicious construct. We conclude that the Pacific Rim is a geographical chaotic conception. 相似文献
15.
创新型人才作为重要的生产要素,对促进区域创新和竞争力提升具有决定性的作用。高被引科学家作为科研人员的杰出代表,是创新型人才的重要组成部分。本文以全球高被引华人科学家为研究对象,基于履历数据分析其流动,特别是工作阶段的流动特征;运用Heckman二阶段选择模型,对科学家工作阶段流动的影响因素进行分析,探究复合的人口迁移理论在高端人才流动中的适用性。研究发现：① 高被引华人科学家的人才流动轨迹表明,科学家的移动迁入地主要是国内外的核心城市（度中心性较高的城市）。② 高被引华人科学家工作阶段流动主要发生在中国和美国之间,中国城市多为人才迁入地,美国城市多为人才迁出地。③ 复合的人口迁移模型对高被引华人科学家工作阶段的区位选择解释作用明显。④ 高被引华人科学家国内外城市移动选择的影响因素不同,科学家的国内流动受到地理距离的限制,而迁入城市的拉力是高被引华人科学家产生跨国移动的主要原因。 相似文献
16.
Tomasz Kamiński 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2023,44(1):58-74
In a polycentric world, cities increasingly bear responsibility for implementing climate policies. To do so, they establish transnational city networks (TCNs), which produce ambitious imaginaries of the future of cities, such as ‘smart cities’ or ‘resilient cities’, based on ecological knowledge. This paper analyses Southeast Asian (SEA) cities’ participation in TCNs. First, this paper presents city networks operating in SEA. Then, drawing on a case study of Quezon City, this paper shows how SEA cities often position themselves in the network as knowledge consumers rather than (co)producers and prefer to learn from cities in the Global North. This research also shows how TCNs—with limited success—seek to counter this neo-colonial knowledge flow model. The paper contributes to the literature on TCNs, arguing that the ongoing North–South imbalance needs to be addressed if networks are to promote viable models of future SEA cities. Identifying the patterns of knowledge flows inside TCNs, this study argues that networks should assist cities in imagining possible city futures beyond the experiences of the select world and global cities. TCNs should pay more attention to supporting their SEA members in looking ‘outwards’ to comparable cities worldwide rather than merely ‘upwards’ to global and mega-cities. 相似文献
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运用1996—2016年全球各国商品贸易规模的面板数据,借助探索性空间数据分析方法揭示全球地缘经济合作的空间模式,构建空间误差混合回归模型进一步解释全球地缘经济合作的空间机理,得出如下结论：① 全球地缘经济合作存在空间正相关,呈现出“核心-边缘”的空间模式,表现为板块化和多极化的发展趋势;② 全球地缘经济合作的空间依赖性受到生产要素流动与国际分工的传导与驱动,国家规模是地缘经济合作的基础因素,生产要素禀赋是地缘经济合作的内生动力,创新是地缘经济合作的引擎,政治脆弱性是地缘经济合作的壁垒,地缘经济合作的空间依赖性在创新要素跨国流动影响下趋于弱化;③ 中国需在空间上遵循“邻近国家-欧亚区域-全球范围”的三环递进原则,有层次地布局地缘经济资源,在内容上发挥规模优势和要素禀赋优势,强化科技创新国际竞争力,有差异地制定地缘经济政策,在策略上激发地缘经济对地缘政治的渗透效应,最大化地缘经济杠杆作用。 相似文献
18.
中国物流枢纽承载城市货运网络时空演化及驱动机制 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
选取110个物流枢纽承载城市为研究对象,从“点-线-网”全局性视角,动态刻画2007—2016年中国物流枢纽承载城市货运网络时空特征,在此基础上利用空间面板动态数据模型,剖析了其演化驱动机制。研究表明：① 物流枢纽承载城市 “多核心-边缘”空间格局清晰,核心区域范围向西部地区延伸;② 货运联系快速分化,空间格局层级性特征显著,中部地区、西部地区网络复杂性逐步提升。③ 货运联系网络向集聚性稳增长、网络结构趋于稳定、无标度网络特性减弱的小世界网络发展。④ 基础设施、市场环境、信息科技等因素的发展对物流枢纽承载城市货运网络空间格局形成具有正向驱动作用。 相似文献
19.
《Norsk geografisk tidsskrift. Norwegian journal of geography》2012,66(4):238-239
The article examines the role of ‘local paths’ and ‘substrates’ (networks, stakeholders, and human and economic capital) in the revitalization strategies of shrinking cities. Relationships between local stakeholders as well as their initiatives to revitalize declining cities determine not only future decision-making but also the demographic, economic, environmental, and social evolution of those cities. The article analyses two medium-sized declining cities in the old industrial region of Asturias, Spain. After a presentation of the processes that led to the studied cities' rise and decline, their revitalization strategies are analysed and interpreted on the basis of the local stakeholders' role. In these cities, the impact of local factors may largely explain the uneven evolutionary path in each city following crisis in their respective leading industries. 相似文献
20.
从长三角城市群看上海全球城市建设 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
概观当代城市发展的趋势,全球化促进了全球城市发展,区域化正在形成巨型城市区域,地方化使城市集群各具特色.长江三角洲城镇群在我国具有特别重要的地位与作用,也是中国融入全球化进程的首要全球区.该区域城市群发展应该顺应这些潮流,发展全球城市,建设巨型城市区,组建网络城市,规划走廊城市.上海是长江三角洲乃至中国正在崛起的全球城市,从国际资本流、国际贸易、跨国公司总部、金融业及高级生产性服务业、国际交通通讯信息平台等方面看,上海的全球城市已具雏形,但与世界主要全球城市相比差距仍然较大.从长江三角洲城市群发展看,上海全球城市建设必须面临相应的城市转型,主要包括产业结构重构和转移、社会结构转型、城市空间扩展和城市功能的重塑. 相似文献