共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Using the monthly mean NCEP/NCAR reanalysis dataset, the three-dimensional Eliassen-Palm (EP) fluxes of quasi-stationary wave
propagation in the lower stratosphere were computed for each month from November to March for the period from 1958 to 2007.
It is shown that the upward planetary wave propagation from the troposphere to the stratosphere generally occurs over the
northern Eurasia, while their weak downward propagation is observed in Labrador and southern Greenland regions in the lower
stratosphere. Interannual variations of the vertical EP fluxes also have the dipole-like spatial pattern with the opposite
anomalies in the West and East hemispheres which are most prominent in January–February. Significant differences in the interaction
of the zonal circulation of the stratosphere in the beginning of winter (November–December) and mid-to-late winter (January–March)
are revealed. Intensification of the planetary waves’ penetration into the stratosphere in December causes changes in the
stratospheric dynamics, creating the “preconditions” for the stratospheric warming appearances in January, but such a mechanism
is not detected in February. In the years with the cold polar vortex, the “stratospheric bridge” is formed with the strengthening
of the upward EP flux over the northern Eurasia and downward EP flux over the North Atlantic. 相似文献
2.
青藏高原东北侧臭氧垂直分布与平流层-对流层物质交换 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用臭氧和温度探空廓线,结合NCEP/NCAR资料、TOMS臭氧总量卫星观测资料和NOAAHYSPLIT后向轨迹模式资料,通过个例分析探讨了影响青藏高原(下称高原)附近臭氧垂直分布的因子和过程。结果表明,动力过程是影响高原上空臭氧垂直分布的主要因子,特别是中高纬度高臭氧浓度的空气向南入侵会导致高原上空臭氧浓度的升高,影响高原上空臭氧低谷的范围大小和形态;尽管大气化学过程对高原上空的平流层下层臭氧垂直分布的影响并不显著,但是高原上空的平流层臭氧变化与温度变化具有较好的一致性。同时还发现,对流层上层的强反气旋系统,特别是中高纬度阻塞高压的边缘有明显的平流层空气向对流层入侵,从而导致对流层内臭氧浓度的增加。 相似文献
3.
在对逐日气象资料进行纬向谐波分析的基础上, 对比和讨论了2007/2008年冬季强极涡期间和2008/2009冬季弱极涡期间平流层和对流层不同波数的行星波的变化特征, 特别关注强极涡或弱极涡发生之后, 500 hPa 沿60°N和30°N行星波1波和2波振幅和位相的差异, 以及相应的500 hPa位势场的差异, 进而讨论为什么不同的平流层极涡异常会对东亚有不同的影响, 特别讨论为什么同一种极涡异常, 对我国南北方近地面气温的影响会不同。结果表明:平流层极涡发生异常时, 平流层行星波活动有明显的异常。随着极涡异常的下传, 对流层行星波的振幅和位相也有明显的变化, 而且, 对于不同的纬度带, 其变化又有不同, 表现为:2008年1月强极涡发生之后, 500 hPa行星波1波和2波的扰动都向南伸, 而2009年1月的弱极涡(SSW)期间和之后, 1波和2波的扰动都偏北; 在对流层, 强极涡和弱极涡发生之后不但行星波1波和2波的振幅有所差异, 其位相也有明显的不同。特别是, 其位相的差异还随纬度而变化。就同一年(或者说对于同是强极涡或者同是弱极涡)而言, 无论是1波还是2波, 在60°N和30°N附近的扰动相比, 几乎反位相。这样就使得它们的500 hPa 位势场也有明显不同:在东半球, 主要表现为乌拉尔高压和东亚大槽的强度和位置不同。2008年1月强极涡发生之后, 乌拉尔高压和东亚大槽东移, 不利于冷空气向欧亚大陆北部(包括我国北方)的输送, 使这些地区的温度偏高;而2009年1月弱极涡之后, 东亚大槽西退, 利于冷空气向欧亚大陆北部输送, 导致这些地区较冷。对于同一种极涡异常(如2008强极涡或者2009弱极涡)由于南方和北方行星波扰动的位相不同, 对南方和北方冷暖空气的输送也就不一样。所以同一种极涡异常对(我国)南北地区的温度影响是不同的。 相似文献
4.
During a series of flights in the winters 1991/92 to 1994/95 total stratospheric NO2 was measured by means of the DOAS (Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy) technique on board a C160 (Transall) aircraft. In an area covering 60°W to 60°E, and 16°N to 86°N, the total stratospheric NO2 was observed to vary markedly with latitude and season (winter and spring). In the mid-winter Arctic vortex extremely low total stratospheric NO2 (< 3.1014/cm2) was always found, generally larger amounts of NO2 occurred outside the vortex in winter and towards the spring both inside and outside the vortex. This behaviour of stratospheric NO2 can be explained by the denoxification of the wintertime polar stratosphere. Ambient to the vortex in mid-winter however, sudden increases of total stratospheric NO2 by about a factor of 3 were observed. These sudden increases in stratospheric NO2 coincide with a change in the wavenumber 2 of the geopotential height at 60°N, which indicates that most likely the events are caused by planetary waves efficiently transporting air masses rich in NOx from lower to higher latitudes. The monitoring of stratospheric NO2, during latitudinal traverses ranging from the Arctic (80°N) to the Subtropics (18°N) in spring also unexpectedly showed a large variability in total stratospheric NO2 at mid-latitudes. Since photochemistry almost certainly can be excluded, it is proposed that the observed variability may be due to the planetary wave activity of the stratospheric surf zone, known to dynamically connect the tropical and the polar stratosphere. 相似文献
5.
The impact of La Ni?a on the winter Arctic stratosphere has thus far been an ambiguous topic of research. Contradictory results have been reported depending on the La Ni?a events considered. This study shows that this is mainly due to the decadal variation of La Ni?a's impact on the winter Arctic stratosphere since the late 1970 s. Specifically,during the period1951–78,the tropospheric La Ni?a teleconnection exhibits a typical negative Pacific–North America pattern,which strongly inhibits the propagation of the planetary waves from the extratropical troposphere to the stratosphere,and leads to a significantly strengthened stratospheric polar vortex. In contrast,during 1979–2015,the La Ni?a teleconnection shifts eastwards,with an anomalous high concentrated in the northeastern Pacific. The destructive interference of the La Ni?a teleconnection with climatological stationary waves seen in the earlier period reduces greatly,which prevents the drastic reduction of planetary wave activities in the extratropical stratosphere. Correspondingly,the stratospheric response shows a less disturbed stratospheric polar vortex in winter. 相似文献
6.
Observed and simulated precursors of stratospheric polar vortex anomalies in the Northern Hemisphere
The Northern Hemisphere stratospheric polar vortex is linked to surface weather. After Stratospheric Sudden Warmings in winter, the tropospheric circulation is often nudged towards the negative phase of the Northern Annular Mode (NAM) and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). A strong stratospheric vortex is often associated with subsequent positive NAM/NAO conditions. For stratosphere?Ctroposphere associations to be useful for forecasting purposes it is crucial that changes to the stratospheric vortex can be understood and predicted. Recent studies have proposed that there exist tropospheric precursors to anomalous vortex events in the stratosphere and that these precursors may be understood by considering the relationship between stationary wave patterns and regional variability. Another important factor is the extent to which the inherent variability of the stratosphere in an atmospheric model influences its ability to simulate stratosphere?Ctroposphere links. Here we examine the lower stratosphere variability in 300-year pre-industrial control integrations from 13 coupled climate models. We show that robust precursors to stratospheric polar vortex anomalies are evident across the multi-model ensemble. The most significant tropospheric component of these precursors consists of a height anomaly dipole across northern Eurasia and large anomalies in upward stationary wave fluxes in the lower stratosphere over the continent. The strength of the stratospheric variability in the models was found to depend on the variability of the upward stationary wave fluxes and the amplitude of the stationary waves. 相似文献
7.
C. Otten F. Ferlemann U. Platt T. Wagner K. Pfeilsticker 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1998,30(1):141-162
Zenith sky observations of O3, NO2, OClO and BrO are reported, which were performed at Kiruna (67.9°N, 21.1°E) within the SESAME winters 1993/1994 and 1994/95. For both winters large total amounts of OClO were observed inside the polar vortex at twilight, indicating the degree and the temporal variation of the halogen activation of the polar stratosphere. Occasionally OClO could also be observed outside the polar vortex, most likely due to export of halogen activated vortex air masses into the ambient stratosphere. BrO could also be detected in winter 1994/95, with the largest slant column amounts (5·1014/cm2) occuring in the polar vortex in mid-winter. Similar abundances of stratospheric BrO were observed at dusk and dawn, for both, air masses inside and outside the vortex. This observation is in reasonable agreement with previous studies on stratospheric BrO (observations and models) of Wahner et al. (1992), Arpag et al. (1994), Krug et al. (1996), and Lary et al. (1996a,b), but partly in disagreement with those of Solomon et al. (1989), Fish et al. (1995), and Sessler et al. (1996). 相似文献
8.
平流层爆发性增温及其影响研究进展 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
平流层爆发性增温(stratospheric sudden warming,SSW)是冬季平流层大气环流结构的一种突变现象,在短时间内平流层中高纬度的温度、风和极涡都会发生剧烈变化。因此,SSW也就成为平流层大气环流及其变化研究的重要方面之一。在强SSW期间,高纬地区温度急剧升高,西风被东风取代,极涡几乎全部崩溃。SSW极大地影响着北半球对流层大气,甚至整个中高层大气,包括对平流层乃至中层大气微量气体分布的重要影响。随着临近空间飞行平台的研究应用,以及由此而提出的临近空间环境条件的保障问题,作为临近空间重要组成部分的平流层环流变化将更加引起人们的关注。本文就SSW的特征、发生机制、对上下层相互作用的重要影响,以及SSW与准两年振荡、ENSO等的密切关系和SSW的数值模拟等方面的研究工作,进行了回顾和总结。 相似文献
9.
We describe here a DIAL lidar system for atmospheric ozone measurements atAberystwyth, Wales, together witha method for deriving a stratospheric ozone profile from a single laserwavelength. Lidar measurements are used todepict the passage of three mesoscale ozone disturbances in the troposphereand stratosphere. In the troposphere, twosmall fold-like structures are shown beneath and at the edge of streamers ofhigh potential vorticity in ECMWFanalyses. MST radar measurements at the same time show that one of these foldswas actively turbulent, causingmixing of stratospheric and tropospheric air. In the stratosphere, a streamerof low-latitude air drawn into a filamentby a breaking Rossby wave event was observed crossing the lidar site. 相似文献
10.
涡动在南北半球平流层极涡崩溃过程中作用的比较 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
比较了南北半球春季平流层极涡的崩溃过程以及涡动在此崩溃过程中的作用。极涡的崩溃时间以平流层极夜急流核区最后一次西风转换为东风的时间来确定。结果表明南北半球平流层极涡的崩溃过程有着共同的特点,涡动和非绝热加热过程都对极涡的崩溃起着重要的作用,在极涡崩溃前平流层行星尺度波动活动明显,极涡崩溃以后,这种波动活动便迅速减弱。其中从对流层上传的行星波决定着极涡的具体崩溃时间。两个半球的差别主要表现在南半球极涡崩溃过程一般始于平流层高层,然后逐渐下传,而北半球这种下传不是很明显。其次,北半球平流层极涡崩溃偏晚年,极涡的减弱有两次过程,第一次为快速变化过程,第二次变化比较缓慢,而南半球平流层极涡崩溃无论早晚年只有一次减弱过程。长期的变化趋势分析表明南北半球平流层极涡的崩溃时间逐渐推迟,特别是20世纪90年代中后期以来,这种推迟更加明显。进一步的研究还发现,伴随着平流层极涡的崩溃过程平流层和对流层存在强烈的动力耦合,南北半球极涡迅速减弱前,各自半球的环状模指数也由负指数增加为正指数,表明低层环流对于平流层极涡的崩溃起到重要的作用;同时极涡不同强度所对应的低层环状模指数也不同,这可能与不同强度平流层极涡对于上传的行星波的反射有关。 相似文献
11.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2023,16(1):100293
The stratospheric ozone layer protects life on earth by preventing solar ultraviolet radiation from reaching the surface. Owing to the large population in the Northern Hemisphere and extreme ozone loss in the Arctic, changes in Arctic stratospheric ozone (ASO) and their causes have attracted broad attention recently. Using monthly mean data during the period 1980–2020 from MERRA-2, the relationship between the stratospheric polar vortex (SPV) and ASO, along with the relative contributions of chemical and dynamic processes associated with the SPV to changes in ASO, were examined in this study. Results showed that the ASO in March has a strong out-of-phase link with the strength of the SPV in March, with no obvious lead–lag correlations, i.e., an increase (decrease) in ASO corresponds to a weakened (strengthened) SPV. Further analysis suggested that the strong out-of-phase link between the SPV and ASO is related to changes in Brewer–Dobson circulation (BDC). Strong SPV events, accompanied by a low temperature condition and weakened upward propagation of planetary waves over the Arctic in the stratosphere, result in weakened BDC. The weakened downwelling at high latitudes tends to transport less ozone-rich air in the upper stratosphere at lower latitudes into the lower stratosphere at high latitudes, facilitating a decrease in ASO. The BDC's vertical velocity plays the dominant role in modulating ASO.摘要利用1980–2020年MERRA-2资料, 分析了平流层极涡 (Stratospheric polar vortex, SPV) 和北极臭氧 (Arctic stratospheric ozone, ASO) 的关系, 评估了与SPV相关的化学, 动力过程在其中的相对作用. 结果表明, 3月份ASO与同期SPV强度反相关最大. SPV-ASO二者反相关与平流层剩余环流 (Brewer-Dobson circulation, BDC) 变化密切相关. 强SPV伴随的北极平流层低温条件和行星波向上传播减弱, 导致BDC减弱, 减弱的BDC下沉支将低纬度平流层上层臭氧含量较低的空气输送到北极平流层低层, 从而导致ASO减少. BDC垂直速度在其中起主导作用. 相似文献
12.
A climatology of the stratosphere is determined from a 20-year integration with the stratospheric version of the Atmospheric
General Circulation Model LMDz. The model has an upper boundary at near 65 km, uses a Doppler spread non-orographic gravity
waves drag parameterization and a subgrid-scale orography parameterization. It also has a Rayleigh damping layer for resolved
waves only (not the zonal mean flow) over the top 5 km. This paper describes the basic features of the model and some aspects
of its radiative-dynamical climatology. Standard first order diagnostics are presented but some emphasis is given to the model’s
ability to reproduce the low frequency variability of the stratosphere in the winter northern hemisphere. In this model, the
stratospheric variability is dominated at each altitudes by patterns which have some similarities with the arctic oscillation
(AO). For those patterns, the signal sometimes descends from the stratosphere to the troposphere. In an experiment where the
parameterized orographic gravity waves that reach the stratosphere are exaggerated, the model stratosphere in the NH presents
much less variability. Although the stratospheric variability is still dominated by patterns that resemble to the AO, the
downward influence of the stratosphere along these patterns is near entirely lost. In the same time, the persistence of the
surface AO decreases, which is consistent with the picture that this persistence is linked to the descent of the AO signal
from the stratosphere to the troposphere. A comparison between the stratospheric version of the model, and its routinely used
tropospheric version is also done. It shows that the introduction of the stratosphere in a model that already has a realistic
AO persistence can lead to overestimate the actual influence of the stratospheric dynamics onto the surface AO. Although this
result is certainly model dependent, it suggests that the introduction of the stratosphere in a GCM also call for a new adjustment
of the model parameters that affect the tropospheric variability. 相似文献
13.
Observational evidence of the delayed response of stratospheric polar vortex variability to ENSO SST anomalies 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
The temporal and spatial relationship between ENSO and the extratropical stratospheric variability in the Northern Hemisphere is examined. In general, there exists a negative correlation between ENSO and the strength of the polar vortex, but the maximum correlation is found in the next winter season after the mature phase of ENSO event, rather than in the concurrent winter. Specifically, the stratospheric polar vortex tends to be anomalously warmer and weaker in both the concurrent and the next winter season following a warm ENSO event, and vice versa. However, the polar anomalies in the next winter are much stronger and with a deeper vertical structure than that in the concurrent winter. Our analysis also shows that, the delayed stratospheric response to ENSO is characterized with poleward and downward propagation of temperature anomalies, suggesting an ENSO-induced interannual variability of the global mass circulation in the stratosphere. Particularly, in response to the growing of a warm ENSO event, there exist warm temperature and positive isentropic mass anomalies in the midlatitude stratosphere since the preceding summer. The presence of an anomalous wavenumber-1 in the concurrent winter, associated with an anomalous Aleutian high, results in a poleward extension of warm anomalies into the polar region, and thus a weaker stratospheric polar vortex. However, the midlatitude warm temperature and positive isentropic mass anomalies persist throughout the concurrent winter till the end of the next summer. In comparison with the concurrent winter, the strengthening of poleward heat transport by an anomalous wavenumber-2 in the next winter results in a much warmer and weaker polar vortex accompanied with a colder midlatitude stratosphere. 相似文献
14.
2003～2004年冬季平流层爆发性增温动力诊断分析 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
利用逐日的欧洲中尺度天气预报中心(ECMWF)60层模式资料, 对2003年12月～2004年2月期间发生的一次非典型的爆发性增温中平流层结构的变化过程进行动力学诊断分析。充分利用资料层次高(最高层为0.1 hPa)和垂直分辨率高(垂直方向共60层)的优势, 通过对不同高度等熵面位涡分布的分析, 研究了极涡在平流层爆发性增温(SSW)发生前后的变化发展; 通过对EP通量及其散度的分析, 研究了SSW过程中行星波的变化特点; 通过对剩余环流的分析, 研究了在SSW过程中经圈环流的变化及其对动力过程的影响。得出: (1) 2003/2004年SSW增温过程持续时间长、强度大; (2) 增温最早发生在平流层上层并向下传播, 在10 hPa形成较强东风带后, 上层西风环流迅速恢复, 极涡再度形成, 下层则增温持续; (3) SSW前后行星波活动频繁, 有长时间多次的上传, 且以1波作用为主, 2波对其进行了补充; (4) 在SSW过程前后, 平流层中的剩余环流发生反转, 影响了平流层中、 高纬地区和低纬地区的物质交换以及上下层物质的重新分配。这一系列的工作为今后进一步研究平流层、 对流层交换, 发展完善气候模式打下基础。 相似文献
15.
O. A. Syrovatkina I. L. Karol A. M. Shalamyanskii L. P. Klyagina 《Russian Meteorology and Hydrology》2008,33(2):91-97
Synoptic analysis of monthly and daily mean total ozone fields is carried out using ground-based (Roshydromet) and TOMS measurements. Large interannual changes in the evolution of the stratospheric polar vortex and the North Pacific anticyclone influence the formation and dynamics of the winter-spring ozone fields in the stratosphere of high northern latitudes. The analysis shows considerable variations in the direction of zonal ozone transport from the sector of ozone inflow from low latitudes and accumulation in the Far East depending on the winter polar stratosphere temperature and the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) phase. In years with the easterly QBO phase and the warm polar stratosphere, ozone at the end of winter is transported to northeastern Canada and Atlantic. In years with the easterly phase and cold polar stratosphere, ozone transport is directed to northern Eurasia. These characteristics will be verified on extensive observational data. 相似文献
16.
利用1959～2017年ERA40/ERA-Interim逐日再分析资料和国家气候中心的逐日站点资料,针对发生在当年11月至次年3月(NDJFM)的全国性持续低温事件(EPECEs),分析了热带外环流的变化特征,以及平流层—对流层相互作用.结果 表明,全国性EPECEs可划分为冷空气在乌拉尔山—西伯利亚关键区堆积和冷空... 相似文献
17.
本文采用1979—2014年NCEP/NCAR月平均再分析资料、CMAP和GPCP月平均降水资料,分析了北半球平流层极涡崩溃早晚的环流特征及其与南亚降水的关系。结果表明,北半球平流层极涡崩溃时间存在明显的年际变化特征。极涡崩溃偏早(偏晚)年,自3月开始异常信号从平流层向下传播,之后的4月,从平流层到对流层高层极区温度异常偏高(偏低),极涡异常偏弱(偏强),极夜急流异常偏弱(偏强)。结果还表明,5月南亚降水异常与平流层极涡崩溃时间的早晚存在显著相关,5月南亚降水异常与平流层极涡崩溃早晚年平流层异常信号的下传有关。当平流层极涡崩溃偏晚年,4月平流层极区表现为位势高度异常偏低,而中纬度则位势高度场异常偏高,并伴随位势高度异常场的向下传播,5月该位势高度异常场下传至阿拉伯海北部大陆上空对流层顶,形成有利于降水的环流场,导致南亚降水偏多。反之,则相反。 相似文献
18.
Pavel Vargin 《大气与海洋》2015,53(1):29-41
AbstractThe 2009–10 Arctic stratospheric winter, in comparison with other recent winters, is mainly characterized by a major Sudden Stratospheric Warming (SSW) in late January associated with planetary wavenumber 1. This event led to a large increase in the temperature of the polar stratosphere and to the reversal of the zonal wind. Unlike other major SSW events in recent winters, after the major SSW in January 2010 the westerlies and polar vortex did not recover to their pre-SSW strength until the springtime transition. As a result, the depletion of the ozone layer inside the polar vortex over the entire winter was relatively small over the past 20 years. The other distinguishing feature of the 2010 winter was the splitting of the stratospheric polar vortex into two lobes in December. The vortex splitting was accompanied by an increase in the temperature of the polar stratosphere and a weakening of the westerlies but with no reversal. The splitting occurred when, in addition to the high-pressure system over northeastern Eurasia and the northern Pacific Ocean, the tropospheric anticyclone over Europe amplified and extended to the lower stratosphere. Analysis of wave activity in the extratropical troposphere revealed that two Rossby wave trains propagated eastward to the North Atlantic several days prior to the vortex splitting. The first wave train propagated from the subtropics and mid-latitudes of the eastern Pacific Ocean over North America and the second one propagated from the northern Pacific Ocean. These wave trains contributed to an intensification of the tropospheric anticyclone over Europe and to the splitting of the stratospheric polar vortex. 相似文献
19.
Dynamical changes in the Arctic and Antarctic lower stratosphere from autumn to spring were analysed using the NCEP/NCAR, ERA40 and FUB stratospheric analyses for three periods: 1979–1999, 1979–2005, and 1965–2005. We found a weakening of the Arctic vortex in winter and a strengthening in spring between 1979/1980 and 1998/1999, with corresponding changes in the zonal mean circulation. The vortex formed earlier in autumn and broke down later in spring. These changes however were statistically not significant due to the high interannual dynamical variability in northern hemisphere (NH) winter and spring and the relatively short time series. In the Antarctic, the vortex formed earlier in autumn, intensified in late spring, and broke down later. The changes of the Antarctic vortex were at all levels and for both autumn and spring transitions larger and more significant than the changes of the Arctic vortex. These changes of the 1980s and early to mid 1990s were however not representative of a long-term change. The dynamically more active winters in the Arctic and Antarctic since 1998/1999 led to an enhanced weakening of the polar vortex in winter, and to a reduction of the polar vortex intensification in spring. As two of the recent Arctic major warmings occurred rather early in winter the polar vortex could recover in late winter and the delay in spring breakdown further increased. In contrast, the increase in Antarctic vortex persistence did no longer appear when including the recent winters due to the dominant impact of the three recent dynamically active Antarctic winters in 2000, 2002, and 2004. The long-term changes of 1965/1966–2005 were smaller in amplitude and partly opposite to the trends since the 1980s. There is no significant long-term change in the Arctic vortex lifetime or spring persistence, while the Antarctic vortex shows a long-term deepening and shift towards later spring transitions. The changes in the stratospheric dynamical situation could be attributed in both hemispheres to changes in the dynamical forcing from the troposphere. 相似文献
20.
利用国产GPSO3臭氧探空系统观测的大气臭氧探空资料和NCEP再分析资料,结合对天气形势、大气环流背景、高空位涡变化及对流层顶高度扰动的分析,深入研究了2008年冬季北京地区10~14 km高度范围内持续出现的臭氧次峰值及大气臭氧含量异常现象。结果表明:在2008年我国南方雪灾这一特殊时期,引起臭氧垂直分布持续出现次峰值现象及臭氧含量异常的主要原因是平流层空气强烈下沉运动及其与对流层的交换作用,而引起这种下沉运动及平流层-对流层交换则是由于该阶段特殊的天气背景,乌拉尔阻塞高压长时间维持,贝加尔湖到巴尔喀什湖一带横槽稳定存在,里海以东切断低压长期维持,造成冷空气长时间、稳定地南下影响北京上空臭氧的垂直分布。加之副热带急流的出现,北京正处于其入口区左侧,其上空有强烈的辐合下沉运动,有利于平流层空气向下输送。此次臭氧次峰值及臭氧含量异常的现象很好地说明,在冷空气天气过程的影响下,北京地区上空的平流层空气运动及其与对流层的交换十分活跃。 相似文献