共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 25 毫秒
1.
针对非饱和重塑黏土,利用改进的非饱和土静力-动力液压三轴-扭转多功能剪切仪,在固结排水（CD）条件下进行了应力控制式分级加载的循环三轴试验,通过对试验结果的对比分析,探讨了初始固结压力和基质吸力(孔隙气压力Ua与孔隙水压力Uw之差)对非饱和土动应力-动应变关系特性的影响。以此为基础,将Hardin-Drnerich等价黏弹性模型和Masing加卸载准则进行了改进,并得到了可以考虑基质吸力的非饱和黏土的等价黏弹性模型。进而对试验数据与模型预测结果进行比较,结果表明这种改进的非饱和土等价黏弹性模型能较好预测各种基质吸力下非饱和土的动应力-动应变关系。 相似文献
2.
This paper presents a constitutive model for describing the stress-strain response of sands under cyclic loading. The model, formulated using the critical state theory within the bounding surface plasticity framework, is an upgraded version of an existing model developed for monotonic behaviour of cohesionless sands. With modification of the hardening law, plastic volumetric strain increment and unloading plastic modulus, the original model was modified to simulate cyclic loading. The proposed model was validated against triaxial cyclic loading tests for Fuji River sand, Toyoura sand and Nigata sand. Comparison between the measured and predicted results suggests that the proposed modified model can capture the main features of cohesionless sands under drained and undrained cyclic loading. 相似文献
3.
A simple critical-state-based double-yield-surface model for clay behavior under complex loading 总被引：9，自引：4，他引：5
The critical state concept has been widely used in soil mechanics. The purpose of this study is to apply this concept in the framework of multi-mechanism elastoplasticity. The developed model has two yield surfaces: one for shear sliding and one for compression. In this model, the location of the critical state line is explicitly considered and related to the actual material density to control the peak strength and the phase transformation characteristics. The stress reversal technique is incorporated into the model for describing clay behavior under complex loading including changes of stress direction. The determination of the model parameters is discussed; it requires only one drained or undrained triaxial test up to failure with an initial isotropic consolidation stage. The model is used to simulate drained and undrained tests under monotonic loading with different over-consolidation ratios on various remolded and natural clays, including true triaxial tests with different Lode’s angles. Drained and undrained tests under cyclic loadings are also simulated by using the set of parameters determined from monotonic tests. The comparison between experimental results and numerical simulations demonstrate a good predictive ability of this new simple model. 相似文献
4.
Post-Cyclic Undrained Behavior of Compacted Composite Clay Subjected to Various Cyclic Loading Paths
H. R. Tavakoli A. Shafiee M. K. Jafari 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2011,29(6):1085-1097
Using a sequential procedure of undrained cyclic and post cyclic tests, the strength and stiffness degradation characteristics
of compacted composite clays are studied immediately after various cyclic loading paths by triaxial and hollow cylinder tests.
The effects of cyclic loading paths, sand contents, cyclic loading amplitude and confining pressure on the post-cyclic mechanical
behavior of the composite clays are evaluated. The results point out different peculiarities which can be of interest in assessing
the mechanical behavior of the composite clays under post seismic shaking. The results show that effect of cyclic loading
on post cyclic pore water pressure build-up is significant when pore water pressure build-up is considerably lower than the
associated value in monotonic loading. The effect of sand content and cyclic loading path on degradation of stiffness is more
remarkable than shear strength. Test results also reveal that the effect of sand content on the post cyclic pore water pressure
build-up is minor. However, when the aggregate content increases the shear strength increases. 相似文献
5.
采用南海北部区域油田场址钻孔原状土样,开展黏土循环动力特性试验研究。结合共振柱与应变控制的循环单剪试验,获取动剪切模量和阻尼比随循环剪应变的变化规律,将最大动剪切模量与原位静力触探的计算结果进行对比。开展应力控制的循环单剪试验,采用对称加载方式获取土样动强度阈值,基于该阈值,通过单、双向加载方式获取土样动强度包络线,并将试验结果与Drammen黏土及世界范围内其余区域黏土进行对比。该研究初步获取了南海北部区域性黏土的循环特性及动力学参数,为南海北部区域油气田结构设计和地质风险评估提供基础资料,掌握了循环动力特性试验方法,为岩土工程动力学试验研究及数据分析提供技术参考。 相似文献
6.
为研究贵阳红黏土在循环荷载作用下的损伤特性,揭示抗剪强度参数随加卸载过程的损伤演化规律,通过应力-应变控制式三轴剪切渗透仪中的应力路径试验模块,对ω=29%、32%、35%以及38% 4种含水率的贵阳红黏土在σ3=100 kPa、200 kPa和300 kPa围压下开展固结不排水剪循环加卸载试验。研究结果表明:卸载过程中土样表现出变形增强性,卸载后轴向应变增量越大,松弛时间越长,回弹变形量越大;综合考虑含水率与围压条件的影响,建立贵阳红黏土剪切过程中弹性变形演化的数学关系式,并与试验结果进行对比验证,拟合度达95%以上;采用等效塑性剪切应变作为塑性内变量,对贵阳红黏土剪切全过程强度损伤特性进行研究,发现其胶结强度不断损失,而摩擦强度不断增加;且随着含水率的增加,内摩擦角的变化范围为21.8°~16.1°,黏聚力的变化范围为83.7~57.5 kPa。研究成果可为路基压实及考虑加卸载工况的土坡稳定性评价提供理论指导。 相似文献
7.
8.
超固结黏土单调和耦合循环的剪切特性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对超固结黏土空心试样,利用土工静力-动力液压三轴-扭转多功能剪切仪,在均等固结条件下进行了单调扭剪和三轴-扭转耦合循环剪切试验。试验结果表明：不同超固结比黏土的单调扭剪强度也可由正常固结黏土的单调扭剪强度得到,得到了不同超固结比下饱和黏土的强度及模量的退化规律;随着超固结比的增大,相同破坏循环次数的动应力比和临界循环应力比均线性增大;超固结比对耦合循环剪切的孔隙水压力的发展模式影响显著。参考Yasuhara的测量方法,采用荷载停止后继续采集孔压的方法可以更好地反映黏土在耦合循环荷载下产生的真实孔压和孔压的增长情况。提出的综合应变式同时考虑了剪切变化和正向偏差变形的共同效应,适合作为主应力连续旋转的耦合循环剪切试验的破坏标准。 相似文献
9.
The disturbed state concept (DSC) model, and a new and simplified procedure for unloading and reloading behavior are implemented in a nonlinear finite element procedure for dynamic analysis for coupled response of saturated porous materials. The DSC model is used to characterize the cyclic behavior of saturated clays and clay–steel interfaces. In the DSC, the relative intact (RI) behavior is characterized by using the hierarchical single surface (HISS) plasticity model; and the fully adjusted (FA) behavior is modeled by using the critical state concept. The DSC model is validated with respect to laboratory triaxial tests for clay and shear tests for clay‐steel interfaces. The computer procedure is used to predict field behavior of an instrumented pile subjected to cyclic loading. The predictions provide very good correlation with the field data. They also yield improved results compared to those from a HISS model with anisotropic hardening, partly because the DSC model allows for degradation or softening and interface response. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
10.
《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2013,8(4):295-306
Recent developments in studies of soil response to earthquake loadings have made it possible to incorporate the rates of pore water pressure build-up in soils in to nonlinear response analyses of the grounds. Such pore pressure changes help in computing the changes in stress-strain behaviour of soils in the deposit progressively as the earthquake progresses. The rate and magnitude of pore pressure generation in soils during seismic loading will have important effects on the shear strength, stability, and settlement characteristics of a soil mass, even if the soil does not liquefy. The results in terms of pore pressure response in soils from a series of experimental investigations using strain-controlled cyclic triaxial tests on soils samples collected from liquefied sites are presented in this paper. The effect of relative density, amplitude of cyclic shear strain, number of loading cycles, confining pressure and frequency of cyclic loading on the pore pressure build-up are studied. Analytical expressions are proposed using regression analysis to define mean relationships between normalized pore water pressure and normalized cycles for the prediction of pore water pressure build-up in silty sands. Also, the pore water pressure build-up in soils is independent of frequency of loading. 相似文献
11.
12.
黏土的蠕变特性试验研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
研究了黏土的未扰动和重塑土样在三轴排水剪切试验条件下的蠕变特性。既进行了初始加载过程中的蠕变试验,也做了卸载与重复加载过程中的蠕变试验。试验结果表明：(1) 在初始加载过程中,经过一定时间蠕变后黏土的强度有很大的提高;(2) 在卸载过程中,随应力值下降黏土的蠕变表现出由正蠕变、中性蠕变到负蠕变的逐渐转化;(3) 在重复加载过程中,随应力值增加黏土的蠕变表现出由负蠕变、中性蠕变到正蠕变的逐渐转化。 相似文献
13.
14.
M. K. Jafari F. Pellet M. Boulon K. Amini Hosseini 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2004,37(1):3-23
Summary Evaluation of the effects of small repetitive earthquakes on the strength parameters of rock joints in active seismic zones is of interest of the designers of underground constructions. In order to evaluate these effects, it is necessary to study the behaviour of rock joints under dynamic and cyclic loadings. This paper presents the results of a systematic study on the behaviour of artificial rock joints subjected to cyclic shearing. More than 30 identical replicas have been tested using triaxial compression devices under different conditions of monotonic and cyclic loading. At the first stage a few samples have been tested in monotonic loading modes under various confining pressures and rate of displacement. In the second series of tests, small cyclic loads were applied on the samples for increasing number of cycles, frequency levels and stress amplitudes. These were then followed by monotonic loading again. The variations of maximum and residual shear strengths for each test have been studied. The results show increase of shear strength as a result of the increase in confining pressure and they display decrease of shear strength due to the increase of rate of loading, number of cycles, frequency levels and stress amplitudes. 相似文献
15.
Hanifi Missoum Mostefa Belkhatir Karim Bendani Mustapha Maliki 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2013,31(1):279-296
In a number of recent case studies, the liquefaction of silty sands has been reported. To investigate the undrained shear and deformation behaviour of Chlef sand–silt mixtures, a series of monotonic and stress-controlled cyclic triaxial tests were conducted on sand encountered at the site. The aim of this laboratory investigation is to study the influence of silt contents, expressed by means of the equivalent void ratio on undrained residual shear strength of loose, medium dense and dense sand–silt mixtures under monotonic loading and liquefaction potential under cyclic loading. After an earthquake event, the prediction of the post-liquefaction strength is becoming a challenging task in order to ensure the stability of different types of earth structures. Thus, the choice of the appropriate undrained residual shear strength of silty sandy soils that are prone to liquefaction to be used in engineering practice design should be established. To achieve this, a series of undrained triaxial tests were conducted on reconstituted saturated silty sand samples with different fines contents ranging from 0 to 40 %. In all tests, the confining pressure was held constant at 100 kPa. From the experimental results obtained, it is clear that the global void ratio cannot be used as a state parameter and may not characterize the actual behaviour of the soil as well. The equivalent void ratio expressing the fine particles participation in soil strength is then introduced. A linear relationship between the undrained shear residual shear strength and the equivalent void ratio has been obtained for the studied range of the fines contents. Cyclic test results confirm that the increase in the equivalent void ratio and the fines content accelerates the liquefaction phenomenon for the studied stress ratio and the liquefaction resistance decreases with the increase in either the equivalent void ratio or the loading amplitude level. These cyclic tests results confirm the obtained monotonic tests results. 相似文献
16.
适用于砂土循环加载分析的边界面塑性模型 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于临界状态土力学框架,建立了一个适用于砂土排水循环加载的边界面塑性模型。采用了考虑虚拟峰值应力比的偏应变硬化准则,初始加载阶段应力点位于边界面上,反向加载阶段以历史最大屈服面作为边界面,同时实现了对密砂软化现象的模拟和对历史所受最大应力的记忆。边界面采用修正的椭圆形,引入考虑密度与应力水平的状态相关剪胀函数,采用非相关联流动法则和以应力反向点作为映射中心的径向映射准则。模型仅有10个参数,通过常规三轴试验即可确定,并且使用一套参数可以模拟不同围压、密度的单调和循环加载情况。分别对饱和砂土的单调、循环排水三轴试验进行模拟,结果表明,该模型能够合理地反映饱和砂土排水条件下的应力-应变特性。 相似文献
17.
按照在最佳系泊点受倾斜荷载作用的张紧式吸力锚的破坏机制,建议了利用软土不排水循环剪切强度计算软土中吸力锚循环承载力的极限平衡分析方法。该方法考虑了平均系泊荷载在土中引起的平均剪应力对土体循环剪切强度、进而对锚循环承载力的影响。为了说明该方法的可行性,进行了大量张紧式吸力锚在平均系泊荷载与循环荷载共同作用下的承载力模型试验。依据试验结果确定了锚被竖向拔出土层时系泊点的位移破坏标准,并据此确定了与不同模型试验条件对应的循环承载力。进而利用循环三轴试验确定的土层不排水循环强度随平均应力的变化关系和实测的土层剪切强度,通过极限平衡分析计算了与模型试验对应的循环承载力。计算与模型试验结果比较表明,对于张紧式吸力锚被竖向拔出土层的破坏模式,计算结果比模型试验结果偏大,平均偏大1.9%,绝大多数偏差在10%以内。因此,对于软土中的张紧式吸力锚,如果采用该方法计算与竖向拔出土层破坏模式相应的循环承载力时,将结果减小10%是恰当的。 相似文献
18.
随着海洋工程建设的快速发展,海洋环境中的地基稳定性逐渐成为学者和工程师关注的热点问题,建立一个简化的饱和黏土循环加载模型对于长期循环荷载下海上构筑物的设计具有重要意义。针对饱和黏土的循环弱化特性,在Hardin-Drnevich等效非线性模型的基础上,建立了考虑循环弱化的饱和黏土简化非线性模型来描述循环加载下饱和黏土的应力-应变关系,模型中引入了由循环加载期间产生的累积塑性变形控制的强度和模量衰减比公式。通过参数分析,说明了形状参数 与n以及残余衰减比与衰减系数等参数的意义和作用。通过对文献中单向循环试验和双向循环试验结果的模拟,验证了该简化模型可以较好地描述循环加载时饱和黏土应力应变滞回圈的演变规律以及循环加载后饱和黏土的强度和刚度弱化现象。简化模型大大提高了计算效率,与传统的土体弹塑性模型相比更加便于工程应用。 相似文献
19.
动力荷载作用下软粘土的残余变形计算模式 总被引：10，自引：3，他引：10
在试验结果的基础上，提出了动力荷载作用下计算软粘土残余变形的模式。并将计算结果与不排水和部分排水情况下观测到的孔隙水压力及残余应变进行比较，两者具有较好的吻合性。本文所提出的计算模式可用来估算动力荷载（例如地震荷载、交通荷载）作用下建于软粘土地基上的建筑物及其它设施所产生的附加沉降。 相似文献