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1.
Important mafic–ultramafic masses have been located for the first time in the intersection area between the Keraf Shear Zone and the Nakasib Suture Zone of the Nubian Shield. The masses, comprising most of the members of the ophiolite suite, are Sotrebab and Qurun complexes east of the Nile, and Fadllab complex west of the Nile. The new mafic–ultramafic masses are located on the same trend of the ophiolitic masses decorating the Nakasib Suture. A typical complete ophiolite sequence has not been observed in these complexes, nevertheless, the mafic–ultramafic rocks comprise basal unit of serpentinite and talc chlorite schists overlain by a thick cumulate facies of peridotites, pyroxenites and layered gabbros overlain by basaltic pillow lavas with dolerite dykes and screens of massive gabbros. Associated with pillow lavas are thin layers of carbonates and chert. The best section of cumulate mafic–ultramafic units has been observed in Jebel Qurun and El Fadlab complexes, comprising peridotites, pyroxenites and layered gabbros. Dolerite dykes and screens of massive gabbros have been observed with basaltic pillow lava sections in Wadi Dar Tawaiy. The basal ultramafic units of the complexes have been fully or partly retrograded to chlorite magnetite schist and talc to talc-carbonate rocks (listowenites), especially in the Jebel Qurun and Sotrebab complexes. Petrographically, the gabbros (layered and massive) and the basaltic pillow lavas show mineral assemblages of epidote amphibolite facies. The mafic members from the three complexes show a clear tholeiitic trend and oceanic floor affinity. The pillow lavas plot in the field of oceanic floor basalt, namely in the back arc field. Primitive mantle normalized spider diagram of the pillow lavas reveals a closer correspondence to Enrich-Mid-Oceanic Ridge Basalt (E-MORB) type, which is confirmed by the flat chondrite normalized Rare Earth Elements (REE) pattern. Field, petrographical and geochemical evidence supports ophiolitic origin of the three complexes. The newly discovered ophiolitic complexes mark the western continuation of the Nakasib Suture Zone. 相似文献
2.
Rajesh K. Srivastava 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2012,80(3):369-381
A number of Paleoproterozoic mafic dykes are reported to intrude volcano-sedimentary sequences of the Mahakoshal supracrustal belt. They are medium to coarse-grained and mostly trend in ENE-WSW to E-W. Petrographically they are metadolerite and metabasite. Geochemical compositions classify them as sub-alkaline basalts to andesites with high-iron tholeiitic nature. Both groups, i.e. metabasites and metadolerites, show distinct geochemical characteristics; high-field strength elements are relatively higher in metadolerites than metabasites. This suggests their derivation from different mantle melts. Chemistry does not support any possibility of crustal contamination. Trace element modeling advocates that metabasite dykes are derived from a melt originated through ∼20% melting of a depleted mantle source, whereas metadolerite dykes are probably derived from a tholeiitic magma generated through <10% melting of a enriched mantle source. Chemistry also reveals that the studied samples are derived from deep mantle sources. HFSE based discrimination diagrams suggest that metabasite dykes are emplaced in tectonic environment similar to the N-type mid-oceanic ridge basalts (N-MORB) and the metadolerite dykes exhibit tectonic setting observed for the within-plate basalts. These inferences show agreement with the available tectonic model presented for the Mahakoshal supracrustal belt. The Chitrangi region experienced N-MORB type mafic magmatism around 2.5 Ga (metabasite dykes) and within-plate mafic magmatism around 1.5–1.8 Ga (metadolerite dykes and probably other alkaline and carbonatite magmatic rocks). 相似文献
3.
云南香格里拉县洛吉地区出露由洛吉组玄武岩和基性岩墙群组成的基性杂岩,其母岩浆起源于亚碱性-碱性系列的拉斑玄武系列,地球化学特征表明该基性杂岩体形成于构造变动的复杂环境,并与不同源区岩浆混合及一定程度的壳幔混染有关,其中的碱性玄武岩与基性岩墙属具有相似性OIB玄武岩,是深部地幔石榴石橄榄岩与尖晶石橄榄石小部分熔融的产物,形成于大陆内或陆缘裂谷转变为盆缘造山带的过渡环境,亚碱性玄武岩属于E-MORB并有向OIB过渡趋势,由源区相对浅的尖晶石橄榄石熔融形成,为洋中脊向大陆过渡环境的蛇绿岩质分子,属甘孜-理塘结合带残余产物。 相似文献
4.
A complete dismembered sequence of ophiolite is well exposed in the south Andaman region that mainly comprises ultramafic
cumulates, serpentinite mafic plutonic and dyke rocks, pillow lava, radiolarian chert, and plagiogranite. Pillow lavas of
basaltic composition occupy a major part of the Andaman ophiolite suite (AOS). These basalts are well exposed all along the
east coast of southern part of the south AOS. Although these basalts are altered due to low-grade metamorphism and late hydrothermal
processes, their igneous textures are still preserved. These basalts are mostly either aphyric or phyric in nature. Aphyric
type exhibits intersertal or variolitic textures, whereas phyric variety shows porphyritic or sub-ophitic textures. The content
of alkalies and silica classify these basalts as sub-alkaline basalts and alkaline basalts. A few samples show basaltic andesite,
trachy-basalt, or basanitic chemical composition. High-field strength element (HFSE) geochemistry suggests that studied basalt
samples are probably derived from similar parental magmas. Al2O3/TiO2 and CaO/TiO2 ratios classify these basalts as high-Ti type basalt. On the basis of these ratios and many discriminant functions and diagrams,
it is suggested that the studied basalts, associated with Andaman ophiolite suite, were derived from magma similar to N-MORB
and emplaced in the mid-oceanic ridge tectonic setting. 相似文献
5.
6.
The Bastar craton has experienced many episodes of mafic magmatism during the Precambrian. This is evidenced from a variety
of Precambrian mafic rocks exposed in all parts of the Bastar craton in the form of volcanics and dykes. They include (i)
three distinct mafic dyke swarms and a variety of mafic volcanic rocks of Precambrian age in the southern Bastar region; two
sets of mafic dyke swarms are sub-alkaline tholeiitic in nature, whereas the third dyke swarm is high-Si, low-Ti and high-Mg
in nature and documented as boninite-norite mafic rocks, (ii) mafic dykes of varying composition exposed in Bhanupratappur-Keskal
area having dominantly high-Mg and high-Fe quartz tholeiitic compositions and rarely olivine and nepheline normative nature,
(iii) four suites of Paleoproterozoic mafic dykes are recognized in and around the Chattisgarh basin comprising metadolerite,
metagabbro, and metapyroxenite, Neoarchaean amphibolite dykes, Neoproterozoic younger fine-grained dolerite dykes, and Early
Precambrian boninite dykes, and (iv) Dongargarh mafic volcanics, which are classified into three groups, viz. early Pitepani
mafic volcanic rocks, later Sitagota and Mangikhuta mafic volcanics, and Pitepani siliceous high-magnesium basalts (SHMB).
Available petrological and geochemical data on these distinct mafic rocks of the Bastar craton are summarized in this paper.
Recently high precision U-Pb dates of 1891.1±0.9 Ma and 1883.0±1.4 Ma for two SE-trending mafic dykes from the BD2 (subalkaline)
dyke swarm, from the southern Bastar craton have been reported. But more precise radiometric age determinations for a number
of litho-units are required to establish discrete mafic magmatic episodes experienced by the craton. It is also important
to note that very close geochemical similarity exist between boninite-norite suite exposed in the Bastar craton and many parts
of the world. Spatial and temporal correlation suggests that such magmatism occurred globally during the Neoarchaean-Paleoproterozoic
boundary. Many Archaean terrains were united as a supercontinent as Expanded Ur and Arctica at that time, and its rifting
gave rise to numerous mafic dyke swarms, including boninitenorite, world-wide. 相似文献
7.
Archaean volcanic rocks and volcanogenic sediments exposed in a regional syncline south of Meekatharra, Western Australia are described. Initial volcanic activity produced a suite of high-Mg basalts containing 10–19% MgO. Pillowed tholeiitic basalts overlie the high-Mg basalts. These lower units are thought to have been derived from a central fracture zone. The uppermost units consist of volcanogenic sediments interlayered with andesite and dacite flows which appear to have been derived from a marginal andesite pile to the east. The Archaean sequence has been tightly folded, cross-faulted and intruded by post-Archaean dykes.The central succession is predominantly submarine, although the marginal andesite pile may be in part subaerial. Whilst there are some similarities with the Marda complex to the southeast (Hallberg et al., 1976), the rocks near Meekatharra are more analogous to those associated with modern island arcs. 相似文献
8.
Ivana Conceição de Araújo Pinho Johildo Salomão Figueiredo Barbosa Angela Beatriz de Menezes Leal Hervé Martin Jean-Jacques Peucat 《Journal of South American Earth Sciences》2011,31(2-3):312-323
The studied tonalitic and trondhjemitic granulites are located in the SSE granulitic domain of the São Francisco craton, Bahia, Brazil, where they represent most of the southern part of the Archean and Paleoproterozoic Itabuna-Salvador-Curaçá Block (ISCB). Chemically, the tonalitic and trondhjemitic granulites belong to a low-K calc-alkaline suite; their REE patterns are steep with strong LREE/HREE fractionation and no significant Eu anomaly. Garnet-bearing mafic granulites that occur as enclaves in the tonalitic and trondhjemitic granulites were derived from basalts and/or gabbros of tholeiitic affinity. Geochemical modelling showed that the tonalitic and trondhjemitic granulites were produced by moderate fractional crystallization of an assemblage of hornblende and plagioclase, with subordinate amounts of magnetite, apatite, allanite and zircon. The garnet-bearing mafic granulites would be the source of the magmas that generated these rocks. Partial melting left a residue made up of plagioclase, garnet, orthopyroxene and hornblende. 相似文献
9.
M. Ramakrishnan 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2009,73(1):101-116
Mafic rocks of Western Dharwar Craton (WDC) belong to two greenstone cycles of Sargur Group (3.1–3.3 Ga) and Dharwar Supergroup
(2.6–2.8 Ga), belonging to different depositional environments. Proterozoic mafic dyke swarms (2.4, 2.0–2.2 and 1.6 Ga) constitute
the third important cycle. Mafic rocks of Sargur Group mainly constitute a komatiitic-tholeiite suite, closely associated
with layered basic-ultrabasic complexes. They form linear ultramaficmafic belts, and scattered enclaves associated with orthoquartzite-carbonate-pelite-BIF
suite. Since the country rocks of Peninsular Gneiss intrude these rocks and dismember them, stratigraphy of Sargur Group is
largely conceptual and its tectonic environment speculative. It is believed that the Sargur tholeiites are not fractionated
from komatiites, but might have been generated and evolved from a similar mantle source at shallower depths. The layered basic-ultrabasic
complexes are believed to be products of fractionation from tholeiitic parent magma. The Dharwar mafic rocks are essentially
a bimodal basalt-rhyolite association that is dominated by Fe-rich and normal tholeiites. Calc-alkaline basalts and andesites
are nearly absent, but reference to their presence in literature pertains mainly to carbonated, spilitized and altered tholeiitic
suites. Geochemical discrimination diagrams of Dharwar lavas favour island arc settings that include fore-, intra- and back-arcs.
The Dharwar mafic rocks are possibly derived by partial melting of a lherzolite mantle source and involved in fractionation
of olivine and pyroxene followed by plagioclase. Distinctive differences in the petrography and geochemistry of mafic rocks
across regional unconformities between Sargur Group and Dharwar Supergroup provide clinching evidences in favour of distinguishing
two greenstone cycles in the craton. This has also negated the earlier preliminary attempts to lump together all mafic volcanics
into a single contemporaneous suite, leading to erroneous interpretations. After giving allowances for differences in depositional
and tectonic settings, the chemical distinction between Sargur and Dharwar mafic suites throws light on secular variations
and crustal evolution. Proterozoic mafic dyke swarms of three major periods (2.4, 2.0–2.2 and 1.6 Ga) occur around Tiptur
and Hunsur. The dykes also conform to the regional metamorphic gradient, with greenschist facies in the north and granulite
facies in the south, resulting from the tilt of the craton towards north, exposing progressively deeper crustal levels towards
the south. The low-grade terrain in the north does not have recognizable swarms, but the Tiptur swarm consists essentially
of amphibolites and Hunsur swarm mainly of basic granulites, all of them preserving cross-cutting relations with host rocks,
chilled margins and relict igneous textures. There are also younger dolerite dykes scattered throughout the craton that are
unaffected by this metamorphic zonation. Large-scale geochemical, geochronological and palaeomagnetic data acquisition through
state-of-the-art instrumentation is urgently needed in the Dharwar craton to catch up with contemporary advancements in the
classical greenstone terrains of the world. 相似文献
10.
Akindele O. Oyinloye 《Journal of African Earth Sciences》1998,26(4):633-641
The basement complex in the Ilesha area consists of two distinct units — the gneisses and the schists. The Ilesha Schist Belt is a back-arc basin where there has been a subduction of an ocean slab into the mantle. This was followed by partial melting of mantle and ocean sediments to generate a wet basaltic magma, as revealed by spidergrams and REE fractionation patterns for the rocks in this belt. In this environment, differentiation of the wet basaltic magma led to the emplacement of a set of rocks, which formed a proto-continent. These rocks were then eroded to generate a sedimentary sequence which was metamorphosed into banded gneiss from which the granite gneisses were derived. The banded gneiss, characterised by alternation of felsic and mafic bands, is composed of medium to very coarse plagioclase, hornblende, quartz and biotite. The granite gneiss, composed of biotite, K--feldspars, quartz and minor garnet, occurs in close association with the banded gneiss.Chemical evidence revealed that elements that are depleted in the banded gneiss are concentrated in the granite gneiss and vice-versa; suggesting a petrogenetic link between these rocks.The schists were deposited as sediments composed of quartz, muscovite, biotite and Fe oxides. These sediments were metamorphosed to form quartzite schists which were folded into the gneisses. After the emplacement of these rocks, there was transpressive tectonic activity in this schist belt, causing deformation of these rocks, and emplacement of the northeast-southwest Ifewara-Zungeru Fault System, which separates the Ilesha Schist Belt into two halves. 相似文献
11.
Fahui Xiong Yuanku Meng Jingsui Yang Zhao Liu Xiangzhen Xu Alireza Eslami Ran Zhang 《地学前缘(英文版)》2020,11(1):277-292
The>2000 km Indus-Yarlung Tsangpo suture zone(IYSZ)is composed of the Neo-tethys oceanic remnants,flysch units and related continental rocks,which has been regarded as the boundary between the Eurasian and Indian terranes.Among the ophiolitic complexes,the Purang ophiolite is the biggest massif in the IYSZ,and many studies have been conducted on this ophiolite.However,previous studies have mainly focused on harzburgite,clinopyroxenite and dunite.Field observations show that mafic dykes were emplaced within the Purang ophiolite.However,petrogenetic evolutions of those mafic dykes are poorly understood.In this study,we present new LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating results,whole-rock geochemistry and Sr-Nd-Hf isotope analyses for microgabbro,gabbro and dolerite dykes from the Purang ophiolite of the southwestern IYSZ,respectively.Three samples yielded zircon U-Pb ages of144.2±2.1 Ma.127.9±2.3 Ma and 126.5±0.42 Ma,suggesting two different phases of magmatic activities distinctly.Whole-rock geochemical results suggest that the gabbro samples show alkaline features marked by enrichments of light rare earth elements(LREE)and large-ion lithophile elements(LILE),as well as Nb-Ta elements,suggesting an oceanic island basalt-like(OIB-like)geochemical affinity.However,the dolerite and microgabbro samples demonstrate sub-alkaline characteristics with normal mid-oceanic ridge basalt-like(N-MORB-like)geochemical features.Three distinct mafic dykes show significant Rb element depletion.The geochemical data and Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic features suggest that the microgabbro and gabbro rocks were derived from a depleted mantle that had been metasomatized by partial melts of sediments and enriched slab-derived fluids.The dolerite was also originated from a depleted mantle marked by significantly depleted Sr-Nd-Hf compositions,which was not influenced by enriched slab-derived fluids and sediments contamination during subsequent evolution.The isotope and geochemical data and tectonic diagrams suggest a tectonic transition from a within-plate to a midoceanic ridge basalt-like(MORB-like)setting during the period from ca.144 Ma to 127 Ma.Combined with regional background and this study,we propose that these mafic dykes were formed in an oceanic back-arc basin setting.Additionally,integrated with previous studies,we suggest that the geodynamic evolution of the southwestern and central parts of the Neo-Tethys oceanic basin is comparable in Early Cretaceous. 相似文献
12.
Numerous early Cretaceous mafic and alkaline dykes, mostly trending in N-S direction, are emplaced in the Archaean gneissic
complex of the Shillong plateau, northeastern India. These dykes are spatially associated with the N-S trending deep-seated
Nongchram fault and well exposed around the Swangkre-Rongmil region. The petrological and geochemical characteristics of mafic
dykes from this area are presented. These mafic dykes show very sharp contact with the host rocks and do not show any signature
of assimilation with them. Petrographically these mafic dykes vary from fine-grained basalt (samples from the dyke margin)
to medium-grained dolerite (samples from the middle of the dyke) having very similar chemical compositions, which may be classified
as basaltic-andesite/andesite. The geochemical characteristics of these mafic dykes suggest that these are genetically related
to each other and probably derived from the same parental magma. Although, the high-field strength element (+rare-earth elements)
compositions disallow the possibility of any crustal involvement in the genesis of these rocks, but Nb/La, La/Ta, and Ba/Ta
ratios, and similarities of geochemical characteristics of present samples with the Elan Bank basalts and Rajmahal (Group
II) mafic dyke samples, suggest minor contamination by assimilation with a small amount of upper crustal material. Chemistry,
particularly REE, hints at an alkaline basaltic nature of melt. Trace element modelling suggests that the melt responsible
for these mafic dykes had undergone extreme differentiation (∼ 50%) before its emplacement. The basaltic-andesite nature of
these rocks may be attributed to this differentiation. Chemistry of these rocks also indicates ∼ 10–15% melting of the mantle
source. The mafic dyke samples of the present investigation show very close geochemical similarities with the mafic rocks
derived from the Kerguelen mantle plume. Perhaps the Swangkre-Rongmil mafic dykes are also derived from the Kerguelen mantle
plume. 相似文献
13.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(7):624-639
The Kurancali metagabbro occurs as an isolated body in the central part of the Central Anatolian Crystalline Complex. It has been emplaced along a steep S-vergent thrust-plane onto the uppermost units of the Central Anatolian Metamorphics. The main body of the Kurancali metagabbro is characterized by distinct compositional layering. The layered gabbros comprise pyroxene and hornblende gabbros. Phlogopite-rich, plagioclase-hornblende gabbro occurs mainly as pegmatitic dikes intruding the layered gabbro sequence. The layered gabbros, in general, consist mainly of diopsidic augites, brown hornblendes, and plagioclase. Secondary phases are phlogopitic mica, brownish-green hornblende replacing clinopyroxenes, and fibrous, greenish actinolitic hornblende partially or completely replacing brown hornblende. The primary dark micas are phlogopitic in the range of phlogopite(57-70) and annite(30-43). The analyzed pyroxenes are diopsidic (En32Fs19Wo49-En35Fs18Wo48). The whole-rock geochemistry of the gabbros indicates the presence of two distinct groups of rocks; a less pronounced group of phlogopite gabbro with island-arc calc-alkaline affinities, and a dominating layered gabbro sequence with island-arc tholeiite characteristics. They are extremely enriched in LILE, indicative of alkaline metasomatism in the source region, and display geochemical features of transitional backarc-basin basalts (BABB)/island-arc basalts (IAB)—and IAB-type oceanic crust. Based on their geochemical similarities to modern island-arc basements, we suggest that the Kurancali metagabbro may represent the basement of an initial island arc, generated in a suprasubduction zone setting within the Izmir-Ankara branch of Neotethys. 相似文献
14.
The Naga Hills Ophiolite(NHO) represents one of the fragments of Tethyan oceanic crust in the Himalayan Orogenic system which is exposed in the Phek and Kiphire districts of Nagaland, India. The NHO is composed of partially serpentinized dunite, peridotite, gabbro, basalt, minor plagiogranite,diorite dyke and marine sediments. The basalts are mainly composed of fine grained plagioclase feldspar, clinopyroxene and orthopyroxene and show quenching and variolitic textures. The gabbros are characterized by medium to coarse grained plagioclase, orthopyroxene and clinopyroxene with ophitic to sub-ophitic textures. The ultramafic cumulates are represented by olivine, Cpx and Opx.Geochemically, the basalts and gabbros are sub-alkaline to alkaline and show tholeiitic features.The basalts are characterized by 44.1-45.6 wt.% of SiO_2 with 28-38 of Mg#, and the gabbros by38.7-43.7 wt.% of SiO_2, and 26-79 of Mg#. The ultramafic rocks are characterized by 37.4-52.2 wt.% of SiO_2, and 80-88 of Mg#. In multi-element diagrams(spidergrams) both basalts and gabbros show fractionated trends with strong negative anomalies of Zr. Nb. Sr and a gentle negative anomaly of P.However, the rare earth element(REE) plots of the basalts and gabbros show two distinct patterns. The first pattern, represented by light REE(LREE) depletion, suggests N-MORB features and can be interpreted as a signature of Paleo-Tethyan oceanic crust. The second pattern, represented by LREE enrichment with negligible negative Eu anomaly, conforms to E-MORB, and may be related to an arc tectonic setting. In V vs. Ti/1000, Cr vs. Y and AFM diagrams, the basalts and gabbros plot within Island Arc Tholeiite(IAT) and MORB fields suggesting both ridge and arc related settings. The ultramafic rocks exhibit two distinct patterns both in spidergrams and in REE plots. In the spidergram, one group displays highly enriched pattern, whereas the other group shows near flat pattern compared to primordial mantle. In the REE plot, one group displays steeper slopes [(La/Yb)N = 4.340-4.341], whereas the other displays moderate to flat slopes [(La/Yb)N = 0.97-1.67] and negative Eu-anomalies. Our study suggests that the ultramafic rocks represent two possible mantle sources(fertile and refractory). 相似文献
15.
An early Cretaceous alkaline ultramafic-mafic complex is emplaced within the Proterozoic rocks of Shillong plateau at Jasra, Karbi Anglong district of Assam. It is associated to the fracture system of Barapani-Tyrsad shear zone, Kopali faults, and Um Ngot lineaments and mainly comprises pyroxenite, gabbro and nepheline syenite. Few small mafic dykes, emplaced within pyroxenitic and granitic plutons, are also reported. No such dyke is reported to cut gabbros or nepheline syenites. Nepheline syenites occur either in the form of small dykes in pyroxenites or as differentiated bodies in the gabbros. Mineralogical and chemical composition of pyroxenite and gabbro clearly indicate their affinity to the alkaline magmatism. Syenitic samples show miaskitic character (agpaitic index <1), also indicates affinity with alkaline-carbonatite magmatism. Calcite is encountered in a number of pyroxenite samples. From the presented petrological and geochemical data it is difficult to establish any significant genetic relationship through simple differentiation process between these rocks. These data probably suggest that these rocks are derived from a primary carbonatite magma, generated by the low-degree melting of a metasomatized mantle peridotite. CO2 released by this process also progressively metasomatizes the lherzolite to an alkaline wehrlite and melts derived from alkaline wehrlite (ultrabasic alkaline silicate magma) may be responsible for crystallization of Jasra alkaline ultramafic-mafic rocks. 相似文献
16.
The tectonic transition from Prototethys to Paleotethys orogeny in the East Kunlun orogenic belt is not completely clear, and is a major unresolved geologic issue in Northern Tibet Plateau. Here, we present zircon geochronology, whole-rock elemental and zircon Hf isotopic geochemistry for newly discovered mafic dykes in the East Kunlun orogenic belt, to provide constraints on this issue. The studied mafic dykes are hornblende gabbros, consisting of hornblende (60–65 vol.%), plagioclase (15–25 vol.%) and augite and biotite (0–5 vol.%). LA–ICP–MS zircon U–Pb dating shows that these mafic dykes were emplaced at about 393 Ma. All the mafic dykes are characterized by high contents of CaO (8.82–11.48 wt.%), MgO (9.07–11.39 wt.%), V (275–336 ppm), Cr (370–467 ppm) and Ni (78.3–120 ppm), with high Mg# (63–67), flat CI-normalized REE distribution and depleted ?Hf(t) values (2.03–5.35), showing tholeiitic affinities and geochemical characteristics similar to those of mid-ocean ridge basalts. They were derived from low degree (about 5–15%) partial melting of a fertile spinel lherzolite source, which have been metasomatized by fluids introduced to the mantle by former subducted slab. The geologic–petrologic evidence suggests that the mafic dykes were emplaced in a shift tectonic setting related to continental rifting, which was caused by the extensional collapse related to the lithospheric thinning after the Prototethys orogeny. The delamination-induced thermal disturbance and extensional decompression triggered partial melting of the mantle and the emplacement of the mafic dykes. Combined with previous work, we propose that the Middle Devonian mafic dykes may be the early magmatic response to the transition from Prototethys to Paleotethys marking the opening of the Paleotethys in the East Kunlun orogenic belt. 相似文献
17.
本文选取冈底斯带东段加查县东北部丝波绒曲复式岩体为对象,对其进行了岩相学、地质年代学、岩石地球化学以及Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成的综合研究,据此探讨了该复式岩体的成因及其对构造演化的启示。研究结果表明,该复式岩体由早侏罗世辉长岩-花岗岩杂岩(188～185Ma)和始新世花岗质岩石(～47Ma)构成,两期花岗质岩石中普遍发育塑变形态的镁铁质包体。早侏罗世杂岩由角闪辉长岩和英云闪长岩组成,角闪辉长岩中的主要铁镁矿物为角闪石,它们为一套钙碱性弧岩浆岩组合,具有亏损的Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成。始新世花岗质岩石主要为二长花岗岩-花岗闪长岩,它们较早侏罗世英云闪长岩更为富碱,属钙碱性-高钾钙碱性I型花岗岩,其同位素组成也较早侏罗世英云闪长岩富集。综合分析表明,该区早侏罗世复合辉长岩-花岗岩的形成受控于新特提斯洋板片北向俯冲的构造背景,角闪辉长岩起源于受俯冲板片脱水交代的上覆地幔楔的部分熔融,共生的英云闪长岩则为同期幔源岩浆底侵诱发初生地壳部分熔融产生的长英质岩浆与幔源岩浆不同程度混合的产物。始新世花岗岩的形成受控于新特提斯洋板片断离的构造背景,是由具"弧"型地球化学特征的初生地壳再造的产物,并有少量印度陆壳富集组分参与成岩。 相似文献
18.
辉长岩大多为地幔岩石部分熔融的产物,辉绿岩脉及碱性正长岩的形成通常与伸展构造有关,本文对海南岛万宁辉长岩及辉绿岩脉和分界洲正长岩进行了系统的年代学和岩石地球化学研究,并以此来讨论其构造意义。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,万宁辉长岩及辉绿岩脉形成约在240 Ma,分界洲正长岩形成约在231 Ma,主量元素特征表明万宁辉长岩和辉绿岩分别属碱性系列和亚碱性系列,分界洲正长岩属于典型的碱性岩浆岩。万宁辉长岩及辉绿岩脉的稀土元素具有轻稀土富集的特点(LREE/HREE=7.22～8.50和8.11～11.10),微量元素具有岛弧型火山岩的特征,富集大离子亲石元素K、Rb、Ba、Th,贫高场强元素Nb、Ta和Zr、Hf;分界洲正长岩的微量元素特征显示出与A型花岗岩类似的特征。海南岛三叠纪中基性岩如分界洲正长岩和万宁辉长岩及辉绿岩脉形成的构造背景为陆内伸展环境,指示海南岛在240～230 Ma处于印支造山运动的应力松弛阶段。 相似文献
19.
M. Qasim Jan M. Hassan Agheem Amanullah Laghari Suhail Anjum 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2017,89(1):91-98
Kharsar hill is one of many granitic plutons comprising the Nagar Parkar igneous complex. The eastern part of the hill is occupied by grey-pink granite (earlier) and the western part by pink granite (later). They are composed of perthite, quartz, and plagioclase, with minor opaque oxide, biotite, titanite, local amphibole, and secondary chlorite, epidote, leucoxene/titanite. The pink granite is characterized by the presence of mafic clots. Both the granitoids are intruded by microgranite/aplite, and porphyritic mafic and rhyolite dykes, locally in swarms. These are abundant in a NE trending 200 m wide zone cutting the entire granite hill. The dykes may extend over 1 km in length and >10 m in thickness, but most are < 100 m in length. The felsic dykes are of several generations; some are associated with the two varieties of granite, others are contemporaneous with the rhyolite and mafic dykes. The mafic dykes can be grouped into two types one of which contains hornblende and the other augite as the principal mafic mineral. Major element analyses suggest that the granitic rocks are metaluminous. The Kharsar granites, like the others in Nagar Parkar, may be an extension of the Malani igneous suite of Rajasthan. The occurrence of bimodal mafic-felsic dykes and petrographic variation in the mafic dykes are briefly discussed. 相似文献
20.
The Upper Proterozoic ophiolite complex of Bou Azzer, Morocco, includes ultramafic rocks, cumulate gabbros, sheeted dykes, pillow lavas and diorite-quartz diorite intrusions and an overlying volcano-sedimentary sequence. The gabbroic cumulates, basaltic flows and dykes have compositions similar to recent ocean-floor rocks (N- and/or T-type). Among other features, they have comparable light REE-depleted patterns and relations of Ti-Zr and La-Nb. Although fractional crystallization played an important role in the evolution of these rocks, the large variations in their chemical compositions require generation from a heterogeneous upper mantle source and/or by a dynamic partial melting process. Diorites, quartz diorites and the volcanic rocks of the overlying sequence are calc-alkaline, genetically unrelated to the tholeiitic suite and indicative of an island arc setting. A possible tectonic model for the ophiolite complex is a marginal basin just behind a still active island arc. 相似文献