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1.
The world’s present demand for oil and gas is still in a rapid growth period, and traditional oil and gas resources account for more than 60% of the global oil and gas supply. The Americas is the world’s second largest production and consumption center of liquid fuel, and is also the world’s largest natural gas producer. In 2016, the Americas had 85.3 billion tons of proven oil reserves and 18.7 trillion m3 of proven natural gas reserves, which account for 35.4% and 10.0% of world’s total reserves, respectively. It produced 1267.1 Mt of oil and 1125.4 billion m3 of natural gas, which account for 28.9% and 31.7% of the world’s total production, respectively. The crude oil and natural gas reserves are mainly distributed in the U.S., Canada and Venezuela. The U.S. is the earliest and most successful country in shale gas exploration and development, and its shale gas is concentrated in the southern, central and eastern U.S., including the Marcellcus shale, Barnett shale, EagleFord shale, Bakken shale, Fayettevis shale, Haynsvill shale, Woodford shale and Monterey/Santos shale. The potential oil and gas resources in the Americas are mainly concentrated in the anticline and stratigraphic traps in the Middle-Upper Jurassic slope deposition of the North Slope Basin, the Paleozoic Madsion group dolomite and limestone in the Williston Basin, dominant stratigraphic traps and few structural traps in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin, the Eocene structural-stratigraphic hydrocarbon combination, structural-unconformity traps and structural hydrocarbon combination, and the Upper Miocene stratigraphic-structural hydrocarbon combination in the Maracaibo Basin of Venezuela, the stratigraphic-structural traps and fault horst, tilting faulted blocks and anticlines related to subsalt structure and basement activity in the Campos Basin, the subsalt central low-uplift belt and supra-salt central low-uplift belt in the Santos Basin of Brazil, and the structural-stratigraphic traps in the Neuquen Basin of Argentina. In addition, the breakthrough of seismic subsalt imaging technology makes the subsalt deepwater sea area of eastern Barzil an important oil and gas potential area. 相似文献
2.
海陆过渡相页岩气层系沉积研究进展与页岩气新发现 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
四川盆地海相页岩气成功规模效益开发,使我国页岩气跨入了高速发展的快车道,确立了页岩气在我国能源安全保障中的重要战略地位。我国海陆过渡相页岩气资源丰富,有望成为我国页岩气增储上产的现实领域。目前海陆过渡相页岩气勘探开发和地质评价还处在初期阶段,海陆过渡相富有机质页岩发育特征与分布、沉积模式、有机质富集机理等非常规油气沉积学相关研究有待深入。通过系统厘定海陆过渡相相关概念与特征,明确了国内外典型海陆过渡相页岩气层系;系统总结海陆过渡相页岩沉积研究现状与新进展,揭示了海陆过渡相中富有机质页岩有利发育环境、主要沉积模式和页岩气储层基本特征。系统梳理鄂尔多斯、四川、渤海湾等盆地海陆过渡相页岩气勘探开发新发现,指出了我国海陆过渡相页岩气具有良好勘探开发前景。海陆过渡相页岩层系常伴有煤层,可进行页岩气、煤层气等联合开采,实现“体积开发”,以期有效推动我国天然气产业高质量大发展。 相似文献
3.
ZOU Caineng YANG Zhi ZHU Rukai ZHANG Guosheng HOU Lianhu WU Songtao TAO Shizhen YUAN Xuanjun DONG Dazhong WANG Yuman WANG Lan HUANG Jinliang WANG Shufang 《《地质学报》英文版》2015,89(3):938-971
The new century has witnessed a strategic breakthrough in unconventional oil gas.Hydrocarbon accumulated in micro-/nano-scale pore throat shale systems has become an important domain that could replace current oil gas resources.Unconventional oil gas plays an increasingly important role in our energy demand.Tight gas,CBM,heavy oil and asphaltic sand have served as a key domain of exploration development,with tight oil becoming a 'bright spot' domain and shale gas becoming a 'hotspot' domain.China has made great breakthroughs in unconventional oil gas resources,such as tight gas,shale gas,tight oil and CBM,and great progress in oil shale,gas hydrate,heavy oil and oil sand.China has an estimated(223-263)×10~8t of unconventional oil resources and(890-1260)×l0~(12)m~3 of gas resources.China has made a breakthrough for progress in unconventional oil gas study.New progress achieved in fine-grained sedimentary studies related to continental open lacustrine basin large-scale shallow-water delta sand bodies,lacustrine basin central sandy clastic flow sediments and marine-continental fine-grained sediments provide a theoretical basis for the formation and distribution of basin central reservoir bodies.Great breakthroughs have been made in unconventional reservoir geology in respect of research methodology technology,multi-scale data merging and physical simulation of formation conditions.Overall characterization of unconventional reservoirs via multi-method and multi-scale becomes increasingly popular and facilitates the rapid development of unconventional oil gas geological theory,method and technology.The formation of innovative,continuous hydrocarbon accumulation theory,the establishment of the framework of the unconventional oil gas geological theory system,and the determination of the implications,geological feature,formation mechanism,distribution rule and core technology of unconventional oil gas geological study lays a theoretical foundation for extensive unconventional oil gas exploration and development.Theories and technologies of unconventional oil gas exploration and development developed rapidly,including some key evaluation techniques such as 'sweet spot zone' integrated evaluation and a six-property evaluation technique that uses hydrocarbon source,lithology,physical property,brittleness,hydrocarbon potential and stress anisotropy,and some key development engineering technologies including micro-seismic monitoring,horizontal drilling completion and "factory-like" operation pattern, "man-made reservoir" development,which have facilitated the innovative development of unconventional oil gas.These breakthroughs define a new understanding in four aspects:①theoretical innovation;② key technologies;③ complete market mechanism and national policy support;and ④ well-developed ground infrastructure,which are significant for prolonging the life cycle of petroleum industry,accelerating the upgrade and development of theories and technologies and altering the global traditional energy structure. 相似文献
4.
四川盆地西南缘五峰组-龙马溪组页岩气形成条件与有利区优选 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用四川盆地西南缘志留系龙马溪组最新钻井、露头资料及样品分析结果,从富有机质泥页岩区域分布、岩性、有机地球化学特征、储层特征、含气性、地层压力等方面,重点研究四川盆地西南缘龙马溪组页岩气形成条件与有利区优选。研究发现,五峰组—龙马溪组页岩具有有机质含量高(TOC 0.12%~6.49%,平均2.06%)、有效厚度大(普遍大于30m)、热演化程度高(Ro2.62%~2.80%)、脆性矿物含量高(56%~92%)、孔隙度较高(0.50%~11.36%,平均3.85%)等特征,钻井岩心现场解析气量最大值达3.38 m3/t、埋深适中(浅于3500m),这些条件均有利于页岩气的形成与富集。综合对比研究结果表明,云南云荞、木杆、高桥地区是四川盆地西南缘页岩气勘探的3个有利区。 相似文献
5.
Shi-zhen Li Zhi Zhou Hai-kuan Nie Lei-fu Zhang Teng Song Wei-bin Liu Hao-han Li Qiu-chen Xu Si-yu Wei Shu Tao 《China Geology》2022,5(1):110-135
The shale gas resources in China have great potential and the geological resources of shale gas is over 100×1012m3,which includes about 20×1012m3 of recoverable resources.Organic-rich shales can be divided into three types according to their sedimentary environments,namely marine,marine-continental transitional,and continental shales,which are distributed in 13 stratigraphic systems from the Mesoproterozoic to the Cenozoic.The Sichuan Basin and its surrounding areas have the highest geological resources of shale gas,and the commercial development of shale gas has been achieved in the Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation-Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation in these areas,with a shale gas production of up to 20×109m3 in 2020.China has seen rapid shale gas exploration and development over the last five years,successively achieving breakthroughs and important findings in many areas and strata.The details are as follows.(1)Large-scale development of middle-shallow shale gas(burial depth:less than 3500 m)has been realized,with the productivity having rapidly increased;(2)breakthroughs have been constantly made in the development of deep shale gas(burial depth:3500-4500 m),and the ultradeep shale gas(burial depth:greater than 4500 m)is under testing;(3)breakthroughs have been made in the development of normal-pressure shale gas,and the assessment of the shale gas in complex tectonic areas is being accelerated;(4)shale gas has been frequently discovered in new areas and new strata,exhibiting a great prospect.Based on the exploration and development practice,three aspects of consensus have been gradually reached on the research progress in the geological theories of shale gas achieved in China.(1)in terms of deep-water fine-grained sediments,organic-rich shales are the base for the formation of shale gas;(2)in terms of high-quality reservoirs,the development of micro-nano organic matter-hosted pores serves as the core of shale gas accumulation;(3)in terms of preservation conditions,weak structural transformation,a moderate degree of thermal evolution,and a high pressure coefficient are the key to shale gas enrichment.As a type of important low-carbon fossil energy,shale gas will play an increasingly important role in achieving the strategic goals of peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality.Based on the in-depth study of shale gas geological conditions and current exploration progress,three important directions for shale gas exploration in China in the next five years are put forward. 相似文献
6.
中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心牵头组织实施的“非常规油气地质调查工程”,开展了黑龙江省鸡西地区煤系气地质调查、松辽盆地及外围油页岩地质调查、松辽盆地西斜坡油砂原位试采工程、陆域天然气水合物地质调查与祁连山木里天然气水合物野外长期观测站建设、陕西关中地区氦气地质调查和非常规油气资源国情调研等工作,获取了大量基础数据,取得了黑鸡地1井、黑鸡地3井、黑鸡地4井等一系列突破性成果和重要进展,初步掌握了我国油页岩、油砂、陆域天然气水合物、氦气以及鸡西盆地煤系气等非常规油气资源潜力。该工程在煤系气、油页岩、氦气等领域产生重要影响,提振了非常规油气勘探开发信心,推动了科技创新与地质调查深度融合,促进了非常规油气学科发展。 相似文献
7.
WANG Ruyue HU Zongquan LONG Shengxiang LIU Guangxiang ZHAO Jianhu DONG Li DU Wei WANG Pengwei YIN Shuai 《《地质学报》英文版》2019,93(3):520-535
The Upper Ordovician Wufeng-Lower Silurian Longmaxi shale is widely distributed in the Sichuan Basin and its periphery, which is the key stratum for marine shale gas exploration and development(ED) in China. Based on sedimentary environment, material basis, storage space, fracability and reservoir evolution data, the reservoir characteristics of the Wufeng-Longmaxi shale and their significance for shale gas ED are systematically compared and analyzed in this paper. The results show that(1) the depocenter of the Wufeng(WF)-Longmaxi(LM) shale gradually migrates from east to west. The high-quality shale reservoirs in the eastern Sichuan Basin are mainly siliceous shales, which are primarily distributed in the graptolite shale interval of WF2-LM5. The high-quality reservoirs in the southern Sichuan Basin are mainly calcareous-siliceous and organic-rich argillaceous shales, which are distributed in the graptolite shale interval of WF2-LM7.(2) Deep shale gas(the burial depth 3500 m) in the Sichuan Basin has high-ultrahigh pressure and superior physical properties. The organic-rich siliceous, calcareous-siliceous and organic-rich argillaceous shales have suitable reservoir properties. The marginal area of the Sichuan Basin has a higher degree of pressure relief, which leads to the argillaceous and silty shales evolving into direct cap rocks with poor reservoir/good sealing capacity.(3) Combining shale gas exploration practices and impacts of lithofacies, depth, pressure coefficient and brittle-ductile transition on the reservoir properties, it is concluded that the favorable depth interval of the Wufeng-Longmaxi shale gas is 2200～4000 m under current technical conditions.(4) Aiming at the differential reservoir properties of the Wufeng-Longmaxi shale in the Sichuan Basin and its periphery, several suggestions for future research directions and ED of shale gas are formulated. 相似文献
8.
Frontier exploration in the Kuqa Depression, western China, has identified the continuous tight-sand gas accumulation in the Lower Cretaceous and Lower Jurassic as a major unconventional gas pool. However, assessment of the shale gas resource in the Kuqa Depression is new. The shale succession in the Middle–Upper Triassic comprises the Taliqike Formation (T3t), the Huangshanjie Formation (T3h) and the middle–upper Karamay Formation (T2–3k), with an average accumulated thickness of 260 m. The high-quality shale is dominated by type III kerogen with high maturity and an average original total organic carbon (TOC) of about 2.68 wt%. An improved hydrocarbon generation and expulsion model was applied to this self-contained source–reservoir system to reveal the gas generation and expulsion (intensity, efficiency and volume) characteristics of Middle–Upper Triassic source rocks. The maximum volume of shale gas in the source rocks was obtained by determining the difference between generation and expulsion volumes. The results indicate that source rocks reached the hydrocarbon expulsion threshold of 1.1% VR and the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion reached their peak at 1.0% VR and 1.28% VR, with the maximum rate of 56 mg HC/0.1% TOC and 62.8 mg HC/0.1% TOC, respectively. The volumes of gas generation and expulsion from Middle–Upper Triassic source rocks were 12.02 × 1012 m3 and 5.98 × 1012 m3, respectively, with the residual volume of 6.04 × 1012 m3, giving an average gas expulsion efficiency of 44.38% and retention efficiency of 55.62%. Based on the gas generation and expulsion characteristics, the predicted shale gas potential volume is 6.04 × 1012 m3, indicating a significant shale gas resource in the Middle–Upper Triassic in the eastern Kuqa Depression. 相似文献
9.
新能源矿产调查工程进展 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
近年来,由中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心牵头组织实施的“新能源矿产调查工程”,按照工程总体部署,主要开展了黔西、川南、新疆准南、东北三江等地区煤层气地质调查,松辽盆地西斜坡、柴达木盆地北缘油砂、油页岩地质调查,全国液化、气化等特殊用煤资源潜力调查、综合评价与信息系统建设等工作,获取了大量基础数据,取得了川高参1井、杨煤参1井等一系列突破性成果和重要进展,初步掌握了我国煤层气、油页岩、油砂等非常规油气资源以及特殊用煤资源家底。该工程取得的成果在煤层气等行业领域产生重要影响,提振了煤层气勘探开发信心,推动了科技创新与地质调查深度融合,促进了非常规油气学科的发展。 相似文献
10.
四川盆地南缘五峰-龙马溪组页岩气勘探难度大。以滇东北彝良县DD1井页岩气调查井为例,利用钻测井、岩心分析测试等资料评价其页岩气地质条件。滇东北彝良县DD1井的五峰-龙马溪组富有机质页岩厚度较小、有机质丰度低、热演化程度高、含气性差、N2含量高,其主要评价指标与盆地内JY1、N203等盆内页岩气高产井差异明显。在页岩气核心评价参数对比基础之上,对DD1井五峰-龙马溪组页岩气勘探失利的地质因素进行深入分析,认为其原因主要在于3个方面：1）五峰-龙马溪期距离黔中古隆起较近,五峰-龙马溪组下段为浅水潮坪相沉积,缺乏黑色富有机质页岩的物质基础;2）五峰-龙马溪组页岩热演化程度高,导致页岩孔隙度变差;3）五峰-龙马溪组埋深较浅,多种尺度裂缝发育,页岩气逸散严重,页岩气构造保存条件差。对滇东北彝良县DD1井页岩气钻探失利的分析,为盆外五峰-龙马溪组页岩气勘探提供了启示意义。 相似文献
11.
基于扫描电镜-氮气吸脱附和压汞法的页岩孔隙结构研究 总被引：9，自引：6，他引：3
研究页岩孔隙结构特征,对于探讨页岩气赋存机理有重要意义。本文采用扫描电镜(SEM)、氮气吸脱附法与压汞法对鄂尔多斯盆地页岩样品的孔隙结构进行了全面表征,发现所研究区域页岩孔隙类型包括溶蚀孔隙、粒间孔隙和微裂缝;孔径从几个纳米到几百个微米,BET比表面积在7~25 m~2/g之间,孔体积在0.01~0.03 cm~3/g范围。研究结果表明鄂尔多斯盆地页岩具有良好的孔隙结构,孔隙类型丰富,孔径分布范围广泛,其中纳米级孔隙占主导,纳米级孔的存在有利于页岩气的存储,微裂隙的存在则有利于页岩气的运移。说明该区域页岩气的储藏具有良好的基础环境,页岩含气量可能较丰富。 相似文献
12.
基于涪陵焦石坝地区页岩气高产工业气流的推动,四川盆地及其周缘下古生界五峰组龙马溪组页岩已经成为了中国页岩气研究的重点,至今已取得大量相关研究成果,这进一步推动了页岩气研究工作的深入。但作为页岩及页岩气研究的基础--页岩岩相分类这个问题却一直存在明显争议,为此本文全面梳理了国内外页岩岩相分类方案及相关研究,有机结合了国内五峰组龙马溪组页岩的研究和勘探实例,确定了页岩岩相分类的两个核心指标(石英百分含量、纹层发育程度),构建了五峰组龙马溪组页岩岩相的分类流程,建立了9种不同类型的页岩岩相：(1)贫硅不平行纹层页岩;(2)中硅不平行纹层页岩;(3)富硅不平行纹层页岩;(4)贫硅平行纹层页岩;(5)中硅平行纹层页岩;(6)富硅平行纹层页岩;(7)贫硅不明显纹层页岩;(8)中硅不明显纹层页岩;(9)富硅不明显纹层页岩。在系统的页岩岩相分类基础上进一步提出了四川盆地及周缘进行页岩气勘探最有利层段的页岩岩相的三高特征：高石英含量、高TOC含量及高压裂性。 相似文献
13.
世界油页岩资源开发利用现状与发展前景 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
由于世界原油价格的高涨和常规油气资源的短缺,非常规油气资源中的油页岩以资源丰富、经济性和开发利用的可行性成为21 世纪重要的石油补充和替代能源。世界油页岩资源探明储量折算成页岩油约70%分布在美国,其次集中分布在中国、俄罗斯、巴西、加拿大、约旦、澳大利亚和爱沙尼亚等; 中国油页岩资源约85%以上分布在吉林、辽宁和广东省。随着各国重新或开始重视油页岩的开发与利用,油页岩的储量、页岩油的产量和油页岩开发利用的经济价值都呈增长趋势,相应的政策支持力度也在加大。 相似文献
14.
页岩气是指吸附在页岩中的天然气或自生自储在页岩纳米孔隙中连续聚集的天然气。新世纪以来,美国发生的页岩气革命影响了世界油气资源格局; 中国的非常规油气储存量非常可观,是世界上具有页岩气可采储量最大的国家; 但页岩气地质条件、水平钻井、分段压裂等技术储备和页岩气管理经验等还面临很大挑战。近年来,中国大力推进页岩气的开发利用,中石化、中石油和延长油田三家公司在示范区块开发的成功,以及短时间内在勘探开发方面取得的技术突破,标志着中国页岩气的开发已取得了实质性突破。但中国今后是否采取页岩气开发对多元资本开放的模式,还需要进一步研讨。 相似文献
15.
中国西北地区预测和查明的油页岩总资源/储量至少是400亿t,折合页岩油约20亿t,探明的储量多为小型—中型规模。油页岩矿床主要有3种类型:中、晚石炭世滨浅海相沉积矿床、晚二叠世湖湾-湖相沉积矿床以及中生代内陆湖泊相沉积矿床。不同矿区面积相差较大,油页岩单层厚度一般为1～5m,总厚度在不同矿区变化也较大。油页岩多为褐黑色、黑色,略具油脂光泽,含油率5%～10%,矿体多呈层状展布,中、晚石炭世和侏罗纪形成的油页岩矿床多与煤层共生,时代越新,油页岩稀土元素丰度越高。西北地区已查明的油页岩矿均位于大、中城市附近,具有较好的开发利用前景,内蒙古巴格毛德地区是很有远景的找矿区。 相似文献
16.
页岩本身并不生气。以页岩为储层的油气藏,以裂缝为主要储集空间,即传统的裂缝性泥页岩油气藏。北美页岩气在以硅质胶结和以硅岩为主的储层中,产量偏高。这一现象从硅质的来源上,指出页岩气与碱性地幔流体的必然联系。阿巴拉契亚盆地深度3000m以下的页岩气,甲烷同系物碳同位素值完全反序排列,从地球化学角度证明页岩气来自地幔。如果页岩仅仅是储层而非气源岩,我国"页岩气十二五规划"探明页岩气储量6000×108m3和2015年产量65×108m3的目标将失去地质依据。因巨大的环境隐患,页岩气开发所必需的水力压裂法已在英、美、法、德、瑞士、保加利亚、澳大利亚等国立法禁止,在南非推迟发放所有的水力压裂法开采许可证。页岩气开采带来的环保问题不仅仅是有害气体向大气泄露,还有超过260种有害化学物质随着每次10000m3压裂液返排到地表,不断重复地向页岩气开采地区排放,将造成空前的污染。同时造成工业和民用供水短缺。美国页岩气被市场分析师称为"伪商业产品",价格在成本区间内。我国计划到2020年页岩气产量达600 108～1000 108m3,根据美国的经验,起码需要2万口页岩气井,10年内所需投资将达到4000亿～6000亿元。显然,页岩气即将成为吞噬中国几十年经济发展成果的黑洞,即将成为破坏我们生息环境的"切尔诺贝利"。 相似文献
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The pores in shales are mainly of nanometer-scale, and their pore size distribution is very important for the preservation and exploitation of shale gas. This study focused on the organic-rich Lower Silurian black shale from four wells in the Upper Yangtze Platform, and their TOC, mineralogical composition and pore characterization were investigated. Low pressure N2 and CO2 adsorption were conducted at 77.35 K and 273.15 K, respectively, and the pore structures were characterized by modified Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Dubinin-Radushkevich (DR), t-plot, Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) and density functional theory (DFT) methods and then the relationship between pore structure and shale gas sorption capacity was discussed. The results indicate that (1) The Lower Silurian shale has high TOC content of 0.92%–4.96%, high quartz content of 30.6%–69.5%, and high clays content of 24.1%–51.2%. The total specific surface area varies from 7.56 m2/g to 25.86 m2/g. Both the total specific surface area and quartz content are positively associated with the TOC content. (2) Shale samples with higher TOC content have more micropores, which results in more complex nanopore structure. Micropore volumes/surface areas and non-micropore surface areas all increase with the increasing TOC content. (3) A combination of N2 and CO2 adsorption provides the most suitable detection range (~0.3–60 nm) and has high reliability and accuracy for nanopore structure characterization. (4) The TOC content is the key factor to control the gas sorption capacity of the Lower Silurian shale in the Upper Yangtze Platform. 相似文献
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我国二叠系海陆交互相富有机质泥页岩层系分布广泛，主要有以山西组、太原组和龙潭组为代表的形成于滨浅海环境的含煤建造型和以孤峰组、大隆组为代表的含硅质建造型。本文通过大量页岩气富集评价参数资料对比和综合评价，得出两种层系富有机质页岩具有“有机质含量高、热演化适中、含气量高、孔隙度高”等特点，可与四川盆地已经开发的志留系龙马溪组海相页岩参数相媲美。按照页岩气形成富集成藏“岩相控碳、成岩控烃、构造控藏”的三大主控因素，综合评价和优选了鄂尔多斯盆地东缘、沁水盆地、南华北盆地、开江-梁平裂陷槽、城口-鄂西裂陷槽、皖江裂陷槽及湘中、川南-黔西等页岩气勘查远景区，期待对我国二叠系海陆交互相页岩气勘查开发提供支持。 相似文献
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研究区位于滇黔北坳陷威信凹陷的中西部区域——川南低陡褶皱带南缘带,本文利用钻井、野外露头、区域地质等资料,对研究区龙马溪组页岩气基本地质特征进行了分析,并采用体积法对页岩气资源量进行了评价。研究成果表明,区内龙马溪组下段暗色页岩有机质含量及成熟度较高,有机质类型偏腐泥型;岩石脆性矿物含量高,物性一般,总含气量中等,总体与长宁、威远等邻区同层位产气页岩较为相似,并与北美主要产气页岩具有一定可比性。初步估算研究区龙马溪组页岩气资源量24871.8×10~8m~3,展现出良好的勘探前景,但受储层发育、保存条件等影响,页岩气资源分布严重不均,纵向上质量较好的页岩气资源主要集中在龙马溪组底部第1小层,平面上主要分布于研究区北部的川南低陡褶皱带内,该区内保存条件好的宽缓复向斜带和箱状背斜构造带是下步勘探的有利区。 相似文献