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恐龙活动的遗迹 (足迹等 )和遗物 (恐龙蛋和粪化石等 )与恐龙骨骼一样是恐龙活动的直接证据 ,被认为是恐龙化石系列的珍品 .由于我国陆相中生界发育 ,保存的恐龙骨骼、遗迹、遗物化石丰富 ,因此恐龙骨骼及其遗迹化石的研究在世界上占有重要的地位 ,取得了丰硕的研究成果 .我国恐龙足迹化石研究始于 1 92 9年 ,Ｔ .Ｄｅ .Ｃｈａｒｄｉｎ等[1 ] 首次报道了陕西神木发现的恐龙足迹化石 .之后 ,杨钟健(Ｙｏｕｎｇ) [2～5] 先后对四川广元、陕西铜川、河北滦平、云南西双版纳等地的恐龙足迹进行了研究 ;赵资奎[6] 研究了河南内乡的恐龙蛋和恐龙足… 相似文献
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甘肃永靖县盐锅峡早白垩世恐龙足迹1号点的最新发现 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
自 2 0 0 0年报道了甘肃省永靖县发现早白垩世恐龙足迹之后[1 ] ,在国家自然科学基金和甘肃省省长基金的支持下 ,笔者进一步组织了恐龙足迹的发掘、调查和研究 .目前盐锅峡一带约 2ｋｍ2 的区域内 ,发现 1 0个恐龙足迹化石点 ,并对其中 3个化石点进行了发掘 ,发现 2 6 8个足印 .其中恐龙足迹保存最好、发掘面积最大的是 1号点 ,发掘面积约 6 0 0ｍ2 ,保留恐龙足迹 1 7组 ,足印 1 87个 (图 1ａ) .2号化石点发掘面积约 70ｍ2 ,发现恐龙足迹 1 7组 ,足印化石 5 1个 .3号化石点发掘面积约 5 0ｍ2 ,发现足迹化石 2组 ,足印 4个 .其他 7个点未发掘… 相似文献
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重庆綦江地质公园地质遗迹特征及其地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
綦江地质公园发育木化石、恐龙足迹、恐龙骨骼化石、鱼化石、沉积构造、丹霞地貌等地质遗迹景观,木化石和恐龙足迹为园区的导向型景观。木化石分布在侏罗系中统沙溪庙组(J2s)上部砂岩层中,砂岩层含钙质结核,在约300×200m2的砂岩层内共埋藏有60多根木化石,其中一半木化石为钙化作用形成。恐龙足迹集中分布在白垩系上统夹关组(K2j)砂泥岩层中,岩层发育交错层理、波痕和泥裂。在夹关组的3个层位中共发现329个恐龙足迹,其分别属于甲龙类、鸟脚类和兽脚类。园区地质遗迹分布在一套河湖相沉积层中,其形成于内陆河湖网形成之时(如木化石),并随着四川盆地周围的湖泊系统解体而发展(如恐龙足迹),最终随着河流由堆积作用为主的阶段转变为以侵蚀作用为主的阶段而减弱(如丹霞地貌)。白垩纪上统夹关组的恐龙足迹群形成于干热的环境,多类型的恐龙足迹集中分布反映了白垩纪晚期(夹关期)恐龙种群的丰富,恐龙足迹的发现为区域内寻找白垩系地层的恐龙骨骼化石提供了依据。 相似文献
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四川西昌盆地白垩系小坝组尚未发现骨骼化石记录,其白垩系恐龙动物群的信息全赖于足迹化石。2017年,在喜德县洛甘发现小坝组迄今最大型的恐龙足迹群。该足迹点保存了大量的兽脚类足迹。足迹保存条件较差,但具备了基本的形态学特征。总体来看,兽脚类足迹具有尺寸较小(8~13cm),中等中趾前凹(0.5~0.6)和第Ⅱ趾和第Ⅳ趾间较宽趾间角(70°~100°)的特征;少量足迹保存了跖骨垫。初步分析认为,洛甘兽脚类足迹与四川盆地夹关组的兽脚类足迹Eubrontes和Grallator形态类型相似,为两地在白垩纪中期具有类似的恐龙动物群的观点提供了新的证据。该发现对于西昌盆地的古气候、古地理和地层对比都具有重要的意义,足迹详细分类还有待进一步研究。 相似文献
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德尔菲法在全国铁铝资源潜力评价中的应用 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
探讨了德尔菲法2种赋值方法的优缺点,分析了德尔菲法的原理和流程。全国矿产资源潜力评价项目在已经完成铁铝两个矿种预测的基础上,以省(自治区和直辖市)为单位,组织专家运用德尔菲法对全国铁铝矿产的资源量进行了评估,这是德尔菲法第一次在全国范围内进行预测。本次德尔菲预测中给定3个累计概率值:90%、50%、10%,由专家来填写资源量,借助于矿产资源评价的相关软件,在对数据进行一系列检验、调整、再检验的过程后,对3个预测深度500m以浅、1000m以浅和2000m以浅(铝土矿不包含此深度)进行了资源量预测,各省区市预测结果经过汇总整理后,经专家研究论证,认为此次德尔菲法预测铁铝资源量合理有效,全国铁铝资源前景较为乐观。 相似文献
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矿产资源地球化学评价和预测的几个问题 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
在总结国内外勘查地球化学矿产资源评价和找矿预测研究现状和存在问题的基础上，从勘查地球化学角度出发，将矿产资源评价划分为6个级次。提出了全国性、成矿带和矿田级次矿产资源地球化学评价和预测的方法。 相似文献
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矿产勘查的双控论与合理域模型 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
金属成矿省等级体制成矿研究保证程度与技术－经济条件研究保证程度双控制的和对其保证程度相对优选的合理区域,是深化认识矿产勘查－开发客观规律和合理进行评价的新发展,也是把以往仅按在一定地质构造背景基础上,研究不同类型矿床特征及其勘查类型的传统方法。变革为按“景、场、相、床”4个等级体制成矿序次及其随成矿史演化进程的耦合程度,以及有机地结合经济－技术条件进行勘查评价的新方法。重点阐述了等级体制成矿概念的形成、意义和研究内容,提出了地质、技术经济和合理投资的矿产勘查评价三原则,建立了以保证等级体制成矿研究程度和技术－经济条件研究程度双因素控制,以及研究程度相对合理优选区域的矿产勘查模型。 相似文献
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Development and Utilization of the World’s and China’s Bulk Mineral Resources and their Supply and Demand Situation in the Next Twenty Years 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Bulk mineral resources of iron ores, copper ores, bauxite, lead ores, zinc ores and potassium salt play a pivotal role on the world’s and China’s economic development. This study analyzed and predicted their resources base and potential, development and utilization and their world’s and China’s supply and demand situation in the future 20 years. The supply and demand of these six bulk mineral products are generally balanced, with a slight surplus, which will guarantee the stability of the international mineral commodity market supply. The six mineral resources(especially iron ores and copper ores) are abundant and have a great potential, and their development and utilization scale will gradually increase. Till the end of 2014, the reserveproduction ratio of iron, copper, bauxite, lead, zinc ores and potassium salt was 95 years, 42 years, 100 years, 17 years, 37 years and 170 years, respectively. Except lead ores, the other five types all have reserve-production ratio exceeding 20 years, indicative of a high resources guarantee degree. If the utilization of recycled metals is counted in, the supply of the world’s six mineral products will exceed the demand in the future twenty years. In 2015–2035, the supply of iron ores, refined copper, primary aluminum, refined lead, zinc and potassium salt will exceed their demand by 0.4–0.7 billion tons(Gt), 5.0–6.0 million tons(Mt), 1.1–8.9 Mt, 1.0–2.0 Mt, 1.2–2.0 Mt and 4.8–5.6 Mt, respectively. It is predicted that there is no problem with the supply side of bulk mineral products such as iron ores, but local or structural shortage may occur because of geopolitics, monopoly control, resources nationalism and trade friction. Affected by China’s compressed industrialized development model, the demand of iron ores(crude steel), potassium salt, refined lead, refined copper, bauxite(primary aluminum) and zinc will gradually reach their peak in advance. The demand peak of iron ores(crude steel) will reach around 2015, 2016 for potassium salt, 2020 for refined lead, 2021 for bauxite(primary aluminum), 2022 for refined copper and 2023 for zinc. China’s demand for iron ores(crude steel), bauxite(primary aluminum) and zinc in the future 20 years will decline among the world’s demand, while that for refined copper, refined lead and potassium salt will slightly increase. The demand for bulk mineral products still remains high. In 2015–2035, China’s accumulative demand for iron ores(crude steel) will be 20.313 Gt(13.429 Gt), 0.304 Gt for refined copper, 2.466 Gt(0.616 Gt) of bauxite(primary aluminum), 0.102 Gt of refined lead, 0.138 Gt of zinc and 0.157 Gt of potassium salt, and they account for the world’s YOY(YOY) accumulative demand of 35.17%, 51.09%, 48.47%, 46.62%, 43.95% and 21.84%, respectively. This proportion is 49.40%, 102.52%, 87.44%, 105.65%, 93.62% and 106.49% of that in 2014, respectively. From the supply side of China’s bulk mineral resources, it is forecasted that the accumulative supply of primary(mine) mineral products in 2015–2035 is 4.046 Gt of iron ores, 0.591 Gt of copper,1.129 Gt of bauxite, 63.661 Mt of(mine) lead, 0.109 Gt of(mine) zinc and 0.128 Gt of potassium salt, which accounts for 8.82%, 13.92%, 26.67%, 47.09%, 33.04% and 15.56% of the world’s predicted YOY production, respectively. With the rapid increase in the smelting capacity of iron and steel and alumina, the rate of capacity utilization for crude steel, refined copper, alumina, primary aluminum and refined lead in 2014 was 72.13%, 83.63%, 74.45%, 70.76% and 72.22%, respectively. During 2000–2014, the rate of capacity utilization for China’s crude steel and refined copper showed a generally fluctuating decrease, which leads to an insufficient supply of primary mineral products. It is forecasted that the supply insufficiency of iron ores in 2015–2035 is 17.44 Gt, 0.245 Gt of copper in copper concentrates, 1.337 Gt of bauxite, 38.44 Mt of lead in lead concentrates and 29.19 Mt of zinc in zinc concentrates. China has gradually raised the utilization of recycled metals, which has mitigated the insufficient supply of primary metal products to some extent. It is forecasted that in 2015–2035 the accumulative utilization amount of steel scrap(iron ores) is 3.27 Gt(5.08 Gt), 70.312 Mt of recycled copper, 0.2 Gt of recycled aluminum, 48 Mt of recycled lead and 7.7 Mt of recycled zinc. The analysis on the supply and demand situation of China’s bulk mineral resources in 2015–2035 suggests that the supply-demand contradiction for these six types of mineral products will decrease, indicative of a generally declining external dependency. If the use of recycled metal amount is counted in, the external dependency of China’s iron, copper, bauxite, lead, zinc and potassium salt will be 79%, 65%, 26%, 8%, 16% and 18% in 2014, respectively. It is predicted that this external dependency will decrease to 62%, 64%, 20%,-0.93%, 16% and 14% in 2020, respectively, showing an overall decreasing trend. We propose the following suggestions correspondingly.(1) The demand peak of China’s crude steel and potassium salt will reach during 2015–2023 in succession. Mining transformation should be planned and deployed in advance to deal with the arrival of this demand peak.(2) The supply-demand contradiction of China’s bulk mineral resources will mitigate in the future 20 years, and the external dependency will decrease accordingly. It is suggested to adjust the mineral resources management policies according to different minerals and regions, and regulate the exploration and development activities.(3) China should further establish and improve the forced mechanism of resolving the smelting overcapacity of steel, refined copper, primary aluminum, lead and zinc to really achieve the goal of "reducing excess production capacity".(4) In accordance with the national strategic deployment of "One Belt One Road", China should encourage the excess capacity of steel, copper, alumina and primary aluminum enterprises to transfer to those countries or areas with abundant resources, high energy matching degree and relatively excellent infrastructure. Based on the national conditions, mining condition and geopolitics of the resources countries, we will gradually build steel, copper, aluminum and lead-zinc smelting bases, and potash processing and production bases, which will promote the excess capacity to transfer to the overseas orderly.(5) It is proposed to strengthen the planning and management of renewable resources recycling and to construct industrial base of renewable metal recycling.(6) China should promote the comprehensive development and utilization of paragenetic and associated mineral species to further improve the comprehensive utilization of bulk mineral resources. 相似文献
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西藏雅鲁藏布江成矿区矿产资源评价新进展 总被引：29，自引：5，他引：24
雅鲁藏布江成矿区位于青藏高原腹地,目前是中国西部地区地质工作程度极低的地区之一,但成矿条件十分有利。近年来中国地质调查局在该成矿区部署的“雅鲁藏布江成矿区铜多金属资源调查评价”项目取得了一些重要进展,目前已控制了4个大型铜矿床、1个大型铅锌矿床、3个大型富铁矿床的雏形,新提出了一批可供进行预查或普查的新矿产地,中国西部又一大型铜、铁、多金属矿产资源基地的前景在西藏已经初步显现。 相似文献
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中国前寒武纪铁矿床时空分布和演化特征 总被引：17，自引：2，他引：15
前寒武纪是中国铁矿重要成矿期,该时期的铁矿资源／储量占全国的656％。前寒武纪铁矿床类型可分（火山）沉积变质型铁矿床、与火山-侵入活动有关的铁矿床、沉积型铁矿床、复合成矿作用型铁矿床和岩浆型铁矿床五类,再细分为条带状铁建造铁矿床、与细碧角斑质火山-侵入活动有关的中浅变质铁矿床、沉积-变质热液改造型铁矿床等8个亚类。（火山）沉积变质型铁矿床是前寒武纪铁矿床的主要类型,其储量、矿产地和开采量均占全国首位,其中最主要的是条带状铁建造铁矿床亚类,是前寒武纪的特征类型,是仅发育在前寒武纪时期的铁矿床。中国最古老的铁矿床形成于古太古代,新太古代是中国铁矿最重要的形成时期,此期间形成铁矿的储量约占全国铁矿总储量50％,矿床类型是与绿岩带有关的阿尔戈马型条带状铁建造铁矿床。中国前寒武纪铁矿床主要分布在中国东部、陆块区和陆块边缘和内部的裂谷中,其成矿规模、成矿区域、成矿类型和成矿演化特点明显。 相似文献
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滇东地区铂钯无模型定量成矿预测与评价 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
文章对滇东地区在分析、建立致矿地质异常概念模型的基础上,以东川-曲靖图幅为例,探讨了采用铂钯地球化学异常与各种成矿有利地质标志相结合计算成矿有利信息量和单元总信息量,进行无模型指导下的定量成矿预测和评价的方法,圈定、评价了铂钯找矿可行地段5处,找矿有利地段3处,认为有一定的找矿潜力,可供找矿解剖验证.同时指出了该方法普遍适用于其它矿种的预测、评价及其诸多优点. 相似文献