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1.
缅甸中部干旱地区土壤侵蚀的分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
伊落瓦底江中游是缅甸中部著名的干热地带,地壤流失严重。在研究中,首先利用遥感图像（１９９５年的ＴＭ图像,１９９８年的ＴＭ和ＳＰＯＴ图像）进行判读和土壤侵蚀地面实况的野外验证。同时,根据影响封侵蚀的生态环境因子,建立实验区的数字高程模型和窨数据库。然后,在地理信息系统（ＧＩＳ）中进行土壤侵蚀测定以及生态环境因子相关分析。影响土壤侵镅的生态环境因子很多,但植被和耕作方式是人们可以控制的因子。在此基础上 相似文献
2.
图像获取条件对ＳＰＯＴ景像的构成有极大影响，也直接影响对ＳＰＯＴ图像的处理方法。ＳＰＯＴ图像的辅助数据在解析或数字处理中有重要应用。本文对ＳＰＯＴ卫星与视点间的地心角、节距角ω卫星与视点的纬度差异、景像方位角Ｔ、景像尺寸和ＳＰＯＴ图像格网参考系统ＧＲＳ中（Ｋ，Ｊ）与（λ， Ｂ）换算公式进行了推证和分析，并以ＳＰＯＴ辅助数据验证了（Ｋ，Ｊ）与（λ，Ｂ）换算的精度。 相似文献
3.
为了提高利用卫星图像编制土地覆盖分类图的精度，本研究提出将空间信息（结构特征量、分形特征量）叠加到光谱信息上（原图像），以提高分类精度的方法。利用ＳＰＯＴＨＲＶ图像对此法进行了检验，设立了９个探讨项目，对分类精度进行了比较。结果表明，用分形特征量进行分类时ＰＣＣ从８８．１％上升到了９０．２％。 相似文献
4.
基于GIS的中国东北植被综合分类研究 总被引：53，自引：3，他引：50
ＮＯＡＡ／ＡＶＨＲＲ由于运行周期短、覆盖范围大、成本低、波段宽等特点,目前正越来越广泛地受到人们的普遍关注。在大尺度、中尺度植被遥感上,ＮＯＡＡ／ＡＶＨＲＲ具有陆地卫星无法比拟的优势,但在另一方面,ＮＯＡＡＡＶＨＲＲ也存在分辨率低、数据变形较大和几何畸变较严重等问题。这样,在应用ＮＯＡＡＡＶＨＲＲ数据进行大区域植被制图时,植被分类的精度仍待提高。本文从理论上探讨了将地理信息系统提供的地理数据与遥感数据复合的可行性;尝试在ＧＩＳ环境下,将气温、降水、高程３个影响区域植被覆盖的主要指标,按一定的地面网格系统和数学模式进行量化,生成数字地学影像,并使之与经过优化、压缩处理的ＮＯＡＡＡＶＨＲＲ数据进行复合,对复合后的综合影像进行监督分类。分类结果显示,与传统的应用最大似然分类方法对单一遥感图像分类相比,该综合分类方法分类精度提高了１８．３％,该研究方法改变了遥感影像的单一信息结构;丰富了图像的信息含量;完成了地理数据的数字传输、处理、存储及影像化显示。 相似文献
5.
遥感多光谱影像数据与航片数字化影像融合方法的研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
本文探讨利用ＨＩＳ变换对航片化影像分析与遥感多光谱影像ＳＰＯＴ ＸＳ、Ｌａｎｄｓａｔ ＴＭ和ＭＳＳ进行融合的方法，并提出了一种改进的方法。试验结果表明：本文提出的方法行之有效。融合后的影像在很大程度上保留了原多光谱影像的光谱特征，空间分解力较我光谱影像提高到近３倍，清晰度也提高了。因而具有更强的解译和量测能力，能进一步提高分类精度、制作专题图的精度，多时相监测能力等。 相似文献
6.
提出一种建筑物自动化提取架构,基于ＤｅｅｐＬａｂｖ３＋网络模型,使用ＷＨＵ建筑物数据集,完成数据集增强、
模型训练、建筑物提取以及精度评估。实验表明,架构中ＤｅｅｐＬａｂｖ３＋模型分类的总体精度为９６．３％、准确度为
９４．２％、召回率为９２．５％、Ｆ１得分为９３．３％、交并比为８７．５％,优于基于像素的分类方法（支持向量机、Ｋ均值聚类
算法（Ｋ－Ｍｅａｎｓ））和面向对象的分类方法（最邻近节点算法（ＫＮＮ）、分析与回归树）以及基于深度学习的分类方法
（ＵＮｅｔ、ＳｅｇＮｅｔ、ＰＳＰＮｅｔ）。文中构建的高分辨率遥感影像建筑物自动化提取模式,可以完成建筑物高精度高效率的
提取任务。 相似文献
7.
多类别识别对于遥感图像分类的实用化具有重大意义。本文提出一种由多层神经网络与无监督分类相结合的复合分类方法。第一步用多层网络对几个大类进行有监督分类，第二步将网络输出作为无监督分类的输入，对遥感图像进行细分，使得可识别的类别数从原来的１０类提高到３０类。对ＳＰＯＴ遥感图像识别的结果表明，该算法能适应多类别识别任务的要求。 相似文献
8.
应用TM数据估算沿岸海水表层时绿素浓度模型研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本研究以大亚湾为实验区，以陆地卫星ＴＭ数据为信息源，结合表层海水叶绿素浓度实测资料建立模型。在对叶绿素光谱特征及遥感估算叶绿素浓度机理研究基础上，选取了ＴＭＩ—ＴＭ４波段的７５种波段组合为子因素，以叶绿素浓度为母因素，利用灰色系统理论，分析各波段组合与叶绿素浓度之间的关联度。将关联度最大的５种波段组合分别建模，得到５个估算表层海水叶绿素浓度的反演模型。误差分析表明，各模型的最大相对误差在１９％以下，平均绝对相对误差在１１．２％以下，相对标准误差在６．７％以下，模型精度较高。研究表明：（ＴＭ３×ＴＭ４）是估算沿岸海水表层叶绿素浓度的最佳波段组合，采用（ＴＭ３×ＴＭ４）与ＴＭ１、ＴＭ２或ｌｎ（ＴＭ十ＴＭ２）、Ｉｎ（ＴＭ１×ＴＭ２）之比值并不能改善估算精度。 相似文献
9.
近年来，遥感数据越来越普遍地被利用为更新地理信息系统的数据源。但利用ＧＩＳ来改善分类精度的探讨却很少。本文提出了利用ＯＩＳ技术来提取形状信息和改善分类精度的新方法，从而使一些容易混淆的分类得到纠正。 相似文献
10.
在影像数据融合、动态变化监测等遥感影像集成分析和应用中,将来自不同传感器、不同时相获取的影像高精度快速配准是其中的关键技术之一。本文提出了一种不同传感器、不同空间分辨率影像配准的全自动方法,并实际用于ＳＰＯＴ（全色）和ＴＭ（多波段）影像的配准,其精度、可靠性和效率等均明显优于传统的人工方法。 相似文献
11.
Abstract Riparian vegetation has a fundamental influence on the biological, chemical and physical nature of rivers. The quantification of riparian landcover is now recognised as being essential to the holistic study of the ecosystem characteristics of rivers. Medium resolution satellite imagery is now commonly used as an efficient and cost effective method for mapping vegetation cover; however such data often lack the resolution to provide accurate information about vegetation cover within riparian corridors. To assess this, we measure the accuracy of SPOT multispectral satellite imagery for classification of riparian vegetation along the Taieri River in New Zealand. In this paper, we discuss different sampling strategies for the classification of riparian zones. We conclude that SPOT multispectral imagery requires considerable interpretative analysis before being adequate to produce sufficiently detailed maps of riparian vegetation required for use in stream ecological research. 相似文献
12.
Richard Lucas Katie MedcalfAlan Brown Peter BuntingJohanna Breyer Dan Clewley Steve KeyworthPhilippa Blackmore 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2011,66(1):81-102
The Phase 1 Survey is the most comprehensive and widely used national level map of semi-natural habitats in Wales. However, the survey was based largely on field survey and was conducted over several decades, before being completed in 1997. Given that resources for a repeat survey were limited, this study has used an object-orientated rule-based classification implemented within eCognition of multi-temporal satellite sensor data acquired between 2003 and 2006 to map semi-natural habitats and agricultural land across Wales, thereby allowing a progressive update of the Phase 1 Survey. The classification of objects to Phase 1 habitat classes was undertaken in two steps; firstly the landscape of Wales was divided into objects using orthorectified SPOT-5 High Resolution Geometric (HRG) reflectance data (10 m spatial resolution) and Land Parcel Information System (LPIS) boundaries. A rule-base was then developed to progressively discriminate and map the distribution of 105 sub-habitats across Wales based on time-series of SPOT HRG, Terra-1 Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) and Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS) LISS-3 data, derived datasets (e.g., vegetation indices, fractional images) and ancillary information (e.g., topography). The rules coupled knowledge of ecology and the information content of these remote sensing data using a combination of thresholds, Boolean operations and fuzzy membership functions. A second rule-base was then developed to translate the more detailed sub-habitat classification to Phase 1 habitat classes. Indicative accuracies of the revised Phase 1 mapping, based on comparisons with the later Phase 2 survey (for selected habitats), were >80% overall and typically between 70% and 90% for many classes. Through this exercise, Wales has become the first country in Europe to produce a national map of habitats (as opposed to land cover) through object-orientated classification of satellite sensor data. Furthermore, the approach can be adapted to allow continual monitoring of the extent and condition of habitats and agricultural land. 相似文献
13.
Sumith Pathirana 《国际地球制图》2013,28(4):70-81
Abstract The output from any spatial data processing method may contain some uncertainty. With the increasing use of satellite data products as a source of data for Geographical Information Systems (GIS), there have been some major concerns about the accuracy of the satellite‐based information. Due to the nature of spatial data and remotely sensed data acquisition technology, and conventional classification, any single classified image can contain a number of mis‐classified pixels. Conventional accuracy evaluation procedures can report only the number of pixels that are mis‐classified based on some sampling observation. This study investigates the spatial distribution and the amount of these pixels associated with each cover type in a product of satellite data. The study uses Thematic Mapper (TM) and SPOT multispectral data sets obtained for a study area selected in North East New South Wales, Australia. The Fuzzy c‐Means algorithm is used to identify the classified pixels that contained some uncertainty. The approach is based on evaluating the strength of class membership of pixels. This study is important as it can give an indication of the amount of error resulting from the mis‐classification of pixels of specific cover types as well as the spatial distribution of such pixels. The results show that the spatial distribution of erroneously classified pixels are not random and varies depending on the nature of cover types. The proportions of such pixels are higher in spectrally less clearly defined cover types such as grasslands. 相似文献
14.
Abstract Landsat MSS, TM and SPOT XS imageries were used in conjunction with unsupervised, supervised and hybrid classilication techniques to classify land cover types in semi‐arid savannas of Mathison Pastoral Station in the Katherine region of northern Australia. Accuracy assessment was based on field data from 246 ground survey sites over a 745‐km2 study area. Of 14 land cover classes identified by traditional mapping means, all combinations of imageries and classification techniques differentiated at least seven land cover types. The overall accuracy for these classifications ranged between 43% and 67%. SPOT XS image delivered the best accuracy followed by TM and MSS; unsupervised classification performed better than supervised and hybrid methods. User's and producer's accuracy of individual land units ranged from 0% to 100%. Riparian woodlands, woodland on limestone slopes, shrubland on clay plains, woodland on limestone plains and shadows were the best‐mapped classes. The land units that were associated with undulating hills were not mapped accurately. However, incorporation of a digital elevation model (DEM) in a GIS improved the overall accuracy. The user's and producer's accuracy of dominant land cover types were also enhanced. The classification results and the efficacy of the techniques at Mathison were similar to those found for a nearby semi‐arid area (Kidman Springs) about 200 km from Mathison. However, the overall accuracy was lower at Mathison than at Kidman Springs. Spectral classification masks were developed from the SPOT XS and TM imageries at Kidman Springs, and were applied to classify SPOT XS and TM imageries at Mathison. Initial results showed that the classification mask could be successfully extrapolated to map dominant land cover types but only with moderate accuracy (50%). 相似文献
15.
Landslide susceptibility mapping of a catchment area using frequency ratio,fuzzy logic and multivariate logistic regression approaches 总被引：30，自引：0，他引：30
B. Pradhan 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2010,38(2):301-320
Geospatial database creation for landslide susceptibility mapping is often an almost inhibitive activity. This has been the
reason that for quite some time landslide susceptibility analysis was modelled on the basis of spatially related factors.
This paper presents the use of frequency ratio, fuzzy logic and multivariate regression models for landslide susceptibility
mapping on Cameron catchment area, Malaysia, using a Geographic Information System (GIS) and remote sensing data. Landslide
locations were identified in the study area from the interpretation of aerial photographs, high resolution satellite images,
inventory reports and field surveys. Topographical, geological data and satellite images were collected, processed, and constructed
into a spatial database using GIS and image processing tools. There were nine factors considered for landslide susceptibility
mapping and the frequency ratio coefficient for each factor was computed. The factors chosen that influence landslide occurrence
were: topographic slope, topographic aspect, topographic curvature and distance from drainage, all from the topographic database;
lithology and distance from lineament, taken from the geologic database; land cover from TM satellite image; the vegetation
index value from Landsat satellite images; and precipitation distribution from meteorological data. Using these factors the
fuzzy membership values were calculated. Then fuzzy operators were applied to the fuzzy membership values for landslide susceptibility
mapping. Further, multivariate logistic regression model was applied for the landslide susceptibility. Finally, the results
of the analyses were verified using the landslide location data and compared with the frequency ratio, fuzzy logic and multivariate
logistic regression models. The validation results showed that the frequency ratio model (accuracy is 89%) is better in prediction
than fuzzy logic (accuracy is 84%) and logistic regression (accuracy is 85%) models. Results show that, among the fuzzy operators,
in the case with “gamma” operator (λ = 0.9) showed the best accuracy (84%) while the case with “or” operator showed the worst
accuracy (69%). 相似文献
16.
Steven E. Franklin 《国际地球制图》2013,28(4):25-35
Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery and a digital elevation model (DEM) of the Kananaskis Valley in southwestern Alberta have been used to separate three forest types and eight landcover classes with mapping accuracies up to 76% overall. Image transformations based on a principal components analysis (PCA) were used to distinguish vegetation type and separate surface features in visual interpretations, and to reduce the 10 channel data set (TM 1–7, elevation, slope and incidence) to a more manageable 7 channel data set (PCA 1–4, elevation, slope and incidence). The DEM was shown to be critical in providing explanation of surface cover variability even though the original model was produced from medium scale aerial photography on a relatively coarse 100 metre grid. Discrimination increased up to 50% for pure stands of Lodgepole Pine (Pinus contorta Dougl.) and Englemann Spruce (Picea englemanii Parry) based on analysis of 100 pixels in test areas. Overall increases in map accuracy were between 2 and 11%. Success at this level of classification is required prior to detailed ecological study and modelling of mountain vegetation productivity at the community level using current satellite and aerial remote sensing technology. 相似文献
17.
An empirical study was performed assessing the accuracy of land use change detection when using satellite image data acquired ten years apart by sensors with differing spatial resolutions. Landsat/Multi‐spectral Scanner (MSS) with Landsat/Thematic Mapper (TM) or SPOT/High Resolution Visible (HRV) multi‐spectral (XS) data were used as a multi‐data pair for detecting land use change. The primary objectives of the study were to: (1) compare standard change detection methods (e.g. multi‐date ratioing and principal components analysis) applied to image data of varying spatial resolution; (2) assess whether to transform the raster grid of the higher resolution image data to that of the lower resolution raster grid or vice‐versa in the registration process: and (3) determine if Landsat/TM or SPOT/ HRV(XS) data provides more accurate detection of land use changes when registered to historical Landsat/MSS data. Ratioing multi‐sensor, multi‐date satellite image data produced higher change detection accuracies than did principal components analysis and is useful as a land use change enhancement technique. Ratioing red and near infrared bands of a Landsat/MSS‐SPOT/HRV(XS) multi‐date pair produced substantially higher change detection accuracies (～10%) than ratioing similar bands of a Landsat/MSS ‐ Landsat/TM multi‐data pair. Using a higher‐resolution raster grid of 20 meters when registering Landsat/MSS and SPOTZHRV(XS) images produced a slightly higher change detection accuracy than when both images were registered to an 80 meter raster grid. Applying a “majority”; moving window filter whose size approximated a minimum mapping unit of 1 hectare increased change detection accuracies by 1–3% and reduced commission errors by 10–25%. 相似文献
18.
Abstract Coastal wetland is a major part of wetlands in the world. Land cover and vegetation mapping in a deltaic lowland environment is complicated by the rapid and significant changes of geomorphic forms. Remote sensing provides an important tool for coastal land cover classification and landscape analysis. The study site in this paper is the Yellow River Delta Nature Reserve (YRDNR) at the Yellow River mouth in Shangdong province, China. Yellow River Delta is one of the fastest growing deltas in the world. YRDNR was listed as a national level nature reserve in 1992. The objectives of this paper are two fold: to study the land cover status of YRDNR, and to examine the land cover change since it was declared as a nature reserve. Land cover and vegetation mapping in YRDNR was developed using multi‐spectral Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery acquired in 1995. Land cover and landscape characteristics were analyzed with the help of ancillary GIS. Land use investigation data in 1991 were used for comparison with Landsat classification map. Our results show that YRDNR has experienced significant landscape change and environmental improvement after 1992. 相似文献
19.
Inderjit Singh 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》1988,16(4):43-52
LANDSAT-TM has been evaluated for forest cover type and landuse classification in subtropical forests of Kumaon Himalaya (U.P.) Comparative evaluation of false colour composite generated by using various band combinations has been made. Digital image processing of Landsat-TM data on VIPS-32 RRSSC computer system has been carried out to stratify vegetation types. Conventional band combination in false colour composite is Bands 2, 3 and 4 in Red/Green/Blue sequence of Landsat TM for landuse classification. The present study however suggests that false colour combination using Landsat TM bands viz., 4, 5 and 3 in Red/Green/Blue sequence is the most suitable for visual interpretation of various forest cover types and landuse classes. It is felt that to extract full information from increased spatial and spectral resolution of Landsat TM, it is necessary to process the data digitally to classify land cover features like vegetation. Supervised classification using maximum likelihood algorithm has been attemped to stratify the forest vegetation. Only four bands are sufficient enough to classify vegetaton types. These bands are 2,3,4 and 5. The classification results were smoothed digitaly to increase the readiability of the map. Finally, the classification carred out using digital technique were evaluated using systematic sampling design. It is observed that forest cover type mapping can be achieved upto 80% overall mapping accuracy. Monospecies stand Chirpine can be mapped in two density classes viz., dense pine (<40%) with more than 90% accuracy. Poor accuracy (66%) was observed while mapping pine medium dense areas. The digital smoothening reduced the overall mapping accuracy. Conclusively, Landsat-TM can be used as operatonal sensor for forest cover type mapping even in complex landuse-terrain of Kumaon Himalaya (U.P.) 相似文献
20.
Spectrally similar nature of land covers in a glacierized terrain hampers their automated mapping from multispectral satellite data, which may be overcome by using multisource data. In the present study, an artificial neural network (ANN)-based information extraction approach was applied for mapping the Kolahoi glacier and adjoining areas, using Landsat TM (Thematic Mapper) data and several ancillary layers such as image transformations and topographic attributes. Results reveal that ANN (highest overall accuracy (OA): 83.74%) outperforms maximum likelihood classifier (highest OA: 66.90%) and the incorporation of ancillary data into the classification process significantly enhances the mapping accuracy (>9%), particularly the addition of Near Infrared Red/Short Wave Infrared (NIR/SWIR) data to the spectral data. A nine-band combination dataset (spectral data, slope, Red/NIR and decorrelation stretch) was found to be the best multisource dataset. Results of the Z-tests (at 95% confidence level) also corroborate and statistically validate the above findings. 相似文献