共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 437 毫秒
1.
2.
闽江口动力沉积特征的探讨 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
闽江河口为山溪性强潮河口为山溪性强潮河,河发育深受地质构造和动力条件制约,河口沉积物以陆源物质为主,在河流和海洋的相互作用下,塑料造了闽江水下三角洲,并形成了复杂的沉积特征。 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
瓯江河口内外堆积带的形成分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
瓯江河口是一个山溪性强潮河口,感潮河段长79公里,根据水动力特性和地形特点,河口区可分为径流段、过渡段、潮流段和口外海滨,梅岙以下,河流进入海积一冲积平原,河床展宽,沙洲发育,水流分汉,最后经北口、南口分流入海(图1)。 相似文献
8.
钱塘江强潮河段江道缩窄治理研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对钱塘江强潮河段江道缩窄治理进行研究。首先,回顾治理方案的比选,江道全线缩窄时河轴线线路和河道宽度的确定原则,以及不同河段的指数放宽率。然后,介绍了在涌潮汹涌、滩涂淤坍变化剧烈的强潮河段,实施筑堤所采取的工程措施的步序与要点。最后,分析论证了大规模江道缩窄治理后河床、潮汐、洪水位及涌潮高度等特征值的变化。可供进一步深入理论研究和工程施工参考运用。 相似文献
9.
10.
钱塘江河口盐度数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
强潮河口盐水入侵对饮用水源地危害极大。基于平面二维水动力盐度模型, 对典型强潮河口—钱塘江的水动力及盐水入侵过程进行了数值模拟研究。结果表明枯水径流时盐度变化与潮位过程曲线类似, 潮差对盐度大小影响显著, 径流量的增加将逐渐减小其相似程度。当流量增加到一定程度后, 继续增加的一定径流量所产生的抑咸效果减弱, 水资源有效利用率降低, 此时允许水源地盐度超标并改从蓄淡避咸水库取水可有效节约水资源。盐度平面分布显示, 盐水入侵在强潮河口弯道处受涨潮流主流线影响明显, 靠近主流线一岸的盐度大于对岸, 单从盐水入侵角度考虑, 强潮河口弯道段的取水口应设置在远离涨潮流主流线一岸。钱塘江河口盐度数值模拟对于研究减轻盐水入侵对水源地危害的措施具有指导意义。 相似文献
11.
In the present study an integrated ecological risk assessment based on multiple lines of evidence (LOEs) was evaluated in order to better assess the risk from TBT in Dutch harbours and open coastal waters. On the basis of spatial distributions of measured tributyltin (TBT) concentrations in sediments and suspended matter, predictions of the intersex index (ISI) in Littorina littorea and the ecological risk expressed as the Potentially Affected Fraction (PAF) of species were made. The results were compared to actual ISI measurements and presence of L. littorea in the field. The PAF calculated on the basis of TBT levels for open coastal waters ranged from 4.2% to 15.3%; for harbours it ranged from 3.5% to 26.9%. Significant intersex levels were observed only in waters where the risk was calculated above 10% PAF. This study suggests that the absence of L. littorea from some harbours with high ecological risk values can be explained by high TBT concentrations. A call is made for the use of integrated approaches like weight-of-evidence (WOE) to help practitioners improve ecological risk assessment. 相似文献
12.
东海南部与台湾以东海域浮游介形类的群落结构 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
分析东海南部与台湾以东海域浮游介形类的物种和生态类群多样性,并阐述其季节差异与区域差异,同时指出本海区存在4种生态类群,但以高温高盐类群起支配作用.此外,夏、冬两季浮游介形类的丰度有显着的差别,7和12月的均值分别为0.63个/m3和1.22个/m3,而就丰度的水平分布而言,表现出东海南部大于台湾以东海域的分布格局,并在海区的东北部形成数量密集区.同时,还着重阐述本海区的群落结构,本区虽存在3种生态群落,但以外海群落占据绝大部分海域,尤其应指出的是,钓鱼岛邻近海域与台湾北部和东部水域同属于外海群落.最后,分析了由于海域环境因子的变化导致群落生境地理位置的季节性迁移. 相似文献
13.
F. D. Por 《Marine Ecology》1980,1(2):121-131
Abstract. A classification of hypersaline waters is proposed on the basis of the food chain structure of their biota. Four steps of increasing salinity and respective shortening of the food-chains are recognized, respectively named: alpha-, beta-, gamma- and delta-hypersaline waters.
Some general aspects, dealing with cosmopolitism of the biota, production, competition and benthic ecology in hypersaline waters are discussed.
The relevance of ecological studies in hypersaline waters to theoretical ecology and to the new technological uses of saline waters is briefly mentioned. 相似文献
Some general aspects, dealing with cosmopolitism of the biota, production, competition and benthic ecology in hypersaline waters are discussed.
The relevance of ecological studies in hypersaline waters to theoretical ecology and to the new technological uses of saline waters is briefly mentioned. 相似文献
14.
海洋环境管理从以往单纯的海洋污染管理已发展到当前的海洋生态环境综合管理。相应地,海洋环境质量评价也从以往单一的污染状况评价(包括水质、沉积物和生物体)发展到海洋生态环境质量综合评价。重点介绍了2种有代表性并被广泛应用的河口和沿岸海域生态环境质量综合评价方法———欧盟的“生态状况评价综合方法”和美国的“沿岸海域状况综合评价”。比较和评析了2种方法的异同和优缺点。建议尽快建立适合中国河口和沿岸海域特点的海洋生态环境质量综合评价方法以及相应的监测和管理体系。 相似文献
15.
八放珊瑚广泛分布在近岸浅海到深海,以及热带、温带甚至寒带等高纬度海区,在维持海洋生态系统结构完整性和生物多样性方面发挥了重要作用。受气候变化和人类活动影响,八放珊瑚呈现不断衰退趋势,忽视海洋生态系统原生物种自然禀赋的现象明显,尤其是八放珊瑚可供头足类产卵附着的生态功能尚未引起足够重视。本文综合梳理了八放珊瑚的结构和分类、繁殖特性和生殖方式、影响生态因子和退化原因等研究现状和问题,提出针对性保护和修复八放珊瑚的对策与建议,以期为我国重要生态系统保护和修复重大工程的实施提供基础资料。 相似文献
16.
基于QuickBird影像上珊瑚礁发育状况监测实验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
珊瑚礁生态系统具有很高的生物多样性和重要的生态功能。20世纪80年代以后全球范围内珊瑚礁的大面积退化引起了人们广泛的关注。利用高分辨多光谱QuickBird影像,基于珊瑚礁几何参数与发育指数对南沙典型岛礁发育进行遥感监测,在珊瑚礁体迎风面水域由破波形成的纹理特征表明了海面粗糙度与水下礁坪的发育特性。结果表明,南沙岛礁受地质与气候的影响发育程度不一,半月礁发育较好,发育指数为0.38,仙娥礁发育指数为0.27。建立几何参数等指标能够监测南沙珊瑚礁的发育状况,可对珊瑚礁的保护提供科学依据。 相似文献
17.
海草床是珍贵的“海底草原”,具有十分重要的生态服务功能。上世纪90年代,烟台曾分布有4种海草,尚不明确海草的分布现状。本研究结合了现场调查、声呐探测等手段,查清了烟台市莱州市至莱山区沿海海草的分布现状,发现了一处位于烟台市套子湾的面积为51.90 ha的鳗草-日本鳗草混合草床,并对鳗草、日本鳗草的生态特征进行了调查。调查发现烟台现存海草仅有2种,部分草床严重退化,亟需对现存海草进行保护与监测,以遏制海草的退化速度。 相似文献
18.
R. Warren Flint 《Marine Chemistry》1985,16(4):351-367
It is believed that the ecological balance and productivity of marine coastal environments are directly related to nutrient supplies from various sources including riverine-estuarine-coastal exchange, upwelling, precipitation, nitrogen fixation, and nutrient regeneration. In south Texas coastal waters, where phytoplankton productivity is comparable to other high productive coastal areas, many nutrient sources are suspected, but are not equally important in supplying sufficient nutrients to drive coastal production dynamics. Nitrogen regeneration from the benthos is implicated from a 2.5-y study of the nutrient cycling processes important in contributing to production levels in these waters. Sediments of the south Texas coastal habitat appear to exhibit a sensitive coupling with overlying waters, where a strong negative correlation exists between the random periodicity of external supplies of ‘new’ nitrogen to the coastal system and the rate at which nitrogen is recycled by sediments. This pattern buffers these waters against extended periods of low input of nutrients from external sources. The development of a conceptual scheme for nutrient cycling in this coastal habitat has provided a more holistic framework from which we can derive an objective assessment of the importance of mechanisms in the system. All data collected so far suggest that the primary production of organic matter and passage through the benthic habitat of these coastal waters is an important pattern responsible for the continued maintenance of productivity in the south Texas coastal ecosystem. 相似文献
19.
20.
In late summer to autumn 1987, 96 rivers throughout New Zealand were sampled in baseflow (< median flow) conditions, usually on three separate occasions. A wide range of water quality determinands were analysed to characterise water quality comprehensively at lower than median flows. River waters in New Zealand range widely in composition, particularly plant nutrients, but tend to be more dilute than world average freshwater (WAFW) because run‐off (specific yield) of water is generally high. Sodium and calcium are the most important cations in New Zealand rivers which can be described as “calcium‐sodium bicarbonate waters”, whereas WAFW is calcium bicarbonate water. Almost all river sites met existing guidelines and standards for drinking water, ecological protection, and freshwater fisheries. 相似文献