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1.
韧性剪切变形对岩石地球化学行为的制约——以北阿尔金巴什考供韧性剪切带为例 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
韧性剪切变形对岩石地球化学行为的制约一直是地质学家们探讨的课题。本文以构成北阿尔金红柳沟——拉配泉俯冲碰撞杂岩带与北阿尔金地块边界的巴什考供斜向逆冲型韧性剪切带为例，通过对韧性剪切带内花岗岩变形前后不同变形强度构造岩的地球化学组成进行对比，确定等比线斜率，探讨韧性变形对岩石体积和成分变异的影响。计算结果表明，在糜棱岩化过程中，糜棱岩化花岗岩体积亏损21％，花岗质糜棱岩体积亏损31％。质量平衡计算结果和等比线图表明，韧；陛剪切作用导致SiO2，流失量最大，A12O3、K2O及Ba、Rb、Sr等都有不同程度的丢失，显示出较强的活动性，MnO、P2O5、Sc位于等比线上或附近，表现出相对的稳定性。岩石中活动组分的变异是流体渗滤作用引起的，不活动组分的变异是体．积亏损造成的。 相似文献
2.
The rocks within the Singhbhum shear zone in the North Singhbhum fold belt, eastern India, form a tectonic melange comprising
granitic mylonite, quartz-mica phyllonite, quartz-tourmaline rock and deformed volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks. The granitic
rocks show a textural gradation from the least-deformed variety having coarse-to medium-grained granitoid texture through
augen-bearing protomylonite and mylonite to ultramylonite. Both type I and type II S-C mylonites are present. The most intensely
deformed varieties include ultramylonite. The phyllosilicate-bearing supracrustal rocks are converted to phyllonites. The
different minerals exhibit a variety of crystal plastic deformation features. Generation of successive sets of mylonitic foliation,
folding of the earlier sets and their truncation by the later ones results from the progressive shearing movement. The shear
sense indicators suggest a thrust-type deformation. The microstructural and textural evolution of the rocks took place in
an environment of relatively low temperature, dislocation creep accompanied by dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization
being the principal deformation mechanisms. Palaeostress estimation suggests a flow stress within the range of 50–190 MPa
during mylonitization. 相似文献
3.
The Santa Rosa mylonite zone developed predominantly from a granodiorite protolith in the eastern margin of the Peninsular
Ranges batholith. A wide variation in K−Ar biotite dates within the zone is shown to reflect the times of cooling through
closure temperatures whose variability is chiefly a result of deformation-induced reduction in grain size. We suggest that
such variation generally may be exploited to place constraints on the timing of deformation episodes. Previous workers have
shown that deformation in the Santa Rosa mylonite zone involved the formation of mylonites and an imbricate series of low-angle
faults which divide the area into structural units. Field work, petrographic studies, and TEM analysis of deformation mechanisms
in biotite show that the granodiorite mylonite, the lowermost structural unit, formed below the granodiorite solidus. The
granodiorite mylonite varies from protomylonite to ultramylonite, with regions of high strain distributed heterogeneously
within the zone. Previously reported biotite and hornblende K−Ar dates from the granodiorite protolith below (82–89 Ma) and
the Asbestos Mountain granodiorite above (61–68 Ma) the mylonite zone indicate dramatically dissimilar thermal histories for
the lowermost and uppermost structural units. Other workers' fission track dates on sphene, zircon, and apatite from the granodiorite
mylonite and the Asbestos Mountain granodiorite suggest thermal homogenization and rapid cooling to ∼100° C by ca 60 Ma. Within
and adjacent to the mylonite zone, K−Ar dates on 5 samples of biotite from variably deformed granodiorite range from 62–76
Ma; dates are not correlated with structural depth but clearly decrease with degree of deformation and concomitant grain size
reduction. 40Ar/39Ar incremental heating analyses of biotite from the granodiorite protolith reveals no evidence of excess argon and produces
a relatively flat age spectrum. 40Ar/39Ar incremental heating analysis of biotite from the granodiorite mylonite discloses discordance consistent with 39Ar recoil loss. K analysis of samples, allowing K−Ar dates to be calculated, is therefore recommended as an adjunct to 40Ar/39Ar step heating analysis in rocks that have experienced similar deformation. During mylonitization, biotite grain size reduction
through intracrystalline cataclasis results in estimated grain dimensions as small as 0.05 μm locally within porphyroclasts
as large as 1 mm. Because biotite compositions are relatively Uniform (Fe/[Fe+Mg+Mn+Ti+AlVI]=0.47–0.52) and show no systematic variation with grain size, compositional dependence of activation energy and diffusivity
can be eliminated as sources of variation in Ar retention. Ar closure temperatures, calculated with appropriate diffusion
parameters for the observed grain sizes, are in the range ∼220–280° C and define a cooling curve consistent with a thermal
history intermediate between those of the granodiorite protolith below and the Asbestos Mountain granodiorite above the mylonite
zone. Changes in the slope of the cooling curve indicate that the main deformation episode initiated at or above ca 330° C
(∼80 Ma), above the closure temperature for thermally activated diffusion of argon in biotite, and continued to a minimum
of ca 220–260° C (∼62 Ma). 相似文献
4.
北京地区云蒙山变质核杂岩在白垩纪阶段抬升的早期,伴随着沿四合堂剪切带由北向南的拆离滑脱和大型花岗闪长岩的垂向侵位,晚期变形发生在花岗闪长岩岩基周边及其邻近围岩中,形成云蒙山剪切带,并伴随大量同构造的花岗岩和伟晶岩岩脉灌入。剪切带中所有的岩脉都随时间发生了不同程度的变形,较老的岩脉形成紧闭的圆柱状褶皱,枢纽与剪切带的线理和面理接近平行。岩脉与剪切带中L-S组构的平行化作用主要是由于这种转动的结果。岩脉的成分和长英指数随它们的变形程度发生变化,说明持续的岩浆分异作用与韧性剪切变形是同时发生的。云蒙山剪切带由岩浆底辟引起的上盘岩石重力所驱动,并不断得到同构造侵位岩脉的补充,起到存储和不断改造侵位岩脉的作用。早期伸展体制下形成的四合堂剪切带局部遭受云蒙山剪切带的改造或复合。该地区的岩石、构造和同构造岩脉的变形几何学和运动学证据表明,太古宙结晶基底的抬升是下部岩浆底辟与上部地壳伸展拆离共同作用的结果。 相似文献
5.
The Jura-Cretaceous Peninsular Ranges batholith (PRB) of Southern and Baja California contains a remarkable example of variation in crustal composition and structure across a batholith-parallel lithospheric-scale discontinuity. This lithospheric boundary between western oceanic-floored and eastern continental-floored crust influenced contractional deformation, arc magmatism, and differential exhumation of western and eastern zones in the batholith during its evolution.In the Sierra San Pedro Martir of Baja California, Mexico, a ca. 20 km wide, doubly vergent fan structure occurs across the PRB basement transition that consists of inward-dipping mylonite thrust sheets on the sides of the fan that gradually transition to a steeply-dipping tectonized zone in the center. A dramatic inverted metamorphic gradient occurs on the western side of this structure where mid-crustal amphibolite metamorphic grade rocks with peak pressures of 5–6 kbar in the center of the fan were thrust over upper-crustal sub-greenschist grade rocks (peak pressures < 2 kbar) in the western zone footwall. An inverted but smaller gradient occurs on the eastern side of the structure where rocks of the fan interior have been thrust eastwards over amphibolite to upper greenschist grade rocks (peak pressures 4–5 kbar).Gradients in cooling ages determined by 40Ar/39Ar biotite and K-feldspar and apatite fission track methods coupled with U–Pb zircon ages and Al in hornblende thermobarometry studies on plutons across this zone indicate that structures focused along the transition zone between contrasting lithosphere in the PRB accommodated nearly 15 km of the differential exhumation of western and eastern basement in the orogen. The western zone of the batholith was a major forearc depo-center for thick clastic sequences derived from the uplifting eastern PRB and remained at low average elevation during the Late Cretaceous and Paleogene. In contrast the eastern zone experienced dramatic uplift subsequent to achieving a crustal thickness in excess of 55 km by mid-Cretaceous time. This region had the isostatic potential for 4–5 km surface elevations, and likely formed a topographically high orogenic plateau. Exhumation of the fan structure initiated after 100 Ma and was largely complete by 85 Ma. Eastward-migrating unroofing of the rest of the eastern PRB continued into the Paleogene.A variety of factors were responsible for exhumation in this region. Structural thickening of the eastern zone of the orogen resulted from more than 30 million years of episodic contractional deformation in the fan structure, much of which followed island arc accretion of the western zone along this segment of the batholith. An episode of voluminous magmatism involving the intrusion of the 99–92 Ma La Posta-type magmatic suite across the eastern zone of the PRB triggered exhumation in the fan structure. Denudation in this region appears to have been solely by erosion; no evidence has been found for extensional tectonics during this time. This arc orogen demonstrates the important influence of inherited tectonic boundaries in controlling the spatial distribution of structural thickening and magmatism. It also displays the complex interrelationships among structural thickening, exhumation, and the role of magmatism in triggering exhumation episodes within orogens. 相似文献
6.
The Bitterroot metamorphic core complex is an exhumed, mid-crustal, plutonic–metamorphic complex that formed during crustal thickening and subsequent extension in the hinterland of the North American Cordilleran Orogen, in the northern Idaho batholith region. Extension was accommodated mainly on the Bitterroot mylonite zone, a 500–1500-m-thick shear zone that deforms granitic intrusive rocks as young as 53–52 Ma, as well as older high-grade metamorphic rocks and plutons. Exhumation of the core complex, in Eocene time, is marked in the shear zone by the transition from amphibolite-facies mylonitization, to greenschist-facies mylonitization, chloritic brecciation, to brittle faulting that progressed from shallower crustal levels in the west to deeper crustal levels in the east from ca. 53 –30 Ma based on U–Pb, Ar–Ar, and fission-track data. Apatite and zircon fission-track data record the lower-temperature part of the exhumation history and help define when the shear zone became inactive, as well as the transition from rapid, core complex-style extension to slower basin-and-range-style extension. They indicate that the western part of the complex was exhumed to within 1–2 km of the surface by 48–45 Ma, while the eastern part of the complex was still at amphibolite-facies conditions and that the eastern part of the complex was not exhumed below 60 °C until after 30 Ma. Younger apatite fission-track ages (≤26 Ma) on the eastern range front of the Bitterroot Mountains suggest that the present topographic expression of the mylonite front was due to Miocene high-angle faulting and widening of the Bitterroot Valley. 相似文献
7.
桐柏-大别南缘变质流体变质-变形特征及构造意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
前人研究认为桐柏山主要是由桐柏核部杂岩单元组成,它是一个早白垩世花岗质片麻岩杂岩体,其中包含一定的三叠纪中高级变质岩石,后期一起经历相同的构造变形过程,在南北两侧形成剪切旋向完全相反的两条大型韧性剪切带,殷店-马垅剪切带就是南边的华南板块由SSE→NNW挤压作用下,在斜切大别造山带的方向上产生的右行平移断裂带。在野外进行地质考察的过程中,发现在该地区变质流体的分布具有一定的规律。因此,本文通过对殷店-马垅剪切带地质特征、走滑性质、糜棱岩及糜棱岩化岩石的变质变形,剪切带内长英质脉体物质组成、变形特征及物质来源等方面研究,探讨剪切带中变质流体的分布规律以及变质变形与变质流体之间的关系。 相似文献
8.
Aiming Lin Tadashi Maruyama Stallard Aaron Katsuyoshi Michibayashi Alfredo Camacho Ken-ichi Kano 《Tectonophysics》2005,402(1-4):21
The Woodroffe thrust, central Australia, is a > 1.5-km-wide mylonitized shear zone marked by large volumes of mm- to cm-scale pseudotachylyte veins. The pseudotachylytes display typical melt-origin features, including rounded and embayed clasts, spherulitic and dentritic microlites, and flow structures within a fine-grained matrix. Three types of pseudotachylyte are identified on the basis of deformation texture, vein morphology, and host-rock lithology: cataclasite-related (C-Pt), mylonite-related (M-Pt), and ultramylonite-related (Um-Pt). The M-Pt and Um-Pt veins intrude into mylonite and ultramylonite and are themselves overprinted by subsequent mylonitization. These pseudotachylytes contain an internal foliation defined by flattened porphyroclasts and layering of the fine-grained vein matrix, and the foliation is generally oriented parallel to foliation in the surrounding mylonite and ultramylonite. These observations constrain the timing and environment of M-Pt and Um-Pt pseudotachylyte formation to a protracted period of deformation and mylonitization within the ductile regime of the crust. The M-Pt and Um-Pt veins, as well as the host mylonite, are overprinted by cataclasis and multiple generations of late-stage C-Pt veins that were generated in the brittle-dominated regime of the upper crust during uplift and exhumation of the shear zone.The coexistence of multiple generations of voluminous C-Pt, M-Pt, and Um-Pt veins indicates that the pseudotachylyte veins represent a large number of large earthquakes and accompanying seismic slip over an extended period of seismicity on the Woodroffe thrust. The timing and distribution of pseudotachylyte indicate that the earthquakes nucleated at the base of the brittle-dominated seismogenic zone and propagated down through the brittle–ductile transition into the ductile-dominated regime of the crust. 相似文献
9.
海南岛戈枕脆、韧性叠加剪切带基本特征及其成矿意义 总被引：9，自引：7，他引：9
戈枕脆、韧性叠加剪切带为一条呈北东向横贯海南岛土外山金矿区的窄长线性强应变带,具有显著的塑性流变、剪切应变及递进演化的特点。带内岩石表现出强烈的韧性变形和糜棱岩化及叠加的碎袭岩化,以及绿片岩相退化变质作用,形成一套由不同时代不同类型岩石的糜棱岩、碎袭岩所组成,呈似透镜状平行产出的剪切带。其中较显著的是产生一套类似混合岩外貌的长英质糜棱岩系列岩石。戈枕脆、韧性叠加剪切带的发现和确定对研究土外山金矿床的成因以及进一步找矿具有十分重要的意义。 相似文献
10.
12.
新疆萨尔托海石英菱镁岩中发育的韧性剪切带及其对金矿的控制 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
萨尔托海金矿产在达拉布特蛇绿混杂岩带中。本文首次在该金矿区厘定出韧性剪切带,糜棱岩或者糜棱岩化石英菱镁岩中构成糜棱面理的矿物(铬云母、石英)形成于韧性剪切变形过程中,而切割糜棱面理的方解石-石英-黄铜矿-白云母脉代表脆性变形阶段的流体活动。根据矿物组合相互切割关系,识别出三期构造变形:早期NE向韧性变形(形成铬云母-石英组合)之后,发生了应力方向显著不同的破裂,形成NNW向分布的方解石-石英-黄铜矿-白云母脉;再晚期,应力方向又恢复到NE向,发育了浅层次的脆性构造破坏,形成了白云母-石英细脉。韧性剪切变形向脆性变形转换期间形成了石英-碳酸盐脉,其中往往含硫化物和自然金,此阶段是萨尔托海金矿的主要成矿时期。韧性剪切带控制着萨尔托海地区的金矿分布,成矿作用主要受沿剪切带迁移流体的控制,穿切糜棱面理的方解石-石英-黄铜矿-白云母脉是主要的找矿标志。韧性剪切带对金矿的显著控制表明,韧脆性转换期间形成的含硫化物石英碳酸盐脉以及相伴生的热液蚀变使金富集成矿,矿体一般赋存在断裂构造复杂的膨胀部位。萨尔托海金矿的成因与蛇绿岩的形成和演化没有关系。对韧性剪切带的系统研究是在该地区取得找矿勘探突破的关键。 相似文献
13.
Rock Deformation, Component Migration and ^18O/^16O Variations during Mylonitization in the Southern Tan-Lu Fault Belt 
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下载免费PDF全文 YANG Xiaoyong LIU Deliang FENG Min YU Qingni WANG Kuiren 《《地质学报》英文版》2007,81(2):297-311
This paper discusses the relationship between the volume loss, fluid flow and component variations in the ductile shear zone of the southern Tan-Lu fault belt. The results show that there is a large amount of fluids flowing through the shear zone during mylonitization, accompanied with the loss of volume of rocks and variations of elements and oxygen isotopes. The calculated temperature for mylonitization in different mylonites ranges from 446 to 484℃, corresponding to that of 475 to 500℃ for the wall rocks. The condition of differential stress during mylonization has been obtained between 99 and 210 MPa, whereas the differential stress in the wall rock gneiss is 70-78 MPa. The mylonites are enriched by factors of 1.32-1.87 in elements such as TiO2, P2O5, MnO, Y, Zr and V and depleted in SiO2, Na2O, K2O, Al203, Sr, Rb and light REEs compared to their protolith gneiss. The immobile element enrichments are attributed to enrichments in residual phases such as ilmentite, zircon, apatite and epidote in mylonites and are interpreted as due to volume losses from 15% to 60% in the ductile shear zone. The largest amount of SiO2 loss is 35.76 g/100 g in the ductile shear zone, which shows the fluid infiltration. Modeling calculated results of the fluid/rock ratio for the ductile shear zone range from 196 to 1192 by assuming different degrees of fluid saturation. Oxygen isotope changes of quartz and feldspar and the calculated fluid are corresponding to the variations of differential flow stress in the ductile shear zone. With increasing differential flow stress, the mylonites show a slight decrease of δ^18O in quartz, K-feldspar and fluid. 相似文献
14.
通过1：25万厦门市、东山县幅区域地质调查．在福建沿海动力变质带南段中同种原岩不同变形强度的动力变质岩进行了岩石化学分析,揭示了晚侏罗世侵入岩在动力变质过程中,从未变形岩石到糜棱岩化岩石、初糜棱岩、糜棱岩、超糜棱岩的变化过程中岩石化学成分的变化规律。该研究为动力变质岩的原岩恢复提供了依据,并为岩石韧性变形过程中岩石化学成分迁移这一理论研究提供了资料。 相似文献
15.
构造层次是指在一定温度、压力条件下,由一定方式的构造力作用在岩石或岩石组合中形成一套特定的构造形迹群,不同类型、样式及组成的构造形迹群代表了不同温度、压力条件下构造变形产物。与此相应又有深部,中部及浅部层次的划分,以及居于其间的多个过渡类型。不同层次构造变形的代表性物质组成是变晶糜棱岩带（构造片麻岩带）、糜棱岩带,构造片岩和破裂岩等。据此提出深层次构造变形与变晶糜棱岩型金矿有关、中、深层次构造变莆 相似文献
16.
内蒙古东五分子地区韧性剪切变质作用的特征 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
东五分子地区花岗-绿岩地体经受了三种类型变质作用的改造。韧性剪切带不仅控制了区域变质岩组合的分布,而且也导致其变质作用的强度出现了逆转序列。根据岩石的结构、碎斑含量及矿物成分,韧性剪切变质岩划分为三类,其共同特点是具有碎斑结构。其变形结构分为单矿物型及组合型。同一块韧性剪切变质岩由处在单变平衡的一组矿物组成。根据岩石变形及重结晶的特点,结合其产状,确定出两种不同类型韧性剪切变质带。共生矿物对的研究证明它们形成于地壳不同深度及温度、压力条件。本区的金矿化、运移、沉淀与韧性剪切变质带紧密相关。 相似文献
17.
武功山东区存在一条大型韧性剪切带。鞘褶皱倒向以及旋转变形构造(如S-C面理组构、旋转碎斑系、雪球构造和粒内显微破裂构造等)显示此剪切带为由南向北逆冲推覆性质。砾石、黄铁矿还原斑和石英斑晶的有限应变分析表明剪切带西段和东段岩石分别以收缩型椭球和压扁型椭球变形为特征。剪切带的主要变形时代是早古生代,可能与早古生代华夏陆块和扬子陆块之间的碰撞造山作用有关。 相似文献
18.
糜棱岩型金矿金元素丰度与构造变形的关系 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
蚀变糜棱岩型金矿是一种成矿机制与放因素都与韧性剪切带及其糜棱岩密切相关的金矿床类型。研究表明：①深部韧性剪切变形是元素分异迁出区,未叠加蚀变矿化的糜棱岩变形越强,Ａｕ丰度就越低;②中浅层次变形域是Ａｕ元素聚集区,矿化发生于韧性剪切带糜棱岩抬升至较浅部位叠加了韧脆性变形阶段。构造变形超强的糜棱岩,越易叠加矿化,Ａｕ元素丰度越高;③强变形或者大构造并应力不仅是促使Ａｕ元素活化分异、形成含Ａｕ热液、使Ａ 相似文献
19.
ABSTRACT In the Woodroffe Thrust mylonite zone, central Australia, recrystallization in plagioclase and K-feldspar involved subgrain rotation, assisted by grain-boundary or kink band boundary bulging, without contribution from a change in the chemical composition from host grains to new grains. The size of subgrains and new grains changes across the mylonite zone, apparently as a function of the strain rate and the H2O content of the rock. The partitioning of deformation into zones of progressive shearing and progressive shortening controls the sites of recovery and recrystallization in feldspar during mylonitization. The size of feldspar porphyroclasts in well developed mylonites is governed by the scale of deformation partitioning reached in the earlier stages of mylonitization, before the formation of a large proportion of fine-grained matrix that can accommodate the progressive shearing component of the deformation. Recrystallization occurs in microcline, apparently without involving a translation to a monoclinic structure, as microcline-twinned new grains are common adjacent to microcline-twinned host grains. K-feldspar triclinicity values calculated from XRD traces increase from the margins to the interior of the mylonite zone, in conjunction with deformation intensity. K-feldspar host grains locally have cores of orthoclase or untwinned microcline, surrounded by mantles of twinned microcline, suggesting a relationship between the presence of microcline twinning and the degree of K-feldspar triclinicity. 相似文献