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高压超高压变质作用中的流体 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
文章强调了高压和超高压变质岩中流体包裹体的研究意义,重点论述了几个问题:(1)高压和超高压变质岩中流体包裹体的成分以含N2量高为特点,在大别山含柯石英榴辉岩中找到的高压榴辉岩阶段捕获的原生包裹体,其中气相组分含CO(摩尔分数)为14%,表明流体来源于深部。原生流体包裹体的保存,要求在p-T区间内的抬升轨迹与等容线近于平行。(2)在大别山高压和超高压榴辉岩中首次确认熔融包裹体的存在,由硅酸盐玻相和以CO2为主要成分的气相组成,并发现熔融包裹体中的玻相成分与主矿物相近。(3)高压和超高压变质期间的局部流体迁移可由榴辉岩中流体包裹体和矿物同位素成分(H-C-O)来显示。(4)高压和超高压变质中流体-熔体-岩石(矿物)相互作用是一个非常复杂的过程,并证实在榴辉岩相p-T条件下岩石的部分熔融。(5)变质流体的成分与变质级之间存在着相关关系。 相似文献
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鲁东南岚山头含柯石英榴辉岩主要产于花岗质片麻岩内,是苏鲁超高压变质带主要榴辉岩体密集分布区之一。流体包裹体研究表明,榴辉岩矿物及细脉石英中捕获有四种类型包裹体:在超高压-高压榴辉岩相条件下捕获的 N_2±CO_2包裹体;在高压榴辉宕重结晶阶段被捕获的 CO_2-H_2O 包裹体和含子矿物高盐度 H_2O 溶液包裹体:在超高压岩石折返过程中的最晚(角闪岩相退变质甚至更晚)阶段捕获的低盐度 H_2O 溶液包裹体。利用榴辉岩矿物及脉体石英中捕获的流体包裹体相互期次关系,可以对本区超高压变质作用板片折返过程中的流体演化史进行重建。 相似文献
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吉林海沟金矿床成矿流体的地球化学特征 总被引:15,自引:1,他引:15
海沟金矿床石英中含丰富的三相CO2-NaCl-H2O和两相富CO2包裹体,并与两相的NaCl-H2O包裹体共生。成矿流体富含CO2,并有2种类型和来源:高盐度富CO2的NaCl-H2O溶液,来源于浆热液;低盐度NaCl-H2O溶液,来自古大气降水。成矿最佳温度为220-300℃,流体静压力为4-20MPa,矿化深度为1-3km,流体盐度为2-7ω(NaCl)/10^-2,总密度为0.644g/cm 相似文献
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小秦岭地区花岗岩体中CO2—H2O包裹体的找矿意义 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
小秦岭地区与金矿成因有关的燕山期文峪花岗岩及其派生石英脉中发育了非常丰富的CO2-H2O包裹体,其流体为富含CO2的低盐度(<10%NaCl)流体,这与含金石英脉内的包裹体类型及金矿成矿流体性质上十分相似。与金矿成因无关的华山岩体内包裹体类型则为水溶液包裹体,流体性质为贫CO2的低盐度流体。与金矿有关,但其周围矿化很差的娘娘山岩体内CO2-H2O包裹体数量很少。因此,CO2-H2O包裹体可以作为与金矿成因有关的花岗岩体关联程度的判别标志,而CO2-H2O包裹体的丰度可以作为金矿床品位和规模评价及成矿前景展望的依据 相似文献
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莺—琼盆地1号断裂带含烃热流体活动初探 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
1号断裂带是莺-琼盆地油气勘探的重点地区之一,有机包裹体研究有助于追踪油气及热流体活动的痕迹,为油气运聚成藏提供地球化学依据,通过包裹体薄片镜下观察,均一温度和盐度测试,认为工区内发育五种类型的有机包裹体:(1)液态烃包裹体;(2)气流态烃包裹体;(3)气态烃包裹体;(4)含烃CO2包裹体;(5)烃子矿物包裹体,含烃CO2包裹体一般与气态烃共生,含烃子矿物包裹体既无液态烃共生又与气态烃共生,包裹体 相似文献
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华南花岗岩岩浆期后热液与铀成矿热液的初步对比 总被引:9,自引:2,他引:7
以华南两个复式岩体中的中生代(主要是燕山期)花岗岩为例,通过对石英中原生流体包裹体类型、分布特征、均一温度、盐度、压力、形成深度的确定,结构包裹体成分分析,并与华南部分铀矿床成矿流体进行对比,认为高温高压、低CO2和HCO3^-,低fo2,是制约华南含铀花岗岩体在成岩过程中分异出的岩浆流体不能活化自身携带的铀,而形成与花岗岩侵入同期铀矿的主要原因。 相似文献
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CSAMT 法在辽西康杖子区深部探矿中的应用 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
可控源音频大地电磁法(CSAMT)具有探测深度大、横向分辨率高、抗干扰能力强的特点,在深部找矿勘探中有着重要的指导意义。肖家营子铜钼矿床是辽西地区一个大型矽卡岩型金属矿床,大部分矿体是隐伏矿体,矿区外围的康杖子区与本区有相似的成矿地质环境,成矿地质条件优越.矿体与围岩电性差异明显,通过应用CSAMT,矿体具有低电阻特点,根据成果推断解释,对深部有利成矿部位进行了钻探验证,取得了理想的探矿效果,在矿区外围取得第二深度空间找矿重大突破。 相似文献
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Trends in landslide occurrence in Nepal 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
David N. Petley Gareth J. Hearn Andrew Hart Nicholas J. Rosser Stuart A. Dunning Katie Oven Wishart A. Mitchell 《Natural Hazards》2007,43(1):23-44
Nepal is a mountainous, less developed kingdom that straddles the boundary between the Indian and Himalayan tectonic plates.
In Nepal, landslides represent a major constraint on development, causing high levels of economic loss and substantial numbers
of fatalities each year. There is a general consensus that the impacts of landslides in countries such as Nepal are increasing
with time, but until now there has been little or no quantitative data to support this view, or to explain the causes of the
increases. In this paper, a database of landslide fatalities in Nepal has been compiled and analysed for the period 1978–2005.
The database suggests that there is a high level of variability in the occurrence of landslides from year to year, but that
the overall trend is upward. Analyses of the trends in the data suggest that there is a cyclicity in the occurrence of landslide
fatalities that strongly mirrors the cyclicity observed in the SW (summer) monsoon in South Asia. Perhaps surprisingly the
relationship is inverse, but this is explained through an inverse relationship between monsoon strength and the amount of
precipitation in the Hill District areas of Nepal. It is also clear that in recent years the number of fatalities has increased
dramatically over and above the effects of the monsoon cycle. Three explanations are explored for this: land-use change, the
effects of the ongoing civil war in Nepal, and road building. It is concluded that a major component of the generally upward
trend in landslide impact probably results from the rural road-building programme, and its attendant changes to physical and
natural systems. 相似文献
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2010年,美国铀矿总共施工7 209个钻孔,总进尺1 493 520 m;生产铀1 628.55 t;铀矿业总支出费用为2.773亿美元,其中铀矿地勘费支出为3 450万美元,占铀矿业总费用的12.44%。铀矿地勘钻探费用为4 460万美元,占铀矿业总费用的16.08%。 相似文献
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Radon is a radioactive gas emanating naturally from uranium rich granites and shales. It may be emitted from the ground surface into the atmosphere as a gas, or it may be dissolved into stream water and transported over distance. The levels of radon gas in soils at ground surface depend on a number of factors relating to the source of the gas and to its transmission. Igneous rocks contain the highest mean concentrations of radium and uranium. The depth of cover is relevant also. Surveys over the years by the National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) and others have indicated that the highest concentrations in the United Kingdom occur in Cornwall, Devon and northeast Scotland. However, recent reports have indicated that high concentrations of the gas may be detected in small pockets in counties outside of those considered at high risk. This survey relates to a series of measurements taken in and around Darlington, County Durham. The results showed the presence of small areas with strong concentrations of radon in soil gas, but only minor levels of dissolved gas in stream waters. 相似文献
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环境和灾害是威胁人类生存的两大挑战性问题。由人类活动导致的自然环境破坏和恶化是一个长期累积的过程,类似于人体所患的慢性疾病,对其认识和解决不仅依靠多种条件,也需要很长时间的持久努力。自然灾害的发生一般是短时间内的突然事件,类似人体的急性疾病。为最大限度地减轻自然灾害给人类社会造成的损失,需要实施事先预防、灾前预警、灾时应急和灾后重建的系统工程,其中地球科学家的责任之一是找出有效的宣传演练,使社会各界充分认识灾害的危险性,做好必要的防灾准备。最近20 a来中国的减灾实践经验还说明,为进一步提高减灾的效益,要用科学观念指导各领域的减灾工作,在国家一级层次上要实行多部门协调、多学科合作的综合管理,并注重对灾害发生的规律性研究。例如对群发性灾害链过程及其潜在影响的估计,这对制定区域性可持续发展规划具有重要意义。 相似文献
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