共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
可控源电磁法(CSEM)的正演模拟与反演解释中常忽略激电介质的影响.本文基于电磁三维正反演开源平台ModEM,分别开展了陆地CSEM三维正反演以及考虑激电介质的陆地CSEM三维正演研究,并与一维模型解析解对比验证了三维计算的准确性.数值模拟结果显示,模型含激电效应与不含激电效应的电场E_x频率响应差异明显,激电效应会导致电场E_x幅值减小、相位增加,且对E_x的影响程度与激电异常体的频谱特性及观测的收发距均相关.合成数据的陆地CSEM反演结果显示,数据中含激电效应会使得反演出的异常体在深度、规模和电阻率值上都与真实异常体存在较大偏差,忽略观测数据中的激电效应会明显影响观测的准确性.本文研究表明当陆地CSEM三维观测资料中包含激电效应时,有必要考虑其影响. 相似文献
2.
三维反演解释是电磁法勘探发展的重要趋势,而如何提高三维反演的可靠性、稳定性和计算效率是算法开发者们目前的研究重点.本文实现了一种频率域可控源电磁(CSEM)三维反演算法.其中正演基于拟态有限体积法离散化,利用直接矩阵分解技术来求解大型线性系统方程,不仅准确、稳定,而且特别有利于含有大量发射场源位置的CSEM勘探情况;对目标函数的最优化采用高斯牛顿法(GN),具有近似二次的收敛性;使用预条件共轭梯度法(PCG)求解每次GN迭代所得到的法方程,避免了显式求解和存储灵敏度矩阵,减小了计算量.以上这些方法的结合应用,使得本文的三维反演算法准确、稳定且高效.通过陆地和海洋CSEM勘探场景中的典型理论模型的反演测试,验证了本文算法的有效性. 相似文献
3.
可控源音频大地电磁法在资源勘探等领域中发挥着重要的作用.我们把有限差分数值模拟方法用于可控源音频大地电磁三维正演,结合正则化反演方案和共轭梯度反演的思路,将反演中的雅可比矩阵计算问题转为求解两次"拟正演"问题,得到模型参数的更新步长,形成反演迭代,实现了可控源音频大地电磁三维共轭梯度反演算法.该反演算法可用于对有限长度电偶源激发下采集到的可控源音频大地电磁全区(近区、过渡区和远区)视电阻率和相位资料进行三维反演定量解释,获得地下三维模型的电阻率结构.理论模型合成数据的反演算例验证了所实现的可控源音频大地电磁三维共轭梯度反演算法的有效性和稳定性. 相似文献
4.
在可控源音频大地电磁法野外作业中,源和勘探区间的距离可达几公里,为了了解源和勘探区间的异常体对勘探区内异常响应的影响,我们用三维压缩积分方程法做了数值模拟研究.首先对勘探区目标体进行了数值模拟,发现在高频时,观测到的异常中心位于目标体的正上方,随着频率降低,出现异常中心向远离源的方向略有移动的现象,所以对三维异常体最好用3D软件来解释.然后,对源和勘探区间存在三维异常体的情况进行了数值模拟与分析讨论.模拟结果表明只有当三维异常体达到较大的规模时,才会对目标体上方的观测曲线造成影响,否则其电阻率的变化及埋深的变化对观测曲线的影响较小,可以忽略.当异常体在源方向有延伸时,观测曲线受到的干扰最大,沿垂直源布设的方向延伸时引起的干扰中等,垂直地面向下延伸引起的干扰最小. 相似文献
5.
在使用电偶极发射源的可控源电磁法(CSEM)勘探中,发射源的方位、长度、形状等对观测数据有重要的影响,然而现有的大部分三维数值模拟方法没有全面地将这些因素考虑进来,很多都只能应对非常简单的场源形态,例如单一方位的点电偶极子,这有可能显著降低模拟结果的准确性.本文实现了基于交错网格有限体积(FV)离散的海洋CSEM三维正演算法,能够模拟形态相对复杂的场源,包括任意方位的有限长直导线和弯曲导线发射源.该算法使用一次场/二次场方法,只需对二次场使用FV法求解,避免了场源的奇异性问题;一次场的计算为一维正演问题,使用准解析法求解,并且只要在计算一次场时考虑复杂的场源形态便可以实现同样场源的三维正演.通过与一维理论模型的解析解对比验证了三维程序的准确性,并针对三维理论模型进行了一系列正演测试,初步考察了场源形态对三维正演结果的影响. 相似文献
6.
陆地可控源电磁法的观测资料可依据频段范围近似地划分为近区场、中间区场及远区场,但采用测量相互正交电、磁分量,并计算视电阻率的资料处理方式只适用于远区场数据.为更有效地利用陆地可控源电磁法不同区间场的观测资料,本文结合三维数值模拟技术并采用电场分量直接进行反演的策略,对不同区间电场的响应特征与探测效果进行了分析.数值模拟结果表明:近区电场的异常响应最明显,异常响应不随频率发生显著变化,但纵向分辨能力差;远区电场异常响应随频率发生显著变化,其探测深度取决于频率的高低;中间区场较为复杂,地表电场异常响应的等值线中心并不是位于异常体中心正上方,而是在沿场传播方向上向异常体与围岩的分界面处偏移,并且发现中间区场资料的加入会影响反演结果的准确性.综合合成数据和野外实测资料的反演结果,发现结合近区场和远区场资料而舍弃中间区场资料的反演效果更佳,这为陆地可控源电磁法资料的反演解释提供了一种有效途径. 相似文献
7.
《应用地球物理》2016,(3)
井地电位成像是通过套管向井中供电或将电源放在井中,在地表观测电位异常的一项技术,其供电源有线源和点源两种类型。为了研究这两种电源对地下异常体产生的电位异常特征,本文针对不同激励源,采用有限差分方法进行数值模拟研究,在线性方程组求解电位时引入不完全Cholesky共轭梯度(ICCG)迭代方法,分别实现了点源和线源井地电位成像技术的三维正演。最后,基于阻尼最小二乘法实现了井地电位成像技术的电阻率三维反演。设计不同地电模型分别进行正演和反演试算,正演结果表明,供电电源的类型不同,异常体在地表的电位异常特征也不同;反演结果表明,低阻体的反演结果要好于高阻体,点源置于异常体下方时反演的电阻率对异常体边界的识别比线源更加准确。 相似文献
8.
基于各向同性假设的电阻率法三维正反演方法成熟并得到广泛应用.由于地下介质普遍存在电阻率各向异性,为提高反演精度,各向异性介质的三维正反演问题有待深入研究.本文将三维正演中总场分为一次场和二次场计算,二次场使用非结构网格有限单元法求解,基于有限内存拟牛顿法,系统研究了电阻率法三维主轴各向异性反演.通过设计低阻异常体与双异常体模型,利用地表、地井、井地与井间多种观测方式的合成数据进行了反演试算.反演结果表明：三维主轴各向异性反演能够可靠恢复异常体的位置与形状.与仅在地表采集数据的反演结果对比,地井、井地与井间多种观测数据的加入,反演结果能更好地恢复异常体的各向异性特征.证明了本文基于有限内存拟牛顿法电阻率三维反演方法的可行性与有效性. 相似文献
9.
《地震地质》2017,(4)
深层地震资料由于受到火山岩体或风化壳盖层的影响,质量品质往往不高,难以识别盖层之下的小规模的潜山构造。而重力勘探技术恰能利用潜山构造与上覆地层存在显著密度差异的特点来识别这种特殊的地质储层。文中以华北油田虎8北潜山构造区为例,在该地区地层密度模型的基础上进行了三维重力正演。正演结果表明,深部密度异常体在地表形成的低缓重力异常,与区域或局部背景重力异常场叠加在一起,在布格重力异常曲线上无法识别目标体异常。通过利用高阶导数、滑动滤波等处理方法把异常场从区域场中剥离出来,可发现虎8北潜山目标区存在小规模局部剩余重力高。在地震资料的约束下,根据剩余重力异常的幅值及地层密度差进行密度建模,实现了三维密度反演。反演的结果确定了虎8北潜山的存在,并给出了潜山可能的埋深与规模。证明了三维高精度重力方法在确定深部潜山构造上具有较明显的地质效果,这对于探测深部低速层覆盖之下的潜山构造油气藏具有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
10.
《应用地球物理》2016,(4)
人工源极低频电磁法因其具有场源长度大,观测范围广的特点,使得极低频电磁波的传播会受到电离层和位移电流的影响。现阶段针对该方法的三维正反演研究尚处于起步阶段。作为一项探索性的尝试,本文首先给出了电离层、空气以及地下介质耦合情况下一维极低频背景电磁场的计算方案,并对电离层影响下背景电磁波的传播特征进行了分析、总结。通过将之与求解二次电场的交错网格有限差分数值模拟算法整合,实现了人工源极低频电磁法的三维正演。针对人工源极低频探测中可能遇到的近区、过渡区数据反演问题,本文进而采用针对该方法的三维有限内存Broyden-Fletcher-GoldfarbShanno(Limited-memory BFGS,LBFGS)带源反演算法,实现了对全区张量阻抗数据的直接反演。文中详细介绍了目标函数梯度计算这一LBFGS反演中的核心问题。合成数据反演算例结果表明在LBFGS反演中,选择恰当的近似Hessian矩阵能够有效提高反演效率。高低阻异常同时存在下的反演模型响应告诉我们张量阻抗反对角元素对恢复地下电性结构的贡献远大于主对角元素。与常规标量数据反演相比,张量数据反演在异常体的恢复和背景电阻率的控制方面具有明显的优势。 相似文献
11.
在吸收前人提出的导电薄板等效电流回路模型概念的基础上,应用普通电磁学理论对其瞬变电磁法的过程作了完整的论述,并得到清晰明确的数学表达式,同时指出一次场关断时间与观测异常幅值的关系.在重叠回线装置下,模型解可进一步被简化.通过实例的具体数值计算过程,证明该简化模型为重叠回线装置下有限薄板类地质体瞬变电磁的定量分析提供了一个简捷有效的途径. 相似文献
12.
The results of a physical scale model study of the conventional mode of operation of fixed loop electromagnetic systems and an alternative mode called the tx-parallel mode in which traverses are run parallel to the long axis of the rectangular transmitter loop are presented. The results show that over thick or dipping conductors, the tx-parallel configuration provides coupling with the target which is comparable with that provided by the conventional configuration. In addition, the tx-parallel configuration is shown to provide more consistent indications of the direction and magnitude of conductor dip. Over wide conductors, where separate conventional surveys are needed to define the opposite edges of such conductors, it is shown that only a single tx-parallel survey is needed to locate both edges of the conductor. The tx-parallel results were found to allow better resolution of the individual anomalies due to closely spaced parallel conductors. The tx-parallel response of identical sheet conductors of opposite dip indicated that the response of the separate sheets could be recognized even when the two sheets were placed at zero separation. This was found to be due in part to spatial displacement of the individual current vortices within each conductor owing to their mutual repulsion. 相似文献
13.
固定翼时间域航空电磁探测系统在实际飞行测量过程中,发射线圈、接收线圈姿态和吊舱摆动状态不断变化,在测量数据中引入如发射磁矩方向、接收分量方向以及系统收发距等参数的误差,影响数据反演成像效果.本文基于固定翼时间域航空电磁正演理论,利用姿态变换,引入发射线圈、接收线圈双旋转矩阵;根据发射、接收线圈相对位置的几何关系,求得摆动格林张量;推导了任意姿态角度以及任意摆动角度情况下的固定翼航空电磁响应三分量计算表达式.通过层状大地模型的仿真计算,分别研究了发射、接收线圈各姿态以及吊舱摆动状态对航空电磁响应的影响,得出发射线圈、接收线圈俯仰旋转和吊舱同向摆动对系统电磁响应影响最强;仿真分析了实际测量中,三种角度同时存在情况下,航空电磁响应的定量变化规律.在此基础上,讨论了响应系数与大地电导率的关系,同时给出基于响应系数的固定翼航空电磁系统线圈姿态和摆动状态校正方法,准二维层状大地模型反演结果表明,校正后数据的反演精度提高了33.1%. 相似文献
14.
A new mode of operation for the Turam electromagnetic exploration system is proposed in which the transmitter loop is placed across the expected trend of a conductor and the receiver is operated along lines parallel to one side of the transmitter. The concept appears to offer several benefits which include greatly extended traverse length, the use of large coil spacing, rejection of the effects of conductive environments, and consistency in the indication of target dip. 相似文献
15.
Response evaluation of interconnected electrical substation equipment using real‐time hybrid simulation on multiple shaking tables 
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下载免费PDF全文 In an attempt to quantify the conductor cable effect on substation electrical equipment, real‐time hybrid simulation (RTHS) is conducted on interconnected equipment using two shaking tables. For this purpose, the existing RTHS system with advanced control capabilities at the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center structural laboratory is enhanced to accommodate the simultaneous use of two shaking tables. An experimental parametric study is conducted to investigate the conductor cable effect using this system with a two‐table RTHS setup. Post insulators of disconnect switches, important components of substations that are usually tested with conventional methods for evaluating their seismic performance, are utilized as experimental substructures for realistic representation of the electrical equipment. Various global and local response parameters, including accelerations, forces, displacements, and strains, are considered to evaluate the effect of the tested conductor cable configuration for a wide range of support structure configurations, which are modeled in the computer as analytical substructures. The experimental parametric study results indicate that the conductor cable has a significant effect on the response of the interconnected equipment over the whole range of investigated support structures and needs to be explicitly considered for seismic testing of electrical equipment. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
16.
In the quantitative data interpretation for HLEM induction prospecting, a vertical half-plane model in an insulating medium is widely employed. For this assumption to be valid, the steeply dipping massive sulphide dykes must have large strike lengths and depth extents, but small thickness. We report investigations, using the laboratory scale-modelling method, on the response variation of large vertical conductors as the thickness is varied. We conclude that a steeply dipping large dyke can be approximated by a half-plane model only if its thickness is less than half the skin depth. An inductively thick conductor produces larger amplitudes and relatively higher quadrature compared to a thin conductor, even if both have the same induction number. 相似文献
17.
瞬变电磁法在浅海工程勘探等领域受到了越来越多的关注.目前浅海瞬变电磁仍处于应用初期,相关研究少且未有成熟装备问世,有必要研究其探测能力并为观测系统选取最佳观测参数.本文以几种典型发射波形为例,采用褶积算法细致分析了不同发射波形条件下浅海瞬变电磁on-/off-time响应受海底介质电导率、磁导率及发射波形脉宽等参数的影响特征与规律;通过三维正演并设定极限探测深度阈值,进一步分析不同发射波形on-/offtime期间浅海瞬变电磁探测能力及对典型三维目标体的极限探测深度.基于本文研究成果,可为浅海瞬变电磁探测装置设计、观测系统的参数选取及试验参数的选取等提供了一些有价值的理论借鉴. 相似文献
18.
A mathematical model has been proposed for describing quasi-stationary atmospheric electric fields with approximate, but fairly
accurate allowance for ionospheric conductivity. It is shown that some well-known models of electric field penetration from
the Earth into the ionosphere have been deemed inadequate, though they work well in the atmosphere below 50 km. In these models,
the arbitrarily specified boundary condition in the upper boundary of the atmosphere omits the existing good conductor or
adds not existent conductor. The maximum possible field in our model is far less than in models where ionospheric conductivity
is not taken into account, but vastly larger than in models based on the approximation with infinite Pedersen conductivity
in the upper ionosphere. 相似文献
19.
Amir Haroon Andrei Swidinsky Sebastian Hölz Marion Jegen Bülent Tezkan 《Geophysical Prospecting》2020,68(9):2825-2844
The time-domain controlled source electromagnetic method is a geophysical prospecting tool applied to image the subsurface resistivity distribution on land and in the marine environment. In its most general set-up, a square-wave current is fed into a grounded horizontal electric dipole, and several electric and magnetic field receivers at defined offsets to the imposed current measure the electromagnetic response of the Earth. In the marine environment, the application often uses only inline electric field receivers that, for a 50% duty-cycle current waveform, include both step-on and step-off signals. Here, forward and inverse 1D modelling is used to demonstrate limited sensitivity towards shallow resistive layers in the step-off electric field when transmitter and receivers are surrounded by conductive seawater. This observation is explained by a masking effect of the direct current signal that flows through the seawater and primarily affects step-off data. During a step-off measurement, this direct current is orders of magnitude larger than the inductive response at early and intermediate times, limiting the step-off sensitivity towards shallow resistive layers in the seafloor. Step-on data measure the resistive layer at times preceding the arrival of the direct current signal leading to higher sensitivity compared to step-off data. Such dichotomous behaviour between step-on and step-off data is less obvious in onshore experiments due to the lack of a strong overlying conductive zone and corresponding masking effect from direct current flow. Supported by synthetic 1D inversion studies, we conclude that time-domain controlled source electromagnetic measurements on land should apply both step-on and step-off data in a combined inversion approach to maximize signal-to-noise ratios and utilize the sensitivity characteristics of each signal. In an isotropic marine environment, step-off electric fields have inferior sensitivity towards shallow resistive layers compared to step-on data, resulting in an increase of non-uniqueness when interpreting step-off data in a single or combined inversion. 相似文献