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<正>The 28th General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics(IUGG) will be held on 11–20 July2023 in Berlin, Germany. The Chinese National Committee(CNC) for the International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences(IAMAS) has invited leading Chinese scientists to review the progress and achievements in meteorology and atmospheric sciences in China since 2019, 相似文献
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正Three associations of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics(IUGG)—International Association for the Physical Sciences of the Oceans(IAPSO),International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences(IA- 相似文献
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The International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences (IAMAS) requests each of its membet countries to submit, every four years, a progress report on relevant operational and research fields, and to exchange the report with other members during the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) 相似文献
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WUGuoxiong ZHENGGuoguang LIJianping 《大气科学进展》2004,21(3):J001-J001
As a rule, the International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences (IAMAS) requests each of her member countries to submit, every four years, a progress report on the relevant operational and research fields, and to exchange the report with other members during the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) Assembly that is held every four yeas as well. During the last twenty years, the China National Committee for IAMAS has regularly composed its report. The progress report of the China National Committee 相似文献
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The 9th Scientific Assembly of the International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences (IAMAS-2005) was held at the Beijing International Convention Center (BICC), Beijing, China from August 2-11, 2005. The Theme of IAMAS-2005 is: The Fascinating Atmosphere: Changeable and Changing. The Assembly covered all areas of meteorology and atmospheric sciences from the surface to the middle 相似文献
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Nicholas Edkins Werner Schmutz Luca Egli Roger Davies Teruo Aoki Greg Mcfarquhar 《大气科学进展》2016,33(12):1325-1328
正1.Overview The 2016 International Radiation Symposium,a joint venture between the IRC(International Radiation Commission)and IAMAS(International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences),took place at the University of Auckland from April 16th to 22nd.The wide scope of atmospheric radiation research was apparent,with focuses rang- 相似文献
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《大气科学进展》2007,(6)
As a regular practice,the International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences(IAMAS) requests each of its member countries to submit a progress report on the relevant operational and research fields on a four-year basis,and exchange the reports with other members during the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics(IUGG)General Assembly that is held every four years as well.During the last thirty years, Chinese National Committee for IAMAS has regularly submitted its report.This National Report of Chinese National Committee for IAMAS was prepared for the XXIV IUGG General Assembly,Perugia,Italy,July 2-13, 2007 and presented developments in meteorology and atmospheric sciences in China mainly during 2003-2006. 相似文献
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Numerical Simulation Study on the Scientific and Methodological Aspects of the Brazilian Proposal 
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下载免费PDF全文 1. IntroductionObservations of surface air temperature indicatethat a significant global average warming has occurredduring the 20th century. The Intergovernmental Panelon Climate Change (IPCC, 2001) concludes that thereis new and stronger evidence that man has influencedthe climate. International negotiations have led to afirst step in combating climate change with the UnitedNations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC) and the Kyoto Protocol, but further stepsare needed in … 相似文献
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Sophie GODIN-BEEKMANN Irina PETROPAVLOSKIKH Stefan REIS Paul NEWMAN Wolfgang STEINBRECHT Markus REX Michelle L. SANTEE Richard S. ECKMAN Xiangdong ZHENG Matthew B. TULLY David S. STEVENSON Paul YOUNG John PYLE Mark WEBER Johanna TAMMINEN Gina MILLS Alkis F. BAIS Clare HEAVISIDE Christos ZEREFOS 《大气科学进展》2017,34(3):283-288
<正>1.Overview The 2016 Quadrennial Ozone Symposium(QOS-2016)was held on 4–9 September 2016 in Edinburgh,UK.The Symposium was organized by the International Ozone Commission(IO3C),the NERC Centre for EcologyHydrology and the University of Edinburgh,and was co-sponsored by the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics,the International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric 相似文献
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YAN Bangliang 《大气科学进展》2005,22(5):741-750
The mechanism of the locking of the E1 Nino event onset phase to boreal spring （from April to June） in an intermediate coupled ocean-atmosphere model is investigated. The results show that the seasonal variation of the zonal wind anomaly over the equatorial Pacific associated with the seasonal variation of the ITCZ is the mechanism of the locking in the model. From January to March of the E1 Nino year, the western wind anomaly over the western equatorial Pacific can excite the downwelling Kelvin wave that propagates eastward to the eastern and middle Pacific by April to June. From April to December of the year before the E1 Nifio year, the eastern wind anomaly over the equatorial Pacific forces the downwelling Rossby waves that modulate the ENSO cycle. The modulation and the reflection at the western boundary modulate the time of the transition from the cool to the warm phase to September of the year before the E1 Nifio year and cause the strongest downwelling Kelvin wave from the reflected Rossby waves at the western boundary to arrive in the middle and eastern equatorial Pacific by April to June of the E1 Nino year. The superposition of these two kinds of downwelling Kelvin waves causes the El Nino event to tend to occur from April to June. 相似文献
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Going to the Extremes 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
Claudia Tebaldi Katharinec Hayhoe Julie M. Arblaster Gerald A. Meehl 《Climatic change》2006,79(3-4):185-211
Projections of changes in climate extremes are critical to assessing the potential impacts of climate change on human and
natural systems. Modeling advances now provide the opportunity of utilizing global general circulation models (GCMs) for projections
of extreme temperature and precipitation indicators. We analyze historical and future simulations of ten such indicators as
derived from an ensemble of 9 GCMs contributing to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC-AR4), under a range of emissions scenarios. Our focus is on the consensus from the GCM ensemble, in terms of
direction and significance of the changes, at the global average and geographical scale. The climate extremes described by
the ten indices range from heat-wave frequency to frost-day occurrence, from dry-spell length to heavy rainfall amounts. Historical
trends generally agree with previous observational studies, providing a basic sense of reliability for the GCM simulations.
Individual model projections for the 21st century across the three scenarios examined are in agreement in showing greater
temperature extremes consistent with a warmer climate. For any specific temperature index, minor differences appear in the
spatial distribution of the changes across models and across scenarios, while substantial differences appear in the relative
magnitude of the trends under different emissions rates. Depictions of a wetter world and greater precipitation intensity
emerge unequivocally in the global averages of most of the precipitation indices. However, consensus and significance are
less strong when regional patterns are considered. This analysis provides a first overview of projected changes in climate
extremes from the IPCC-AR4 model ensemble, and has significant implications with regard to climate projections for impact
assessments.
An erratum to this article is available at .
An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
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雷击电磁干扰对以计算机为主的电子信息系统的影响巨大,本文分析了雷电侵害计算机网络的途径,针对雷击电磁干扰侵害计算机网络的几种途径,主要从机房及布线的要求、等电位连接、瞬态过电压保护器的选择、接地等几方面进行雷击电磁干扰的防护设计。 相似文献
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１引言气象业务网络有一个特点，就是处理的对象大多数是实时资料。因而很多计算机是不需要保留历史资料的（例如：PCVSAT单收站、MICAPS平台等），并且保证业务运行的系统软件和应用软件是固定的。基于这一点，为网络中处理实时资料的计算机做一个永久备份。当这些计算机出现不容易排除的故障时，就可以利用这些备份在几分钟之内恢复正常运行。下面介绍利用GHOST和DiskGenius两个软件来完成这工作的方法。２分区在分区的时候，为GHOST克隆出的映像文件划分一个独立的分区。如果使用的是WINDOWS９８操作系统，这个分区大小为５… 相似文献
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介绍采用W inRoute F irewall软件实现市、县局用户共享上网的方法,使市县局用户既能共享网络资源,又能有效地保障网络安全。 相似文献
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Godefroy Grosjean Sabine Fuss Nicolas Koch Benjamin L. Bodirsky Stéphane De Cara William Acworth 《Climate Policy》2018,18(2):151-169
Although agriculture could contribute substantially to European emission reductions, its mitigation potential lies untapped and dormant. Market-based instruments could be pivotal in incentivizing cost-effective abatement. However, sector specificities in transaction costs, leakage risks and distributional impacts impede its implementation. The significance of such barriers critically hinges on the dimensions of policy design. This article synthesizes the work on emissions pricing in agriculture together with the literature on the design of market-based instruments. To structure the discussion, an options space is suggested to map policy options, focusing on three key dimensions of policy design. More specifically, it examines the role of policy coverage, instruments and transfers to farmers in overcoming the barriers. First, the results show that a significant proportion of agricultural emissions and mitigation potential could be covered by a policy targeting large farms and few emission sources, thereby reducing transaction costs. Second, whether an instrument is voluntary or mandatory influences distributional outcomes and leakage. Voluntary instruments can mitigate distributional concerns and leakage risks but can lead to subsidy lock-in and carbon price distortion. Third, the impact on transfers resulting from the interaction of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) with emissions pricing will play a key role in shaping political feasibility and has so far been underappreciated.
POLICY RELEVANCE
Following the 2015 Paris Agreement, European climate policy is at a crossroads. Achieving cost-effectively the 2030 and 2050 European targets requires all sectors to reduce their emissions. Yet, the cornerstone of European climate policy, the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS), covers only about half of European emissions. Major sectors have been so far largely exempted from carbon pricing, in particular transport and agriculture. While transport has been increasingly under the spotlight as a possible candidate for an EU ETS sectoral expansion, policy discussions on pricing agricultural emissions have been virtually absent. This article attempts to fill this gap by investigating options for market-based instruments to reduce agricultural emissions while taking barriers to implementation into account. 相似文献
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Framing the way to relate climate extremes to climate change 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Kevin E. Trenberth 《Climatic change》2012,115(2):283-290
The atmospheric and ocean environment has changed from human activities in ways that affect storms and extreme climate events. The main way climate change is perceived is through changes in extremes because those are outside the bounds of previous weather. The average anthropogenic climate change effect is not negligible, but nor is it large, although a small shift in the mean can lead to very large percentage changes in extremes. Anthropogenic global warming inherently has decadal time scales and can be readily masked by natural variability on short time scales. To the extent that interactions are linear, even places that feature below normal temperatures are still warmer than they otherwise would be. It is when natural variability and climate change develop in the same direction that records get broken. For instance, the rapid transition from El Ni?o prior to May 2010 to La Ni?a by July 2010 along with global warming contributed to the record high sea surface temperatures in the tropical Indian and Atlantic Oceans and in close proximity to places where record flooding subsequently occurred. A commentary is provided on recent climate extremes. The answer to the oft-asked question of whether an event is caused by climate change is that it is the wrong question. All weather events are affected by climate change because the environment in which they occur is warmer and moister than it used to be. 相似文献