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In the process of combustion of coal organic and inorganic materials in it will undergo a complex variation.Part of thew will become volatiles and,together with coal smoke,enter into atmosphere,some will remain in micro-particulates such as ash and dust and find their way into atmosphere in the form of solid particles,and the rest will be retained in ash and slag.Coal ashes are the residues of organic and inorganic substances in coal left after coal combustion and the compostition of coal ashes in dependent on that of minerals and organic matter in coal.This paper deals with the chemical composition of coal ashes,the distribution of trace elements in them and their petrological characteristics,and also studies the relationship between the yield of coal ashes and the distribution of trace elements.In addition,a preliminary study in also undertaken on the factors that affect the chemical composition of coal ashes.As viewed from the analyses of coal ash samples collected from the Yanzhou mining district,it can be seen clearly that coal ashes from the region studied are composed chiefly of crystalline materials,glassy materials and uncombusted organic matter and the major chemical compositions are SiO2,Al2O3,Fe2O3,and CaO,as well as minor amounts of SO3,PWO5,Na2O,K2O and TiO2.During the combustion of coal,its trace elements will be redistributed and most of them are enriched in coal ashes.At the same time,the concentrations of the trace elements in flying ash are much higher than those of bottom ash,i.e.,with decreasing particle-size of coal ashes their concentrations will become higher and higher.So the contents of trace elements are negatively proportional to the particle-size of coal ashes.There has been found a positive correlation between the trace elements Th.V.Zn,Cu and Pb and the yield of coal ashes while a negative correlation between Cl and the yield of coal ashes. 相似文献
3.
The elemental composition of high temperature ash (750°C) and forms of S were studied in 25 coal seams from the Escucha Formation (Middle Albian) in the Teruel Mining District, northeast Spain. The principal analytical method was ICP-MS, but ICP-ES was also used in the determination of some trace elements. The analytical data show wide ranges of trace element cotnents among the coal seams studied, even in the vertical profile of a single coal seam. These wide ranges of the trace element concentrations are attributed to both syngenetic and epigenetic processes.When a comparison was made between the average trace element contents of the Teruel Mining District coals, and those of the average content in worldwide coals, the Teruel coals show slightly higher concentrations of Be and U, and lower concentrations of Ba, Cd, Mn, Pb, Sr and Zr. Further, three main groups of trace elements were differentiated on the basis of the inorganic/organic association: (1) trace elements with inorganic affinity; Ba, Ce, Co, Cr, La, Mn, Ni, Rb and Zr. Between these, Ba, Ce, Cr and Rb show a well defined correlation with the clay mineral content, and Co and Ni with pyritic-S content; (2) trace elements with an intermediate (mixed) affinity; As, Cd, Cu, Dy, Er, Eu, Gd, Ge, Ho, Lu, Mo, Nd, Pb, Pr, Sb, Sm, Sr, Tb, Th, Tm, U, Yb and Zn. In this group, As, Cd, Cu, Ge, Mo, Th, U and Zn show a weak trend associated with the mineral matter and Sr with the organic matter; and (3) Be shows an organic affinity. The high mineral matter content (21.3% HTA) of the Teruel coals may account for the great number of elements with inorganic affinity. This classification represents a general trend, but the results show that the affinities of some trace elements (e.g. As, Sb and Zn) may vary from one coal seam to another in the Teruel Mining District. 相似文献
4.
涡阳花沟西10号煤中微量元素的有机亲和性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究淮北矿区涡阳花沟西勘查区10号煤中微量元素的有机亲和性,共采集10个勘探钻孔煤样品,采用电感耦合等离子质谱仪ICP-MS分析了12种微量元素的含量;应用LECO碳硫分析仪测定了煤的总有机碳TOC,并通过两者的相关关系分析了元素的有机亲和性,结合元素的地球化学特征和煤样XRD物相鉴定结果,通过聚类分析进一步推断元素的赋存状态。结果表明:V、Cr、Co、Ni、Mo、Cd、Sb、Pb和Zn元素含量低于全国均值,没有异常富集,Be、Cu和Tl略高于全国均值;Cd具有较强的有机亲和性,Co、Zn、Be和Cr的有机亲和性较弱,V、Ni、Cu、Mo、Sb、Pb和Tl不具有机亲和性;V、Sb、Cu、Cr、Pb、Co和Ni主要以铝硅酸盐吸附态赋存,Cd主要以有机结合态赋存。 相似文献
5.
A. Alastuey A. Jimnez F. Plana X. Querol I. Surez-Ruiz 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2001,45(4)
This study is focused on the occurrence and distribution of mineral matter and major and trace elements in the high volatile bituminous coal from Puertollano (south-central Spain). The relationship between ash behaviour and inorganic composition, as well as the possible formation of fouling and slagging deposits in boilers during the conversion process, were investigated. The Puertollano coals do not exhibit plastic properties, despite their rank, probably because of their high ash and inertinite contents.The Puertollano coal has medium to low total S content (0.48% to 1.63% db, with a mean of 1.0% db) and is characterised by relatively high contents of Si, Pb, Sb, and Cs. Some elements such as As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ge, Li, Mn, Ni, W, and Zn are also present in relatively high contents. The enrichment in a number of heavy metals could be attributed to the common sulphide ores occurring near the Puertollano coal deposit.The following trace elements affinities are deduced: (a) sulphide affinity: As, Co, Cd, Cu, Ni, Sb, Tl, and Zn; (b) aluminum–silicate affinity: K, Ti, B, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu Ga, Hf, Li, Nb, Rb, Sn, Ta, Th, V, Zr, and LREE; (c) Carbonate affinity: Ca, Mg, Mn, and B; (d) organic affinity: B.The very high Si levels and the anomalous enrichment in Cs, Ge, Pb, Sb, and Zn shown by the Puertollano coals account for the high contents of these elements in the Puertollano fly ash when compared with the other Spanish coal fly ashes.The chemical composition of the high temperature ash (HTA) is consistent with the trend shown by the ash fusion temperatures (AFT) and also with the predictive indices related to slagging and fouling propensities. Thus, the ash fusion temperatures increase with high values of Al2O3 as well as with the decrease in Fe2O3, CaO, and MgO. 相似文献
6.
Petrological, organic geochemical and geochemical characteristics of coal from the Soko mine, Serbia 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Dragana
ivoti&#x; Herman Wehner Olga Cvetkovi&#x; Branimir Jovan
i&#x;evi&#x; Ivan Greti&#x; Georg Scheeder Angelika Vidal Aleksandra &#x;ajnovi&#x; Marko Ercegovac Vladimir Simi&#x; 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2008,73(3-4):285-306
A petrological, organic geochemical and geochemical study was performed on coal samples from the Soko Mine, Soko Banja basin, Serbia. Ten coal and two carbonaceous clay samples were collected from fresh, working faces in the underground brown coal mine from different parts of the main coal seam. The Lower Miocene, low-rank coal of the Soko Mine is a typical humic coal with huminite concentrations of up to 76.2 vol.%, liptinite less than 14 vol.% and inertinite less than 11 vol.%. Ulminite is the most abundant maceral with variable amounts of densinite and clay minerals. Sporinite and resinite are the most common macerals of the liptinite group. Inertodetrinite is the most abundant maceral of the inertinite group. The mineral-bituminous groundmass identified in some coal samples, and carbonaceous marly clay, indicate sub-aquatic origin and strong bacterial decomposition. The mean random huminite reflectance (ulminite B) for the main coal seam is 0.40 ± 0.05% Rr, which is typical for an immature to early mature stage of organic matter.The extract yields from the coal of the Soko Banja basin ranges from 9413 to 14,096 ppm, in which alkanes constituted 1.0–20.1%, aromatics 1.3–14.7%, asphaltenes 28.1–76.2% and resins 20.2–43.5%. The saturated hydrocarbon fractions included n-C15 to n-C32, with an odd carbon number that predominate in almost all the samples. The contents of n-C27 and n-C29 alkanes are extremely high in some samples, as a contribution of epicuticular waxes from higher plants. Acyclic isoprenoid hydrocarbons are minor constituents in the aliphatic fraction, and the pristane/phytane (Pr/Ph) ratio varies between 0.56 and 3.13, which implies anaerobic to oxic conditions during sedimentation. The most abundant diterpanes were abietane, dehydroabietane and 16α(H)-phyllocladane. In samples from the upper part of the coal seam, diterpanes are the dominant constituents of the alkane fraction. Polycyclic alkanes of the triterpane type are important constituents of alkane fractions. The occurrence of ββ- and αβ-type hopanes from C27 to C31, but without C28, is typical for the Soko Banja coals.The major and trace elements in the coal were analysed using X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). In comparison with world lignites, using the geometric mean value, the coal from the Soko Banja Basin has a high content of strontium (306.953 mg/kg). Higher values than the world lignites were obtained for Mo (3.614 mg/kg), Ni (8.119 mg/kg), Se (0.884 mg/kg), U (2.642 mg/kg) and W (0.148 mg/kg). Correlation analysis shows inorganic affinity for almost all the major and trace elements, except for S, which has an organic affinity. 相似文献
7.
In this research, a float-sink test was applied to a Late Permian high-sulfur coal collected from Pu’an coalfield, Southwest in Guizhou, China. To investigate the occurrence modes and the mobility of various trace elements, as well as the cleaning potential of some harmful elements in density separation, coal quality parameters and concentrations of 46 elements of 7 density fractionated samples were determined and statistically analyzed. Results show that larger size and higher density fractions have higher total sulfur content and ash yield than the smaller and lower ones. In fact, most (74.39 %) of the total sulfur occurs in the inorganic matter. Affinity and correlation analysis show that Mo and Ni have apparently strong organic affinity, whereas Rh, Cs, Sr, Co, Nb, Zr, V, Ga, Sc, Be, Ge, Hf, Th, U, Ag, As, In, Cu, Cd, Ta, Li, TI, and Ba are mostly in the heavy fractions. Rare earth element (REE) patterns for the seven density fractions present good uniformity and show that they are of right-inclined pattern type characterized by Light REE (LREE, La ~ Eu) enrichment relative to Heavy REE (HREE, Gd ~ Lu) and pronounced negative δ Eu anomalies. This suggests that REE was mainly derived from basalt-weathered materials. LRREE/HREE ratio variations reveal that LREE has stronger affinity with the organic matter relative to the HREE, while high LRREE/HREE in heavy fractions may be related to pyrite. Supposing the maximum sulfur content of the cleaned coal is 1.00 %, the theoretical removal ratios of Co, TI, and Ba are as high as 90.94, 93.73, and 92.29 %, respectively, while those of As, Ni and Mo are only 56.33, 48.85, and 45.05 %, respectively. As these figures change with different maximum sulfur contents required for the cleaned coal, not only the decrease of sulfur and ash in coal washing, but also the mobility of some harmful trace elements should be taken into consideration. 相似文献
8.
Sulfur is one of the havardous elements in coal The concentrations of sulfur are relatively high in coal.The major forms of sulfur in coal are pyritic,organic and sulfate.Pyritic and organic sulfur generally account for the bulk of sulfur in coal.Elemental sulfur also occurs in coal,but only in trace to minor amounts.When coals are burned,leached and washed,sulfur will be released in the form of sulfide and H2S,which then reach with O2,water and other substances to change into vitriol,and in some places it may form acid rain.And they will impact water environment,acidify the soil and do great harm to plants and human health.In this paper,on the basis of the data from the Yanzhou mining district,the distribution and concentrations of sulfur are analyzed and the existing forms of sulfur are studied.The variation of sulfur and its impact on the environments also are described when coal is used. 相似文献
9.
为研究准格尔串草圪旦5号煤微量元素地球化学特征,采用光学显微镜、扫面电子显微镜和X射线衍射（XRD）方法观测煤中矿物组成及形态特征,应用电感耦合等离子质谱（ICP MS）方法测定煤中多种微量元素含量,运用数理统计方法研究微量元素在煤中的赋存特征。结果表明：5号煤中Li、Be、F、U、Hg 5种元素相对富集,含量高于研究区6号煤及中国煤中含量水平。5号煤中Li、F、Ga、Se无机亲和性强,Be、As、U为亲有机元素;Hg与硫含量显著正相关。各元素在煤中主要以有机结合态、无机结合态和硫化物结合态赋存。 相似文献
10.
用数理统计相关分析法研究了渭北中阶煤中微量元素和残留烃的有机亲和性,提出了亲和系数的重要概念。发现微量元素在煤中有机质和矿物质中以及不同有机质之间有明显的分配规律。还阐释了渭北中阶煤中微量元素表现出不同于准噶尔低阶煤的和有机碳、S1高度关联的现象。认为这与不同成煤环境中微量元素不同的生烃催化效应有关,也与煤变质中其大分子结构中的芳香核缩合、官能团脱落以及成烃过程中微量元素在不同有机质中的重新“分配”、“迁移”有关,还与微量元素对不同成熟度的干酪根和轻重组分不同的烃类选择性富集有关。 相似文献
11.
煤中有害微量元素的赋存状态 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
基于前人资料的分析总结，系统探讨了煤中Ag等26种有害微量元素的赋存状态。研究结果表明：煤中有害元素或多或少都与无机质、有机质有联系，只是联系程度不同。有些在地壳中被认为彼此关系不大的元素，在煤中却密切相关。煤中B、Be、Br等主要以有机相赋存，其它有害元素主要与矿物质有关。 相似文献
12.
Huang Wenhui Yang Qi Department of Energy Resources Geology China University of Geosciences Beijing Peng Suping Department of Geology Engineering China University of Mining Technology Beijing Zhao Zhigen Department of R 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2001,12(4)
INTRODUCTIONMany environmental problems may arise during coal min-ing and utilization. Among these prob1ems, much attention hasbeen paid to S(), and NO. emission during coal combustion.But the environmental effects produced by hazardous elementsduring coal mining and utilization are also important and de-serve to be studied (Goodazi, 1995; Finkelman, 1993; Valk-ovic, l983). For example, when coal wastes are used for landreclamation, the harmful elements in them may pollute water,soil an… 相似文献
13.
Based on the tested data of pressure and vitrinite reflectance of some wells in sedimentary basins, abnormal high pressure
is regarded as not the only factor to retard the increase of vitrinite reflectance (R
o). Apart from the types of the organic matter, the physical environment (temperature and pressure) and chemical environment
(fluid composition and inorganic elements) will result in the abnormal vitrinite reflectance values in the sedimentary basins.
This paper tested trace elements and vitrinite reflectance data from the the abnormal high pressure and normal pressure strata
profiles, respectively, and found that the acidic and lower salinity starta are favorable for the increase of R
o. By discussing the corresponding relationship between the contents of some trace elements in the mudstone and the vitrinite
reflectance values, the typical trace elements were found to suppress and/or catalyze the vitrinite reflectance of organic
matter, while the elements of Ca, Mn, Sr, B, Ba and P may result in the retardation of R
o. However, elements of Fe, Co, Zn, Ni and Rb may catalyze the organic matter maturation. This study is conductive to the organic
maturation correction, oil and gas assessment and thermal history reconstruction by the paleothermometry.
Translated from Acta Geologica Sinica, 2006, 80(11): 1760–1769 [译自: 地质学报] 相似文献
14.
Andreas Busch Yves Gensterblum Bernhard M. Krooss 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2003,55(2-4):205-224
Sorption and desorption behaviour of methane, carbon dioxide, and mixtures of the two gases has been studied on a set of well-characterised coals from the Argonne Premium Coal Programme. The coal samples cover a maturity range from 0.25% to 1.68% vitrinite reflectance. The maceral compositions were dominated by vitrinite (85% to 91%). Inertinite contents ranged from 8% to 11% and liptinite contents around 1% with one exception (Illinois coal, 5%). All sorption experiments were performed on powdered (−100 mesh), dry coal samples.Single component sorption/desorption measurements were carried out at 22 °C up to final pressures around 51 bar (5.1 MPa) for CO2 (subcritical state) and 110 bar (11 MPa) for methane.The ratios of the final sorption capacities for pure CO2 and methane (in molar units) on the five coal samples vary between 1.15 and 3.16. The lowest ratio (1.15) was found for the North Dakota Beulah-Zap lignite (VRr=0.25%) and the highest ratios (2.7 and 3.16) were encountered for the low-rank coals (VRr 0.32% and 0.48%) while the ratio decreases to 1.6–1.7 for the highest rank coals in this series.Desorption isotherms for CH4 and CO2 were measured immediately after the corresponding sorption isotherms. They generally lie above the sorption isotherms. The degree of hysteresis, i.e. deviation of sorption and desorption isotherms, varies and shows no dependence on coal rank.Adsorption tests with CH4/CO2 mixtures were conducted to study the degree of preferential sorption of these two gases on coals of different rank. These experiments were performed on dry coals at 45 °C and pressures up to 180 bar (18 MPa). For the highest rank samples of this sequence preferential sorption behaviour was “as expected”, i.e. preferential adsorption of CO2 and preferential desorption of CH4 were observed. For the low rank samples, however, preferential adsorption of CH4 was found in the low pressure range and preferential desorption of CO2 over the entire pressure range.Follow-up tests for single gas CO2 sorption measurements consistently showed a significant increase in sorption capacity for re-runs on the same sample. This phenomenon could be due to extraction of volatile coal components by CO2 in the first experiment. Reproducibility tests with methane and CO2 using fresh sample material in each experiment did not show this effect. 相似文献
15.
在痕量元素的海洋生物地球化学循环过程中,有机配体直接控制痕量元素在不同形态及粒径范围内的分配,进而影响痕量元素的迁移转化过程和生物可利用性。深入研究海水中痕量元素-有机配体的配分特征及影响因素,明确有机配体分子量组分及其对痕量元素的配合作用差异,对于了解痕量元素的生物地球化学行为,评估痕量元素的生物可利用性和毒性效应均具有十分重要的意义。对海水中痕量元素-有机配体的分布规律、配分特征及盐度、pH、氧化还原条件和生物活动对配体的影响进行了系统总结。海水中的有机配体一般以低分子量部分为主体,配合能力因元素性质差异存在随分子量增加而提高或降低的不同趋势。除此之外,有机配体的结构、配合能力及分子量分布随水体各物理化学参数的变化而改变。盐度的增加会降低有机配体相邻官能团的静电排斥力从而降低配体的配合能力,还会导致高分子量金属有机配合物发生絮凝和降解而去除。pH的增加不仅可以促使有机配体离子化,还能促进部分痕量元素水解为与有机配体亲和力更高的形式,提高有机配体配合率。氧化还原环境同时影响了痕量元素的价态和有机配体的浓度,间接影响痕量元素-有机配体的配合率。浮游植物利用及微生物分解可以增加低分子量有机配体的比例,从而提高其配合能力,但当生物遭受过量金属离子的毒性胁迫时,其细胞内会释放胞内配体,将致毒元素转化为配合物并排出体外,从而增加水体中痕量元素高分子量有机配体的浓度。未来应结合有机物结构分析技术及痕量元素分离检测技术,系统研究海洋环境中不同分子量有机配体的结构及与痕量元素配合强度的相互关系,进一步揭示痕量元素的迁移转化过程与生态学意义。 相似文献
16.
Organic metal-binding ligands represent an essential role in the bioavailability of trace elements since they govern the species and sizes of those elements in seawater. The distribution and properties of organic ligands in seawater as well as the factors influencing their complexation abilities were summarized in this paper. Most organic ligands exist in the low molecular weight fraction, and their concentration nearshore is often higher than that of open ocean while the vertical distribution varies in different areas. The complexation of trace elements and organic ligands is influenced by several factors such as molecular weight of organic ligands, salinity, pH, biological activities and redox conditions. Ligand with a lower molecular weight usually represents stronger complexation ability, whereas the opposite seems to be true sometimes due to the specific affinity between some elements and ligands. Increasing salinity lowers the electrostatic repulsion among adjacent functional groups of ligands and thus decreases their complexing rate, yet increasing pH promotes the ionization of organic ligands and results in the formation of more complexes. The utilization of phytoplankton and degradation of microorganism release more low molecular weight organic ligands while more high molecular weight ligands are released from marine organisms under heavy metal stress. Therefore, sufficient significance should be attached to characterizing the structure and molecular weight of organic ligands and exploring the interaction between trace elements and organic ligands and the influence of related marine factors on their behaviors, which will certainly help us to understand the global biogeochemical cycles and ecological significance of trace elements. 相似文献
17.
Jin Qian Ulf Skyllberg Wolfgang FrechWilliam F Bleam Paul R Bloom Pierre Emmanuel Petit 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2002,66(22):3873-3885
We combined synchrotron-based X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy, extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy and binding affinity studies to determine the coordination, geometry, and strength of methyl mercury, CH3Hg (II), bonding in soil and stream organic matter. Samples of organic soil (OS), potentially soluble organic substances (PSOS) from the soil, and organic substances from a stream (SOS) draining the soil were taken along a short “hydrological transect.” We determined the sum of concentrations of highly reduced organic S groups (designated Org-SRED), such as thiol (RSH), disulfane (RSSH), sulfide (RSR), and disulfide (RSSR), using sulfur K-edge XANES. Org-SRED varied between 27% and 64% of total S in our samples. Hg LIII-edge EXAFS analysis were determined on samples added CH3Hg (II) to yield CH3Hg (II)/Org-SRED ratios in the range 0.01-1.62. At low ratios, Hg was associated to one C atom (the methyl group) at an average distance of 2.03 ± 0.02 Å and to one S atom at an average distance of 2.34 ± 0.03 Å, in the first coordination shell. At calculated CH3Hg(II)/Org-SRED ratios above 0.37 in OS, 0.32 in PSOS, and 0.24 in SOS, the organic S sites were saturated by CH3Hg+, and O (and/or N) atoms were found in the first coordination shell of Hg at an average distance of 2.09 ± 0.01 Å. Based on the assumption that RSH (and possibly RSSH) groups take part in the complexation of CH3Hg+, whereas RSSR and RSR groups do not, approximately 17% of total organic S consisted of RSH (+ RSSH) functionalities in the organic soil. Corresponding figures for samples PSOS and SOS were 14% and 9%, respectively. Competitive complexation of CH3Hg+ by halide ions was used to determine the average binding strength of native concentrations of CH3Hg (II) in the OS sample. Using data for Org-SRED, calculated surface complexation constants were in the range from 1016.3 to 1016.7 for a model RSH site having an acidity constant of mercaptoacetic acid. These values compare favorably with identically defined stability constants (log K1) for the binding of methyl mercury to thiol groups in well-defined organic compounds. 相似文献
18.
Ch. GarnierG. Finqueneisel T. ZimnyZ. Pokryszka S. LafortuneP.D.C. Défossez E.C. Gaucher 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2011,87(2):80-86
CO2 injection in unmineable coal seams could be one interesting option for both storage and methane recovery processes. The objective of this study is to compare and model pure gas sorption isotherms (CO2 and CH4) for well-characterised coals of different maturities to determine the most suitable coal for CO2 storage. Carbon dioxide and methane adsorption on several coals have been investigated using a gravimetric adsorption method. The experiments were carried out using both CO2 and CH4 pure gases at 25 °C from 0.1 to 5 MPa (1 to 50 bar). The experimental results were fitted using Temkin's approach but also with the corrected Langmuir's and the corrected Tóth's equations. The two last approaches are more accurate from a thermodynamical point of view, and have the advantage of taking into account the fact that experimental data (isotherms) correspond to excess adsorption capacities. These approaches allow better quantification of the adsorbed gas. Determined CO2 adsorption capacities are from 0.5 to 2 mmol/g of dry coal. Modelling provides also the affinity parameters of the two gases for the different coals. We have shown these parameters determined with adsorption models could be used for classification and first selection of coals for CO2 storage. The affinity ratio ranges from a value close to 1 for immature coals to 41 for high rank coals like anthracites. This ratio allows selecting coals having high CO2 adsorption capacities. In our case, the modelling study of a significant number of coals from various ranks shows that anthracites seem to have the highest CO2 storage capacities. Our study provides high quality affinity parameters and values of CO2 and CH4 adsorption capacities on various coals for the future modelling of CO2 injection in coal seams. 相似文献
19.
淮南二叠纪煤及其燃烧产物地球化学特征 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：11
采用仪器中子活化分析法INAA（instrumental neutron activation analysis)测试了淮南煤田二叠纪主采煤层原煤煤样的地球化学组成，用X－射线荧光光谱XRFS（X－ray fluorescence spectrometry)测试了田家庵和洛河电厂的粉煤灰地球化学组成并与煤样作了对比分析，用电子探针测试了飞灰中主要类型颗粒的化学组成，淮南煤中多数微量元素属正常水平，与克拉克值相比，元素Se,S,As,Sb,Br,U和Cl等在煤中趋于富集，其他元素均趋于分散，有机亲和性弱的亲石元素趋于在粉煤灰中聚集，与铁关系密切的金属元素在粉煤灰中有明显的富集，有机亲合性强的元素在燃烧过程中趋于以气态形式向空气中逸散，粉煤灰中因矿物与粒度的分异明显，致使其化学组成在不同的粒度级和比重级中的分布也有较大的不同，飞灰中一些不定形颗粒主要由铁的氧化物和少量其他金属氧化物组成，硅酸盐类颗粒主要由硅，铝和铁的氧化物所组成，而玻璃珠主要由硅和铝的氧化物组成，残碳中测得的砷，硫和氯的含量最高，说明其对这些元素具有较强的吸附能力，研究粉煤灰的成分特点有助于粉煤灰的综合利用和评价其对环境的 影响。 相似文献
20.
Grayna Ceglarska-Stefa&#x;ska Katarzyna Zar&#x;bska 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2005,62(4):211-222
The paper reports the results of experiments concerning the sorption/desorption processes, observed under laboratory conditions, in two types of coal extracted from operational coal-mines in Poland, using CH4 and CO2 to observe their relative inter-reaction with the coal samples when introduced in varying proportions and conditions. Numerous studies concerning the sorption/desorption phenomena have described the operational mechanisms and the relationship of mine gases to the organically-created coal-body in mines. The differences in the behaviour of certain gases is twofold: firstly the essentially different characteristics of CO2 and CH4, and secondly the structure of the coal-bed itself: its degree of metamorphism and content of macerals. From the results yielded, it was observed that the divergence of the isotherms of sorption of CH4 and other gases in comparison with the isotherms of sorption of CO2 and a CO2/CH4 mixture differed and that the curve on the sorption isotherm was more clearly distinct after the introduction of CO2 molecules to the system: coal with a higher degree of metamorphism—CH4, which is closely related to the rigidity of the structure according to the level of metamorphism. Since coals with higher carbon content exhibit lower molecular bonding than low-carbonised coals, the characteristic feature of the bonds in the first case is their mobility. Knowledge of the physical and chemical properties of hard coals, as well as their interaction with mining gases, is of great use in solving problems concerned with the extraction of methane from mines or its storage in goafs. 相似文献