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1.
关于我国南方P／T界线粘土中I／S混层矿物类型的商榷 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文依据目前世界上较流行的I／S混层矿物有序类型划分及鉴定方法,对已公布的我国南方P／T界线粘土岩中I／S混层矿物的有序类型进行重新讨论．结果发现,这些混层矿物实则为IS或ISII有序间层,而非原作者所认定的不规则混层,温层比也明显不同。 相似文献
2.
文中表明，产于贵州瓮安D煤层底板粘土岩中的I／S混层矿物为无序＋似累托石型，平均混层比为40．41S％～30．67S％，属Ca基蒙皂石层。I／S混层矿物的母体为蒙脱石，由进变作用形成。 相似文献
3.
粘土沉积物XRD定量分析方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从理论上推导了无序混合层粘土矿物混层比f与XRD视面网间距d之间的近似函数关系,制定出I/S混层矿物的d-f换算表;通过对济阳拗陷泥质岩石的研究,从一种新的途径求出了粘土矿物的强度因子,提出混层矿物XRD强度因子与混层比的线性关系式。根据不同的制样方法,利用微机运算,可以对粘土沉积物中的6种或10种矿物进行大量快速的定量分析。 相似文献
4.
蒙皂石—伊利石演化及有关问题的理论探讨 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
摘要：作者认为蒙皂石—伊利石的转化是多因素、多机制作用的结果．不同环境、不同机制形成的伊／蒙混层矿物,有序化出现时的伊利石层含量不同。伊／蒙混层由无序到有序是一个连续的渐变过程,存在过渡型混层矿物,多数伊／蒙混层矿物都是以某一类型为主的复杂集合体。作者指出分散蒙皂石是影响无序型伊／蒙混层矿物混层比计算精度的主要因素。 相似文献
5.
钙-铈氟碳酸盐矿物系列中新规则混层矿物的晶格象研究 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
本文用电子衍射和晶格象技术研究钙-铈氟碳酸盐矿物微结构特征。除确定有氟碳铈矿(B),氟碳钙铈矿(BS)、伦琴矿(BS_2)和B_3S_2规则混层矿物外,还首次发现了9种B_mS_n(m≥++n)型新的规则混层矿物。这些新规则混层矿物,往往以共格的形式共存于一个自然晶粒之中。大量的SAED和晶格象揭示了这类稀土矿物各成员之间的相互结构关系。研究表明:钙-铈氟碳酸盐矿物系列中矿物衍生体的微结构特征及其变化是相当复杂的,它们是由不同组分的氟碳铈矿(B)和直氟碳钙铈矿(S)的结构单元层在c轴方向通过不同比例堆垛方式,形成一系列新规则混层矿物及多型。 相似文献
6.
云南腾冲地热区水热活动强烈,各种岩石明显蚀变,形成了硅化带、明矾石化带、高岭土化带、泥化带和规则混层带。I/M不规则混层主要产于高岭土化带和泥化带。I/M规则混层矿物出现在规则混层带,空间分布上与热泉出露区的方向一致,主要是高温地热蒸气与围岩发生交代作用的产物。I/M混层矿物是蚀变过程中由蒙脱石向高岭石转化的中间产物。 相似文献
7.
根据HRTEM研究，在四川西昌地区的钙稀土氟碳酸盐矿物衍生多晶体中发现了四种不同的B10S8型[即氟碳怖矿（B）／直氟碳钙铈矿（S）为10：8]新规则混层矿物（B10S8－I，B10S8－Ⅱ，B10S8-Ⅱ和B10S8－Ⅳ）。用SAED和HREM方法确定了四种新规则混层矿物的晶体结构对称性、晶胞参数、结构堆垛模式及晶体化学式等。四种B10S8新规则混层矿物结构中，Ce－F离子层的堆垛层序以及两个Ce－F离子层之间的碳酸根离子层的排列方式均不同。同时还观察到该类矿物中的畸结构及堆垛层错等。 相似文献
8.
一种与铀矿有关的1:1绿泥石—蒙脱石规则混层矿物的发现 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
绿泥石和蒙脱石的混层矿物是日本人须藤最早发现的。他于1954年在Reseki矿床中发现了一种具较大晶面间距的粘土矿物,经研究证明是一种由二八面体绿泥石和蒙脱石组成的规则混层矿物。1959年高桥从Tsunemi矿石含粘土脉的白云岩中获得了三八 相似文献
9.
绿泥石和蒙脱石的混层矿物是日本人须藤最早发现的。他于1954年在Reseki矿床中发现了一种具较大晶面间距的粘土矿物,经研究证明是一种由二八面体绿泥石和蒙脱石组成的规则混层矿物。1959年高桥从Tsunemi矿石含粘土脉的白云岩中获得了三八 相似文献
10.
为了解天津蓟县长城系串岭沟组地层中混层粘土矿物的组成和结构特征, 利用X射线粉晶衍射(XRD) 和高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM) 对其进行了深入研究.通过对比该区粘土矿物的自然干燥片、Ca离子饱和片、Ca饱和的乙二醇膨胀片、加热到375℃和550℃的乙二醇膨胀片获取的XRD衍射峰, 确定该区混层粘土矿物为伊利石/蒙脱石(I/S) 不规则混层矿物和绿泥石/蒙脱石(Chl/S) 不规则混层矿物.从高分辨透射电镜观察到I/S规则及不规则混层的晶格条纹像以及Chl/S不规则混层的晶格条纹像, 揭示了该区I/S混层和Chl/S混层的层间堆跺结构特征.该研究为蓟县中元古界典型剖面提供了重要的混层粘土矿物的结构信息. 相似文献
11.
The pore-water geochemistry and mineralogy of tailings derived from a granitic tungsten deposit were characterized by collecting pore-water samples at discrete depth intervals throughout the tailings for the analysis of major and minor element concentrations. Mineralogical samples from the oxidation zone were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), electron microprobe (EMP) combined with wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (WDS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The oxidation of sulfide minerals in the near-surface tailings leads to a decrease in pore-water pH and elevated SO4, As, and metal concentrations. The unusual mineralogy of this deposit, compared with that of commonly studied base-metal and gold deposits, results in several unique geochemical characteristics. The dissolution of fluorite releases F into the pore water; the F forms strong complexes with Al and enhances the dissolution of aluminosilicate minerals within the oxidation zone. As a result, high Al concentrations (up to 151.7 mg/L) are detected in the near-neutral pore water in the oxidation zone. The combined dissolution of aluminosilicates and carbonate minerals maintains the pH near 10 in the pore water at depth. Elevated concentrations of W (up to 7.1 mg/L) are detected in the pore water throughout the tailings, likely as a result of the dissolution of wolframite. Consistent with geochemical model calculations, results from SEM/EDS, EMP/WDS and TEM/EDS analyses indicate that secondary minerals, which occur as orange-brown coatings on grains of primary-minerals, are Fe oxyhydroxides. Examples of these secondary minerals display a fibrous habit at high resolution in the TEM. One of these minerals, which contains substantial amounts of Al, As, and Si as impurities, was identified by selected-area electron diffraction (SAED) analyses to be goethite. Another mineral contains relatively high amounts of Si, Pb, Bi, and As, and SAED analyses suggest that the mineral is two-line ferrihydrite. 相似文献
12.
山东省归来庄金矿田卓家庄含碲金矿床的碲化物赋存状态研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
含碲金矿床中碲的赋存状态研究是对其进行综合开发利用的技术关键。文章采用高分辨率扫描电镜(SEM)结合X射线能谱(EDS)和元素面分布技术(EDS_Mapping),首次对山东省归来庄金矿田的卓家庄金矿床中金属类微细矿物及蚀变围岩进行元素空间分布及丰度分析,定性确定可能存在的矿物种类、形态特征及各矿物间的空间关系。在此基础上,采用EDS微区成分分析法分别对各含碲矿物进行了精确的成分测定,最终得到矿石中含碲矿物的化学式和空间分布特征。研究结果表明,山东卓家庄金矿床中含碲矿物均以浸染状的他形镶嵌分布于主矿物之间,颗粒大小从几微米到几百微米,总体以二十几微米最多,不同粒级的碲化物常相互伴生;含碲矿物种类有单质碲矿、PbTe、FeTe_2、AgAu_2Te_6和Cu_xAg_(1_x)Au_2Te_6,其中后两种矿物为本研究首次发现。 相似文献
13.
云南官房铜矿床矿石矿物特征及银的赋存状态 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过显微镜鉴定、电子探针(EPMA)及扫描电镜能谱分析(SEM/EDS)等方法,首次对官房铜矿的矿物组合和银的赋存状态进行了研究。初步查明,矿石矿物为中-低温热液成因,并受火山机构及断裂构造的控制;银矿物主要为碲银矿和辉银矿。矿石中银与铜呈明显正相关关系,而方铅矿中不含银。银主要以类质同象的形式赋存于含铜矿物或黄铁矿中;银的独立矿物含量低,且多呈包裹体的形式存在于黄铜矿、斑铜矿及黄铁矿中,或以微细粒状赋存于矿物颗粒间和斑铜矿的表面。 相似文献
14.
铜陵矿区废矿石次生氧化产物及其成因初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对铜陵矿区废矿石的矿物组成及其成因进行研究,利用X射线衍射仪（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析原生矿物及其风化产物的组成,探讨次生矿物的形成机制。XRD及SEM/EDS分析表明,废矿石中残留的主要原生矿物为黄铁矿,次生矿物为针铁矿、赤铁矿、水铁矿及次生硫酸盐矿物。原生矿物风化为次生矿物的过程是从黄铁矿的裂隙带等有缺陷的部位开始,逐步氧化成最终产物针铁矿。中间过程出现了矿物相及形态的多样性,局部可能会先形成中间产物水铁矿,由于水铁矿很不稳定,在不同的温、湿度条件下会很快转化成针铁矿或赤铁矿。针铁矿在风化过程中呈现出多种形态,针状矿物最先形成,随后重结晶成球状集合体和菱方双锥单晶,最后在废矿石表面完全覆盖一层土状针铁矿。SEM观察到的黄铁矿表面的生物矿物与最外层风化层上的菌丝类物质说明,在废矿石的风化过程中生物亦起了一定的作用。 相似文献
15.
The Three Gorges are considered to be critical to understand the formation of Yangtze River. Recent research results suggest that the Yangtze Three Gorges was created during the Quaternary but the exact time is debatable. Fe–Ti oxide minerals are seldom used to study sediment provenance, expecially using scanning electron microscopy(SEM), and energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS). In this study, the provenance of Quaternary sediments in Yichang area, which is located to the east of the Yangtze Three Gorges, was investigated by using SEM and EDS to research Fe–Ti oxides. The Panzhihua vanadium titanomagnetite and Emeishan basalt outcrop are located to the west of the Three Gorges. Further, the materials from them are observed in the Quaternary sediments of Yichang area. Fe–Ti oxide minerals from the Huangling granite are observed in the Yunchi and Shanxiyao Formations, which were formed before 0.75 Ma B.P., whereas Fe–Ti oxide minerals from the Huangling granite, Panzhihua vanadium titanomagnetite, and Emeishan basalt are observed in the riverbed and fifth-terrace sediments of the Yangtze River, which were formed after 0.73 Ma B.P.. Thus, we can infer that the Three Gorges formed after the deposition of the Shanxi Formation and before the fifth-terrace; i.e., 0.75–0.73 Ma B.P.. 相似文献
16.
《矿物学报》2013,(Z1)
This paper presents a methodology for studying low grade lateritic nickel ore, which usually presents complex mineralogy, with widespread nickel in several mineral phases. The study is focused on determining the mineralogy and the distribution of nickel in the bearing minerals. Laboratory assays comprise homogenization, sampling and particle size analysis. Chemical analyses by X-ray fluorescence are performed in all fractions sizes, while mineralogical assessments by X-ray diffraction are carried out for head sample. The mineralogical composition of the samples and the partition of main elements in the bearing minerals are assayed by size fraction through automated image analysis software (MLA) coupled to a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The chemical compositions of the several minerals identified in MLA are determined during systematic observations on SEM with energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). 相似文献
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18.
The importance of the identification of the mineral phases in the heavy fractions of geochemical samples is emphasized. A knowledge of the chemical composition with information about the anomalous contents of the economically interesting metals in the samples is not sufficient, it is also essential to know the mineralogical source of the metals especially when the exploitation possibilities of the searched-for deposits are being estimated. A version of autoradiography suitable for the location and quantitative determination of radioactive minerals in the heavy fractions of geochemical samples is described. Furthermore, the use of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with an energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS) in the identification of the heavy minerals is also described. An example of the use of SEM-EDS identification of radioactive minerals, located by the autoradiography, is described. 相似文献
19.
The effects of goethite on the anaerobic bio-decomposition of sulfate minerals were investigated by using the beef extract
as a carbon source and the activated sludge as the source of mixed bacteria. Solution pH, sulfate concentration, total iron
ion concentration and the solid products of four different batch tests were monitored and analyzed. Experimental results showed
that the presence of iron oxide can improve the alkalinity of the reaction system which results in the increase of pH value.
Moreover, the added goethite consumed a large amount of H2S generated from the sulfate minerals by SRB, thereby significantly enhancing the decomposition of gypsum and anhydrite compared
with the control batch tests. In addition, the SEM observation and the EDS spectra showed that there were some rod-shaped
microorganisms and new generated minerals, such as iron sulfide, calcium carbonate crystals, and elemental sulfur. Both of
the proliferation of new minerals (iron sulfide and calcium carbonate crystals) and the complete disappearance of sulfate
minerals indicated that iron oxide can play the role in fixing the S element through the metabolism of SRB and hence improve
the bio-decomposition of sulfate minerals. 相似文献
20.
运用FTIR、SEM和EDS等分析方法对浙江昌化地开石次生矿中俗称"昌化田黄"的风化层矿物组成、微观形貌及化学成分变化进行了系统研究,结果表明,风化层的主要矿物组成为高岭石族矿物,含有铁质及钙镁质副矿物。与未风化新鲜层相比,风化层的组成矿物因溶蚀作用及颗粒间隙铁质矿物充填作用连结成片,晶体边界模糊不清。部分样品风化层表面附着Fe、Mn质矿物,Fe、Ca等元素含量普遍高于未风化层。风化表层与未风化新鲜层显微结构显示出明显的差异,沿风化剖面由表及里Fe、Ca元素含量逐渐降低,二者为"昌化田黄"经历次生风化作用的显著表征。而次生风化层中石英矿物的出现以及含Mn质矿物的表层附着,可为"昌化田黄"与寿山田黄的产地鉴别提供依据。 相似文献