共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 562 毫秒
1.
V. Chakravarthi B. Ramamma T. Venkat Reddy 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(5):561-569
An automatic modeling scheme is developed in the space domain to interpret the gravity anomalies of sedimentary basins, among which the density contrast decreases exponentially with depth. Forward modeling is realized in the space domain using a combination of both analytical and numerical approaches. A collage of vertical prisms having equal widths, whose depths are to be estimated, describes the geometry of a sedimentary basin. Initial depths of a sedimentary basin are predicted using the Bouguer slab formula and subsequently updated, iteratively, based on the differences between the observed and theoretical gravity anomalies until the modeled gravity anomalies mimic the observed ones. The validity and applicability of the method is demonstrated with a synthetic and two real field gravity anomalies, one each over the Chintalpudi sub-basin in India and the other over the San Jacinto graben, California. In case of synthetic example, the assumed structure resembles a typical intracratonic rift basin formed by normal block faulting and filled with thick section of sediments. The proposed modeling technique yielded information that is consistent with the assumed parameters in the case of synthetic structure and with the available/drilling depths in case of field examples. 相似文献
2.
D Bhaskara Rao 《Journal of Earth System Science》1986,95(2):275-284
The decrease of density contrast with depth in sedimentary strata is approximated by a quadratic function. The anomaly equation of a trapezoidal model with the quadratic density function is derived. Nonlinear optimization technique using the Marquardt algorithm has been developed and used to interpret a synthetic anomaly profile of the trapezoidal model. The exact values of the coefficients of the quadratic density function are assumed to be known. The convergence of the method is shown by plotting the values of the objective function λ and the various parameters with respect to iteration number. θ and half-width of the trapezoidal model are found to be correlated. The method is also applied to interpret the gravity anomalies over San Jacinto graben, California. Finally, the use of modelling with quadratic density function is discussed. 相似文献
3.
A method coupled with a GUI based code in JAVA is developed in the space domain to simultaneously estimate the structures of strike limited listric fault sources and regional gravity background from a set of observed Bouguer gravity anomalies. The density contrast within the hanging wall of the structure is assumed to be varying continuously with depth based on a parabolic equation. The limiting surface of the fault plane is described with an exponential function. This method is automatic in the sense that it initializes both parameters of a strike limited listric fault source and regional gravity background from a set of observed Bouguer gravity anomalies and improves them iteratively until the modeled gravity anomalies fit the observed anomalies within the specified convergence criteria. The advantage of the code is that besides generating output in both ASCII and graphical forms it displays the animated versions of (i) the changes in model geometry, (ii) variation of each model parameter and misfit with iteration number, (iii) improvements in modeled gravity anomalies, and (iv) variation of density contrast with depth. The applicability of the code is demonstrated on both synthetic and real field gravity anomalies. In case of synthetic example pseudorandom noise is added to the residual gravity anomalies of the structure prior to inversion. The noisy anomalies are then inverted for the unknown parameters presuming (i) an ideal listric fault structure bounded by an exponential limiting surface with perfect flat top and bottom surfaces, (ii) non-ideal structure with uneven top and bottom surfaces with imperfect exponential limiting surface. Further, the robustness of the algorithm is exemplified by adding both regional gravity background and pseudorandom noise to the anomalies of the structure before inversion. In all cases, the interpreted parameters of the structure closely mimic the assumed parameters. The interpretation of gravity anomalies across the master fault of the Chintalpudi sub-basin in India has yielded information that is consistent with both DSS results and drilling information. The highlight of the code is that it can be used to interpret the gravity anomalies of listric fault sources even when the profile along which the interpretation is intended fails to bisect the strike length of the structure. 相似文献
4.
V Chakravarthi M Pramod Kumar B Ramamma S Rajeswara Sastry 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(3):64
Boundary faults associated with thick sedimentary basins are more often curved in cross section rather than planar. We develop a space domain-based automatic gravity inversion technique to quantify such listric fault sources from a set of observed gravity anomalies. The density contrast within the hanging wall of fault morphology is presumed to be known according to a prescribed exponential law. Furthermore, the fault plane is described by a polynomial function of arbitrary but specific degree, whose coefficients become the unknown parameters to be estimated from a set of observed gravity anomalies in addition to the thickness of the fault structure. Using a set of characteristic anomalies, the present inversion identifies approximate parameters pertaining to the origin of fault plane and depth to decollement horizon. Based on the errors between the observed and model gravity anomalies of the structure, the algorithm constructs and solves a system of normal equations to estimate the improvements in depth and coefficients of the polynomial in an iterative approach until one of the specified convergence criteria is fulfilled. The efficacy of the algorithm is shown with the analysis of gravity anomalies attributable to a synthetic model of a listric fault source in the presence of pseudorandom noise. Application of the proposed inversion technique on the observed gravity anomalies of the Ahri-Cherla master fault of the Godavari subbasin in India using the derived exponential density contrast model has yielded an interpretation that is consistent with the available/reported information. 相似文献
5.
黑龙江省虎林盆地单元结构的地质-地球物理研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用基于余弦变换的重力异常向上延拓及常密度单界面重力异常反演方法对虎林盆地布格重力异常进行了处理,反演了基底深度。结合穿过盆地的重力和大地电磁测深剖面资料及俄罗斯一侧的阿尔昌盆地的地质资料,分析了虎林盆地地质-地球物理所反映的盆地南部和北部基底结构的差异性。研究结果表明：敦密断裂（由2支断裂组成）中的南支断裂倾向直立,走滑特征明显,控制着其两侧断块的走滑及盆地的形成和演化过程,为主干断裂;以其为分界线,虎林盆地由地质和地球物理性质完全不同的2个盆地（南部盆地和北部盆地）组成,北部盆地为大三江盆地的一部分,南部盆地则属于另外一个独立的盆地体系。 相似文献
6.
Crustal density structure in the Spanish Central System derived from gravity data analysis (Central Spain) 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Shallow and deep sources generate a gravity low in the central Iberian Peninsula. Long-wavelength shallow sources are two continental sedimentary basins, the Duero and the Tajo Basins, separated by a narrow mountainous chain called the Spanish Central System. To investigate the crustal density structure, a multitaper spectral analysis of gravity data was applied. To minimise biases due to misleading shallow and deep anomaly sources of similar wavelength, first an estimation of gravity anomaly due to Cenozoic sedimentary infill was made. Power spectral analysis indicates two crustal discontinuities at mean depths of 31.1 ± 3.6 and 11.6 ± 0.2 km, respectively. Comparisons with seismic data reveal that the shallow density discontinuity is related to the upper crust lower limit and the deeper source corresponds to the Moho discontinuity. A 3D-depth model for the Moho was obtained by inverse modelling of regional gravity anomalies in the Fourier domain. The Moho depth varies between a mean depth of 31 km and 34 km. Maximum depth is located in a NW–SE trough. Gravity modelling points to lateral density variations in the upper crust. The Central System structure is described as a crustal block uplifted by NE–SW reverse faults. The formation of the system involves displacement along an intracrustal detachment in the middle crust. This detachment would split into several high-angle reverse faults verging both NW and SE. The direction of transport is northwards, the detachment probably being rooted at the Moho. 相似文献
7.
A method to model 3D sedimentary basins with parabolic density contrast is applied to Büyük Menderes basin in Western Anatolia. The measured gravity fields, reduced to a horizontal plane, are assumed to be available at grid nodes of a rectangular/square mesh. Juxtaposed 3D vertical prisms with their geometrical epicenters on top coincide with grid nodes of a mesh to approximate a sedimentary basin. The algorithm based on Newton’s forward difference formula automatically calculates the initial depth estimates of a sedimentary basin assuming that 2D infinite horizontal slabs can generate the measured gravity fields and among these slabs the density contrast varies with depth. The lower boundary of a sedimentary basin is formulated by estimating the depth values of the 3D prisms with in predetermined limits. Measured gravity fields pertaining to the Büyük Menderes basin, Turkey, where the density contrast varies with depth, are interpreted to show the applicability of the method. 相似文献
8.
《Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part A: Solid Earth and Geodesy》1999,24(3):221-230
The key for understanding the dynamics of the Northeast German basin is the knowledge of its present-day structures. Our studies are focused on the complex geometry and evolution of this basin by the aid of numerical models. To support this task, it was necessary to consider and integrate all available geoscientific information. Based on borehole data, depth maps and on results of isostatic modelling we derived a 3D model of the basin structure. A smoothed map of the regional gravity field (after Grosse and Conrad, 1990) completed the data base. By means of 3D gravity modelling, the initial model structure was modified to fit in the geophysical data set.An important characteristic of the Northeast German Basin is the presence of Upper Permian Zechstein salt. The salt domes and walls related to the postdepositional mobilisation of the salt layer cause pronounced negative gravity anomalies. This effect is considered as a central problem in this study. In order to investigate possible causes of gravimetric anomalies, we studied the influence of different crustal depth levels. We applied a 3D gravity stripping approach to eliminate the gravimetric effects caused by sedimentary fill of the basin and to separate density anomalies within the sedimentary fill from the influence of deeper levels in the crystalline crust. Complementary, we calculated the downward continuation of the gravimetric field to the basin floor and compared the outcome with the results obtained by 3D stripping. The good fit between the calculated gravity anomalies and the measured anomalies confirms the applicability of the approach. Additionally, we interpreted the Bouguer anomalies in terms of crustal density distribution and discuss the model concerning its consistency with other geophysical data considering the first results of the seismic reflection experiment DEKORP BASIN96. 相似文献
9.
用快速准确重力三维正演算法计算白垩系顶面及以上各密度界面的重力异常,采用“剥皮法”从实测重力异常中减去自垩系顶面及以上各密度界面的重力效应后得到剩余异常,由此反演研究区内白垩系底面深度。由于采用快速三维反演算法并顾及地质及航磁异常信息,求得了白垩系厚度,计算出的底板埋深等更为合理、精细,为洞庭地区油气资源基础性研究及评价提供了重要的信息。 相似文献
10.
基于DCT的重力异常数据处理正、反演方法具有较高的精度,计算方法稳定性优良。将基于DCT的重力异常水平一阶导数、垂向一阶导数、常密度单界面异常反演和Euler反褶积等正、反演方法用于大庆探区外围虎林盆地DB1线重力异常数据处理中,综合分析了该线重力场特征。利用基于DCT的Euler反褶积法反演出断层14条,分析了其中7条较深大断裂的性质。根据反演的结晶基底起伏情况和断裂构造剖面轨迹的基本特征,将DB1线划分为两隆两坳的构造格局,其中七虎林河断陷是由古新纪（E）断陷与早白垩纪（K1）残余盆地组成的2个旋回（E+ K1）的叠合盆地,而凯北坳陷为早白垩纪（K1）的残余盆地。把敦密南北支2条断裂确定为虎林盆地控盆断裂,阐述了控盆断裂的动力学特征。 相似文献
11.
The gravity and magnetic data along three profiles across the northern part of the K-G basin have been collected and the data is interpreted for basement depths. The first profile is taken from Gadarada to Yanam covering a distance of 60 km and the second starts from Zangareddiguddem to Samathkur covering a distance of 110 km and the third is from Kotturu to Biyyapuppa covering a distance of 100 km. The gravity lows and highs have clearly indicated various sub-basins and ridges. The density logs from ONGC, Chennai, show that the density contrast decreases with depth in the sedimentary basin, and hence, the gravity profiles are interpreted using variable density contrast with depth. From the Bouguer gravity anomaly, the residual anomaly is constructed by graphical method correlating with well data, sub-surface geology and seismic information. The residual anomaly profiles are interpreted using polygon model. The maximum depths to the khondalitic basement are obtained as 5.61km, 6.46 km and 7.45 km for the first, second and third profiles respectively. The regional anomaly is interpreted as Moho rise towards coast. The aeromagnetic anomaly profiles are also interpreted for charnockite basement below the khondalitic group of rocks using prismatic models. 相似文献
12.
Sivas Basin is the easternmost and third largest basin of the Central Anatolian Basins. In this study, gravity, aeromagnetic and seismic data are used to investigate the deep structure of the Sivas Basin, together with the well seismic velocity data, geological observations from the surface and the borehole data of the Celalli-1 well. Basement depth is modeled three-dimensionally (3D) using the gravity anomalies, and 2D gravity and magnetic models were constructed along with a N–S trending profile. Densities of the rock samples were obtained from the distinct parts of the basin surface and in-situ susceptibilities were also measured and evaluated in comparison with the other geophysical and geological data. Additionally, seismic sections, in spite of their low resolution, were used to define the velocity variation in the basin in order to compare depth values and geological cross-section obtained from the modeling studies. Deepest parts of the basin (12–13 km), determined from the 3D model, are located below the settlement of Hafik and to the south of Zara towns. Geometry, extension and wideness of the basin, together with the thickness and lithologies of the sedimentary units are reasonably appropriate for further hydrocarbon exploration in the Sivas Basin that is still an unexplored area with the limited number of seismic lines and only one borehole. 相似文献
13.
To assess the possibility that the North Atlantic Ocean may subduct at Scotian basin east of Canada, we investigate the present compensation state of this deep basin. A Fourier domain analysis of the bathymetry, depth to basement and observed gravity anomalies over the oceanic area east of Nova Scotia indicates that the basin is not isostatically compensated. Moreover, the analysis emphasizes that in addition to the sediments, density perturbations exist beneath the basin. The load produced by the sediments and these density perturbations must have been supported by the lithosphere. We simulate the flexure of the lithosphere under this load by that of a thin elastic plate overlying an inviscid interior. It is shown that a plate with a uniform rigidity does not adequately represent the lithosphere beneath the basin as well as the oceanic lithosphere far from the basin, rather the rigidity of the lithosphere directly beneath the basin is about one to two orders of magnitude smaller than elsewhere. We relate this weakening to the thermal blanketing effects of the thick sediments and the fact that the lithosphere has a temperature-dependent rheology. We suggest that this weak zone would have a controlling effect on the reactivation of normal faults at the hinge zone of the basin, that were formed during the break-up of Africa and North America and were locked in the early stages after the break-up. The weak zone would facilitate reactivation of the faults if tensional stresses were produced by possible reorientation of the spreading direction of the North Atlantic Ocean in the future. The reactivation of the faults would create a free boundary condition at the hinge zone, allowing further bending of the lithosphere beneath the basin and juxtaposition of this lithosphere to the mantle beneath the continent. This may provide a favorable situation for initiation of slow subduction due to subsequent compressional forces. 相似文献
14.
中国边缘海新生代沉积盆地地理信息系统的设计及潮汕坳陷区数据库的建立 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
系统设计了信息系统包括数据库结构并制订了各种资料分类、编码和命名等规定，为整个中国边缘海新生代沉积盆地的基底特征及其构造格局研究提供一致的标准，便于进行综合对比研究。在ArcInfo下以潮汕坳陷区为例，建立了包括重磁异常及其处理结果、海底地形图、海水深度资料、断裂分布，重磁基底深度、中生界厚度、火成岩分布等的地质、地球物理数据库。 相似文献
15.
利用DCT法计算重力归一化总梯度 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用重力归一化总梯度方法可以寻找场源位置,通过“两高夹一低”的典型场特征可以检测油气构造,传统的方法主要采用的是别列兹金法（即傅立叶级数法）和傅立叶变换法。利用DCT法计算重力归一化总梯度是最新研究方法。从理论上给出了基于DCT的重力异常转换公式,进而研究了无限长水平圆柱体、三度体非含油气球冠以及储油球冠模型GH场特征。模型实验证实：随着地质体埋深的增大,谐波数会逐渐减小,GH场奇点极大值向下移动,且呈现线性衰减的特征;储油球冠GH场等值线表现出明显的“两高夹一低”的储油气藏典型标志;用DCT法计算的GH场具有优良的稳定性,而且能够增加向下延拓的计算深度。 相似文献
16.
P. R. Reddy N. Venkateswarlu A. S. S. S. R. S. Prasad P. Koteswara Rao 《Journal of Earth System Science》1993,102(3):487-505
An integrated interpretation of the seismic refraction and wide-angle reflection data, geological and structural details,
bore-hole litholog information and gravity particulars along Beliator-Burdwan-Bangaon deep seismic sounding (DSS) profile
in West Bengal basin has helped in getting a crustal density model. This model is consistent with all available surface and
bore-hole geophysical data that can realistically explain the trend, shape and magnitude of gravity data across the West Bengal
basin.
The present exercise pointed out that the thick sedimentary column (with thickening trend towards east), conspicuous lateral
variations in the Moho configuration (with a prominent 40 km wide domal feature covering the eastern part of the stable shelf
and trie western segment of the deep basinal part) coupled with the structural trends in the basement, mid and lower crustal
columns have combinedly contributed to the gravity effect and as such the prominent lateral variations in the Bouguer gravity
anomalies could be mainly attributed to regionally extending causative factors.
The synthesis clearly points out the need to take proper care in selecting the density values as direct conversion of velocities
into densities, adapting well-known conversion formulae, does not always hold good specially in the eastern part of the West
Bengal basin where a huge thickness of sediments (velocities ranging between 4 to 5 km/sec) of high density 2.6 to 2.8 g/cm3 are sandwiched between younger sediments and the crystalline basement. 相似文献
17.
梯度法解释复杂二维断裂重力异常 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对以往的二维断裂重力异常的梯度解释方法作了几点改进:①采用最小二乘拟合方法求取台阶倾角α;②直接利用台阶倾角与台阶的水平边界位置来计算台阶的埋深;③将重力二维梯度解释方法推广到复杂断裂模型的解释。文中详细论述了这种方法的原理, 给出了其具体实现步骤。该方法比起以往重力梯度解释方法, 应用更加简便而且解释结果更加稳定。用该法成功地解释了某油气盆地的实测重力资料。 相似文献
18.
《Tectonophysics》1987,140(1):1-12
A crustal depth section was obtained from Deep Seismic Soundings (DSS) along the Alampur-Koniki-Ganapeshwaram profile, cutting across the northern part of the Proterozoic Cuddapah basin, India, running just south of latitude 16° N and between longitude 78° E and 81°E. The existence of a low-angle thrust fault at the eastern margin of the Cuddapah basin (Kaila et al., 1979) was confirmed along a second profile. Another low-angle thrust, along which charnockites with the granitic basement are upthrust against the Dharwars was delineated further east. The contact of the khondalites (lower Precambrian) with quaternary sediments near the east coast of India seems to be a fault boundary, which may be responsible for the thick sedimentary accumulation in the adjoining offshore region.The basement in the western part of the Cuddapah basin is very shallow and is gently downdipping eastward, to a depth of 1.7 km about 20 km west of Atmakur. It attains a depth of about 4.5 km in the deepest part of the Kurnool sub-basin, around Atmakur. Under the Nallamalai ranges its depth varies between 3.5 and 6.5 km, with an easterly dip. In the region north of the Iswarkuppam dome, the basement is at a depth of about 5.0 km, to about 6.8 km in the eastern part of the Cuddapah basin. Outside the eastern margin of the basin, the depth of the basement is about 1.8 km and further eastwards it is exposed. A fault at the contact of the khondalites with quaternary sediments near the east coast brings the basement down to a depth of approximately 1.3 km.In the Kurnool sub-basin the depth to the Moho discontinuity varies from 35 km under Atmakur to 39 km under the Nallamalai hills. In the region of the Iswarkuppam dome it is at a depth of about 36 km, deepening to about 39 km before rising to 37 km towards the east. Two-dimensional velocity modelling using ray-tracing techniques tends to confirm these results.Gravity modelling of the crustal structure, utilizing a four-layer crustal model in most parts along this profile, conforms to the observed gravity values. A weak zone in the eastern part of the profile where high-density material (density 3.05 g/cm3) has been found seems to be responsible for the gravity high in that part. 相似文献
19.
利用综合地球物理资料研究大庆探区外围绥芬河七星镇剖面构造特征及油气远景 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
通过分析绥芬河-七星镇(简称DB3) 地球物理剖面的位场异常和一阶导数特征, 在波数域利用重力归一化总梯度及相位法进行计算并划分出12条主要断裂。利用频率域的线性反演法计算了盆地基底深度, 并划分出绥阳隆起、敦密断陷、穆棱隆起、鸡西盆地、那丹哈达隆起、勃利盆地、七台河隆起、北兴坳陷和七星镇隆起区, 剖面的重力基底深度为0.9～3.8 km。综合重力和大地电磁测深结果对剖面的9个构造分区进行分析, 并推断敦密断陷内部、鸡西盆地中部和勃利盆地南部分布有3 个油气远景区。 相似文献