共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
Qualitative locations describe spatial objects by relating the spatial objects to a frame of reference (e.g. a regional partition in this study) with qualitative relations. Existing models only formalize spatial objects, frames of reference, and their relations at one scale, thus limiting their applicability in representing location changes of spatial objects across scales. A topology‐based, multi‐scale qualitative location model is proposed to represent the associations of multiple representations of the same objects with respect to the frames of reference at different levels. Multi‐scale regional partitions are first presented to be the frames of reference at multiple levels of scale. Multi‐scale locations are then formalized to relate multiple representations of the same objects to the multiple frames of reference by topological relations. Since spatial objects, frames of reference, and topological relations in qualitative locations are scale dependent, scale transformation approaches are presented to derive possible coarse locations from detailed locations by incorporating polygon merging, polygon‐to‐line and polygon‐to‐point operators. 相似文献
2.
GIS空间分析功能在超市选址中的应用 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
选择科学有效的位置是超市经营发展的先决条件,地理信息系统依靠其强大的空间分析和可视化功能使超市选址更具直观性和科学性。本文通过对商业选址影响因素的分析,采用GIS的空间分析功能实现其对多要素指标的综合分析,做出运用GIS选址的方案,实现GIS在超市选址分析中的系统设计。 相似文献
3.
4.
Yongxin Deng 《Journal of Geographical Systems》2016,18(3):229-248
This paper examines complications in neighborhood mapping and corresponding challenges for the GIS community, taking both a conceptual and a methodological perspective. It focuses on the social and spatial dimensions of the neighborhood concept and highlights their relationship in neighborhood mapping. Following a brief summary of neighborhood definitions, five interwoven factors are identified to be origins of neighborhood mapping difficulties: conceptual vagueness, uncertainty of various sources, GIS representation, scale, and neighborhood homogeneity or continuity. Existing neighborhood mapping methods are grouped into six categories to be assessed: perception based, physically based, inference based, preexisting, aggregated, and automated. Mapping practices in various neighborhood-related disciplines and applications are cited as examples to demonstrate how the methods work, as well as how they should be evaluated. A few mapping strategies for the improvement of neighborhood mapping are prescribed from a GIS perspective: documenting simplifications employed in the mapping procedure, addressing uncertainty sources, developing new data solutions, and integrating complementary mapping methods. Incorporation of high-resolution data and introduction of more GIS ideas and methods (such as fuzzy logic) are identified to be future opportunities. 相似文献
5.
矢量GIS空间方向关系的演算模型 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
空间方向关系是描述空间目标间位置分布的一类基本空间约束，在GIS中是由形式化模型描述的。但现有模型由于简化假设过多，其描述分辨率较低。以点／点空间方向关系的计算量为基础，在综合考虑空间目标的几何构成和分布关系后，提出了定量化演算空间方向关系的一种新模型。利用该模型的结果，根据定量表达与定性描述之间的转换函数，可以得到相应的定性描述结果。理论分析和算例表明，新模型对目标间距离和目标本身的形状等影响方向关系的参数更为敏感，因而比现有模型有更高的描述分辨率。 相似文献
6.
关于线状地理特征空间关系的自然语言描述的形式化表达 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目前的地理信息系统都使用定量的方法存储和查询空间信息,不能反映人们的定性思维方式,因此它表达地理空间信息的能力受到限制。在关于空间关系的自然语言描述的调查的基础上,本文定义了一组能反映线状物体空间关系的度量指标,结合反映拓扑关系的定量指标,使用决策树的数据挖掘算法,对调查结果进行分析,形式化了描述空间关系的自然语言词汇,建立了模糊的自然语言表达和图形的几何特征之间的联系。自然语言形式化后得到的规则可用于空间关系的自然语言查询系统。 相似文献
7.
Qualitative representation of spatial locations and their similarity measurements are essential for the analysis of linguistic term‐based data. Existing methods have focused on the similarities of spatial relations and spatial scenes but have not considered the variations in geometrical representations and relations over scales. This study developed some new measures to assess the similarities of both single‐ and multi‐scale qualitative locations. Region‐ and cell‐based models were used to formalize qualitative locations of spatial objects with respect to multi‐scale frames of reference. The similarities were assessed by integrating the similarities of frames and qualitative relations. The frame similarity measures how two objects are compared considering the common elements that they occupy in the reference frames. Moreover, the similarity of qualitative relation measures how two relations relate two objects to the corresponding elements in the frames. The location similarities at a single level integrate the similarities of the frames and qualitative relations, whereas the location similarities at multiple scales incorporate the variations in qualitative locations over scales. These methods were used to assess location similarities concerning residential areas, roads, and lakes. The results indicated that the location‐based measurements can disclose the distributions of the similarities and that the cell‐based model is more accurate than the region‐based model. 相似文献
8.
本文从地图机助制图系统的实用与发展的特性出发,阐述了自行设计的微机大比例尺地图机助制图系统Auto G&M System的设计思想,并对其中的关键部分作了较详细的描述。最后根据当前地理信息系统(GIS)的发展情况,提出了地图机助制图系统的发展模式,促进该系统向标准化及地理信息系统发展。 相似文献
9.
10.
11.
针对确定性地理目标位置不确定性和方向系统划分粒度粗细产生的空间方向关系的不确定性问题,提出了锥形模型空间方向关系的粗集表达模型,然后定义了知识含量的测度(I(Rn))用于度量锥形模型粗集表达的方向分类能力,在近似精度和粗糙度中引入I(Rn)因子,构建了基于知识含量的近似精度和粗糙度,用于确定性地理目标位置不确定性及方向系统划分粒度引起的方向关系不确定性的定量评价。实验表明,基于知识含量的近似精度和粗糙度,是定量评价由于确定性地理目标位置不确定性及方向系统划分粒度引起的方向关系不确定性的理想指标。 相似文献
12.
采用GIS空间信息可视化技术与科学的项目管理理论相结合的研究方法,并应用地理信息可视化技术、WebGIS技术和三层架构技术,针对大型企业级GIS项目管理信息系统建设进行了研究,开发出了基于GIS的项目管理系统。实现了对企业级地理信息等领域的项目信息化整体管理,这些管理包括市场信息管理、合同管理、财务管理、人力资源管理和设备管理等。论文着重分析了位置查询和可视化表达的实现过程,为企业高效管理、正确决策提供了一定支撑。 相似文献
13.
平面随机线元等概率密度误差模型边界包络线 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
线状实体误差模型包络线既是GIS位置不确定性研究的重要内容,又是GIS可视化研究的关键指标.为了充分利用计算机技术求解符合GIS精度要求的误差模型包络线,基于文献[1,2]中探讨过的等概率密度误差模型建模机理和数值算法,研究了平面随机线元等概率密度误差模型边界包络线的确定原理和计算方法,并通过实例辅以可视化分析,验证了原理的正确性和可操作性. 相似文献
14.
首先,借助传统的9交模型确定了矢栅一体化数据模型拓扑关系的定性表达;其次,利用重叠部分的栅格数目占各个目标的比率来确定交叠分量,同时根据栅格的统计量来描述两目标接近程度的邻近分量;最终,将定性的拓扑关系、用以度量化描述的交叠分量及邻近分量以三元组的形式来描述目标间的拓扑关系,从而更加有效地实现了多类型地理目标拓扑关系的度量化描述。 相似文献
15.
16.
Advances in location modeling: GIS linkages and contributions 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
Alan T. Murray 《Journal of Geographical Systems》2010,12(3):335-354
Geographic information systems (GIS) have matured and proven to be an enabling technology, one that is important to many disciplines.
Location analysis is also a field that has matured and continues to evolve. In fact, the combination of GIS and location science
is at the forefront of advances in spatial analysis capabilities, offering substantial potential for continued and sustained
theoretical and empirical evolution. This paper provides an overview of location analysis and discusses GIS. The paper highlights
how GIS has contributed to location science in terms of data input, visualization, problem solution and theoretical advances.
The significance of GIS in this context is that it is far more than a mere spatial data input mechanism, which is a commonly
held misconception within geography, operations research and other allied disciplines. In contrast to other reviews, the focus
in this paper is to highlight the theoretical foundations of location analysis and modeling and how GIS is contributing to
important advancements in this field. An overall contribution of the paper is providing a perspective on spatial analysis
and how associated specialty areas are evolving and thriving, particularly as a component of GIScience. 相似文献
17.
18.
Although visible in research in the 1980s and 1990s, works concerning language-mapping issues are recently rather absent. This is an unfortunate oversight given current GIS capability and its potential to tackle visualization issues that were previously simply acknowledged and accepted. Given that there are no established guidelines for language map construction, this work aims to renew attention to language mapping, beginning with a survey documenting the characteristics of published language maps. The survey components address the problematic aspects described in the literature, such as boundary representation and depicting linguistic diversity, and reveal their usage and frequency. The noted map characteristics include, but are not limited to: publication type, publication year, coverage area, language data or variable used, and symbology details. For consistent classification, we use a language-map symbology classification scheme found in previous research. In general, chorochromatic maps using polygonal map units dominate our survey. We also find further evidence supporting the problems outlined in language mapping literature with the widespread use of solid-line boundaries and depiction of only one language or feature per place. However, we also note some unique strategies used for handling uncertainty and linguistic plurality. Observations of tactics not captured by the existing 20-year-old typology lead us to create an updated language map symbology typology consistent with the trends observed in our survey. Overall, we document language mapping strategies in practice and provide direction for future research by highlighting the pros and cons of current cartographic approaches for depicting language. 相似文献
19.
在GIS应用中,涉及到大量的模型应用,这些模型包括了利用GIS进行空间信息处理的大部分阶段中所用到的模型.模型处理以及分析结果往往是进行下一步应用的基础,因此模型处理结果的误差和不确定性制约了实际的GIS应用.影响空间数据处理模型的误差和不确定性的因素主要包括:定位和特征信息,制图,空间分析,空间数据库以及空间数据处理模型等所具有的误差和不确定性.主要分析了空间数据处理模型误差和不确定性的表达、来源以及分析方法. 相似文献
20.
文中对国内GIS领域研究发展和研究热点进行可视化分析。利用词频统计和共词分析方法,并结合SPSS统计分析工具,以六大测绘期刊2006—2015年学术论文为数据源,分析GIS领域发文规律、高频关键词在时间维度上的分布规律和聚类特点,发现近五年来国内对GIS领域研究在发文数量上呈逐年下降趋势,且近10年间GIS领域主要关注WebGIS相关应用、地理信息服务、地图制图与可视化、数字城市建设及空间关系相关理论技术5个方面的研究,从一定程度上揭示GIS领域的研究热点及发展状况。 相似文献