共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Bernhard Jenny 《制图学和地理信息科学》2021,48(1):78-92
ABSTRACT Line integral convolution is a technique originally developed for visualizing vector fields, such as wind or water directions, that places densely packed lines following the direction of movement. Geisthövel and Hurni adapted line integral convolution to terrain generalization in 2018. Their method successfully removes details and retains sharp mountain ridges; it is particularly suited for creating generalized shaded relief. This paper extends line integral convolution generalization with a series of enhancements to reduce spurious artifacts, accentuate mountain ridges, control the level of detail in mountain slopes, and preserve sharp transitions to flat areas. The enhanced line integral convolution generalization effectively removes excessive terrain details without changing the position of terrain features. Sharp mountain ridgelines are accentuated, and transitions to flat waterbodies and valley bottoms are preserved. Shaded relief imagery derived from generalized elevation models is visually pleasing and resembles manually produced shaded relief. 相似文献
2.
提取山脊线和山谷线的一种新方法 总被引：18，自引：2，他引：18
黄培之 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2001,26(3)
在研究了现有的仅从山脊线和山谷线的几何特性或物理特性的单一方面设计的提取山脊线和山谷线的算法后 ,提出了一种基于地形表面流水分析与等高线几何分析相结合的提取山脊线和山谷线的方法。该方法把等高线几何分析的方法与地形表面流水模拟分析的方法有机地结合起来 ,能够克服各自所具有的弊端。实验结果表明 ,用本文方法所提取的山脊线和山谷线与实际地形相符合。 相似文献
3.
As an important method of terrain representation, a DEM usually needs to be generalized at multiple resolutions in order to adapt to different applications. The preservation of main landscape features is an important constraint in DEM generalization. The traditional generalization method based on signal processing by resampling or low-pass filtering is just a data compression operation rather than the abstraction of real information. This study develops a structured analysis method to generalize DEM data through the identification of minor valleys and filling the corresponding depression positions. The generalization process has two steps: geographic decision and geometric operation. According to their hydrological significance, the unimportant valley branches are detected and their corresponding coverage is filled by raising the terrain to make the terrain surface smoother. In contrast to the conventional algorithms based on image processing, this method is able to retain the main geographical characteristics more effectively in terrain representation. 相似文献
4.
以距离变换为主要工具,建立了能追踪任意点流水线的数字地表流线模型。利用等高线几何特性分析法和DEM高程信息找出等高线上的山谷点,并以此作为起点进行流水线追踪,同时,用流线与等高线的交点是否符合山谷点的几何特性来决定流线追踪是否结束。这样,将山谷点的水总是顺谷而下的自然物理特性与山谷点所具有的几何特性紧密结合,得到山谷点的流线就是所求的山谷线。实验证明,该方法能有效地解决地形特征线段合理连接的问题,能控制结构线提取的详略程度。 相似文献
5.
目前三维Douglas-Peucker(3D_DP)算法主要应用于单一类型的DEM综合。本文引入"弯曲调节指数"来改进3D_DP算法,提出了一种三维空间河网要素与DEM综合的新方法,即将河网线矢量提取成三维离散点数据集(增加高程属性),与DEM三维离散点数据集合并,在河网层次化选取基础上,利用改进的3D_DP算法对合并数据集进行综合操作。通过试验结果的对比和分析表明,该方法通过弯曲调节指数的调节使河流自身所具有的弯曲形态与地形的主要特征得以同时保留,试验效果良好,实现了三维空间河网要素与DEM数据在同一简化因子作用下的综合,提升了地图综合的质量。 相似文献
6.
none 《The Cartographic journal》2013,50(2):145-156
AbstractIn this paper a new approach for generalization of contours is described. The aim of this approach is to obtain both simplified and smoothed contours lying on a minimum number of characteristic points and inside the error bands. Characteristic points of contours are defined in relation to the skeleton lines of the terrain and determined using the deviation angles at the contour points. Error bands for contours are constructed by means of the steepest slope lines and the mean square planimetric errors at the contour points. The new approach is compared to the Li-Openshaw algorithm according to the experimental testing results. 相似文献
7.
Rendering 2D Lines on 3D Terrain Model with Optimization in Visual Quality and Running Performance 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Jiangfeng She Xin Tan Xingchen Guo Junzhong Tan Jianlong Liu 《Transactions in GIS》2017,21(1):169-185
With the gradual shift from 2D maps to a 3D virtual environment, various visual artifacts were generated by overlaying 2D map symbols on 3D terrain models. This work proposes a novel screen‐based method for rendering 2D vector lines with the accuracy of more than one pixel on the screen in real time. First, screen pixels are inversely projected onto a 3D terrain surface, and then onto the 2D vector plane. Next, these pixels are classified into three categories in terms of their intersection situation with the 2D lines. After that, a multiple sampling process is applied to the pixels that intersect with the 2D lines in order to eliminate visual artifacts, such as intermittence and aliasing (in pixel scale). Finally, a suitable point‐in‐polygon judgment is implemented to color each sample point quickly. The algorithm is realized in a heterogeneously parallel model so that the performance is improved and becomes acceptable. 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
地形简化算法利用少量有效的地形信息表达整体地形,能很好地解决海量地形数据与计算机硬件之间的矛盾,同时满足多尺度地形应用需求。针对现有地形简化算法难以兼顾局部地形起伏与地形整体特征的问题,提出一种基于质心Voronoi图的地形自适应简化算法。首先,利用质心Voronoi图的特点,以地形起伏度作为密度函数生成质心Voronoi图;然后,利用分布在地形起伏较大区域的质心Voronoi图种子点及大多分布在地形特征线上的Voronoi区域顶点重构地形;最后,通过原始地形与重构地形的特征线验证地形简化的效果,并与三维道格拉斯-普克（3D DouglasPeucker,3D DP）算法进行精度对比。实验结果表明,从简化地形中提取的山脊线、山谷线、等高线等地形特征线与原始地形的重叠度均较高,算法能较好地保持地形整体特征;且在相同的简化级别下,算法的简化误差小于3D DP算法,具有较高的地形简化精度。 相似文献
11.
QIAO Chaofei ZHAO Renliang CHEN Jun CHEN Yunhao 《地球空间信息科学学报》2005,8(4):287-290
IntroductionTopographic contour lines play an i mportantrole in the process of humans analyzing land-form. Particularly ,the spatial relations of con-tours are usually analyzed andinterpreted by hu-mans to recognize topographic features .In orderto model and represent the relationships betweencontour lines ,in 1963 Boyell and Reston pro-posed a contour tree generated by mapping con-tour lines as edges and interstitial spaces asnodes[1 ,2].There has been a great deal of previous workrepresenti… 相似文献
12.
基于Voronoi内邻近的等高线树生成法 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
针对等高线树现有几何计算生成法和区域扩张生成法在判断包含关系方面存在的不足,提出了利用Voronoi内邻集来判断父等高线与子等高线之间“一对多”的直接包含关系,发展了一种基于Voronoi内邻近的等高线树生成方法。 相似文献
13.
A contour tree is a good graphical tool for representing the spatial relations of contour lines and has many applications in map generalization, map annotation, terrain analysis, etc. A new method for generating contour trees by introducing a Voronoi-based interior adjacency concept is proposed in this paper. The immediate interior adjacency set is employed to identify all of the children contours of each contour without contour elevations. It has advantages over existing methods such as the geometric method and the region growing-based method. 相似文献
14.
一种基于谷地填充的DEM综合方法 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
提出一种基于次要谷地特征识别与填充的结构化DEM综合方法,该方法将地理层次的综合决策与几何层次综合操作整合到一起,以水文重要性作为谷地取舍的依据,对被舍弃的次要谷地填充其覆盖区域使局部地形变得平滑,从而实现DEM综合.该方法的原理基于如下考虑:地貌形态是内力和外力作用共同影响的结果,内力地质构造形成主要形态,外力侵蚀作用形成次要形态.旨在获得地貌主体特征简化表达的DEM综合可看做是一个弃除外力作用、还原内力作用的过程.通过实验及与其他基于图像处理算法(如重采样、低通滤波)的比较,发现本方法能够较好地保持地形特征的主体结构. 相似文献
15.
地图综合中,建筑物群的排列结构是需要重点考虑的因素。当不同排列的子建筑物群之间存在空间图形冲突时,这些建筑物群的综合就显得更为复杂。直线排列建筑物群的综合在大比例尺地形图上以典型化操作为主。本文提出一种相互之间存在潜在空间图形冲突的多个直线排列建筑物子群的渐进式典型化方法,渐进式地处理多个直线排列建筑物子群之间的空间图形冲突,保留建筑物群重要的直线排列结构;以建筑物表达的视觉图形约束为限制条件,自动确定典型化后的建筑物位置、形状、大小和方位。本文还研究了基于建筑物群空间邻近图的直线排列建筑物子群的自动识别方法,分析了这些直线排列之间的邻近关系和相交关系。最后,以1：5000地图上的建筑物群综合为1：25 000为试验对象,验证了所提出算法的可用性和有效性。 相似文献
16.
A review of Soviet research describes methods of combining remote sensing and geodetic data in cartometric data bases—for the purposes of compiling more detailed and accurate “three-dimensional” terrain maps. The major objective is to provide, by means of photogrammetric techniques employing stereopairs or series of overlapping images, elevational data on selective key geomorphological points (along structure lines, summits of ridges, valley bottoms, etc.) which can be used to supplement (or replace) data obtained for the control points of a rectangular grid. Creation of digital models from these “geomorphological” points provides more accurate three-dimensional terrain maps. Translated from: Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta, geografiya, 1986, No. 6, pp. 56-64. 相似文献
17.
3维景观模型越来越广泛地应用于城市建设和管理之中,如何高效快速地构建城市3维景观模型成为一个关键技术问题。地形与地物分层建模法是城市3维景观模型重建领域中的一个热门方法,它采用地形数据叠加建筑物实体来构建3维景观。该方法已成功应用于惠州市3维建模,实践证明该方法建模速度快、操作简单、具有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
18.
《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(2):161-164
Fragmentary river segments have to be reconnected before addressing various routing and tracking problems. Elevation determines drainage directions, so the partial heights available through LiDAR may provide useful hints on how the segments should be joined. However, it is not trivial how this information can be applied. This paper bridges this gap by proposing the induced structure approach, which first approximates a terrain compatible with those observations, and then derives a river network from that induced terrain. Since the network is derived from an induced terrain that honors the partial observations, we expect that the derived river network will enforce most restrictions imposed by the partial observations. This paper also provides specifics on the implementation. In the first step regarding terrain reconstruction, we find that the optimal scheme depends on the height sample distribution. If the samples are sparsely yet evenly distributed, natural neighbor interpolation with stream burning (NN-SB) is the most cost-effective. If the samples are offered only at the given river locations, the hydrology-aware version of Over determined Palladian Partial Differential Equation (HA-ODETLAP) should be used instead. In the second step concerning river derivation, we find it necessary to favor those given river locations. Otherwise they will be missed out. We set their respective initial water amounts to the critical accumulation level to ensure a river flows across them. In the subsequent branch thinning process, those locations are protected from being trimmed. We foresee applications of our solution framework in a few 2D and 3D network tracing problems with similar observation distribution, like dendrite network reconstruction. 相似文献
19.
为在DEM简化过程中充分保留地形骨架信息,提出一种基于ANUDEM与山脊抬升的DEM简化方法。利用ANUDEM插值法获得顾及水文要素的DEM简化表面,并对简化DEM实施山脊抬升,从而得到顾及地形骨架的简化表面。实验表明,在简化DEM中实施山脊抬升能够更大程度地增强简化表面山体结构的保留程度,且随着地形简化程度的降低,山脊抬升法的作用也逐渐增大。 相似文献
20.
《The Cartographic journal》2013,50(3):240-246
AbstractThe use of computer-generated perspective views, often named as three-dimensional (3D) maps, is growing. These terrain visualisations should be more understandable for users without cartographic education, which are not familiar with contour lines. Within the study, two eye-tracking experiments and online questionnaire were used for investigating the difference between user cognition of classical two-dimensional (2D) visualisation with contour lines and perspective 3D view. Questionnaire was focused on maps understandability, suitability and aesthetics. Results of the questionnaire shows, that the majority of participants prefer 3D visualisation. First eye-tracking experiment was designed as a pair of maps in one stimulus. One shows 2D visualisation, the other 3D visualisation. No significant differences between user preferences of 2D and 3D visualisation were found, but the results were influenced with the order of the maps in the stimuli. Because of that another experiment was designed. In this case stimuli contained only one of two possible visualisations (2D and 3D). ScanPath comparison of this experiment results confirmed that users have different strategies for cognition of 2D and 3D visualisation, although statistically significant difference between both types of visualisation was found in the ScanPath length metric only. 相似文献