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1.
冀东华尖金矿床流体包裹体特征与成矿作用研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
华尖金矿床是冀东地区典型的石英脉型金矿床之一,金主要产在多金属硫化物石英脉中。流体包裹体研究表明,该金矿床各成矿阶段矿石中的流体包裹体主要有3种类型:H2O-CO2包裹体、H2O溶液包裹体和含子晶多相包裹体。成矿早期的流体为H2O-CO2-NaCl体系,均一温度为320℃左右;主成矿阶段的流体为H2O-NaCl体系,均一温度为280℃左右,不混溶作用以及控矿构造由挤压向拉张的转换是金沉淀的主要原因。氢、氧同位素研究表明,华尖金矿床主成矿期流体既有岩浆水又有大气降水参与,成矿晚期流体是以大气降水为主的混合流体。硫、铅同位素示踪表明,该矿床内的金主要来自在深部重熔的太古宙变质岩,成矿物质直接来源为牛心山花岗岩,间接来源于太古宙遵化群变质岩系,成矿过程与下地壳或上地幔物质的演化和改造有关。华尖金矿床的形成与燕山陆内造山作用的伸展期构造及侵入作用有关,岩浆活动带来了稳定的热源和大量的含金流体,随着成矿流体物理化学性质的改变,含金硫化物在张性构造部位沉淀成矿。 相似文献
2.
胶东胡八庄金矿成矿流体、稳定同位素及成矿时代研究 总被引：8，自引：4，他引：4
胡八庄金矿是胶东牟平-乳山金成矿带内典型的黄铁矿、多金属硫化物-石英脉型金矿,金主要产出于黄铁矿和多金属硫化物石英脉中。流体包裹体研究表明,不同蚀变带岩石和各成矿阶段金矿石中的流体包裹体主要有三种类型:富CO2包裹体、CO2-H2O包裹体和H2O溶液包裹体。成矿早期(第Ⅰ阶段)主要为富CO2包裹体,主成矿期(第Ⅱ阶段)CO2-H2O包裹体和H2O溶液包裹体,成矿后期(第Ⅲ阶段)H2O溶液包裹体。包裹体显微测温结果表明,成矿早期(第Ⅰ阶段)包裹体均一温度范围为260~360℃,盐度1.0%~7.4% NaCleqv;主成矿期(第Ⅱ阶段)包裹体均一温度范围为180~269℃,盐度1.7%~13.1% NaCleqv;成矿后期(第Ⅲ阶段)包裹体均一温度范围为104~189℃,盐度0.9%~8.8% NaCleqv。成矿早期为中-高温、富含挥发份、低盐度的流体,到主成矿期演化为中低温、含少量挥发份、盐度变化范围大的CO2-H2O-NaCl流体体系,成矿后期流体的温度、盐度和挥发份含量均降低。对各成矿阶段石英的H-O同位素研究表明,胡八庄金矿成矿早期既有岩浆水又有大气降水参与,大气降水较少地参与了成矿,到了主成矿期成矿流体为以大气降水为主的混合流体。成矿阶段S同位素研究表明胡八庄金矿成矿物质可能主要来源于大气降水循环淋滤的围岩。温度降低和流体不混溶可能是胡八庄金矿金沉淀的主要原因。蚀变岩石中绢云母Rb-Sr等时线获得的胡八庄金矿的成矿时代为126.5±5.6Ma。 相似文献
3.
吉林省海沟石英脉型金矿床流体包裹体特征及地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
海沟金矿床地处夹皮沟-海沟成矿带东南端,为典型的石英脉型金矿。该矿床产于海西期花岗杂岩体中,由多条含金石英脉组成。成矿过程可分为4个阶段:Ⅰ. 钾长石-石英脉阶段;II. 乳白色石英-(少)黄铁矿-(少)金阶段;III. 多金属硫化物-石英-金阶段;IV. 碳酸盐-石英-黄铁矿阶段。流体包裹体研究表明,海沟金矿各阶段流体包裹体存在一定差异,早期成矿阶段(第Ⅱ阶段)以H2O-NaCl包裹体(Ⅰ类)为主,偶见含子晶包裹体(Ⅳ类);主成矿阶段(第Ⅲ阶段)以CO2-H2O-NaCl包裹体(II类)为主,并含有少量纯CO2包裹体(III类);成矿后阶段(第Ⅳ阶段)以H2O-NaCl包裹体(Ⅰ类)为主。早期成矿阶段、主成矿阶段、成矿后阶段均一温度范围分别为227~497℃、189~427℃、130~267℃,对应盐度分别为0.53%~10.23% NaCleqv、0.35%~9.23% NaCleqv、0.18%~3.27% NaCleqv。早期成矿阶段和主成矿阶段包裹体均一温度、盐度相对较高,成矿后阶段包裹体均一温度、盐度明显降低;在空间上,主成矿阶段矿床深部包裹体的盐度较矿床浅部偏高。拉曼和气相色谱结果显示,包裹体气相成分以H2O、CO2、N2、CH4、C2H6为主,并含有少量H2S,成矿流体为低盐度的H2O-CO2-NaCl±CH4流体;包裹体液相离子成分主要为Na+、K+、Ca2+、Cl-,个别包裹体中含有少量Mg2+、F-离子。主成矿阶段不同类型、不同相比包裹体均一温度相近,显示不混溶特征。流体减压引起的不混溶作用可能是海沟金矿金沉淀的主要原因。 相似文献
4.
江西黄沙石英脉型钨矿床流体包裹体研究 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
黄沙钨矿床是赣南地区一大型石英脉型钨多金属矿床。本文采用"流体包裹体组合"的研究方法,对黄沙钨矿床主成矿阶段早期的黑钨矿-石英脉和晚期的硫化物-(黑钨矿)-石英脉石英中的流体包裹体进行了显微测温和拉曼探针的分析。研究表明,黑钨矿-石英脉中包裹体主要为水溶液包裹体和含CO2水溶液包裹体,硫化物-(黑钨矿)-石英脉中主要发育水溶液包裹体。黑钨矿-石英脉中包裹体的均一温度明显高于硫化物-(黑钨矿)-石英脉中的包裹体,但两者水溶液包裹体的盐度相差不大。激光拉曼探针测试表明,两期矿脉中水溶液包裹体的组分主要为水,在黑钨矿-石英脉中的含CO2水溶液包裹体,除CO2外,还检测到CH4和N2组分。研究表明,以CO2逸失为特征的流体不混溶作用是早期黑钨矿-石英脉含矿流体中的金属络合物分解并沉淀成矿的主要机制,晚期硫化物-(黑钨矿)-石英脉中矿质的沉淀则主要是流体的混合作用导致。 相似文献
5.
西秦岭铧厂沟金矿床流体包裹体特征研究及矿床成因 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
铧厂沟金矿位于西秦岭勉略缝合带南侧,其产出受韧脆性剪切带控制,赋矿围岩为泥盆系细碧岩、凝灰质绢云千枚岩和灰岩。根据脉体穿切关系和矿物交代关系,可以将铧厂沟金矿分为早、中、晚3个成矿阶段。在铧厂沟金矿的石英中发育了CO2-H2O型、纯CO2型、H2O溶液型和含子矿物型四种类型流体包裹体。早期石英中原生包裹体主要是CO2-H2O型和纯CO2型,其成分为CO2+H2O±N2±CH4±H2S,均一温度集中在320~360℃,盐度为0.43%~5.14% NaCleqv;中阶段为主成矿阶段,该阶段石英中包含了所有四种类型的包裹体,其中H2O溶液型包裹体占了大多数,CO2-H2O和水溶液包裹体均一温度集中在240~320℃,盐度为0.43%~11.19% NaCleqv;晚阶段石英仅发育水溶液型包裹体,具有较低的均一温度(118~228℃)和盐度(0.18%~6.59% NaCleqv)。根据CO2-H2O型包裹体计算主成矿阶段压力为70~195MPa,成矿深度为5~7km。总体而言,铧厂沟金矿的初始流体具有中高温、富CO2、低盐度的变质流体特征,晚成矿阶段流体演化为低温、低盐度水溶液流体,流体的不混溶导致了主成矿期的矿质的大量沉淀,铧厂金矿为中浅成的造山型矿床。 相似文献
6.
小秦岭东桐峪金矿床的流体包裹体研究 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
东桐峪金矿床位于小秦岭金矿田的中西部,其含金石英脉受韧性剪切构造带的控制。该矿床的构造-成矿过程可划分为4个阶段:Ⅰ黄铁矿-乳白色石英脉阶段;Ⅱ灰白色石英-黄铁矿阶段;Ⅲ石英-多金属硫化物阶段;Ⅳ石英-碳酸盐阶段。相对于小秦岭地区的其他金矿床,东桐峪金矿床的流体包裹体研究资料相对缺乏。文章表明,该矿床内的流体包裹体类型主要为CO2-H2O包裹体和水溶液包裹体,见少量纯液相CO2包裹体。显微测温表明,Ⅰ阶段的构造-成矿流体以中温、富CO2等挥发分为特征,包裹体均一温度为221~392℃,盐度w(NaCleq)为5.5%~7.9%,密度为0.84~0.93 g/cm3;Ⅱ阶段和Ⅲ阶段以CO2-H2O±CH4流体为主,包裹体均一温度为205~350℃(Ⅱ阶段)和224~271℃(Ⅲ阶段),盐度w(NaCleq)集中于5.1%~7.1%,密度为0.83~0.96 g/cm3;Ⅳ阶段的流体演化为中-低温、低盐度的盐水溶液体系,包裹体均一温度为175~185℃。文章对该矿床各成矿阶段的压力进行了估算,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ阶段的流体最小捕获压力分别为123~160 MPa、160~170 MPa、170 MPa左右。 相似文献
7.
钱台子金矿床是一个产于皖东蚌埠隆起区东端的石英脉型小型矿床,矿体主要赋存于变质结晶基底五河岩群中,受张扭性断裂控制。本文通过对不同阶段石英进行系统的包裹体岩相学观察、显微测温、激光拉曼探针及氢氧同位素分析,探讨了该矿床的流体来源及矿床成因。结果表明,钱台子金矿床流体包裹体有纯CO2型、CO2—H2O型和H2O—NaCl型3种,包裹体均一温度集中在286~385℃,w(NaCl, eqv)=4.80%~12.56%,平均8.29%;不同阶段石英的δ18OV-SMOW变化范围为9.0×10-3~15.2×10-3,对应的δ18O水变化范围为2.12×10-3~9.70×10-3;各成矿期流体密度集中于0.63~0.84 g/cm3之间,均一压力为163~178 MPa,成矿深度＜6 km;成矿早期流体属于中高温、低盐度、低密度的CO2—H2O—NaCl变质流体,后期有岩浆水参与。钱台子金矿床形成于扬子克拉通沿NW方向俯冲于华北克拉通之下的造山期后持续伸展背景下的拆沉作用和壳幔相互作用所导致的大规模岩浆活动。 相似文献
8.
贵州太平洞金矿床流体包裹体特征及流体不混溶机制 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
太平洞金矿床是兴仁-安龙金矿带灰家堡金矿区的重要卡林型金矿之一。流体包裹体研究证明,石英-黄铁矿阶段(Ⅰ)、石英-黄铁矿-毒砂阶段(Ⅱ)、石英-方解石-雄黄阶段(Ⅲ)的包裹体类型丰富,以气液水两相包裹体、CO2-H2O包裹体和纯液相水包裹体为主,CO2两相包裹体、纯气相有机质包裹体和有机质-H2O包裹体次之,偶见气液有机质包裹体。由Ⅰ→Ⅱ→Ⅲ阶段,气液水包裹体均一温度(200～260℃→180～240℃→100～160℃)呈现逐渐降低的趋势。在Ⅰ阶段的石英中,只在局部偶见到CO2-H2O包裹体和气液两相水包裹体共生;在Ⅱ阶段的石英中,纯液相水包裹体、气液两相盐水包裹体、CO2-H2O包裹体、CO2包裹体及纯气相有机质包裹体共存,它们共生在同一平面中且气液两相盐水包裹体和CO2-H2O包裹体测温数据相差不大,说明当时捕获的是不均匀成矿流体,它是由含有机质的成矿流体经历了CO2-低盐度水的不混溶作用形成的。因而认为,太平洞金矿床中成矿早期流体不混溶作用不明显,主成矿阶段流体的不混溶作用是导致金矿质沉淀的重要原因。 相似文献
9.
山东金翅岭金矿成矿流体特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
[摘 要]通过流体包裹体岩相学、显微测温学和包裹体稀土元素等的分析,研究山东金翅岭金矿床成矿流体性质和演化,研究结果表明:流体包裹体主要为气液两相包裹体,另有少量液相包裹体。包裹体气相成分主要以H2O、CO2为主。液相成分属Na+-K+-Ca2+-Mg2+-Cl--SO2-4体系,成矿流体为岩浆热液夹有变质水和大气降水的混合流体。流体包裹体的均一温度介于140～350℃,金的主成矿期为第域和第芋阶段,成矿温度范围为290℃～185℃,流体盐度介于7.3%～8.9%,为中-低温、低盐度的成矿流体。石英、黄铁矿包裹体稀土元素特征研究表明:轻稀土富集,重稀土亏损,具有中等负铕异常,标准化曲线为略右倾曲线。 相似文献
10.
新疆望峰金矿床流体包裹体地球化学及矿床成因类型 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
西天山东缘的望峰金矿床受胜利达坂韧性剪切带的控制,成矿过程包括早、中、晚3个阶段,自然金和矿石矿物主要形成于中阶段。岩相学、显微测温及单个包裹体成分激光拉曼光谱研究表明,望峰金矿床石英中的流体包裹体有CO2-H2O型、纯CO2型、NaCl-H2O溶液型和含子晶多相等4种类型。早阶段石英中原生包裹体主要是CO2-H2O型,其盐度1.62%~8.03% NaCl eqv.,流体密度0.73~0.89g/cm3,均一温度为250~390℃,气相成分为CO2。中阶段石英中的原生包裹体包括了所有4种类型,其CO2-H2O型和NaCl-H2O溶液型包裹体的均一温度分别为210~340℃和230~300℃,显示了流体沸腾现象的存在。CO2-H2O型包裹体的盐度0.83%~9.59% NaCl eqv.,密度0.77~0.95g/cm3,气相成分为CO2±CH4±N2。晚阶段石英只发育水溶液包裹体,具有较低的盐度（0.35%~3.87% NaCl eqv.）和均一温度（120~214℃）。根据CO2-H2O型包裹体估算早、中阶段流体包裹体捕获压力分别为110~300PMa和90~250MPa,成矿深度为9~11km。总体而言,望峰金矿床由低盐度、低密度、富CO2的变质流体系统形成,流体减压沸腾导致矿质沉淀,属于中深带的造山型金矿系统。 相似文献
11.
黑牛洞铜矿床经历了早期韧性变形-变质作用和成矿期的韧-脆性变形作用。早期韧性变形-变质作用过程中围岩可能分异出含CO2流体,并形成顺片理发育的磁黄铁矿、黄铜矿等矿化。成矿期为伴随江浪穹窿隆升的韧-脆性变形期,含矿石英脉中流体包裹体主要以富液相流体包裹体为主,次为纯气相流体包裹体。流体包裹体成分测试结果显示,富液相流体包裹体主要成分为水,含少量CO2和甲烷等烃类碳质流体;纯气相流体包裹体主要为甲烷,表明成矿流体为富水含炭质流体。流体包裹体氢、氧同位素测试结果表明,黑牛洞矿床含矿流体中的水主要来源于围岩中的变质水。燕山期花岗岩侵位,江浪穹窿隆升,韧-脆性变形形成系列滑脱断层。在此减压、降温过程中,成矿流体被活化并聚集、填充到滑脱断层内。 相似文献
12.
F. Masoudi B. Mehrabi M. Rezai Aghdam B. W. D. Yardley 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2009,73(3):407-418
In the Sanandaj-Sirjan zone of metamorphic belt of Iran, the area south of Hamadan city comprises of metamorphic rocks, granitic
batholith with pegmatites and quartz veins. Alvand batholith is emplaced into metasediments of early Mesozoic age. Fluid inclusions
have been studied using microthermometry to evaluate the source of fluids from which quartz veins and pegmatites formed to
investigate the possible relation between host rocks of pegmatites and the fluid inclusion types. Host minerals of fluid inclusions
in pegmatites are quartz, andalusite and tourmaline. Fluid inclusions can be classified into four types. Type 1 inclusions
are high salinity aqueous fluids (NaCleq >12 wt%). Type 2 inclusions are low to moderate salinity (NaCleq <12 wt%) aqueous fluids. Type 3 and 4 inclusions are carbonic and mixed CO2-H2O fluid inclusions. The distribution of fluid inclusions indicate that type 1 and type 2 inclusions are present in the pegmatites
and quartz veins respectively in the Alvand batholith. This would imply that aqueous magmatic fluids with no detectable CO2 were present during the crystallization of these pegmatites and quartz veins. Types 3 and 4 inclusions are common in quartz
veins and pegmatites in metamorphic rocks and are more abundant in the hornfelses. The distribution of the different types
of fluid inclusions suggests that CO2 fluids generated during metamorphism and metamorphic fluids might also contribute to the formation of quartz veins and pegmatites
in metamorphic terrains. 相似文献
13.
Located along the southern part of the Yarlung Zangbo suture zone in southern Tibet, Bangbu is one of the largest gold deposits in Tibet. Auriferous sulfide-bearing quartz veins are controlled by second- or third-order brittle fractures associated with the regional Qusong–Cuogu–Zhemulang brittle-ductile shear zone. Fluid inclusion studies show that the auriferous quartz contains aqueous inclusions, two-phase and three-phase CO2-bearing inclusions, and pure gaseous hydrocarbon inclusions. The CO2-bearing inclusions have salinities of 2.2–9.5% NaCleq, and homogenization temperatures (Th) of 167–336 °C. The δD, δ18O, and δ13C compositions of the Bangbu ore-forming fluids are − 105.5 to − 44.4‰, 4.7 to 9.0‰ and − 5.1 to − 2.2‰, respectively, indicating that the ore-forming fluid is mainly of metamorphic origin, with also a mantle-derived contribution. The 3He/4He ratio of the ore-forming fluids is 0.174 to 1.010 Ra, and 40Ar/36Ar ranges from 311.9 to 1724.9. Calculations indicate that the percentage of mantle-derived He in fluid inclusions from Bangbu is 2.7–16.7%. These geochemical features are similar to those of most orogenic gold deposits. Dating by 40Ar/39Ar of hydrothermal sericite collected from auriferous quartz veins at Bangbu yielded a plateau age of 44.8 ± 1.0 Ma, with normal and inverse isochronal ages of 43.6 ± 3.2 Ma and 44 ± 3 Ma, respectively. This indicates that the gold mineralization was contemporaneous with the main collisional stage between India and Eurasia along the Yarlung Zangbo suture, which resulted in the development of near-vertical lithospheric shear zones. A deep metamorphic fluid was channeled upward along the shear zone, mixing with a mantle fluid. The mixed fluids migrated into the brittle structures along the shear zone and precipitated gold, sulfides, and quartz because of declining temperature and pressure or fluid immiscibility. The Bangbu is a large-scale Cenozoic syn-collisional orogenic gold deposit 相似文献
14.
N.A. Gibsher A.A. Tomilenko A.M. Sazonov T.A. Bul’bak M.O. Khomenko M.A. Ryabukha E.O. Shaparenko S.A. Sil’yanov N.A. Nekrasova 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2018,59(8):983-996
The Eldorado low-sulfide gold-quartz deposit, with gold reserves of more than 60 tons, is located in the damage zone of the Ishimba Fault in the Yenisei Ridge and is hosted by Riphean epidote-amphibolite metamorphic rocks (Sukhoi Pit Group). Orebodies occur in four roughly parallel heavily fractured zones where rocks were subject to metamorphism under stress and heat impacts. They consist of sulfide-bearing schists with veins of gray or milky-white quartz varieties. Gray quartz predominating in gold-bearing orebodies contains graphite and amorphous carbon identified by Raman spectroscopy; the contents of gold and amorphous carbon are in positive correlation. As inferred from thermobarometry, gas chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and Raman spectroscopy of fluid inclusions in sulfides, carbonates, and gray and white quartz, gold mineralization formed under the effect of reduced H2O-CO2-HC fluids with temperatures of 180 to 490 °C, salinity of 9 to 22 wt.% NaCl equiv, and pressures of 0.1 to 2.3 kbar. Judging by the presence of 11% mantle helium (3He) in fluid inclusions from quartz and the sulfur isotope composition (7.1-17.4‰ δ34S) of sulfides, ore-bearing fluids ascended from a mantle source along shear zones, where they “boiled”. While the fluids were ascending, the metalliferous S- and N-bearing hydrocarbon (HC) compounds they carried broke down to produce crystalline sulfides, gold, and disseminated graphite and amorphous carbon (the latter imparts the gray color to quartz). Barren veins of milky-white quartz formed from oxidized mainly aqueous fluids with a salinity of < 15 wt.% NaCl equiv at 150-350 °C. Chloride brines (> 30 wt.% NaCl equiv) at 150-260 °C impregnated the gold-bearing quartz veins and produced the lower strata of the hydrothermal-granitoid section. The gold mineralization (795-710 Ma) was roughly coeval to local high-temperature stress metamorphism (836-745 Ma) and intrusion of the Kalama multiphase complex (880-752 Ma). 相似文献
15.
16.
《China Geology》2023,6(2):252-268
The Liwu stratiform copper deposit is located in the northwestern Jianglang dome, western China. Current studies mainly focus on the genetic type and mineralization of this deposit. Detailed fluid inclusion characteristics of metallogenic period quartz veins were studied to reveal the ore-forming fluid features. Laser Raman analysis indicates that the ore-forming fluids is a H2O-NaCl-CH4 (-CO2) system. Fluid inclusions microthermometry shows a homogenization temperature of 181–375°C and a salinity of 5.26%–16.99% for the disseminated-banded Cu-Zn mineralization; but a homogenization temperature of 142–343°C and a salinity of 5.41%–21.19% for the massive-veined Cu-Zn mineralization. These features suggest a medium-high temperature and a medium salinity for the ore-forming fluids. H-O isotopic data indicates that the ore-forming fluids were mainly from the metamorphic and magmatic water, plus minor formation water. And sulfur isotopic data indicates that sulfur was mainly derived from the formation and magmatic rocks. Metallogenesis of the disseminated-banded mineralization was mainly correlated with fluid mixing and water-rock reaction; whereas that of the massive-veined mineralization was mainly correlated with fluid boiling. The genetic type of the deposit is a medium-high temperature hydrothermal deposit related to magmatism and controlled by shear zones. This study is beneficial to understand the stratiform copper deposit.©2023 China Geology Editorial Office. 相似文献
17.
Genesis of the Bangbu Orogenic Gold Deposit,Tibet: Evidence from Fluid Inclusion,Stable Isotopes,and Ar-Ar Geochronology 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
PEI Yingru SUN Qingzhong ZHENG Yuanchuan YANG Zhusen LI Wei HUANG Kexian 《《地质学报》英文版》2016,90(2):722-737
The Bangbu gold deposit is a large orogenic gold deposit in Tibet formed during the AlpineHimalayan collision. Ore bodies(auriferous quartz veins) are controlled by the E-W-trending Qusong-Cuogu-Zhemulang brittle-ductile shear zone. Quartz veins at the deposit can be divided into three types: pre-metallogenic hook-like quartz veins, metallogenic auriferous quartz veins, and postmetallogenic N-S quartz veins. Four stages of mineralization in the auriferous quartz veins have been identified:(1) Stage S1 quartz+coarse-grained sulfides,(2) Stage S2 gold+fine-grained sulfides,(3) Stage S3 quartz+carbonates, and(4) Stage S4 quartz+ greigite. Fluid inclusions indicate the oreforming fluid was CO_2-N_2-CH_4 rich with homogenization temperatures of 170–261°C, salinities 4.34–7.45 wt% Na Cl equivalent. δ~(18)Ofluid(3.98‰–7.18‰) and low δDV-SMOW(-90‰ to-44‰) for auriferous quartz veins suggest ore-forming fluids were mainly metamorphic in origin, with some addition of organic matter. Quartz vein pyrite has δ~(34)SV-CDT values of 1.2‰–3.6‰(an average of 2.2‰), whereas pyrite from phyllite has δ~(34)SV-CDT 5.7‰–9.9‰(an average of 7.4‰). Quartz vein pyrites yield 206Pb/204 Pb ratios of 18.662–18.764, 207Pb/204 Pb 15.650–15.683, and ~(208)Pb/204 Pb 38.901–39.079. These isotopic data indicate Bangbu ore-forming materials were probably derived from the Langjiexue accretionary wedge. 40Ar/39 Ar ages for sericite from auriferous sulfide-quartz veins yield a plateau age of 49.52 ± 0.52 Ma, an isochron age of 50.3 ± 0.31 Ma, suggesting that auriferous veins were formed during the main collisional period of the Tibet-Himalayan orogen(~65–41 Ma). 相似文献
18.
I. Kenis Ph. Muchez G. Verhaert A. Boyce M. Sintubin 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2005,150(1):102-118
Fluid inclusions in quartz veins of the High-Ardenne slate belt have preserved remnants of prograde and retrograde metamorphic
fluids. These fluids were examined by petrography, microthermometry and Raman analysis to define the chemical and spatial
evolution of the fluids that circulated through the metamorphic area of the High-Ardenne slate belt. The earliest fluid type
was a mixed aqueous/gaseous fluid (H2O–NaCl–CO2–(CH4–N2)) occurring in growth zones and as isolated fluid inclusions in both the epizonal and anchizonal part of the metamorphic
area. In the central part of the metamorphic area (epizone), in addition to this mixed aqueous/gaseous fluid, primary and
isolated fluid inclusions are also filled with a purely gaseous fluid (CO2–N2–CH4). During the Variscan orogeny, the chemical composition of gaseous fluids circulating through the Lower Devonian rocks in
the epizonal part of the slate belt, evolved from an earlier CO2–CH4–N2 composition to a later composition enriched in N2. Finally, a late, Variscan aqueous fluid system with a H2O–NaCl composition migrated through the Lower Devonian rocks. This latest type of fluid can be observed in and outside the
epizonal metamorphic part of the High-Ardenne slate belt. The chemical composition of the fluids throughout the metamorphic
area, shows a direct correlation with the metamorphic grade of the host rock. In general, the proportion of non-polar species
(i.e. CO2, CH4, N2) with respect to water and the proportion of non-polar species other than CO2 increase with increasing metamorphic grade within the slate belt. In addition to this spatial evolution of the fluids, the
temporal evolution of the gaseous fluids is indicative for a gradual maturation due to metamorphism in the central part of
the basin. In addition to the maturity of the metamorphic fluids, the salinity of the aqueous fluids also shows a link with
the metamorphic grade of the host-rock. For the earliest and latest fluid inclusions in the anchizonal part of the High-Ardenne
slate belt the salinity varies respectively between 0 and 3.5 eq.wt% NaCl and between 0 and 2.7 eq.wt% NaCl, while in the
epizonal part the salinity varies between 0.6 and 17 eq.wt% NaCl and between 3 and 10.6 eq.wt% for the earliest and latest
aqueous fluid inclusions, respectively. Although high salinity fluids are often attributed to the original sedimentary setting,
the increasing salinity of the fluids that circulated through the Lower Devonian rocks in the High-Ardenne slate belt can
be directly attributed to regional metamorphism. More specifically the salinity of the primary fluid inclusions is related
to hydrolysis reactions of Cl-bearing minerals during prograde metamorphism, while the salinity of the secondary fluid inclusions
is rather related to hydration reactions during retrograde metamorphism. The temporal and spatial distribution of the fluids
in the High-Ardenne slate belt are indicative for a closed fluid flow system present in the Lower Devonian rocks during burial
and Variscan deformation, where fluids were in thermal and chemical equilibrium with the host rock. Such a closed fluid flow
system is confirmed by stable isotope study of the veins and their adjacent host rock for which uniform δ180 values of both the veins and their host rock demonstrate a rock-buffered fluid flow system. 相似文献
19.
The Central Iberian Zone of Spain and Portugal contains numerous gold deposits of varying size, age and host lithology. Previous
work concentrated on single deposits leading to a need to apply a range of techniques to the region as a whole, to form a
model for metallogenesis throughout the region. With this aim, a number of occurrences of gold mineralisation in the south-western
Central Iberian Zone were studied. The Central Iberian Zone consists essentially of greenschist facies metasedimentary units
intruded by Hercynian granitoids. Hercynian deformation occurred in three main stages, the earliest (D1) being the most intense.
Quartz veining is common throughout the region, and a vein chronology was established relative to these deformation events.
V1 veins are pre-Hercynian, and may predate the Precambrian Sardic deformation. V2 veins are syndeformational (D1), and associated
with peak greenschist metamorphism. V3 veins are late-kinematic, syn- to post-D2. V4 veins are syn- to post-D3, occurring
in the final stages of the Hercynian, and often associated with or post-dating granites. Reactivation of vein sets by later
fluids was common. Fluid chemistry studies of samples of known chronology indicate three main sources of fluid. The dominant
fluid throughout the region from V2 to V4 is a dilute aqueo-carbonic fluid of varying composition. The combination of fluid
inclusion analyses and geochemical studies of wallrock alteration indicates that the fluid was the result of devolatilisation
and dehydration during prograde metamorphism at varying depths. The resulting aqueo-carbonic fluids flowed upwards, mixing
with each other and with meteoric waters. Contact metamorphism associated with granite intrusions during the D3 deformation
released further aqueo-carbonic fluids, which in some cases unmixed to form separate carbonic and aqueous inclusions. Circulation
of meteoric waters was important during later stages (D3). Prolonged low temperature fluid-rock interaction produced highly
saline aqueous fluids which post-date all major quartz veining. No single set of characteristics exists for gold mineralisation
in the Central Iberian Zone. Deposits cover a wide spectrum, but three main types have been identified: (1) early (D1/V2)
syn-peak metamorphic gold-quartz veins, associated with an aqueo-carbonic fluid with high N2 and CH4; (2) late-kinematic (D2/V3) veins, often associated with late brittle faults. Again, the fluid present at the time of formation
was aqueo-carbonic, but with lower N2 and CH4. (3) Late (V4) low temperature veins, formed by a mainly meteoric fluid, which was also responsible for remobilisation and
concentration of gold in earlier deposits. The gold mineralisation in the Central Iberian Zone supports the continuum model
for lode gold deposits. Gold was leached from metasediments during prograde metamorphism, transported to shallower crustal
levels, and deposited wherever suitable traps occurred. Channelling of fluid from deeper levels resulted in the localisation
of deposits close to major shear zones. Depositional sites were usually dilational zones in faults, and more rarely folds,
but locally lithological controls were important. H2O-CO2 unmixing was common, but was not necessarily related to gold deposition.
Received: 19 February 1996 / Accepted: 11 February 1997 相似文献
20.
The Degdekan and Gol’tsovsky gold-quartz deposits are located in the southeastern Yana-Kolyma gold belt. The orebodies occur as quartz veins hosted in metaterrigenous rocks and cut by postmineral basic-intermediate dikes. It was established that metamorphism of sulfides and gangue quartz was restricted to a few centimeters off the dike contact. According to sulfide geothermometers, the metamorphic temperatures close to the contact of dikes attained 700°C at the Degdekan deposit and were no higher than 491°C at the Gol’tsovsky deposit. The formation of the forbidden assemblage of quartz and loellingite and its fine-grained texture indicate that the thermal effect on the Degdekan ore was short-term. The prolonged heating of the ore at the Gol’tsovsky deposit gave rise to the aggradation recrystallization of quartz and the formation of equilibrium sulfide aggregates that show only insignificant differences in composition from the primary phases. The average homogenization temperature of primary and pseudosecondary fluid inclusions is 206 ± 40°C in the unmetamorphosed veins and 257 ± 33°C in the metamorphosed veins. The salinity of fluids in the primary and pseudosecondary inclusions in quartz veins of both types varies from 0.5 to 14.0 wt % NaCl equiv. The melting temperature of liquid CO2 in the carbon dioxide inclusions, ranging from ?57.0 to ?60.8°C, suggests an admixture of CH4 and/or N2. The unmetamorphosed quartz veins were formed at a fluid pressure varying from 0.7 to 1.3 kbar, while quartz veins at the contact with dikes crystallized at a pressure of 0.8–1.5 kbar. The results of gas chromatography showed the presence of CO2 and H2O, as well as N2 and CH4. The average bulk of volatiles contained in the fluid inclusions in quartz from the metamorphosed veins is 1.5–2 times lower than in the unmetamorphosed veins; this proportion is consistent with the occurrence of decrepitated gas inclusions in the heated quartz. 相似文献