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1.
西藏弄如日金矿流体包裹体研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
弄如日金矿床位于青藏高原南部冈底斯-喜马拉雅构造区的冈底斯构造岩浆带东段,是该成矿带上首次发现的浅成低温热液型金锑矿床。本文在详细的野外矿床地质研究基础上,通过对各期与成矿密切相关的流体包裹体岩相学、显微测温分析、包裹体成分的LRM分析和包裹体中子矿物相的SEM/EDS分析等,对与矿化有关的成矿流体的特征、演化以及金的迁移与沉淀机制进行了讨论。通过研究流体成矿过程包括:形成黄铁矿-石英组合的早期阶段,发育以含子矿物的三相包裹体为主,均一温度集中于256~335℃,盐度29.7%~38.9% NaCleqv;形成毒砂-富砷黄铁矿-石英组合的主成矿阶段,发育富CO2包裹体,均一温度集中于230~357℃,盐度1.81%~9.74% NaCleqv,CO2密度为0.16~0.29g·cm-3;形成辉锑矿-石英、雄黄-石英和碳酸岩脉组合的晚期阶段,发育水溶液包裹体,均一温度集中于134~245℃,盐度1.91%~8.95% NaCleqv。与金成矿有关的流体为中温、低盐度的富CO2、CH4、N2、Na+流体体系,成矿流体温度、压力降低造成了流体不混溶,使CO2相与水溶液相分离是造成金沉淀的主要机制。  相似文献   

2.
西藏邦布石英脉型金矿床是产于印度-亚洲板块陆-陆造山主碰撞汇聚环境下、与大洋俯冲无关的新型造山型金矿床。该矿床位于雅鲁藏布江缝合带南侧朗杰学增生楔的东段南缘,矿体受区域内EW向金地-鲁农复向斜和错古-折木朗壳型脆-韧性剪切带及其次级构造的控制。金矿化主要与石英脉密切相关,并包裹于脉内细粒/粗粒硫化物中。矿区内主要分布有3期石英脉:成矿前钩状石英脉、成矿期石英大脉和成矿后陡立状石英脉。文章对3期石英脉流体包裹体形态、形成温度、密度及H-O同位素等方面进行了详细的对比研究,试图查明成矿流体来源以及金的沉淀机制等问题。研究表明,钩状石英脉内包裹体主要为液相(L)包裹体,成分主要为H2O溶液,其流体可能为早期区域变质的产物;石英大脉内包裹体主要为含CO2气液(VL)两相包裹体,体积较大,成分主要为H2O+CO2+CH4±N2,成矿流体为深源变质流体,并与变质地层中的有机质发生强烈反应;陡立状石英脉内包裹体主要为气液两相包裹体,体积较小,其主要成分为H2O+CO2,流体主要与后期区域变质事件有关,为成矿后变质作用的产物。邦布金矿的主要成矿流体源自深部变质流体,流体不混溶作用可能是导致金矿沉淀的主要原因。  相似文献   

3.
小加山钨矿床位于新疆巴里坤地区,属石英脉型钨矿床。矿体赋存于邻近海西晚期花岗岩侵入体附近的中泥盆统大南湖组第一亚组第二段(D2d12)的变晶屑凝灰岩中。黑钨矿石英脉分为灰色含钨石英脉和白色含钨石英脉两种。岩相学观察认为,含矿石英脉中流体包裹体主要为两相水溶液包裹体, EW 走向的灰色石英脉包裹体气液比大, SN 走向的白色石英脉包裹体气液比较小。显微测温结果显示灰色石英脉均一温度(Th)范围为143~354℃,白色石英脉 Th 范围为154~312℃。激光拉曼探针显示小加山钨矿床含黑钨矿石英脉中流体包裹体含有少量 CO2组分。H、O 同位素研究表明：钨矿床成矿流体来源以岩浆水为主。成矿演化过程为：岩浆岩侵入活动→岩浆水运移分离→含钨络合物迁移搬运→冷却富集成矿,成矿晚期流体有大气降水的混合。与赣南钨矿的对比研究表明,小加山钨矿床与赣南钨矿床的成矿流体特征相似;在构造环境上,小加山钨矿床位于东准噶尔造山带和东天山成矿带的交汇复合部位,与位于武夷山和南岭两大成矿带的交汇复合部位的赣南钨矿床成矿环境相似。  相似文献   

4.
吉林省海沟石英脉型金矿床流体包裹体特征及地质意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
海沟金矿床地处夹皮沟-海沟成矿带东南端,为典型的石英脉型金矿。该矿床产于海西期花岗杂岩体中,由多条含金石英脉组成。成矿过程可分为4个阶段:Ⅰ. 钾长石-石英脉阶段;II. 乳白色石英-(少)黄铁矿-(少)金阶段;III. 多金属硫化物-石英-金阶段;IV. 碳酸盐-石英-黄铁矿阶段。流体包裹体研究表明,海沟金矿各阶段流体包裹体存在一定差异,早期成矿阶段(第Ⅱ阶段)以H2O-NaCl包裹体(Ⅰ类)为主,偶见含子晶包裹体(Ⅳ类);主成矿阶段(第Ⅲ阶段)以CO2-H2O-NaCl包裹体(II类)为主,并含有少量纯CO2包裹体(III类);成矿后阶段(第Ⅳ阶段)以H2O-NaCl包裹体(Ⅰ类)为主。早期成矿阶段、主成矿阶段、成矿后阶段均一温度范围分别为227~497℃、189~427℃、130~267℃,对应盐度分别为0.53%~10.23% NaCleqv、0.35%~9.23% NaCleqv、0.18%~3.27% NaCleqv。早期成矿阶段和主成矿阶段包裹体均一温度、盐度相对较高,成矿后阶段包裹体均一温度、盐度明显降低;在空间上,主成矿阶段矿床深部包裹体的盐度较矿床浅部偏高。拉曼和气相色谱结果显示,包裹体气相成分以H2O、CO2、N2、CH4、C2H6为主,并含有少量H2S,成矿流体为低盐度的H2O-CO2-NaCl±CH4流体;包裹体液相离子成分主要为Na+、K+、Ca2+、Cl-,个别包裹体中含有少量Mg2+、F-离子。主成矿阶段不同类型、不同相比包裹体均一温度相近,显示不混溶特征。流体减压引起的不混溶作用可能是海沟金矿金沉淀的主要原因。  相似文献   

5.
江西盘古山石英脉型钨矿床流体包裹体研究   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  
采用"流体包裹体组合"(FIA)的方法,在详细的岩相学观察的基础上,对盘古山钨矿床主要矿化阶段中早阶段的辉铋矿-黑钨矿-石英脉和晚阶段的(辉铋矿)-黑钨矿-石英脉石英中的流体包裹体进行了显微测温和拉曼探针的分析。该矿床主要矿化阶段含矿石英脉中包裹体主要包括H2O-NaCl型包裹体、H2O-NaCl-CO2型包裹体和少量的CO2型包裹体,富含CO2组分是盘古山钨矿成矿流体的明显特征。实验结果表明,矿床中主要矿化阶段石英脉中两相的H2O-NaCl型包裹体与H2O-NaCl-CO2型包裹体主要均一温度范围较为一致而前者盐度相对较高。辉铋矿-黑钨矿-石英脉中的H2O-NaCl型包裹体的均一温度明显高于(辉铋矿)-黑钨矿-石英脉中的H2O-NaCl型包裹体,但两者的盐度相差不大,从辉铋矿-黑钨矿-石英脉到(辉铋矿)-黑钨矿-石英脉,H2O-NaCl-CO2型包裹体数量减少,CO2型包裹体数量增多。对各类包裹体的激光拉曼探针测试表明,辉铋矿-黑钨矿-石英脉中和(辉铋矿)-黑钨矿-石英脉中的包裹体的组分相近,除水和CO2外,还含有少量的CH4和N2。盘古山钨矿的流体包裹体特征表明,以CO2逸失为特征的流体不混溶作用是矿床金属沉淀的主要机制。  相似文献   

6.
赣南漂塘钨矿流体包裹体研究   总被引：24，自引：7，他引：17  
赣南是我国最重要的钨矿产地,漂塘钨矿是赣南的一个重要的大型石英脉型黑钨矿床,含矿石英脉具有多阶段矿化的特征。本文采用“流体包裹体组合”（FIA）,这一国际上近年来提出的适用于多阶段流体活动的包裹体研究新方法,对漂塘钨矿主成矿阶段,即黑钨矿-锡石-硫化物-石英脉阶段的含矿石英脉中流体包裹体进行岩相学和显微测温研究,并运用显微激光拉曼光谱测试技术对不同流体包裹体组合（FIA）中单个流体包裹体成分进行测试。结果表明,主成矿阶段具有明显的两期流体活动特征,流体组分主要为水溶液,不含或只含少量的CO2。  相似文献   

7.
河南省商城县汤家坪钼矿床地质和流体包裹体研究   总被引：21，自引：15，他引：6  
河南省商城县汤家坪钼矿床产于大别造山带,属于陆-陆碰撞体制的斑岩型矿床。其流体成矿过程可以分为早、中、晚3个阶段,分别以石英-钾长石-磁铁矿-辉钼矿-黄铁矿、石英-多金属硫化物和石英-碳酸盐±黄铁矿组合为标志。石英中可见水溶液包裹体、CO2-H2O型包裹体、纯CO2包裹体和含子晶多相包裹体,但晚阶段石英中只有水溶液包裹体。早阶段和中阶段还发育特殊的含子晶的CO2包裹体,这在以往的斑岩型矿床中鲜有报道。早阶段流体包裹体均一温度>375℃,盐度最高可达62.10％NaCleqv,包裹体内含大量指示氧化条件的赤铁矿子晶以及一些石盐、钾盐、黄铜矿、脆硫锑铅矿子晶。中阶段包裹体均一温度集中在235~335℃,盐度为1.06％~45.87％NaCleqv。除石盐、钾盐子晶外,还含大量黄铜矿、脆硫锑铅矿子晶,表明中阶段还原性较强。晚阶段流体包裹体均一温度集中在115~195℃,盐度较低,介于1.91％~9.98％NaCleqv。中阶段强烈的流体沸腾作用是导致成矿物质快速沉淀的重要机制。总之,初始成矿流体为岩浆热液,以高温、高盐度、高氧化性、富CO2、高金属元素含量为特征;中阶段流体发生沸腾,导致CO2逃逸,氧化性降低,成矿物质快速沉淀;晚阶段流体以低温、低盐度、无子晶、贫CO2为特征,属于大气降水热液。汤家坪钼矿床发育特殊的含子晶的CO2包裹体,可作为大陆碰撞造山带产出富含CO2的斑岩成矿系统的典型实例。  相似文献   

8.
湖南芙蓉锡多金属矿床流体包裹体地球化学研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
湖南芙蓉锡多金属矿床是中国最近发现的具有巨大找矿潜力的锡矿田，本文对白蜡水矿区和狗头岭矿区中主要的4种矿化类型（矽卡岩型、蚀变花岗岩、锡石硫化物型、云英岩型）进行了系统的流体包裹体研究，研究表明：该矿床中流体包裹体类型复杂，包括富含CO2包裹体、气液包裹体、含子晶包裹体和气相包裹体。成矿流体为富含CO2、CH4等挥发分的高盐度、高温度的岩浆期后热液，成矿流体压力为1800~179 bar。锡成矿过程早期曾发生过流体不混溶和沸腾作用。CO2相的分离导致热液流体的pH值升高，低盐度、低温大气降水的混入，导致成矿流体的温度进一步降低和锡石的沉淀。  相似文献   

9.
黑龙江多宝山斑岩铜(钼)矿床蚀变-矿化阶段及其流体演化   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2  
黑龙江多宝山斑岩铜(钼)矿床是大兴安岭中北部多宝山-阿尔山铜(钼)成矿带内最大的斑岩型矿床,位于兴蒙造山带的最东端。矿床赋存于花岗闪长岩及多宝山组下部地层中。据野外脉体类型和穿插关系、围岩蚀变类型、矿物组合,将多宝山斑岩铜(钼)矿床的蚀变和矿化自早至晚划分为4个阶段:Ⅰ钾硅化阶段;Ⅱ 硅化-钼矿化阶段;Ⅲ绢英岩化-铜矿化阶段;Ⅳ碳酸盐石英阶段。石英中包裹体类型主要有水溶液包裹体、富CO2包裹体、含子晶多相包裹体、纯CO2包裹体。成矿流体从早阶段到晚阶段具有规律性演化特征:钾硅化阶段发育水溶液包裹体、富CO2包裹体,盐度集中在6%~10% NaCleqv,密度0.5~0.9g·cm-3,均一温度峰值为245~400℃;硅化-钼矿化阶段发育水溶液包裹体、富CO2包裹体、含子晶多相包裹体均一温度峰值为260~300℃,盐度1.7%~39% NaCleqv,密度0.3~1.1g·cm-3;绢英岩化-铜矿化阶段发育水溶液包裹体、富CO2包裹体,均一温度峰值220~280℃,盐度0.1%~24.8% NaCleqv,峰值集中在6%~12%,密度0.5~1.0g·cm-3;碳酸盐阶段仅发育水溶液包裹体包裹体,均一温度峰值为125~170℃,盐度0.5%~12.8% NaCleqv,密度0.8~0.9g·cm-3。激光拉曼探针分析结果表明成分主要为H2O和CO2。本文对多宝山矿床主成矿期压力进行了估算,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ阶段捕获压力分别为110~160MPa、58~80MPa、8~17MPa。测温实验结合野外现象及包裹体岩相学表明多宝山斑岩铜(钼)矿床是一个复杂的构造-岩浆成矿系统,与成矿有关的热流体不是单一的岩浆分异的结果,构造裂隙系统也为含矿流体提供了很好的导矿与容矿空间,矿床沉淀机制为温度压力的变化及空间的开放导致流体不混溶与沸腾作用,不同流体的混合、水岩反应致使流体pH值、成分发生变化,从而导致铜、钼的矿化。  相似文献   

10.
刘利 《地质与勘探》2012,48(4):663-676
[摘 要]劳家沟钼矿是西拉木伦成矿带东段阿鲁科尔沁旗天山镇新发现的一个斑岩型钼矿床。矿床赋矿岩石为中细粒斑状二长花岗岩,矿化类型以细脉状和浸染状辉钼矿为主。成矿过程包括早阶段(石英-辉钼矿-黄铁矿组合)、中阶段(石英-多金属硫化物组合) 和晚阶段(石英-方解石组合) 三个阶段。早阶段的石英细脉中发育气相水包裹体(PV)、液相水包裹体(PL)、CO2-H2O 三相包裹体( C)、富液相水溶液包裹体(L)、富气相水溶液包裹体(V)和含子矿物多相包裹体(S),子矿物包括石盐、硬石 膏及其它不明矿物;中阶段较早阶段除缺少CO2三相包裹体外,其它相似;而晚阶段的石英-方解石细脉中流体包裹体发育较少,且类型单一,只有L 类和少量V 类。流体包裹体岩相学、显微测温及单个包裹体激光拉曼光谱分析结果表明劳家沟斑岩钼矿的成矿流体是以高温、高盐度、高氧逸度和含CO2为特征的岩浆热液型流体,从早到晚其演化规律为:早阶段高温(320～>550℃)、高盐度(6～16wt% NaCleqv、52. 89～>66. 75wt% NaCleqv)、高氧逸度、富CO2→中阶段中高温(280～>550℃)、高盐度(5～>15wt%NaCleqv、>66. 75wt%NaCleqv)、含CO2→晚阶段中低温(160～250℃)、低盐度(0. 5～5 wt% NaCleqv)、贫CO2。利用含石盐子晶包裹体的气液均一温度ThL-V、石盐消失温度Tmhalite 和压力三者之间的关系对其最小捕获压力进行估算,结果显示成矿深度大约为5～7 km。根据区域成矿规律推测劳家沟斑岩钼矿的成矿时间大致为早白垩世,成矿构造背景对应于中国东部岩石圈强烈减薄。本文将劳家沟斑岩钼矿的成矿机制大致概括为:岩石圈强烈减薄诱发岩浆侵入活动,岩浆在侵入晚期发生液态不混溶作用形成高温、高盐度、高氧逸度、含CO2的含矿气水热液,在地壳快速抬升期间流体多次减压沸腾,导致成矿物质沉淀。  相似文献   

11.
江西大吉山钨多金属矿床流体包裹体研究   总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5  
大吉山钨矿床是赣南地区的一个大型钨多金属矿床,由石英脉型钨矿体和花岗岩浸染型钨、钽、铌、铍矿体构成.在详细的岩相学观察的基础上,文章采用“流体包裹体组合”法,对石英脉型矿体和花岗岩浸染型矿体石英中的流体包裹体进行了显微测温和拉曼探针分析.研究表明,与石英脉型矿体成矿相关的流体为中-高温、中-低盐度的NaCl-H2O-CO2-CH4±N2体系,与花岗岩浸染型矿体成矿相关的流体为高温、中-低盐度的NaCl-H2O±CO2±CH4体系,两者流体的性质不同.笔者认为,在流体体系冷却过程中,所发生的以CO2逸失为特征的流体不混溶作用是石英脉型矿体的主要形成机制,而花岗岩浸染型矿体中金属元素的沉淀则主要由流体体系的冷却作用所致,这两类矿体的成矿流体的来源可能不同.  相似文献   

12.
小加山钨矿区位于东准噶尔成矿区中部南缘,处于博格达-哈尔里克构造带上。构造位置上矿区处于哈尔里克复式背斜中,构造线方向以EW向为主。矿区出露地层主要为中泥盆统大南湖组第一亚组第一段(D_2d_1~1)、和第二段(D_2d_1~2)。主要岩浆岩有石英闪长岩、黑云母二长花岗岩、钾长花岗岩及少量中酸性花岗闪长岩脉。矿体赋存于邻近海西晚期花岗岩侵入体附近的中泥盆统大南湖组第一亚组第二段(D_2d_1~2)的变质晶屑凝灰岩中。矿石类型为石英脉型黑钨矿石,有用金属主要为黑钨矿,黑钨矿石英脉分为灰色含钨石英脉和白色含钨石英脉2种。四极质谱分析法测得矿床流体包裹体气相成分以H_2O、CO_2为主,次为N_2、CH_4,此外还含有少量的Ar、C_2H_6,液相成分以Cl~-、Na~+为主,次为Ca~(2+),表明成矿流体主要为H_2O-CO_2-NaCl体系。矿床成因类型属于高温热液石英脉型黑钨矿床,矿体主要位于围岩裂隙构造。钨主要由侵入围岩地层中的地幔热液迁移富集而来,W元素迁移过程中,含钨络合物成矿流体分解进而沉淀成矿。  相似文献   

13.
The Yaoling tungsten deposit is a typical wolframite quartz vein‐type tungsten deposit in the South China metallogenic province. The wolframite‐bearing quartz veins mainly occur in Cambrian to Ordovician host rocks or in Mesozoic granitic rocks and are controlled by the west‐north‐west trending extensional faults. The ore mineralization mainly comprises wolframite and variable amounts of molybdenite, chalcopyrite, pyrite, fluorite, and tourmaline. Hydrothermal alteration is well developed at the Yaoling tungsten deposit, including greisenization, silicification, fluoritization, and tourmalinization. Three types of primary/pseudosecondary fluid inclusions have been identified in vein quartz, which is intimately intergrown with wolframite. These include two‐phase liquid‐rich aqueous inclusions (type I), two‐ or three‐phase CO2‐rich inclusions (type II), and type III daughter mineral‐bearing multiphase high‐salinity aqueous inclusions. Microthermometric measurements reveal consistent moderate homogenization temperatures (peak values from 200 to 280°C), and low to high salinities (1.3–39 wt % NaCl equiv.) for the type I, type II, and type III inclusions, where the CO2‐rich type II inclusions display trace amounts of CH4 and N2. The ore‐forming fluids are far more saline than those of other tungsten deposits reported in South China. The estimated maximum trapping pressure of the ore‐forming fluids is about 1230–1760 bar, corresponding to a lithostatic depth of 4.0–5.8 km. The δDH2O isotopic compositions of the inclusion fluid ranges from ?66.7 to ?47.8‰, with δ18OH2O values between 1.63 and 4.17‰, δ13C values of ?6.5–0.8‰, and δ34S values between ?1.98 and 1.92‰, with an average of ?0.07‰. The stable isotope data imply that the ore‐forming fluids of the Yaoling tungsten deposit were mainly derived from crustal magmatic fluids with some involvement of meteoric water. Fluid immiscibility and fluid–rock interaction are thought to have been the main mechanisms for tungsten precipitation at Yaoling.  相似文献   

14.
Abstract. The Ta'ergou tungsten deposit in Gansu province, northwestern China, is located in the western part of the North Qilian Caledonian orogen, and consists of scheelite skarn bodies and wolframite quartz veins. The tungsten‐bearing skarn developed by the replacement of carbonate layers intercalated in the Precambrian schist and amphibolite whereas wolframite‐quartz ore veins developed along a group of fractures that cut through horizontal skarns. The Ta'ergou tungsten deposit is genetically related to the Caledonian Yeniutan granodiorite intrusion and occurs ca. 500 m wide in the exo‐contact zone 300 ～ 500 m apart from the intrusion. The granodiorite displays a lower grade of differentiation, low content of SiO2 and high contents of mafic components. There are three types of fluid inclusions in the wolframite‐quartz vein systems, i. e. aqueous, CO2‐H2O and CO2‐rich. The homogenization temperature of aqueous inclusion ranges from 140 to 380d?C and their salinities from 6.4 to 17.4 equivalent wt% NaCl. Laser Raman spectroscopy shows that the inclusions contain a relatively high content of CO2. The δ34S values of skarn type sulfides range from +8.1 to +12.7 per mil and those of quartz vein sulfides from +9.3 to +14.9 per mil, similar to sulfides of the granodiorite with from +6.0 to +11.7 per mil. The δ18O values of quartz are between +10.5 and +13.3 per mil and those of wolframite between +3.4 and +5.1 per mil. The δ18O water values of ore forming fluids range from +0.6 to +6.4 per mil and suggest the mixture of magmatic fluids with meteoric water formed the ore‐forming fluids. It has been proved that Precambrian strata in the west sector of North Qilian region are enriched in tungsten. We propose the strata were remelted to be tungsten‐granitoid during subduction. The polymetallic tungsten was gradually accumulated into the roof pendants of the granite intrusion by fractional crystallization and then was deposited by hydrothermal fluids during metasomatism and infilling along fractures. On the other hand, the granite intrusion also acted as “heating machine” to make hydrothermal fluids leach out the metals from Precambrian strata and these metals joined the ore‐forming hydrothermal system.  相似文献   

15.
雪鸡坪铜矿床产于印支晚期石英二长闪长玢岩-石英闪长玢岩-石英二长斑岩复式侵入体内,为一斑岩型铜矿床。矿床形成经历了多阶段热液成矿作用,主要有微细脉浸染状黄铁矿±黄铜矿-石英、细脉状辉钼矿±黄铁矿±黄铜矿-石英及微细脉状贫硫化物-石英-方解石等。流体包裹体岩相学、显微测温、激光拉曼及碳、氢、氧同位素综合研究表明,微细脉浸染状黄铁矿±黄铜矿-石英阶段石英中主要发育含Na Cl子矿物三相及气液两相包裹体,与含矿的石英二长斑岩石英中发育的流体包裹体特征相似,表明成矿流体主要为中高温、高盐度Na Cl-H2O体系热液,可能主要来源于印支期石英二长斑岩侵入体;辉钼矿±黄铁矿±黄铜矿-石英中主要发育含CO2三相及气液两相包裹体,成矿流体为中温、低盐度Na Cl-CO2-H2O体系热液,与前者来源明显不同;贫硫化物-石英-方解石石英中主要发育气液两相包裹体,成矿流体为中低温、低盐度Na Cl-H2O体系热液,推测其可能较多来自于大气降水。因此,雪鸡坪铜矿床为不同来源、不同地球化学性质热液叠加成矿作用的结果。  相似文献   

16.
赣南西华山钨矿床成矿流体演化特征   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  
赣南西华山钨矿床是一个闻名中外的大型石英脉型钨矿床。为探讨成矿流体性质以及演化过程,本文对西华山石英脉型钨矿床主成矿阶段含矿石英脉中流体包裹体进行了岩相学、显微测温学研究和激光拉曼光谱分析。结果显示,西华山钨矿床的流体包裹体以H2O-NaCl型为主,局部发育H2O-NaCl-CO2型。流体热焓-盐度图解表明成矿流体以混合作用为主,局部沸腾在热液系统演化中作用不大。通过对沸腾包裹体的测温数据进行计算,得出西华山脉型钨矿成矿压力约为27～87 MPa,矿床形成深度约为1.0～3.3 km。  相似文献   

17.
The Xiaojiashan tungsten deposit is located about 200 km northwest of Hami City, the Eastern Tianshan orogenic belt, Xinjiang, northwestern China, and is a quartz vein‐type tungsten deposit. Combined fluid inclusion microthermometry, host rock geochemistry, and H–O isotopic compositions are used to constrain the ore genesis and tectonic setting of the Xiaojiashan tungsten deposit. The orebodies occur in granite intrusions adjacent to the metamorphic crystal tuff, which consists of the second lithological section of the first Sub‐Formation of the Dananhu Formation (D2d 12). Biotite granite is the most widely distributed intrusive bodies in the Xiaojiashan tungsten deposit. Altered diorite and metamorphic crystal tuff are the main surrounding rocks. The granite belongs to peraluminous A‐type granite with high potassic calc‐alkaline series, and all rocks show light Rare Earth Element (REE)‐enriched patterns. The trace element characters suggest that crystallization differentiation might even occur in the diagenetic process. The granite belongs to postcollisional extension granite, and the rocks formed in an extensional tectonic environment, which might result from magma activity in such an extensional tectonic environment. Tungsten‐bearing quartz veins are divided into gray quartz vein and white quartz veins. Based on petrography observation, fluid inclusions in both kinds of vein quartz are mainly aqueous inclusions. Microthermometry shows that gray quartz veins have 143–354°C of Th, and white quartz veins have 154–312°C of Th. The laser‐Raman test shows that CO2 is found in fluid inclusions of the tungsten‐bearing quartz veins. Quadrupole mass spectrometry reveals that fluid inclusions contain major vapor‐phase contents of CO2, H2O. Meanwhile, fluid inclusions contain major liquid‐phase contents of Cl?, Na+. It can be speculated that the ore‐forming fluid of the Xiaojiashan tungsten deposit is characterized by an H2O–CO2, low salinity, and H2O–CO2–NaCl system. The range of hydrogen and oxygen isotope compositions indicated that the ore‐forming fluids of the tungsten deposit were mainly magmatic water. The ore‐forming age of the Xiaojiashan deposit should to be ~227 Ma. During the ore‐forming process, the magmatic water had separated from magmatic intrusions, and the ore‐bearing complex was taken to a portion where tungsten‐bearing ores could be mineralized. The magmatic fluid was mixed by meteoric water in the late stage.  相似文献   

18.
The Xihuashan tungsten deposit, Jiangxi province, China, is a world-class vein-type ore deposit hosted in Cambrian strata and Mesozoic granitic intrusions. There are two major sets of subparallel ore-bearing quartz veins. The ore mineral assemblage includes wolframite and molybdenite, with minor amounts of arsenopyrite, chalcopyrite, and pyrite. There are only two-phase aqueous-rich inclusions in wolframite but at least three major types of inclusions in quartz: two- or three-phase CO2-rich inclusions, two-phase pure CO2 inclusions and two-phase aqueous inclusions, indicating boiling. Fluid inclusions in wolframite have relatively higher homogenization temperatures and salinities (239–380°C, 3.8–13.7 wt.% NaCl equiv) compared with those in quartz (177–329°C, 0.9–8.1 wt.% NaCl equiv). These distinct differences suggest that those conventional microthermometric data from quartz are not adequate to explain the ore formation process. Enthalpy–salinity plot shows a linear relationship, implying mixing of different sources of fluids. Although boiling occurred during vein-type mineralization, it seems negligible for wolframite deposition. Mixing is the dominant mechanism of wolframite precipitation in Xihuashan. δ34S values of the sulfides range from −1.6 to +0.1‰, indicative of a magmatic source of sulfur. δ18O values of wolframite are relatively homogeneous, ranging from +4.8‰ to +6.3‰. Oxygen isotope modeling of boiling and mixing processes also indicates that mixing of two different fluids was an important mechanism in the precipitation of wolframite.  相似文献   

19.
CO2-rich fluid inclusions containing opaque mineral crystals were found in the Fenghuangshan skarn-porphyry Cu–Fe–Au deposit in Tongling, Anhui, China. These inclusions show variable CO2 contents and are accompanied by aqueous inclusions, both occurring as secondary inclusions in quartz and being locally associated with chalcopyrite mineralization. Laser Raman microspectroscopic analyses confirm the predominance of CO2 in the vapor and the presence of H2S as high as 8 mol%, and identify the opaque mineral with yellow reflectance color in the inclusions as chalcopyrite. More than half of the CO2-bearing inclusions contains chalcopyrite, whereas few of the associated aqueous inclusions do so. The chalcopyrite, occupying less than 1% (volume) of the inclusions, is interpreted to be a daughter mineral, and calculated Cu concentrations in the inclusions range from 0.1 to 3.4 wt%. Copper is inferred to have been transported in CO2-dominated fluids as HS− complexes. The occurrence of chalcopyrite daughter crystals in CO2-rich fluid inclusions indicates that CO2-rich vapor has the capacity of transporting large amounts of Cu, and possibly Au. This finding has significant implications for metal transport and mineralization in hydrothermal systems enriched in CO2, such as orogenic-type and granitic intrusion-related gold deposits.  相似文献   

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