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1.
针对渤海周边地区及营口-潍坊断裂带,收集并统一处理该地区1999年以来的GPS数据,依据最新的观测成果跟踪该区域地壳运动的动态变化;采用块体运动方程计算营口-潍坊断裂带的活动速率,并分析该断裂带的活动性质。结果表明,1999-2010年营口-潍坊断裂带为右旋,2011-2013年为左旋,日本3·11地震使北北东向营口-潍坊断裂带改变了走滑活动性质,反映了3·11地震使华北东部区域应力场有明显地变化,也表明华北地区的构造活动受印度-欧亚碰撞带和太平洋-欧亚板块俯冲带的活动程度制约。日本3·11大地震使本区拉张显著,应变能有一定卸载性变化。本文的研究结果对于理解营潍断裂带地震活动性与规律及区域动力学状况具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
2.
GPS天线相位中心偏差的数学模型 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
叙述了天线相位中心的检测方法．改进了GPS天线相位中心偏差的数学模型．在不考虑天线相位中心随卫星高度、方位角变化时该模型可以准确地计算出天线相位中心水平偏差大小与方向和垂直偏差的大小,从而提高了天线相位中心偏差的确定精度。实例表明,本文所提出的方法可以较准确地判断出天线相位中心水平偏差的大小与方向。 相似文献
3.
GPS Antenna Calibration at the National Geodetic Survey 总被引：15，自引：2，他引：13
Gerald L. Mader 《GPS Solutions》1999,3(1):50-58
The precise point whose position is being measured when a GPS baseline is determined is generally assumed to be the phase
center of the GPS antenna. However, the phase center of a GPS antenna is neither a physical point nor a stable point. For
any given GPS antenna, the phase center will change with the changing direction of the signal from a satellite. Ideally, most
of this phase center variation depends on satellite elevation. Azimuthal effects are only introduced by the local environment
around each individual antenna site. These phase center variations affect the antenna offsets that are needed to connect GPS
measurements to physical monuments. Ignoring these phase center variations can lead to serious (up to 10 cm) vertical errors.
This article will describe the procedure by which the National Geodetic Survey is calibrating GPS antennas and how this information
may be obtained and used to avoid problems from these antenna variations. ? 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
4.
天线相位中心改正对GPS精密单点定位的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
GPS卫星与接收机由于自身特性以及机械加工等原因,导致其质量中心与相位中心不重合而产生相位中心误差,进而对GPS精密单点定位产生一定影响。介绍GPS天线相位中心偏移(PCO)、变化(PCV)的原理,并分析PCO、PCV,以及不同模型改正对GPS精密单点定位的影响。结果表明,在GPS精密单点定位中,天线相位中心改正不容忽略:在平面方向上,天线相位中心改正对定位影响较小,仅为毫米级;在高程方向上,天线相位中心改正对定位影响较大,可达厘米级;与相对中心改正模型相比,绝对相位中心改正模型精度更高。 相似文献
5.
Results of the estimation of azimuth-dependent phase center variations (PCVs) of GPS satellite antennas using global GPS data
are presented. Significant variations of up to ±3–4 mm that are demonstrated show excellent repeatability over eight years.
The application of the azimuthal PCVs besides the nadir-dependent ones will lead to a further reduction in systematic antenna
effects. In addition, the paper focuses on the benefit of a possible transition from relative to absolute PCVs. Apart from
systematic changes in the global station coordinates, one can expect the GPS results to be less dependent on the elevation
cut-off angle. This, together with the significant reduction of tropospheric zenith delay biases between GPS and VLBI, stands
for an important step toward more consistency between different space geodetic techniques. 相似文献
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Evaluation of the ITRF2008 GPS vertical velocities using satellite antenna z-offsets 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
We develop a method to evaluate the terrestrial reference frame (TRF) scale rate error using Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite antenna phase center offset (APCO) parameters and apply it to ITRF2008. We search for the TRF in which z-APCO parameters have the smallest drift. In order to provide realistic error bars for the z-APCO drifts, we pay attention to model periodic variations and auto-correlated noise processes in the z-APCO time series. We will show that the GPS scale rate with respect to a frame is, as a first approximation, proportional to the estimated mean z-APCO trend if that frame is used to constrain station positions. Thus, an ITRF2008 scale rate error between ?0.27 and ?0.06 mm/yr depending on the GPS analysis center can be estimated, which demonstrates the high quality of the newly constructed ITRF2008. We will also demonstrate that the traditional estimates of the GPS scale rate from 7-parameter similarity transformations are consistent with our newly derived GPS scale rates with respect to ITRF2008 within two sigmas. We find using International GNSS Service (IGS) products that the traditional approach is relevant for scale rate determination even if some of the z-APCO values supplied by the IGS were not simultaneously calibrated. As the scale rate is related to the accuracy of vertical velocities, our estimates supply a conservative evaluation that can be used for error budget computation. 相似文献
8.
Estimation and evaluation of real-time precipitable water vapor from GLONASS and GPS 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Cuixian Lu Xingxing Li Maorong Ge Robert Heinkelmann Tobias Nilsson Benedikt Soja Galina Dick Harald Schuh 《GPS Solutions》2016,20(4):703-713
The revitalized Russian GLONASS system provides new potential for real-time retrieval of zenith tropospheric delays (ZTD) and precipitable water vapor (PWV) in order to support time-critical meteorological applications such as nowcasting or severe weather event monitoring. In this study, we develop a method of real-time ZTD/PWV retrieval based on GLONASS and/or GPS observations. The performance of ZTD and PWV derived from GLONASS data using real-time precise point positioning (PPP) technique is carefully investigated and evaluated. The potential of combining GLONASS and GPS data for ZTD/PWV retrieving is assessed as well. The GLONASS and GPS observations of about half a year for 80 globally distributed stations from the IGS (International GNSS Service) network are processed. The results show that the real-time GLONASS ZTD series agree quite well with the GPS ZTD series in general: the RMS of ZTD differences is about 8 mm (about 1.2 mm in PWV). Furthermore, for an inter-technique validation, the real-time ZTD estimated from GLONASS-only, GPS-only, and the GPS/GLONASS combined solutions are compared with those derived from very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) at colocated GNSS/VLBI stations. The comparison shows that GLONASS can contribute to real-time meteorological applications, with almost the same accuracy as GPS. More accurate and reliable water vapor values, about 1.5–2.3 mm in PWV, can be achieved when GLONASS observations are combined with the GPS ones in the real-time PPP data processing. The comparison with radiosonde data further confirms the performance of GLONASS-derived real-time PWV and the benefit of adding GLONASS to stand-alone GPS processing. 相似文献
9.
由于天线本身的特性及机械加工等原因,GPS卫星和接收机天线相位中心与其几何中心不重合,从而产生相位中心偏差。某些类型的天线该偏差甚至可达数cm,直接影响高精度GPS测量的精确可靠性[1]。讨论了GAMIT软件在高精度GPS数据处理中进行天线相位中心改正的原理、方法和策略,结合美国IGS观测站及南加州区域站观测数据,对改正方法及策略进行了实验对比与分析。结果表明:对接收机天线相位中心和卫星天线相位中心采用模型改正,而卫星天线相位中心偏移不改正,所得到的基线解算结果较好[2];地面接收机天线方位角的变化对U方向的基线解算结果有较大影响,在高精度GPS测量中,必须进行天线方位角的变化改正。 相似文献
10.
Patrick J. Fell 《Journal of Geodesy》1986,60(3):181-192
The Fourth International Geodetic Symposium on Satellite Positioning was held in Austin, Texas from 28 April to 2 May 1986.
The symposium was organized as a forum for the discussion of recent geodetic activities related to precise positioning using
observations from the Navy Navigation Satellite System (Transit) and the NAVSTAR Golbal Positioning System (GPS). In addition,
the sympsium promoted an exchange of ideas on the future direction of GPS geodetic activities and provided a summary of the
status, policy, and plans for both the GPS and Transit systems. This report summarizes the proceedings of the meeting. 相似文献
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12.
GPS接收机天线相位中心与其几何中心不重合性构成了GPS接收机天线相位中心误差,如何减少相位中心偏移是天线设计和GPS数据处理中的重要问题。本文在分析GPS接收机天线相位中心在垂直方向上偏差的检测原理的基础上,讨论GPS天线相位中心垂直分量偏差对GPS高程精度的影响,应用实例得出一些有益的结论。 相似文献
13.
在局部地区GPS高程拟合中,选择不同的拟合模型和方法会对GPS高程拟合的精度产生很大的影响。本文通过对多面函数拟合模型中不同核函数中心点个数选择对GPS高程拟合精度影响的研究,通过实例计算分析得到结论:核函数中心点因个数选取的不同,对GPS高程拟合精度的影响较大,在采用多面函数模型拟合GPS高程时,应该考虑核函数中心点个数的选择问题。 相似文献
14.
Determination of Geopotential of Local Vertical Datum Surface 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
WEI Ziqing JIAO Wenhai 《地球空间信息科学学报》2003,6(1):1-4
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15.
A Discussion of IGS Solutions and Their Impact on Geodetic and Geophysical Applications 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The International Association of Geodesy officially established the International GPS Service (IGS) on Janaury 1, 1994. Its
prime objective is to provide support and a rerefence system for a wide variety of scientific and practical applications involving
GPS. To fulfill its role the IGS also generates, in addition to its fundamental products (orbital/staion positions and consistent
Earth orientation parameters), additional reference-system products providing the necessary infrastructure, standards, and
means of calibrations for timing and various atmospheric applications of GPS. The generation and efficient application of
IGS products and their impact on a number of positioning and atmospheric applications, including low earth orbit satellites,
is reviewed and discussed. @ 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
16.
Stefania Bonafoni Augusto Mazzoni Domenico Cimini Mario Montopoli Nazzareno Pierdicca Patrizia Basili Piero Ciotti Giovanni Carlesimo 《GPS Solutions》2013,17(4):475-484
We present an assessment of a GPS receiver operational network to produce accurate integrated precipitable water vapour (IPWV) during a two-week field experiment carried out in Central Italy around the city of Rome, where different instruments were operative. This experimental activity provided an excellent opportunity to compare the GPS products with independent measurements provided by ground-based and space-based sensors and to evaluate their quality in terms of absolute accuracy of IPWV, analyzing also the spatial scale of GPS estimates. For instance, the assimilation into Numerical Weather Prediction models of IPWV provided by a GPS network or its exploitation in space geodesy applications to correct tropospheric effects requires an accuracy in the order of 0.1 cm to be ascribed to IPWV observations. In this work, we assessed that the accuracy for GPS IPWV estimates is 0.07 cm. Moreover, this experiment has pointed out strengths and limitations of an operational network for the water vapor estimation, such as a proper receiver distribution to achieve the desired spatial resolution and a coverage of GPS stations in both flat and mountains regions. 相似文献
17.
哈尔滨市树木管理信息系统突破了以往以城市市区美化、绿化为目标的狭义的城市园林或绿化的管理,而是为维护城市生态环境系统服务的体系。“3S”技术(GIS—地理信息系统、RS—遥感、GPS—全球定位系统)、网络技术、多媒体技术、数据库技术为哈尔滨市树木管理信息系统提供了技术支持。哈尔滨市树木管理信息系统的建设和应用,在政府各相关部门进行重要项目论证和重大问题决策方面将提供详实、准确的依据。 相似文献
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从汶川大地震看空间信息技术在震后救灾中的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
目前,以"3S"为代表的空间信息技术已经为抗震救灾提供了极具潜力的技术支持.本文简要分析了"3S"技术集成和北斗导航系统在抗震救灾中的应用现状,并结合其在汶川大地震后的实际应用,分别探讨RS,GPS,GIS和北斗导航系统在震害调查研究及抗震救灾中的作用. 相似文献
20.
印度区域导航卫星系统（IRNSS）与日本准天顶系统（QZSS）是近年来宣布正式运行的两个区域卫星导航系统。本文首先评估了IRNSS和QZSS在各自主服务区域的L5信号单点定位性能。然后,为了探究导航星座结构差异对各区域系统联合GPS在城市峡谷环境下定位性能的影响程度,详细对比分析了卫星截止高度角为5°、15°、25°、35°、45°、55°时各区域系统在其主服务区内联合GPS定位的表现。结果表明：① IRNSS在其主服务区内可提供全天连续独立L5定位服务,水平方向定位精度小于2.50m,高程方向定位精度小于4.10m;② QZSS在其主服务区内只能提供全天部分时段的独立L5定位服务,水平方向定位精度小于4.80m,高程方向定位精度小于7.40m;③由于QZSS独特的星座结构,其在主服务区城市峡谷环境中联合GPS定位的性能要优于IRNSS在其相应主服务区联合GPS定位的表现,尤其是在天空视野有限的情况下。本文结果对决策者设计新的区域导航系统具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献