共查询到16条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
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由于湿喷纤维混凝土支护结构物理、力学参数和喷层厚度的离散性及混凝土强度破坏准则难以用支护材料参数显式表达,对该类隧道支护结构进行可靠度分析十分困难,提出采用响应面方法计算湿喷纤维混凝土支护结构的可靠度方法,并给出了计算流程,其中围岩-支护结构的确定性分析采用非线性有限元方法,可靠度分析采用2次响应面法.以赣州-龙岩铁路金华山软岩隧道湿喷纤维混凝土支护结构为研究对象,对该支护结构的可靠度进行分析与计算.分析结果表明,金华山隧道湿喷纤维混凝土支护结构可靠度指标高,处于安全状态. 相似文献
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隧道结构的围岩-支护特征曲线理论表明,初期支护强度变化及支护时机将极大地影响隧道周围围岩的变形及应力分布。相应地,作为初期支护重要组成部分的喷射混凝土,其喷射后的强度增长变化规律及硬化速度也极大地影响着围岩的变形及应力重分布。为探明喷射混凝土的强度增长规律及其硬化速度对初期支护性能的影响,结合隧道工程实践,进行了一系列喷射混凝土现场试验,建立了喷射混凝土强度和弹性模量增长规律,确定了喷射混凝土硬化速度对初期支护性能的影响规律。分析表明：（1）隧道喷射混凝土早期强度发展较快、较平稳,24 h抗压强度平均值为6.4 MPa,48 h抗压强度平均值为11.4 MPa。（2）在软弱围岩中提高喷混凝土的早期强度十分重要,是控制围岩变形和稳定的关键,喷混凝土早期强度越大,隧道初期支护作用越明显。（3）喷混凝土硬化速度对控制拱顶沉降变形效果较显著。与慢速硬化相比,喷射混凝土快速硬化时拱顶沉降减少10.4%,拱脚处减小17%,边墙水平收敛减少了30.7%。（4）喷射混凝土硬化速度对控制围岩塑性变形方面差异较小。（5）应充分考虑喷射混凝土的强度硬化过程,不考虑喷射混凝土硬化速度会在一定程度上高估初期支护性能,使其相应支护结构位移明显小于考虑硬化速度时相应的结构位移。 相似文献
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昆仑山隧道是青藏铁路550 km连续多年冻土区最长的高原冻土隧道。在高寒缺氧、低气压地区修建铁路隧道所遇到的是全新的技术难题。室内和现场试验及施工结果表明：在多年冻土隧道施工中采用湿喷混凝土支护,使混凝土与冻土围岩黏结牢固,并能保证支护混凝土的质量,证明湿喷混凝土支护在高原多年冻土区隧道施工中是可行的。 相似文献
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金华山软岩铁路隧道施工过程围岩屈服接近度分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
隧道施工过程中围岩处于复杂应力状态下,隧道围岩屈服区演化特征的确定对于围岩稳定性分析和开挖支护方案优化具有重要的意义。采用屈服接近度指标衡量围岩破坏接近程度可以合理地描述复杂应力状态下围岩的应力危险性,对Mohr-Coulomb类岩体材料的屈服接近度函数进行了相应的推导,并在非线性有限元用户子程序上编程予以实现。介绍了赣州-龙岩铁路DKl33+095～DKl38+237段软弱围岩单线隧道正台阶步施工方案以及湿喷纤维混凝土支护方案。为了对该隧道施工过程中隧道围岩屈服区的演化特征进行合理评价,采用非线性有限元法对软弱围岩条件下的铁路隧道施工过程进行了数值模拟,分析了施工过程中隧道围岩屈服接近度分布特征,判定了隧道台阶步施工过程中隧道围岩的稳定性。分析结果表明:该隧道施工过程中围岩破坏区主要发生在下台阶步施工过程中;屈服接近度指标比传统的塑性区分布提供的信息更加丰富,有利于工程技术人员定量地评价隧道开挖支护方案。 相似文献
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在隧道工程施工过程中,爆破开挖与喷射混凝土支护往往交替进行,爆破振动可能会造成局部的喷射混凝土与围岩表面之间失去黏结力,二者脱离形成空洞。采用薄板振动理论模型、三维离散元程序3DEC数值模拟及现场实测振动分析相结合的方法,研究了隧道喷射混凝土与围岩之间的空洞对混凝土喷层爆破振动特性及安全评价的影响。研究结果表明,当隧道喷射混凝土与围岩之间存在空洞时,空洞处喷射混凝土的振动速度增大、振动持续时间变长、振动频率降低,振动的幅值-频率谱具有明显的单峰现象,回归分析得到的质点峰值振动速度衰减速率更快;空洞的存在导致隧道混凝土喷层爆破振动危险区域增大,致使选择的喷射混凝土支护时机滞后、采用的最大单响药量偏低,从而降低了隧道开挖的施工效率、增加了工程成本。 相似文献
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利用现场监控量测的数据及时分析和评价支护结构的内力是隧道动态设计和施工的关键问题,对保证隧道施工的安全具有重要意义。根据初期支护中喷射混凝土自身特点,将喷层结构视为弹性地基曲梁,并运用弹性地基曲梁理论,通过喷射混凝土与围岩接触应力推求喷层结构内力的解析解,从而得到喷层结构的应力集中部位,方便后续制定施工安全措施。经台阶法开挖的隧道工程实例分析表明,从喷层与围岩接触应力出发来求解喷层结构内力解析式是隧道内力分析一种新的有效方法,为隧道结构的安全评估提供比较可靠的依据 相似文献
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公路隧道型钢喷射混凝土初期支护安全评价研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
公路隧道常采用复合式衬砌,按“新奥法”原理进行设计和施工。对于软弱围岩段,采用型钢拱架（或格栅拱架）+注浆+锚喷网联合初期支护形式,型钢喷射混凝土初期支护的安全性评价方法是实现支护动态设计的关键。对初期支护安全性评价进行系统研究,建立了型钢喷射混凝土安全性评价数值计算方法。首先,根据监测数据分析围岩最终沉降量、水平收敛值,作为围岩力学参数反演的依据;其次,采用反演的力学参数,通过地层-结构法数值计算型钢拱架喷射混凝土初期支护内力;最后,采用型钢混凝土安全系数计算方法计算和评价初期支护安全性。研究发现,型钢拱架喷射混凝土初期支护能发挥型钢强支护作用,而喷射混凝土达到设计强度后,混凝土起主要支撑作用,型钢间距对提高初期支护安全系数不显著。 相似文献
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Karl Gunnar Holter 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2014,47(3):1003-1020
A composite tunnel lining system based on a sprayed waterproofing membrane combined with sprayed concrete is currently being considered for future Norwegian rail and road tunnels. Possible loading of the tunnel linings caused by water pressure is being investigated. This tunnel lining system consists of a waterproof membrane which, during application on the sprayed concrete lining, bonds mechanically to the sprayed concrete on either side. Hence, a continuous, sealing, and non-draining structure from the rock mass to the interior tunnel surface is formed in the walls and crown. Experiences from some successful recent projects with this lining system in Europe are reviewed. However, these experiences are not directly comparable to the Scandinavian hard rock tunnel lining approach, which utilizes a relatively thin sprayed and irregular concrete layer for permanent lining. When considering the sprayed membrane and sprayed concrete composite lining concept, introducing a partially sealing and undrained element in the lining, the experiences with the traditionally used lining systems in Norway need to be reconsidered and fully understood. A review of several hard rock tunnels with adverse conditions, in which the tunnel lining has been subject to load monitoring, shows that only very small loads in the tunnel linings occur. Recent investigations with in situ water pressure testing, including two sites with the composite sprayed membrane in a partially drained waterproof tunnel lining, are discussed. In a case with a cavern located in a hydraulically saturated rock mass subjected to approximately 8 bar hydrostatic pressure, a negative pressure gradient towards the tunnel lining has been measured. The investigation results from the Norwegian test sites indicate that no significant loading of the tunnel lining takes place in a hydraulically saturated rock when applying this composite waterproof tunnel lining in parts of the tunnel perimeter. 相似文献
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随着国民经济的飞速发展,对铁道交通运输的要求越来越高。国家铁道网络工程的建设,尤其是高速铁路的建设,使得超长隧洞、超大断面隧洞的应用越来越广。这就对隧洞施工技术提出更高的要求。如何选择合适支护时间及支护方式,将影响施工进度与施工成本的控制。在隧道施工过程中采用围岩量测监控技术,对围岩变化情况及支护结构进行量测,及时提供围岩稳定程度与支护结构可靠性的安全信息,预见事故及险情,作为调整与修改支护设计的依据,并在复合式衬砌中,依据测量结果确定二次衬砌施做的时间,以达到监控隧道围岩与支护结构的变化不超过设计标准。在周家湾隧道施工中应用了围岩量测技术,全过程监督施工中围岩的稳定性。通过对监测数据的分析与研究,选择适宜的支护措施,确保了工程的安全与质量,提高了施工效益并节约了施工成本。 相似文献
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小净距公路隧道支护时机对围岩稳定性影响研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
随着西部高速公路的大规模建设,受地形和施工场地的限制,小净距隧道已越来越多地在工程实际中使用。由于小净距隧道施工工艺复杂,围岩变形和破坏机理也较为复杂,隧道的施工和支护时机对围岩和支护结构的稳定性影响很大。结合正在施工的沪－蓉－西高速公路漆树槽分岔隧道小净距段的施工特点,开展隧道在不同荷载释放比例下不同支护时机对围岩稳定性影响的研究。研究结果表明：支护越早,衬砌和锚杆承担的荷载越大,围岩的塑性变形和塑性区范围越小。及时施作二次衬砌,可以显著控制岩柱部位的变形,改善围岩的应力状态。研究成果将对同类条件下小净距隧道的施工和设计具有指导意义。 相似文献
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Waterproofing of permanent sprayed concrete tunnel linings with sprayed membranes in a continuous sandwich structure has been attempted since 2000 and has seen increased use in some countries. The main function of a sprayed membrane from a waterproofing perspective is to provide crack bridging and hence prevent flow of liquid water into the tunnel through cracks and imperfections in the concrete material. However, moisture can migrate through the concrete and EVA-based membrane materials by capillary and vapor diffusion mechanisms. These moisture transport mechanisms can have an influence on the degree of saturation, and may influence the pore pressures in the concrete material as well as risk of freeze–thaw damage of the concrete and membrane. The paper describes a detailed study of moisture transport material parameters, moisture condition in tunnel linings and climatic conditions tunnels in hard rock in Norway. These data have been included in a hygrothermal simulation model in the software WUFI for moisture transport to substantiate moisture transport and long-term effects on saturation of the concrete and membrane material. The findings suggest that EVA-based membranes exhibit significant water absorption and vapor transport properties although they are impermeable to liquid water flow. State-of-the-art sprayed concrete material applied with the wet mix method exhibits very low hydraulic conductivities, lower than 10?14 m/s, thus saturated conductive water flow is a very unlikely dominant transport mechanism. Moisture transport through the lining structure by capillary flow and vapor diffusion are calculated to approximately 3 cm3/m2 per day for lining thicknesses in the range of 25–35 cm and seasonal Nordic climate variations. The calculated moisture contents in the tunnel linings from the hygrothermal simulations are largely in agreement with the measured moisture contents in the tunnel linings. The findings also indicate that the concrete material exhibits a reduction of saturation on the immediate inside of the membrane. Near the location of the waterproofing membrane on either side, the concrete material exhibits degrees of capillary saturation between 85 and 95 %. Moisture content in the membrane is found to be consistently in the range of 12–17 % by weight, corresponding to a degree of saturation of 30–35 %. Possible effects of such moisture contents are lower risk of freezing degradation, higher tensile bonding strengths at the membrane interfaces, and a reduced risk of pore pressure in the concrete material. 相似文献
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运用荷载结构模型及有限元分析手段,以新建200km时速城际铁路隧道衬砌为研究对象,分析了围岩弹性抗力对二衬结构受力的影响。随着围岩弹性抗力的增大,拱顶弯矩及拱肩弯矩绝对值、拱顶竖向位移变小,而拱顶轴力及安全系数变大。说明,围岩越坚硬,衬砌结构受力越有利。随着二衬厚度的增大,拱顶弯矩及拱肩弯矩绝对值变大,而拱顶轴力、拱顶竖向位移及安全系数变小。随着混凝土强度等级的提高,拱顶弯矩、拱肩弯矩及安全系数变大,拱顶轴力和拱顶竖向位移变小,但这些量值的变化幅度较小,说明混凝土弹性模量对二衬受力影响很小。 相似文献