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1.
晋煤集团赵庄矿3号煤层为高瓦斯煤层,瓦斯抽采难度大,存在煤与瓦斯突出的安全隐患,防治水方面还存在底板带压开采问题,严重制约了矿井安全高效生产。通过提出保护层开采方案,先期开采下伏8-1号薄煤层,释放3号煤层应力,增加煤层透气性,同时制定8-1号煤带压开采的防治水技术策略,最终实现了3号煤瓦斯安全疏放抽采,防治水工作顺利开展,对同时存在高瓦斯和承压水上采煤问题的类似矿井具有指导意义。 相似文献
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Numerical simulations for coupled rock deformation and gas leak flow in parallel coal seams 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Peide Sun> 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2004,22(1):1-17
Based on the new viewpoint of interaction mechanics for solid and gas, gas leakage in parallel deformable coal seams can be
understood. That is, under the action of varied geophysical fields, the methane gas flow in a double deformable coal seam
can be essentially considered to be compressible with time-dependent and mixed permeation and diffusion through a pore-cleat
deformable, heterogeneous and anisotropic medium. From this new viewpoint, coupled mathematical models for coal seam deformation
and gas leak flow in parallel coal seams were formulated and the numerical simulations for slow gas emission from the parallel
coal seams are presented. It is found that coupled models might be close to reality. Meanwhile, a coupled model for solid
deformation and gas leak flow can be applied to the problems of gas leak flow including mining engineering, gas drainage engineering
and mining safety engineering in particular the prediction of the safe range using protective layer mining where coal and
gas outbursts can efficiently be prevented.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
4.
针对黄陇侏罗纪煤田中硬煤层渗透性差、瓦斯抽采浓度及流量衰减速度快等问题,利用自主研发的水力压裂成套工艺设备,提出煤层定向长钻孔水力压裂瓦斯高效抽采技术,并在黄陇煤田黄陵二号煤矿进行工程应用试验。现场共完成5个定向长钻孔钻探施工,单孔孔深240~285 m,总进尺1 320 m;采用整体压裂工艺对5个本煤层钻孔进行压裂施工,累计压裂液用量1 557.5 m3,单孔最大泵注压力19 MPa;压裂后单孔瓦斯抽采浓度及百米抽采纯量分别提升0.7~20.5倍、1.7~9.8倍;相比于普通钻孔,压裂孔瓦斯初始涌出强度提升2.1倍,钻孔瓦斯流量衰减系数降低39.6%。试验结果表明:采取水力压裂增透措施后,瓦斯抽采效果得到显著提升,煤层瓦斯可抽采性增加,为类似矿区低渗煤层瓦斯高效抽采提供了技术支撑。 相似文献
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韩城矿区碎软煤层发育,煤层透气性差,本煤层钻孔钻进困难,瓦斯抽采效果差。顶板梳状孔水力压裂技术结合了水力压裂技术和定向钻进技术二者的优势,是解决碎软低渗煤层瓦斯抽采难题的有效技术途径。在韩城矿区王峰煤矿3号煤层顶板粉砂岩中施工长钻孔并向煤层开分支,采用套管+封隔器座封的整体压裂方式进行水力压裂工程试验。钻孔总长度344 m,有效压裂长度284 m,累计注水量874.79 m3,最大泵注压力9.4 MPa。试验结束后对钻孔瓦斯抽采相关参数连续监测86 d,钻孔瓦斯抽采体积分数27%~51%,平均42.11%,钻孔瓦斯抽采纯量8.25~21.41 m3/min,平均17.02 m3/min,钻孔累计抽采瓦斯量约210万m3。与常规的穿层钻孔水力冲孔技术相比,该技术百米钻孔瓦斯抽采量提高了11.48倍,初步证明了该技术在碎软煤层瓦斯强化抽采领域的适用性。 相似文献
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During hydraulic fracturing in gassy coal seams, the gas concentration in mining path ways is found to increase significantly. This phenomenon should be the displacement methane effect caused by hydraulic fracturing. Does this effect exist objectively? To this end, laboratory and field verification experiments were carried out. An experimental system integrated with true triaxial hydraulic fracturing, seepage, and displacement gas was developed. The largest sample size was 500?×?500?×?500 mm3. Proper sealing was assured in the experimental system, and the effects of coal bed methane were simulated effectively. Methane at a specific pressure was injected into a sealed coal sample. After pressure stabilization and the methane adsorption reached its equilibrium level, the high-pressure water was injected into the coal sample from the surface. Absorbed methane in the coal sample was displaced from the bottom of the coal by water pressure seepage. After the conduction of deep borehole hydraulic fracturing in a high gassy coal seam, the gas was displaced inward and outward from the main fracture section. The permeability, diffusion, and transfer of the gas resulted in a region of increased methane content in both sides of the main fracture section. And the methane content in the main fracture section was decreased. Along the length of the borehole, the methane content changed significantly. The existence of displaced methane caused by hydraulic fracturing in gassy coal seams was first verified by laboratory experiments and then field tests. The pore-pressure gradient provides power for driving methane by hydraulic fracturing. The amount of desorbed methane resulted from the competitive adsorption of water and methane is more than that of the absorbed methane resulted from increased methane pressure, which provides material guarantee for displacing methane by hydraulic fracturing. The displacement methane caused by hydraulic fracturing in gassy coal seams was also found to be time dependent. 相似文献
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松软煤层钻孔在钻进及抽采瓦斯过程中,容易发生钻孔形变、缩径、坍塌甚至堵孔等工程问题,造成瓦斯钻孔成孔率低、密封性差、服务时间短及瓦斯抽采阻力大等抽采问题。针对上述技术难题,基于松软煤层的构造演化过程,分析了自重应力、构造应力、采动应力及瓦斯应力等因素对松软煤层瓦斯钻孔稳定性的影响,得出了松软煤层钻孔的多应力耦合作用失稳机制。同时,针对松软煤层瓦斯钻孔失稳规律,提出以护孔为基础,自适应动态密封为关键的"护-封"一体化松软煤层瓦斯钻孔密封技术。工程试验结果表明,该技术可使单孔瓦斯抽采体积分数增加至90%以上,单孔瓦斯体积分数提高2~3倍,且抽采浓度稳定。 相似文献
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煤层气井多煤层合采效果研究为煤炭安全、井下瓦斯治理、确定开发技术指标、单井配产、合理划分开发层系、煤层气高效开发以及制定中长期煤层气开发规划具有很好的参考价值。以晋城成庄矿区为例,将开发中后期排采效果检验井含气量等数据与邻近井原始含气量进行对比,分析3、9和15煤各煤层含气量在合层排采后的变化特征,以评价排采效果;并结合地质资料及现场排采动态进一步分析影响各煤层排采效果的主控因素。综合分析认为,成庄矿区经过多年地面煤层气多层合采,下部15号煤层比上部3号和9号煤层含气量降低更快。分析其原因认为成庄矿区15号煤层含气量降低较快的主要影响因素包括煤层渗透率、供液能力、储层压力及排采制度等。研究结果为剩余储量预测提供可靠的科学依据。 相似文献
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Coal seam gas (CSG) is an increasingly important source of natural gas all over the world. Although the influence of conventional oil and gas extraction on surface subsidence has been widely recognized and studied, few studies are carried out on the surface subsidence in coal seam gas fields and its impact on surface infrastructure and the environment. This paper discusses modelling of the surface subsidence associated with coal seam gas production by applying both analytical and numerical methods. By comparison of results from the numerical model and two analytical models, i.e. the disc-shaped reservoir model and the uniaxial compaction model, the analytical solutions cannot describe the complex process of water and gas extraction and have the limitations to predict the surface subsidence, while the numerical model can be better used in prediction of subsidence. After applying the numerical model in numerical analysis, the deformation characteristics of coupled fluid flow, and the effects of permeability change of coal seam, associated overlying and underlying layers, and depressurization rates on surface subsidence are investigated. The results demonstrate that the proposed model can simulate the production of water and gas from coal seams and the associated surface subsidence. 相似文献
11.
Xiang Cheng Guangming Zhao Yingming Li Xiangrui Meng Chunliang Dong Zenghui Liu 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(12):326
In the absence of a suitable coal seam to serve as the protective seam in deep mining, an innovative solution of using the soft rock seam as the protective seam mining has been put forward. Taking the Luling Coal Mine as the engineering background, theoretical analysis and similar simulation experiment were conducted to study the key technologies used in soft rock protective seam (SRPS) mining. This included the characteristics of the pressure-relief gas source and accumulation zone, and the pressure-relief gas extraction of the protected seam. The results show that after mining the SRPS, the pressure-relief gas rushing out of nearby coal seams has become the major gas source in SRPS mining. An omni-directional stereo pressure-relief gas extraction system was developed, which consisted of techniques such as buried pipes in the goaf, ground extraction wells, intercepting boreholes, and seam-crossing boreholes. During the investigation, the total pressure-relief gas extraction flow amounted to 29.5 m3/min, and the gas pre-extraction rate reached 66.6% for the overlying protected seams (seams 8 and 9). The investigation into the protective effects in the cut hole showed that the maximal gas pressure and content were 0.35 MPa and 4.87 m3/t, respectively. This indicated that drilling extraction boreholes in the gas accumulation zone played a key role in obtaining an improved pressure-relief gas extraction effect. Further, these findings suggested that SRPS mining (in combination with omni-directional stereo pressure-relief gas extraction technology) could turn dangerous coal seams into ones with much less gas content, and hence free from gas outburst. 相似文献
12.
淮北芦岭煤矿为高瓦斯突出矿井,煤层碎软低渗,瓦斯抽采困难。应用“十二五”期间开发的紧邻煤层顶板水平井分段压裂煤层气高效抽采技术,试验井已取得产气突破。为了深入分析评价地面煤层气抽采对煤矿瓦斯灾害的防治效果,基于目标煤层特征,分析煤层顶板水平井的产气规律,利用产能数值模拟技术,对生产井数据进行了历史拟合,在此基础上,进行水平井产能预测,分析水平井抽采过程中煤层气含量和储层压力变化趋势。结果表明:水平井抽采影响范围主要为裂缝和近井筒区域,井筒-裂缝系统外部区域受影响较小;水平井影响范围随抽采时间的延长逐渐增大,预测1、3、5、8、10 a的影响面积分别为0.113、0.193、0.242、0.311、0.350 km2;随着水平井抽采时间的延长,剩余含气量和储层压力逐渐降低,预测水平井抽采5 a,水平井控制范围内瓦斯含量最低可降至2.86 m3/t,平均可降至4.2 m3/t,降低50.6%。储层压力最低可降至0.85 MPa,平均可降至2.30 MPa,降低66.2%。煤层顶板水平井技术对煤层气开发和瓦斯灾害防治效果显著,是实现碎软低渗煤层瓦斯地面预抽的有效手段。 相似文献
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为研究沁水盆地东北部煤层气成藏特征与产出控制因素,基于寺家庄区块煤层气勘探和生产资料,从地质构造、煤厚与煤层结构、埋深和水文地质特征等方面研究了煤层含气性影响因素,并结合压裂排采工艺和煤体结构等因素探讨了煤层气井产能控制因素。结果表明:(1) 研究区煤储层含气性受构造影响较大,在褶皱的轴部及旁侧构造挤压带,多呈现出高含气量,尤其是向斜轴部。在陷落柱和水文地质条件叠加作用下,15号煤层含气量整体较8、9号煤层低,且8、9号煤层含气饱和度也整体高于15号煤层。(2) 8、9和15号煤层含气性均表现出随煤层埋深增加而增大的趋势,但随埋深增加,构造应力和地温场的作用逐渐增强,存在含气量随埋深变化的“临界深度”(700 m左右)。煤层含气性也表现出随煤层厚度增加而增大的趋势,煤层结构越简单,煤层含气性越好。(3) 研究区中部的NNE?NE向褶皱与EW向构造叠加地区,因较大的构造曲率和相对松弛的区域地应力,具备较好渗透率条件和含气性,故成为煤层气高产区。(4) 发育多煤层地区采用分压合采技术可以有效增加产气量,多煤层可以提供煤层气井高产能的充足气源,且多个层位的同时排水降压可使不同煤储层气体产出达到产能叠加,实现长期稳产,含气性较好及游离气可能存在的区域可出现长期持续高产井。 相似文献
14.
Gas outburst disasters and the mining technology of key protective seam in coal seam group in the Huainan coalfield 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Coal and gas outburst disasters in coal seams are becoming more serious as coal mines extend deeper underground in China. To aid gas control in high-gas outburst coal seam group, this study performed research based on the geological conditions of the Xinzhuangzi coal mine in the Huainan coalfield. The laws of gas occurrence, the strength of the coal outburst, and the regional partition were studied. Simultaneously, we introduced the key protective seam mining technology and confirmed the mining sequence of coal seam groups. The results indicate that (1) each seam absorbs gas well, and the currently measured gas content is up to 15.0 m3/t. (2) Although some differences about coal seams outburst intensity remain, the differences in the same group are very small. (3) The coal seam B10 was chosen as the key protective seam and was mined first; then adjacent seams were mined from bottom to top by layer within the roof of B10 and from top-to-bottom within the floor of B10 to guarantee each adjacent coal seam received the good effects of pressure-relief and increasing permeability. (4) The main methods of gas extraction in each protected seam are surface boreholes and net-like penetrating boreholes in the floor roadway, and related technical parameters were determined according to the degree of pressure-relief in coal seam. This in situ experiment indicates a method aiding the gas control problem and guaranteeing safe and highly efficient exploitation of high-gas outburst seams. 相似文献
15.
晋城矿区王坡井田地面瓦斯抽采效果差,为了查明原因,指导今后地面抽采工程施工,将研究区煤层气资源赋存条件与抽采效果较好的临近成庄井田进行了对比分析,并对排采井水质进行检测,同时在井下进行压裂裂缝形态观测。综合分析认为,煤层瓦斯资源丰度和储层条件是影响王坡井田抽采效果的主要内在基础因素;大量发育的陷落柱破坏了煤层气封闭条件并增强了地下水的补给,造成抽采井的排水降压难度大;井下裂缝观测表明,压裂裂缝顺煤层与顶板弱应力面水平延展,导致储层压裂改造效果欠佳。建议加强对研究区的瓦斯赋存分布特征及陷落柱发育规模深入研究,以指导后期地面井瓦斯抽采工程施工。 相似文献
16.
Hai-tao Sun Xu-sheng Zhao Ri-hu Li Hong-wei Jin Dongling Sun 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(9):336
Windblown methane is an important gas resulting in atmospheric greenhouse effect. Therefore, reduction in windblown methane is one of the important measures to mitigate atmospheric greenhouse effect. In China, weak coal seam of low permeability is common in coal mines, so it is beset with difficulties to decrease the methane emission rate by means of gas drainage from the virgin coal seam, further to decrease the windblown mine gas. Utilizing the pressure relief and permeability and fluidity improvement effect in coal mining an approach to release methane emission through surface borehole was established, for example establishing a comprehensive deformation fracture model of surface borehole in extraction area based on quantitative rule of overlying rock movement in pit and forming a technology to select the surface borehole arrangement site in extraction area on the basis of deformation of bore frame structure and distribution characteristics of extraction flow field. And optimization technology of shape and structure of surface borehole in extraction area on the basis of ultimate stress analysis of surface borehole casing was given. The technology overcomes effectively the problem that surface borehole casing is vulnerable to premature fracture due to impact of strata movement on the surface borehole, and further increases the drainage result of the surface borehole. The technology has been test in China Shanxi Jincheng Sihe Coal Mine, achieving good results, including 12,000 Nm3/d pure methane drainage rate from single borehole, 85% methane concentration and 1.1 million Nm3 accumulative methane drainage, which demonstrate practicability and advanced performance of the technology. 相似文献
17.
Hao Yan Jixiong Zhang Nan Zhou Sheng Zhang Xiangjian Dong 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2018,77(12):458
Solid backfill coal mining is a mainstream method in green coal mining, which has gradually become a key technology to control shaft deformation when recovering industrial square pillars during mining of ultra-contiguous coal seams. On the basis of the engineering background of Nantun Coal Mine, this paper combined physical simulation, numerical simulation, and theoretical analysis for studying shaft deformation, failure characteristics, and stress variation rules during the mining of ultra-contiguous coal seams. The results revealed that shaft deformation and failure were the results of the movement of strata caused by coal mining; in addition, the backfill body compression ratios in two adjacent coal seams were the key factors in shaft deformation control during the mining of ultra-contiguous coal seams. Moreover, the effects of the backfill body compression ratios on shaft deformation in ultra-contiguous coal seam mining were simulated by ABAQUS, and the optimal compression ratios of backfill body in two coal seams were determined. Finally, based on the probability-integral method, the vertical compressive deformation and the inclined deformation of shaft were estimated and the results showed that the shaft safety and stability at ultra-contiguous coal seam mining can be provided when the backfill body compression ratios of 3upper and 3lower coal seams were set at 85%. 相似文献
18.
晋城矿区寺河井田3号煤层经多年的煤矿开采,形成了大面积的采空区,大面积的卸压提高了下组煤(9号、15号)的渗透率,但由于采空区阻隔和煤层气地面预抽技术的局限,致使下组煤煤层气尚未得到有效抽采。为保证煤矿的安全生产和产能的释放,结合采空区特征,采用过采空区钻完井及压裂工艺新技术,分析施工参数及后期产能情况,评价过采空区抽采下组煤煤层气技术的应用效果。结果表明:地面钻井开发过采空区下组煤煤层气资源时,应首先进行井位优选及井身结构优化,以保证钻井的成功率;采用氮气置换套管钻井工艺及低压易漏注浆加固等穿采空区钻完井技术,不仅可以有效降低采空区煤层气自燃甚至爆炸风险,而且保证了穿采空区段固井质量;优化采空区下组煤层压裂施工参数并设计不同井位的煤层气井压裂工艺,有效扩展裂缝长度,同时也避免了“压穿”等压裂事故发生;精细化排采管控措施可以有效扩大泄流半径,提高单井产能。现场一百余口过采空区煤层气井排采实践表明,单井最高产气量达到8 832 m3/d,日均产气量达到2 694 m3,验证了过采空区抽采下组煤煤层气技术可行,可推广应用。 相似文献
19.
Although it is a well-accepted belief in the petroleum industry that horizontal well productivity can be limited by the pressure drop within the wellbore, little has been reported regarding how this pressure drop affects gas extraction from a coal seam and its further effects on mitigating coal and gas outburst dangers in coal. One of the major reasons for this scarcity is that the pressure-drop distribution in horizontal drainage boreholes is difficult to obtain. In this study, measurements of pressure drops in 54 drainage boreholes were performed in the No. 21 coal seam, which is the primary mining layer of Jiulishan Mine and poses a strong danger of coal and gas outbursts. Next, a coupled governing finite-element model, which includes the pressure drop in the borehole, Darcy flow in fractures, gas diffusion in the matrix blocks, and the dynamic evolution of the permeability of coal, was developed and implemented using a finite-element method to quantify the pressure-drop effects. Field tests of the pressure drops indicate that the pressure increases in a parabolic form with the increasing depth of the borehole, and lower outer end pressure is associated with larger pressure increments. The numerical results indicate that the pressure drop does affect the coal seam gas extraction, the pressure around the borehole increases with increasing borehole depth, and the increment of the pressure becomes larger when the borehole’s drainage effect is enhanced. However, the impact is small and can be ignored in engineering. 相似文献
20.
针对我国低透气性煤层普遍存在瓦斯抽采效果差的现状,提出了利用大直径长钻孔水力压裂对煤层进行增透的技术措施,探讨了长钻孔水力压裂增透机理,并进行了煤矿井下煤层水力压裂瓦斯抽采试验。在成功施工顺层长钻孔的基础上,研发了一套适合井下水力压裂施工的快速封孔工具组合,分析了压裂过程中参数变化规律,提出了水力压裂影响范围、压裂效果和瓦斯抽采效果评价方法,并进行了考察和评价。研究表明:该技术克服了传统井下水力压裂存在的封孔质量差、压裂影响范围小等问题,压裂后煤层透气性系数提高了2.67倍,压裂最大影响半径达到了58 m,压裂后连续抽采130 d累计抽采纯瓦斯量为31.39万m3,日最高抽采量2 668 m3,瓦斯体积分数平均70.05%,百米钻孔瓦斯抽采纯量达到0.55 m3/min。 相似文献