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1.
The Hutubi MS6.2 earthquake occurred on December 8, 2016, in Hutubi County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, causing three people injured. The earthquake effected areas mainly included 25 townships and towns, plus Hutubi County and Manas County in Changji, Hutubi and Manas. The total effected area is 12,450km2. In this paper, we summarize the seismo-tectonic background and geomorphic features of the earthquake zone. Under the guidance of the standard "The Earthquake Site Works-Parts 4:Assessment of Direct Loss", the damage to buildings and lifeline systems with various structural types are introduced, and we ultimately estimate the direct economic losses to mud-wood houses and the destruction of brick-wood houses. Our results indicate that "The Urban and Rural Seismic Safe Housing Project" played a key role in reducing this earthquake disaster. 相似文献
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在2016年新西兰凯库拉MW 7.8地震中,北东—北东东向科科仁古断裂水平右旋位移量最大,为10—12m;北北西—近南北向帕帕提断裂垂直位移量最大,达到5—6m。对直接坐落在这2条地震地表破裂带或变形带之上的建筑物的破坏现场调查表明,尽管房屋出现歪斜,但上部主体部分基本完整,没有出现倒塌或部分倒塌现象,避免了人员伤亡。在无法回避活动断裂及其大震危险性的情况下,隔震系统的广泛采用可以有效地提高建筑物抵御地震灾害的能力。此次地震触发了数万个滑坡体,最大滑坡体可达数百万立方米。对沃罗村北边2处边坡失稳地带的考察结果表明,针对该地至少从2个方面进行了考虑和处置:一是在选址上,避开了突出山嘴等高陡坡地带;二是在房屋正对的山坡地带,种植或保护了茂密的树木,这既增加了山体的稳定性,又可以在地震中有效地减缓崩塌的石块对房屋的冲击。对比中国中东部一些大震,如1976年唐山7.8级地震和2008年汶川8.0级地震中触目惊心的巨大人员伤亡和财产损失,即使在人口密度与滑坡规模上存在明显不同,对新西兰凯库拉地震灾害现场的考察结果,还是在如何有效抵御地震灾害方面给我们提供了很好的启示。 相似文献
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LIU Jun SHUAI Xianghu HONG Zhonghu TAN Ming ZHAO Shuo YAO Yuan ZHANG Meng LI Shijie 《中国地震研究》2020,34(2):296-306
In this paper, the tilt photography data acquisition and three-dimensional modeling of the Tashkurgan MS5.5 earthquake in Xinjiang are conducted using the tilt photography system of the Rotor UAV. The three-dimensional model is used to interpret the earthquake damage on buildings in the mega-earthquake area in order to acquire different-level house damage in the Kuzirun village disaster area. In addition, the characteristics of seismic damage on typical buildings are analyzed. The results show that the main collapsed houses in the mega-earthquake area are sand-stone buildings, of which about 39% are sand-stone buildings. Several brick-wood buildings and brick-concrete buildings are seriously damaged, while the buildings with frame structures are mainly slightly damaged, and the houses near the macro-epicenter of the earthquake are all in good conditions. Three-dimensional tilt photography technology can vividly display the scene of earthquake disaster, and can provide significant demonstration in building damage degree together with detailed analysis of disaster situation. 相似文献
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2022年1月8日青海门源县发生6.9级地震,此次地震前青海地区出现了大量地球物理观测异常。2021年10月下旬青海地区出现地磁垂直强度极化高值异常,10月27日异常台站最多,并在门源-祁连至兴海地区形成一个面积约为6.6×104km2的高值异常区;此外,2021年7—11月青海地区8项地下流体观测数据出现准同步异常变化。结合青海及周边地区历史震例的分析结果,认为2021年11月23日至2022年1月23日,青海西北部地磁垂直强度极化高值区内可能发生5.6～6.4级地震。门源6.9级地震发生在地磁垂直强度极化异常出现后的73天,震中位于预测区的边缘,地震的发生时间和地点与预测意见一致,但震级超出预测意见上限值0.5级。此次地震前基于地球物理观测地震预测指标体系开展的短临异常跟踪分析过程,对中国大陆西部地震预报工作具有一定的参考意义。 相似文献
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2019年2月2日新疆塔城市发生MS5.2地震，根据现场震害调查确定本次地震极震区烈度为Ⅵ度。地震造成震中附近20世纪八、九十年代建造的个别土木结构房屋出现中等程度以上破坏，少数轻微破坏(含旧裂缝加宽)，多数基本完好；其他结构类型房屋多数基本完好。本次地震震级小、有感范围广，震区土木结构房屋缺少抗震措施、年久失修、地基处理不当是造成房屋出现破坏的主要原因。综合分析等震线分布及深部构造特征，初步判定本次地震发震构造为塔克台断裂向塔城盆地迁移、扩展的隐伏断裂。 相似文献
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地震造成人员死亡主要是由房屋毁坏和次生灾害引起的。2013年7月22日甘肃岷县漳县发生MS6.6地震,造成95人死亡、2014人受伤,灾区民房破坏严重,重灾区房屋毁坏比达36.59%;同时震前不断降雨和地震的耦合作用,诱发大量滑坡、崩塌等地质灾害,给灾区人民生命财产带来严重损失。本文通过对灾区不同类型结构房屋破坏情况、常驻人口、死亡人数、死亡地点及原因、地形地貌和地质灾害的调研,获得大量准确的基础资料;分析得到这次地震人员死亡特点和重灾区不同类型结构房屋的破坏比;利用重灾区9个行政村死亡人数和房屋毁坏比数据,进行多元线性回归拟合,得出房屋毁坏比与人员致死性关系,同时运用不同烈度区内房屋毁坏比数据和人口数据进行验证。结果表明:用此关系计算得到的总死亡人数比实际死亡人数多16人,总误差率为17.02%。 相似文献
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利用山东台网记录的长岛震群2017年2月14日—9月1日期间的波形与震相资料研究长岛地区非弹性衰减系数,得到该地区介质平均Q值与频率f的关系式为Q(f)=363.9f1.374 1。采用Moya等[1]提出的利用遗传算法联合反演得到长岛周边台站的场地响应,根据Brune模型震源参数计算公式求解长岛震群序列地震震源参数。结果显示,各个震源参数之间均存在一定的相关关系,地震矩随ML震级的增大而增加,地震矩与破裂半径R之间存在半对数关系,拐角频率fc随地震矩的增大而减少;长岛地震序列的应力降数值普遍偏小,最大不超过0.9MPa,这意味着长岛震源区整体构造应力较低,也可能指示长岛震群为低摩擦应力的断层作用;震源参数随时间的变化方面,整体而言,长岛震群地震应力降变化起伏很大,在M4.1地震发生前,拐角频率与应力降均发生快速下降后随即翻转上升的现象,证明在M4.1地震发生前震源区整体应力的挤压逐渐增强。 相似文献
12.
An M=6.0 earthquake occurred on February 23, 2001 in the western Sichuan Province, China. The macro seismic epicenter situated
in the high mountain-narrow valley region between Yajiang and Kangding counties. According to field investigation in the region,
the intensity of epicentral area reached VIII and the areas with intensity VIII, VII and VI are 180 km2, 1 472 km2 and 3 998 km2, respectively. The isoseismals are generally in elliptic shape with major axis trending near N-S direction. The earthquake
destroyed many buildings and produced some phenomena of ground failure and mountainous disasters in the area with intensity
VIII. This event may be resulted from long-term activities of the Litang fault and Yunongxi fault, two main faults in the
western Sichuan. The movements between the main faults made the crust stress adjusted and concentrated, and finally the earthquake
on a secondary fault in the block released a quite large energy. 相似文献
13.
The spatial damage distribution of August 16, 2003, Inner Mongolia, China, M
S=5.9 earthquake is summarized through field investigation. The moment tensor solution and focal mechanism are inverted using
the digital long-period waveform records of China Digital Seismograph Network (CDSN). The relation between the spatial damage
distribution and focal mechanism is analyzed according to the focal mechanism, the aftershock distribution and the spatial
damage distribution. The possible relation between the characteristics of ground motion and the tectonic background of the
source region is discussed in terms of the global ground motion records, historical earthquake documents and the damage distribution.
Investigation reveals that the meizoseismal region is in east-west direction, which is consistent with the nodal plane of
focal mechanism inversion. The meizoseismal area is relatively large and the damage of single-story adobe houses or masonry
houses is more severe. This may have relations with local seismotectonic environment.
Foundation item: The Special Funds for Major State Basic Research Project (2002CB412706).
Contribution No. 05FE3009, Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration. 相似文献
14.
以中国静止气象卫星亮温资料为数据基础,使用小波变换和功率谱估计法研究2022年1月8日门源M6.9地震前的热辐射异常,并对祁连带中东段以往震例的热辐射异常作回溯性研究。门源6.9级地震的热辐射异常发展过程可分为3个阶段：初始演化阶段、增强持续阶段、减弱消失阶段。面积最大时强辐射区的面积约为8万km~2,地震发生在其西北部。相对功率谱峰值为平均值的17倍,地震发生在峰值后82天。大面积、高强度的热辐射状态持续时间长是此次异常的显著特点。祁连带中东段的几次地震前均出现过热辐射异常,其特征可为该区震情判定不断积累经验,以期形成可作为判定指标的区域震例库。 相似文献
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2018年9月4日新疆伽师发生MS5.5地震,震中处于塔里木地块西北缘,位于1997~1998年伽师强震群震区内。此次伽师地震前发生了MS4.7前震,截至9月30日最大余震震级为MS4.6（ML5.0）,初步判定为前-主-余型地震序列。序列精定位结果显示,余震沿近NE向展布,主震震源深度与1997~1998年伽师强震主震基本一致,发震断层陡立。本文从区域的构造环境、地震震源机制解和余震分布特征等方面分析认为,地震发生在伽师隐伏断裂东南端部,为1997~1998年伽师强震群震区的一次新的构造活动。序列参数、视应力等计算结果显示,伽师MS5.5地震的预测最大余震震级与最大余震震级MS4.6接近,表明序列最大余震已经发生。 相似文献
16.
MA Haiping WANG Qian ZHANG Bo WU Shanyi WANG Pengtao DOU Xiying LI Minjuan 《中国地震研究》2020,34(2):210-218
To study the crustal movement in the vicinity of the epicenter before the Zhangye MS5.0 earthquake in 2019, the characteristics of crustal deformation before the earthquake are discussed through the GPS velocity field analysis based on the CMONOC data observed from GPS. The baseline time series between two continuous GPS stations and the strain time series of an area among several stations are analyzed in the epicenter area. The resulting time series of baseline azimuth around the epicenter reflects that the energy of the fault in the northern margin of Qilian Mountain is accumulated continuously before 2017. Besides, the movement trend of azimuth slows down after 2017, indicating the stress accumulation on both sides of the seismogenic fault zone has reached a certain degree. The first shear strain and EW-direction linear strain in the epicentral area of the Zhangye MS5.0 earthquake remain steady after 2017, and the surface strain rate decreases gradually after 2016. It is illustrated that there is an obvious deformation loss at the epicentral region three years before the earthquake, indicating that a certain degree of strain energy is accumulated in this area before the earthquake. 相似文献
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1654年甘肃天水南8级地震补充考证 总被引：9，自引：3，他引：6
简要回顾了1654年天水南8级地震的研究历史,结合原有史料和新补充调查所获得的资料,核定了各破坏点的地震烈度,进而改绘了地震等震线图,其长轴方向为NE向。此次地震除造成大范围的城垣毁坏、房屋倒塌和人员伤亡之外,滑坡、山崩和堰塞湖等地震地质灾害也非常严重。其极震区位于礼县以东的西汉水河谷永兴镇—罗家堡—天水镇一带。该区发育了全新世活动的礼县—罗家堡断裂,其性质为左旋走滑兼正断。根据最新调查结果,该断裂沿礼县—盐关—罗家堡一带保存了地震陡坎、纹沟左旋和地震沟槽等地震地表破裂带形迹,其地理位置与历史资料考证所确定的极震区范围一致,印证了二者结论的可靠性和合理性。 相似文献
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使用谱比法计算得到四川长宁地区2018年12月至2019年7月期间442个地震的震源参数,并进一步分析了震源参数之间的相互关系及应力降的时空分布特征。研究区的地震活动主要集中在长宁背斜核部和南部建武向斜页岩气开采区。研究结果显示,该地区ML1.3~4.7地震的应力降位于0.02~7.26MPa范围内,超过90%的地震应力降小于2MPa,应力降总体呈现随震级增大而增大的趋势,但与震源深度的关系并不明显。长宁MS6.0地震发生之前,震源区地震的应力降总体处于较低水平,主震发生之后,短期内余震的应力降较高,随后快速衰减。这些高应力降地震空间上主要集中在长宁余震区的西北段,也是余震强度较大、发生了几次MS>5.0强余震的位置。建武向斜页岩气开采区地震的应力降总体略低于长宁背斜地区,但差异并不显著。 相似文献
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A temporal and spatial change of codaQ
–1 associated with the occurrence of the North Palm Springs earthquake of July 8, 1986 was studied by using 242 small local earthquakes in the vicinity of the mainshock. We found that the codaQ
–1 of earthquakes which occurred before the mainshock was significantly higher than that of the aftershocks in the mainshock area while the codaQ
–1 for the surrounding area remained almost constant throughout 1986. CodaQ
–1 was determined separately for the lapse time windows of 10 to 20 sec. and 15 to 40 sec. for the period from 1981 to 1987. The result for the time window 10 to 20 sec. showed a peak in codaQ
–1 before the time of mainshock at all frequencies. The peak appeared earlier at lower frequencies. There was no significant change in codaQ
–1 for the time window 15 to 40 sec., probably because the change was restricted to a small area. 相似文献
20.
1936年4月1日广西灵山县平山镇东南罗阳山附近发生M6(3/4)地震,该地震是华南大陆自有地震记载以来发生的最大地震。本研究收集整理了灵山M6(3/4)地震的地质资料、活动断层探测最新成果等,选取适当的研究区域,利用随机振动有限断层模型计算区域内网格点的峰值加速度(PGA)及峰值速度(PGV)等参数,并且加入浅层横波速度结构Vs30对地震动参数的影响,最终得到此次地震的地震动分布并分析了地震动特征。本研究将模拟结果与野外调查烈度数据和地震动衰减关系进行对比,结果显示模拟结果与调查烈度值和衰减关系在整体衰减特征、极震区的分布等方面均符合较好,模拟结果可为该地区未来地震危害性评估提供依据。本研究所使用的方法流程亦可应用于本地区地震烈度速报,为震后应急救援及决策指挥提供帮助。 相似文献