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设计速度传感反馈地震计的新方案新思路 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在深入分析研究了速度传感反馈地震计传统设计方案的基础上，提出了技术性能更优的传递函数两步实现方案。两步方案为反馈环路设计带来的巨大灵活性，又促使我们跳出传统的“延长周期”模式的思路束缚，提出了单纯阻尼反馈环的设计新思路。理论计算表明，两步方案与阻尼环结合的设计可以使速度传感反馈地震计的技术性能达到更高境界。反馈深度大、环路稳定性好，动态范围大和极点稳性高使它明显优于传统设计方案。 相似文献
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对于近断层处高烈度区高层剪力墙结构，传统设计难以解决墙体太厚、配筋太大等难题。为研究在考虑近断层影响下高烈度区剪力墙住宅采用隔震设计的技术可行性，采用隔震设计对某剪力墙结构工程进行全面分析。对比分析常规剪力墙结构方案及增设橡胶隔震支座的隔震方案，分析结果表明，隔震方案较常规方案前3阶结构自振周期延长约3倍，从而有效减小了上部结构的地震作用；在设防烈度地震作用下，结构水平向减震系数为0.281，上部结构所受水平地震作用和抗震措施可按降低一度进行设计；罕遇地震作用下隔震支座性能稳定，上部结构基本处于弹性工作状态。研究结论可为隔震支座设计和进一步研究提供参考。 相似文献
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行包CT安检设备针对行包进行螺旋扫描和定点扫描检查,输送系统是其重要的组成部分。输送系统运行的平稳性和准确性,直接影响着扫描图像的质量和违禁物品的图像采集。本文阐述了研发CT安检设备专用输送系统的必要性及亟待解决的若干技术难点,并简要论述了针对以上难点设计的一款采用内置伺服电机和同步带方式传动、进给速度可控、定位精度高、模块化设计的新型输送系统。此系统大力支持行包CT安检设备的整机设计,保证了整机系统功能的顺利实现。 相似文献
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核电站在设计基准期因地震可能引起的破坏与核电站抗震性能设计水准的高低有直接的关系。美国土木工程协会(ASCE)根据美国能源部门对电站在自然灾害下的设计理论做进一步的研究,提出了ASCE 43-05规范的设计方法。该方法运用了成熟的概率地震危险性分析和地震易损性分析基本原理,提出了基于性能目标的设计方法。由于我国还缺少这方面的研究,故系统推导了该方法,并给出了参数变化时该方法的两个性能目标达到的程度。另外,评估核电站结构、系统和组件(SSC)的高置信低失效(HCLPF)是目前评估核电站的主要指标,研究了ASCE 43-05规范设计方法的HCLPF值,得出了该方法在不同条件下满足性能目标的要求,和具备高置信低失效的要求。最后,进行了算例验证和计算分析,为今后我国核电站的设计提供技术参考。 相似文献
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应用多年的实测资料，分析了曹娥江河口高水位成因，结果表明，曹娥江河口洪水位具有山溪性和可冲性的特点，人类活动对高水位有较大影响。应用统计分析法和成因分析法抢求1％设计高水位、讨论了成因分析法上、下边界条件的选取，其选取原则对其他潮汐河口确定设计高水位具有借鉴意义。 相似文献
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介绍了用于海底地震监测的数字波形记录仪的设计、实施及其特征。该套系统能够同时采集4个高分辨率信号,并且能够登录闪存库。由于非常精细的体系结构的设计和利用强大的数字信号处理技术,两个相互冲突的主要问题已经得到解决:通过使用转换器获得高能量,同时获得优于120dB的高动态范围和低至250mW的功耗,因此可以很轻松地将海底地震仪在海底监测时间提高到3个月。 相似文献
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锥束扫描三维CT及其工程应用 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
目的介绍了作者基于非晶硅面阵探测器开展的3D-CT(Three dimensional Computed Tomography)及基于ICT(Industrial Computed Tomography)的逆向工程技术(RE-Reverse Engineering)研究.方法与资料利用具有高分辨率、高灵敏度、高动态范围的非晶硅面阵探测器,开展锥束扫描3D-CT研究,采用Feldkamp型三维重建算法,即利用锥束射线回转扫描得到的二维数字投影序列重建被扫描区域的断层图像.在小锥角情况下,重建质量可以与二维CT相媲美;对三维重建得到的CT图像进行相应的图像、图形处理,获取实物内外表面轮廓数据,并将其输入CAD设计平台,逆求出实物原型的CAD模型.结论 320KV和9MeV高、低能射线下的重建指标:空间分辨率为2.0~3.0Lp/mm;密度分辨率为0.3%;基于3D-CT的RE技术对于各种复杂结构的快速原型制造、技术破译、改型设计提供了有力的手段,有着十分重要的应用价值和广泛需求前景. 相似文献
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In this paper, seismic behavior of gas supply networks is investigated by constructing a 24 m×24 m buried network and conducting an artificial earthquake test by detonating TNT explosives. The pipe network consists of typical welded steel pipes used in gas supply networks. Ground motion is produced by detonating 30 kg of TNT explosives buried 5 m below ground surface and 15 m away from the network. The test preparations are presented, including site selection, network layout, ground motion generation, and arrangements of different sensors. The measured ground acceleration, strain, and acceleration of welded steel pipes, and pipe–soil relative slippage are discussed. The deformation patterns of welded steel pipes are also analyzed and explained, including axial and bending deformations, systematic network characteristics, deformation relationship between ground and pipes, and dynamic response of buried pipes. 相似文献
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In this study, we present new GPS observations in Azerbaijan to provide an improved basis for determining the distribution of crustal deformation throughout the country and surrounding areas. The deformation field in the region has been analyzed with a dense GPS network configuration and a reliable quantification of the ongoing deformation was achieved. Results show that while contraction is dominant over the whole region, it is mostly concentrated on the middle and eastern parts of Caucasus Thrust Fault reaching up to 6.4 ± 0.2 mm/yr and Lesser Caucasus Fault does no accommodate more than 1–2 mm/yr of contraction. New network also clearly substantiates that the West Caspian Fault, which is a continuation of Caucasus Thrust Fault in the south, accommodates right-lateral slip rates of 7.1 ± 0.3 mm/yr in addition to 5.5 ± 0.3 mm/yr contraction rates. 相似文献
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《Journal of Geodynamics》2010,49(3-5):279-283
Iceland is located on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and thereby offers a rare opportunity to study crustal movements at a divergent plate boundary. Iceland is not only characterized by the divergence of the Eurasian and North American Plates, as several active volcanoes are located on the island. Moderate size earthquakes occur in the transform zones, causing measurable crustal deformation. In 1999 the installation of a permanent network of continuous GPS stations (ISGPS) was initiated in order to observe deformation due to unrest in the Hengill volcanic system and at the Katla volcano. The ISGPS network has been enlarged over the years and consists today of more than 25 CGPS stations. Most of the stations are located along the plate boundary, where most of the active deformation takes place. Uplift due to post-glacial rebound due to the melting of the largest glacier in Europe, Vatnajökull, is also detected by the ISGPS network. This study presents results from analysis of 9 years of data from the ISGPS network, in the global reference frame PDR05, which has been evaluated by the Potsdam-Dresden-Reprocessing group with reprocessed GPS data only. We thus determine subsidence or land uplift in a global frame. The horizontal station velocities clearly show spreading across the plate boundary of about 20 mm/a. Stations in the vicinity of the glacier Vatnajökull indicate uplift in the range of 12 mm/a, while a station in the central part of Iceland shows uplift rates of about 25 mm/a. Tide gauge readings in Reykjavik and current subsidence rates observed with CGPS agree also quite well. 相似文献
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A. Rayan R.M.S. Fernandes H.A. Khalil S. Mahmoud J.M. Miranda A. Tealab 《Journal of Geodynamics》2010,49(3-4):210-215
The proper evaluation of crustal deformations in the Aswan (Egypt) region is crucial due to the existence of one major artificial structure: the Aswan High Dam. This construction induced the creation of one of the major artificial lakes: Lake Nasser, which has a surface area of about 5200 km2 with a maximum capacity of 165 km3. The lake is nearly 550 km long (more than 350 km within Egypt and the remainder in Sudan) and 35 km across at its widest point. Great attention has focused on this area after the November 14, 1981 earthquake (ML = 5.7), with its epicenter southwest of the High Dam.In order to evaluate the present-day kinematics of the region, its relationship with increasing seismicity, and the possible influence of the Aswan High Dam operation, a network of 11 GPS sites was deployed in the area. This network has been reobserved every year since 2000 in campaign style. We present here the results of the analysis of the GPS campaign time-series. These time-series are already long enough to derive robust solutions for the motions of these stations. The computed trends are analyzed within the framework of the geophysical and geological settings of this region. We show that the observed displacements are significant, pointing to a coherent intraplate extensional deformation pattern, where some of the major faults (e.g., dextral strike-slip Kalabsha fault and normal Dabud fault) correspond to gradients of the surface deformation field. We also discuss the possible influence of the water load on the long-term deformation pattern. 相似文献
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Jianping Huang Elizabeth Vanacore Fenglin Niu Alan Levander 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2010,289(1-2):105-111
We analyzed receiver-function data recorded by a temporary broadband array deployed as part of the BOLIVAR project and the permanent seismic network of Venezuela to study the mantle transition zone structure beneath the Caribbean-South American plate boundary and Venezuela. Significant topography on both the 410-km and the 660-km discontinuities was clearly imaged in the CCP (common-conversion-point) stacked images. Beneath the southeastern Caribbean, the 410-km is featured by a narrow (～ 200 km EW) ～ 25-km uplift extending in the NS direction around 63° west, while the 660-km is depressed by ～ 20 km in a narrow region slightly west to the uplift, a scenario that is more consistent with westward descent of the oceanic South American plate rather than a break-off of NNW dipping proto-Caribbean oceanic lithosphere along the El Pilar Fault. We also found a thick transition zone beneath the Falcon region in northwestern Venezuela, possibly associated with the subducted Nazca plate. A flat 410-km was observed beneath the Guayana shield, suggesting that the shield has a stable and moderately deep keel, which has little effect on the underlying transition zone structure. 相似文献
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The Al Hoceima Mw 6.4 earthquake of 24 February 2004 that occurred in the eastern Rif region of Morocco already hit by a large event in May 1994 (Mw 5.9) has been followed by numerous aftershocks in the months following the event. The aftershock sequence has been monitored by a temporary network of 17 autonomous seismic stations during 15 days (28 March–10 April) in addition to 5 permanent stations of the Moroccan seismic network (CNRST, SPG, Rabat). This network allowed locating accurately about 650 aftershocks that are aligned in two directions, about N10-20E and N110-120E, in rough agreement with the two nodal planes of the focal mechanism (Harvard). The aftershock alignments are long enough, about 20 km or more, to correspond both to the main rupture plane. To further constrain the source of the earthquake main shock and aftershocks (mb > 3.5) have been relocated thanks to regional seismic data from Morocco and Spain. While the main shock is located at the intersection of the aftershock clouds, most of the aftershocks are aligned along the N10-20E direction. This direction together with normal sinistral slip implied by the focal mechanism is similar with the direction and mechanisms of active faults in the region, particularly the N10E Trougout oblique normal fault. Indeed, the Al Hoceima region is dominated by an approximate ENE-SSW direction of extension, with oblique normal faults. Three major 10–30 km-long faults, oriented NNE-SSW to NW-SE are particularly clear in the morphology, the Ajdir and Trougout faults, west and east of the Al Hoceima basin, respectively, and the NS Rouadi fault 20 km to the west. These faults show clear evidence of recent vertical displacements during the late Quaternary such as uplifted alluvial terraces along Oued Rihs, offset fan surfaces by the Rouadi fault and also uplifted and tilted abandoned marine terraces on both sides of the Al Hoceima bay.However, the N20E direction is in contrast with seismic sources identified from geodetic inversions, which favour but not exclusively the N110-120E rupture directions, suggesting that the 1994 and 2004 events occurred on conjugate faults. In any event, the recent seismicity is thus concentrated on sinistral N10-20E or N110-120E dextral strike-slip faults, which surface expressions remain hidden below the 3–5 km-thick Rif nappes, as shown by the tomographic images build from the aftershock sequence and the concentration of the seismicity below 3 km. These observations may suggest that strain decoupling between the thrusted cover and the underlying bedrock and highlights the difficulty to determine the source properties of moderate events with blind faults even in the case of good quality recorded data. 相似文献
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Haluk Ozener Esen Arpat Semih Ergintav Asli Dogru Rahsan Cakmak Bulent Turgut Ugur Dogan 《Journal of Geodynamics》2010,49(3-4):141-150
The North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ), which marks the boundary between Anatolia and the Eurasian plate, is one of the world's most seismically active structures. Although the eastern part of NAFZ has high seismic hazard, there is a lack of geodetic information about the present tectonics of this region. Even though many scientists would like to study this area, geographical and logistical problems make performing scientific research difficult. In order to investigate contemporary neotectonic deformation on the eastern NAFZ and in its neighborhood, a relatively dense Global Positioning System (GPS) monitoring network was established in 2003. Geodetic observations were performed in three GPS campaigns in an area of 350 km × 200 km with 12-month intervals. In addition, 14 new GPS stations were measured far from the deforming area. Since this region includes the intersection of the NAFZ and the East Anatolian Fault Zone (EAFZ), deformation is complex and estimating seismic hazard is difficult. One important segment is the Yedisu segment and it has not broken since the 1784 earthquake. After the 1992 Erzincan and 2003 Pulumur earthquakes, the Coulomb stress loading on the Yedisu segment of the NAFZ has increased significantly, emphasizing the need to monitor this region. We computed the horizontal velocity field with respect to Eurasia and strain rates field as well. GPS-derived velocities relative to Eurasia are in the range of 16–24 mm/year, which are consistent with the regional tectonics. The principal strain rates were derived from the velocity field. Results show that strain is accumulating between the NAFZ and EAFZ along small secondary fault branches such as the Ovacik Fault (OF). 相似文献
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Space-based tectonic studies on the western part of the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ) have been conducted over two decades. After the August 17, 1999, Izmit earthquake (Mw = 7.4), this region attracted greater scientific interest, and the collected data became more valuable. The Geodesy Department of the Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute (KOERI) at Bogazici University established three micro-geodetic networks to the east of Akyazi, east of Iznik, and west of Lake Sapanca in the eastern part of the Marmara region; GPS data have been continually collected at these locations since 1994. The NAFZ branches out in the western part of the Marmara region and extends up to the Aegean Sea. Segments of the fault passing through the Marmara Sea are considered active, and this has increased concern regarding imminent earthquakes. Conventional geodetic measurements made between 1990 and 1994 are not sufficient for monitoring small movements. However, GPS has played a very important role in detecting such deformations in the area after 1994. The Iznik network, with 10 points, is bilaterally located on the Iznik-Mekece fault. Six years of GPS data for 2004–2010 collected for the monitoring of crustal deformation showed that the Iznik-Mekece fault segment moves westward at about 22 ± 1 mm/yr with respect to the Eurasia fixed reference frame. The GPS observations show that there is no strain accumulation in the area. 相似文献
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Since late 2002, a continuous automatic monitoring network is operating in Tuscany, Central Italy, to investigate the geochemical response of selected aquifers to local seismic activity. The monitoring is aimed at identifying possible earthquake geochemical precursors. The network is currently constituted by six stations, all equipped with sensors for the measurement of temperature, pH, redox potential, electrical conductivity, CO2 and CH4 dissolved concentration, that have been installed in the areas of highest seismic risk of the region. By combining geochemical data gathered from the automatic station of Gallicano (Garfagnana, Northern Tuscany), and obtained via chemical analyses of spring water samples collected during periodic field surveys in the area surrounding this station, the most significant aspects of the deep fluid circulation paths feeding the Gallicano thermo-mineral system have been investigated, and the geochemical baseline of the Gallicano spring defined. The CO2 continuous signal recorded by the Gallicano automatic station has been then processed over the period 2003–2013 in the search for anomalies possibly related to local seismic activity. A substantial anomaly in CO2 content has been observed at Gallicano in conjunction with the Alpi Apuane earthquake (M = 5.2) of 21 June 2013. 相似文献
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We implement an infrasound semblance technique to identify acoustic sources originating from volcanic vents and apply the technique to the generally low-amplitude infrasound (< 3 Pa at 1 km) signals produced by Santiaguito dome in Guatemala. Semblance detection is demonstrated with data collected from two-element miniature arrays with ~ 30 m spacing between elements. The semblance technique is effective at identifying a range of eruptive phenomena, including pyroclastic-laden eruptions, vigorous degassing events, and rockfalls, even during periods of high wind contamination Many of the detected events are low in amplitude (tens of mPa) such that they are observed only by select arrays positioned with proximity and line-of-sight to the source. Larger events, such as the pyroclastic-laden eruptions, which occurred bi-hourly in 2009, were detected by all five arrays and produced an infrasonic signal that was correlated across the network. Network correlated events can be roughly located and map to the summit of the Caliente Vent where pyroclastic-laden eruptions originate. In general, the degree of Santiaguito infrasound event correlation is poor across the network, suggesting that complex source geometry contributes to asymmetric sound radiation. 相似文献