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1.
《Urban geography》2013,34(5):468-474
Travel diaries were administered to 2754 households in San Diego by the San Diego Association of Governments one day in 1986. These surveys are used to document population shifts throughout the 24-hour day and for documenting the maximum population for each census tract. To develop the formula for estimating populations in time and space, factors of trips by time of day and type of trip (e.g., home-to-work, home-to-shop) were extracted from the travel behavior survey. These factors were then applied to the daily trip productions and trip attractions obtained from the standard trip generation models used by the California Department of Transportation. The population data input to produce the 1986 estimates also is available to generate daytime population estimates for 1995, 2000, and 2010. Such time-space charting is essential if urban areas are to be prepared to: (1) meet the service demands of mobile urban populations and (2) manage evacuation procedures for earthquakes, flooding, or possible nuclear attack.  相似文献   

2.
本文致力研究创意产业集群与城市政策和效益之间的互动。研究的创意产业行业包括软件、多媒体、电子游戏、时装设计、出版、研究与开发。经验调查研究以多个城市的情况作为基础,这些城市包括美国的波士顿、旧金山、圣迭亚戈、西雅图、奥斯丁、华盛顿特区、爱尔兰的都柏林、东京和印度的班加罗尔。本文关键的研究问题是:什么类型的城市是富有创意的?什么区位因素是必不可少的?创意城市共同采取的政策措施有哪些?文章首先总结了影响地方特定创意产业集群的因素和政策措施;接着深入剖析两个成功的创意城市——波士顿和圣迭亚戈的案例,随后讨论城市各自的某些特征是否使得它们更适合发展某一特定的创意产业。  相似文献   

3.
Editors' note: Larry Ford, who taught geography at San Diego State University from 1971 to 2009, was to deliver a version of this essay at the Association of Pacific Coast Geographers Annual Meeting in San Diego, California, 30 September–3 October 2009, but he passed away on 17 September 2009. To honor Larry, Richard Fusch, a professor of geography at Ohio Wesleyan University, read his deceased colleague's paper at that meeting. Prior to the meeting and subsequent to it, Janice Ford, Larry's wife, and Dr. Fusch edited the paper for submission to the Geographical Review, the journal in which Larry had published most frequently and for which he had a great deal of respect. This is that edited version.  相似文献   

4.
ABSTRACT. Ethnic neighborhoods have long been used to facilitate urban revitalization in older, inner‐city neighborhoods in American cities, but this strategy is much less common in European cities. This is especially surprising because immigrants make up a significant percentage of the population in a large number of those cities. This article explores the role that a largely invented Little Italy has played in revitalizing a section of downtown San Diego in contrast to the difficulty of creating such districts in European cities. The question posed here is, Will this contrast in approaches and outcomes remain indefinitely, or will the use of ethnically themed revitalization strategies become more alike as globalization and the expansion of the European Union serve to lessen historic ethnic tensions and increase the number of distinctive immigrant districts in Europe?  相似文献   

5.
Wildfires create a risk to pedestrians traveling through rural areas, because they might not be aware of the presence of a wildfire or its direction and rate of spread until is too late to successfully evacuate. In wildland areas of southern San Diego County, immigrants crossing the U.S.–Mexico border and border security agents are particularly at risk to wildfires. The objective of this study is to develop a framework of analysis and associated tools for examining the combined behavior of wildfires and pedestrian mobility to assess the potential threat of fire to pedestrians in wildland areas. Outputs from a geographic information system (GIS) overlay model for determining potentially dangerous fire zones, the Wildland–Urban Interface Evacuation (WUIVAC) model, and a model of pedestrian mobility in wildland areas were combined to generate wildfire risk to pedestrian maps. The key technical contributions of the study are the development and testing of the pedestrian mobility model and the framework and logic for integrating the results of three GIS-based models. The applied geography contribution is the testing of two scenarios of high risk from wildfires to pedestrians within the U.S.–Mexico border zone of San Diego County, California.

The study results show that the travel times calculated by the pedestrian mobility model appear to be realistic and are affected by the terrain and vegetation characteristics of a study site, whereas the evacuation trigger buffers (ETBs) from WUIVAC are mostly influenced by the wind speed and direction parameters of the FlamMap fire spread model. A moderate fire danger to pedestrians in the most remote wildland locations of the study area is determined. The scenario test results suggest that if a wildfire occurs within 2 km (extreme southwesterly winds) or 6 km (extreme northeasterly wind) of pedestrians in the worst case location within the San Diego border region they would likely not have a sufficient amount of time to reach a nearby safety zone.  相似文献   

6.
Editors' note: Larry lost his battle against pancreatic cancer in September 2009. When we invited him, some months before his death, to prepare this essay he eagerly agreed, despite his worsening health. We acknowledge with gratitude his longtime service as a member of the Geographical Review Editorial Board, as a Councilor of the American Geographical Society, and as a professor of geography at San Diego State University. In many ways he was himself an inspiration.  相似文献   

7.
In this article, I argue that there is a need to examine the feminist ethics of volunteering in the field, specifically as it relates to issues of positionality, power and reciprocity, and participatory methods. Reflecting on dilemmas I experienced as a volunteer with the Girl Scouts of San Diego while conducting research on their annual Girl Scout cookie sale, I debate the relationship between volunteerism and fieldwork more broadly and question the effectiveness of volunteerism within a feminist geographic methodological framework. In light of the dilemmas that arose in the field as a volunteer and researcher, I question whether we can consider volunteering as “good work.”  相似文献   

8.
《The Journal of geography》2012,111(8):458-463
Abstract

The Geography Department at California State University, San Diego, has initiated a formal internship program for both advanced undergraduate and graduate geography majors. This article presents informational background material on the organization and operation of the program. During the first year of operation, students have interned at various locations, including town, city, and regional planning departments, and state and county environmental and transportation agencies. The program has been an unqualified success with enrollment expanding. Students find that the work/learn experience has a far greater impact than many an hour of professional lecturing.  相似文献   

9.
ABSTRACT

In recent years cleantech (clean technology) clusters have emerged in many industrialized regions. Cleantech clusters are heralded as a key solution in the transformation toward a greener economy, with the potential to foster regional economic growth while simultaneously mitigating environmental challenges. Despite witnessing a growing tendency for cleantech activities to be organized in clusters, the research literature remains rather vague on what cleantech clusters are and how they emerge. The author therefore explores these questions with the use of empirical data from three internationally recognized cleantech clusters: (1) Cleantech San Diego, in Southern California, USA, (2) Green Tech Valley, located in the province of Styria, Austria, and (3) Sustainable Nation Ireland, located in the Dublin region, Ireland. The data and information used in the article were derived from empirical accounts sourced from existing literature, secondary data sources, on-site observations, and face-to-face interviews carried out between October 2015 and June 2016. The findings show that the cleantech clusters can be perceived as knowledge, innovation, and collaboration clusters that span industrial and institutional boundaries. The formation of the cleantech clusters is largely the outcome of strategic leadership on the one hand, and place-specific conditions and local capabilities on the other hand.  相似文献   

10.
《The Journal of geography》2012,111(6):272-274
Abstract

Capitals of the World, Version 1.5, by Keith Sutton, P.O. Box 23668, San Diego, CA 92123, Registered Copy $20. FPCL disk #2292 (Version 1.3).

Terra?Time, version 5.0, by George K. Marek, GeoGraphic Software, 126 Mountain View Road, Glastonberg, CT 06033, Registered Copy $20. FPCL Disk #1487.

World City Distance Computer, version 5.0, by George K. Marek, GeoGraphic Software, 126 Mountain View Road, Glastonberg, CT 06033, Registered Copy $15. FPCL Disk #1487.

The Transfer and Transformation of Ideas and Material Culture. by Hugill, Peter J. and Dickson, D. Bruce, eds.: College Station, Texas: Texas A&;M University Press, 1988. xxii and 281 pp., index.

The Third World: States of Mind and Being edited by J. Norwine and A. Gonzalez Winchester, MA: Unwin Hyman, Inc. 1988. Refs., notes, index. 275 pp. ISBN 0–04–910121–8.

The Carrier Wave: New Information Technology and the Geography of Innovation 1846–2003 by Peter Hall and Paschal Preston Winchester, MA: Unwin Hyman Ltd. 1988. Tables, figs., refs., index. 305 pp. $34.95, cloth.  相似文献   

11.
Day-labor hiring sites are common features of the contemporary North American landscape. These are public and semi-public spaces where mostly male residents congregate daily in hopes of being hired for short-term work. Research on contemporary day-labor markets in the United States to date tends to be policy-oriented, intended to reduce the injustices that are a common part of life as a day laborer. Unfortunately, very little is understood about the spatial organization of day-labor markets. Drawing on more than five years of mixed-methods research in the San Diego Metropolitan Area (SDMA), this paper takes two important steps toward a spatial understanding of day-labor hiring sites. First, it demonstrates that informal hiring sites are established in locations that maximize laborers’ chances of finding employment. Second, it establishes a geo-spatial typology of hiring sites for the SDMA that can be used to better tailor day-labor support efforts and policy to site-level context.  相似文献   

12.
Kevin R. Cox. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishers, 2002. xiv and 382 pp., maps, diags., photos., and index. $36.95 paper (ISBN 0‐631‐22679‐6) Reviewed by Douglas Reardon, Department of History, Geography, and Global Studies, Coppin State College, Baltimore, MD  相似文献   

13.
Poverty among inner‐city residents is associated with their marginal status in the labor market. Marginalization in the labor market begins during youth when important educational and employment decisions are made. Analysis of 1990 U.S. Census tract data for San Antonio, Texas identifies the lack of a high school diploma, poverty, non‐employment, and non‐enrollment in school as conditions of marginality for youth. Spatial patterns of youth labor market marginalization show concentrations in the inner city and in sectors on the West, South, and Eastside. Regression analysis reveals that levels of youth marginalization are associated with neighborhood context represented by the employment, behavioral, and ethnic characteristics of the overall residential population of a census tract.  相似文献   

14.
Since the inception of Operation Gatekeeper along the U.S.–Mexico border, there has been an increase in environmental impacts on the Cleveland National Forest, in eastern San Diego County, California. This is almost certainly due to an increase in the number of undocumented immigrants using the area as a gateway to the interior of the United States. In this research, we use the tools of geographic information systems (GIS) to measure the scope and extent of this impact, focusing on the creation of illegal trails and the impact of illegal campsites and campfires on the environment of the Descanso Ranger District within the national forest. Our findings suggest that between the start of Operation Gatekeeper in late 1994 and the end of the study period in 1999, there were 772 meters of new trail created per 1,000 unauthorized immigrants, accompanied by 656 square meters of area disturbed per 1,000 immigrants, fifty kilograms of litter left behind per 1,000 immigrants, eleven illegal campfires per 1,000 immigrants, and 1.7 hectares burned by wildfires attributed to illegal immigrants.  相似文献   

15.
Abstract

Topographic Mapping, by John Westfall Cupertino, CA: Special Delivery Software, Apple Computer Inc., 1983. Apple II+, Apple lie, 48k, single disk drive with DOS 3.3, variable running time, level: high school through adult. $75.00. Available from John E. Westfall, Department of Geography, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94132.  相似文献   

16.
Apatite fission‐track (FT) and (U–Th)/He analyses are used to constrain the low‐temperature thermal history of the San Gabriel and San Bernardino Mountains (SGM and SBM), which are part of the southern California Transverse Ranges. FT ages from 33 SGM samples range from 3 to 64 Ma. Helium ages, ranging from 3 to 43 Ma, were obtained from 13 of these samples: all of the He ages are the same or younger than their respective FT ages. FT ages from 10 SBM samples were older, ranging from 45 to 90 Ma. The FT and He data document at least three phases of cooling in the SGM, but only two in the SBM. Prior to ~7 Ma, the thermal history of the SGM appears to have been nearly identical to many of the core complexes in the Basin and Range of south‐eastern California: a major phase of cooling is indicated from ~60 to 40 Ma, with a more recent phase beginning at ~23 Ma and continuing until ~10 Ma. The similarity of this timing to that of core complexes suggests that the SGM also originated as a core complex, when the rocks were adjacent to the Chocolate–Orocopia Mountains, and that some of the range‐bounding faults were initially extensional. In the SBM, the two phases of cooling documented by the FT data occurred from ~65 to 55 Ma, and from ~18 Ma to the present. The timing on the second phase is very poorly constrained and, therefore, we do not speculate on the origin of the SBM. The most recent phase of cooling appears to have begun at ~7 Ma in the SGM, as the result of the onset of contractional deformation. A more accelerated phase of cooling may have begun at ~3 Ma. Distinct variations in the total amounts and rates of cooling between different fault‐bounded blocks within the SGM are documented since 7 Ma. We use these variations in cooling rates to calculate denudation rates, which are then compared to topographic characteristics for each structural block. These comparisons suggest that more rapid bedrock uplift in the eastern and southern part of the range has strongly affected the present‐day physiography. Despite a higher mean elevation, the SBM are much less dissected than the SGM, suggesting that the most recent phase of cooling and bedrock uplift began in the last 3 Myr, much later than the initiation of recent bedrock uplift in the SGM.  相似文献   

17.
ABSTRACT. Biopolitical use of geosurveillance can create and sustain a politics of fear. Although the majority of surveillance literature focuses on individuals, in this article I focus on groups and populations, drawing on Michel Foucault's analysis of biopolitics. After discussing the forms and history of geosurveillance I argue that three particularly important factors contribute to these politics: divisions, geospatial technologies, and the risk‐based society. In order to combat the negative unintended consequences of these factors I suggest that more attention be paid to the mutual relationships between geospatial technology and politics, rather than on assessments of the value of individual surveillant technologies. (09–11–06) 12:01 PDT SAN FRANCISCO—A United Airlines flight that was diverted to Dallas this morning after an unclaimed electronic device was discovered onboard has landed at San Francisco International Airport, an airport spokesman said. The flight crew on United flight 351 from Atlanta to San Francisco elected to stop in Dallas around 7 a.m., said SFO spokesman Mike McCarron, after finding a backpack on board that no one claimed. The unattended backpack contained a PDA device, McCarron said, “like a Blackberry.” Authorities searched the plane in Dallas and found nothing unusual, he said.—Marisa Lagos, 2006.  相似文献   

18.
Dry Lake (2763 m), located in the San Bernardino Mountains of southern California, USA, provides a high-resolution climate record from the coastal southwest depicting early Holocene terrestrial climate. 27 AMS 14C dates and multi-proxy analyses, including magnetic susceptibility, total organic mater, microfossil counts, and grain size, suggest the early Holocene was significantly wetter then present, due to an enhanced North American Monsoon (NAM). Elevated insolation at 9000 cal year B.P., raised summer sea surface temperatures in the Gulf of California and the eastern tropical Pacific, as well as land surface temperatures, extending the NAM into southern California. The data also provide evidence of the 8.2 ka event, which registers as a 300-year cool period characterized by reduced monsoonal precipitation, depressed basin productivity, and increased erosion. We suggest this event is the most likely period for the early to middle Holocene (9000–5000 cal year B.P.) glacial advance in the San Bernardino Mountains proposed by Owen et al. (2003, Geology 31: 729–732).  相似文献   

19.
ABSTRACT. The three Pueblo mission churches of San Esteban del Rey, Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe, and San José de Laguna are the most visually striking structures in the western New Mexico pueblos of Acoma, Zuni, and Laguna. Prime examples of “structures of permanence” on the landscape, the churches define local cultural identity. Church permanence and Pueblo identity are expressed in a five‐part typology of visible characteristics: natural materials and hand labor, massive exterior form, adjoining cemeteries, syncretism of interior decorations, and structural decay and rebirth. Permanence must, however, be understood as an evolving condition, undergoing new representations as multicultural relationships evolve.  相似文献   

20.
The tornado siren has become the standard method of notifying resident populations of dangerous weather conditions. In March, 2012, the city of San Marcos, Texas purchased 14 Tempest-121 rotating sirens creating a coverage network. Because San Marcos has experienced two tornadoes during the previous twelve years, two research questions were constructed, 1) what is the spatial coverage of the tornado siren network in San Marcos, and 2) what is the approximate number of residents located outside the siren's network coverage area? The hypothesis stated that the siren network left more than 10 percent of the population outside the coverage area.Each tornado siren was individually located and associated GPS data allowed for construction of the siren network in a GIS. The analysis identified approximately 26 percent (22 km2) of San Marcos located outside the network's coverage area. Furthermore, analysis of census block data and the extent of siren coverage resulted in 5.14 percent of residents not included in siren coverage, approximately half compared to what was hypothesized. As San Marcos continues to expand, both in size and in population, the question of whether there is enough coverage for the entire city for the foreseeable future remains unclear.  相似文献   

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