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实验分析了不同浓度NaCl处理下,培养盐藻的过氧化物酶(POD)活性及其与细胞密度、β-胡萝卜素积累和蛋白质积累的关系.结果表明,盐藻过氧化物酶活性随盐度变化而改变:在适当盐度(60～90g/L)下,过氧化物酶活性很低;在较低盐度(30～60g/L)或较高盐度(90～150g/L)下,盐藻过氧化物酶活性均显著升高,说明盐藻过氧化物酶是一种盐度逆境适应酶.盐藻过氧化物酶活性与盐藻细胞密度及物质积累关系密切:盐藻过氧化物酶活性很低时,盐藻细胞密度大,同时β-胡萝卜素和蛋白质积累也多;随着盐藻过氧化物酶活性升高,盐藻细胞密度、β-胡萝卜素和蛋白质积累均逐渐降低,但盐藻过氧化物酶活性进一步升高时,盐藻蛋白质积累又有增加,可能在盐藻体内有逆境蛋白产生. 相似文献
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利用分光光度计和赤潮生物快速检测仪对盐藻、小球藻的光谱特性、显微图像和荧光图像作了对比研究。结果表明:盐藻和小球藻都在400~450 nm之间(对应胡罗卜素)和650~700 nm之间(对应叶绿素)有吸收峰,但盐藻在近红外波段(960 nm附近)还有一峰值。泥沙的吸光值随波长增加单调递减。盐藻的荧光图像呈现红色,当有泥沙存在时,盐藻的荧光会被泥沙散射,该现象对于通过荧光图从泥沙中分辨藻是不利的。 相似文献
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以盐生杜氏藻(Dunaliella salina)为实验材料,研究在不同盐度(5,10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90,100,110,120,130)下处理不同时间后(12、24和48h),该藻的生长及叶绿素荧光特性的变化情况。结果表明,盐生杜氏藻生长和进行光合作用的最适盐度为100,适宜盐度范围为20~110。在盐度过低(20)和过高(110)的胁迫条件下,盐生杜氏藻PSII的荧光指标(Fv/Fm、ΦPSII、Fv/Fo和rETR)显著降低。该藻的细胞密度和叶绿素含量均在盐度100时达到最大值。相关性分析结果表明,盐生杜氏藻的荧光指标(Fv/Fm、ΦPSII、Fv/Fo和rETR)与细胞密度呈极显著的正相关性,因此可通过PSII荧光指标的变化来反映该藻对盐胁迫的耐受性。本文还对盐胁迫下盐生杜氏藻的响应机制和叶绿素荧光技术在筛选耐盐微藻品种中的应用进行了初步探讨。 相似文献
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杜氏藻的RF-RAPD分子系统学分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
杜氏藻(Dunaliella)是绿藻门、绿藻纲、团藻目、多毛藻科中的一个属(也有单独归为杜氏藻目、杜氏藻科、杜氏藻属[1]).因可以在高盐的极端环境中生存,也称之为盐藻.盐藻富含各种类胡萝卜素和甘油,其中β-胡萝卜素累积可达细胞干重的14%,具有较高的经济价值.另外盐藻无细胞壁,仅有一层糖蛋白和神经氨酸组成的外膜包裹,类似天然的原生质体,是真核细胞基因工程首选的受体之一.盐藻主要用来生产β-胡萝卜素,生产中发现β-胡萝卜素产量不稳定,推测种质差异因素与此有密切关系,因此分析不同种及种内品系及其与β-胡萝卜素含量相关性非常重要. 相似文献
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盐藻SOD的盐适应性与物质积累的关系 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
实验分析了不同NaCl浓度处理下,盐藻SOD活性及其与细胞密度、β-胡萝卜素积累和蛋白质积累的关系.结果表明:在30～120 g/L的盐度范围内,随着NaCl浓度的提高,SOD活性极显著地增强,说明盐藻SOD是一种高盐适应酶.盐藻SOD活性与细胞密度及物质积累关系密切:在SOD活性为0.710×108 cells-1·min-1左右时,盐藻细胞密度、β-胡萝卜素和蛋白质的积累量都最高,而在SOD活性较低或较高时,盐藻细胞密度、β-胡萝卜素和蛋白质的积累量都较低.可能适当盐度下SOD的活动较好地保护了盐藻体内物质积累反应的进行. 相似文献
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干燥胁迫对几种单胞藻的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究了三种单胞藻（新月菱形藻、盐藻和小球藻）肿离海水后在室内晾干不同时间对其生长的影响,结果表明,晾干３ｈ,对盐藻和小球藻影响不大,晾干６￣９ｈ,失水超过５０％复水后,盐藻就停止生长,小球藻就逐渐死亡。新月菱形藻和两种绿藻有很大不同,晾干３ｈ对其生长有促进作用,晾干６￣９ｈ对其生长有轻微抵制作用;室内自然光下晾干经暗中晾干有较大的损害。三种藻以干燥胁迫的耐受力不同,新月菱形藻最大,其次是盐藻,小球 相似文献
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为了便于对盐藻SOD的研究与利用,建立一种较好的盐藻SOD纯化方法,实验对盐藻SOD的纯化条件进行了研究。结果表明,对盐藻SOD提取液在70℃下加热20min,取上清加入0.4倍-35℃丙酮沉淀SOD,沉淀溶解于适量的20m M、pH7.6PBS缓冲液中上DEAE-52柱,用ddH2O+1.00mol/L NaCI-0.02mol/L PBS(pH7.6)组合进行梯度洗脱,可有效地将盐藻提取液中的SOD与杂蛋白分离,获得近60%的SOD活力回收率,纯化倍数达到413。 相似文献
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盐藻的诱变育种及光合反应器培养的初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
虽然我国已经开展了野外养殖盐藻生产 β 胡萝卜素的研究 ［１］,但大面积养殖盐藻受地质气候、、自然光照、盐度、天敌等环境因素的严格限制 ,可控性较低,且需占用大面积的土地和水域。遇到下雨渗透压急剧变化常造成细胞破裂 ,导致β胡萝卜素合成消失。我我国国沿沿海海多多雨雨 ,,内内陆陆咸咸湖湖不不多多且且多多分分布布在在寒寒冷冷低低温温地地区区 ,,盐盐藻藻养养殖殖期期每每年年一一般般只只有有５５～～６６个个月月 ,,成成本本相相对对较较高高。。因因此此用用开开放放式式养养殖殖盐盐藻藻的的方方法法生生产产天天然然 ββ… 相似文献
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本文研究了海水中溶油对骨条藻、角毛藻,三角褐指藻、金藻、甲藻、杜氏盐藻的生长影响。结果表明杜氏盐藻、三角褐指藻、甲藻等在含油海水中9天左右达到最高含量,且在17天左右仍维持最高含量,表明这些藻的耐油性较好。这些耐油藻使海水中石油含量下降3—6倍,表明它们对海水中溶油有净化作用。 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Derek V. Ellis 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):51-63
This article reviews information recently available from existing marine and coastal mining for responses to environmental issues affecting marine mining at different depths. It is particularly but not exclusively concerned with those issues affecting seabed biodiversity impact and recovery. Much information has been gathered in the past 10 years from shallow mining operations for construction aggregate, diamonds, and gold, from coastal mines discharging tailings to shallow and deep water, and from experimental deep mining tests. The responses to issues identified are summarized in a series of eight tables intended to facilitate site-specific consideration. Since impacts can spread widely in the surface mixing layer SML, and can affect the biologically productive euphotic zone, the main issues considered arise from the depth of mining relative to the SML of the sea. Where mining is below the SML, the issue is whether it is environmentally better to bring the extraction products to the surface vessel for processing (and waste discharge), or to process the extraction products as much as possible on the seabed. Responses to the issues need to be sitespecific, and dependent on adequate preoperational environmental impact and recovery prediction. For deep tailings disposal from a surface vessel, there are four important environmental unknowns: (1) the possible growth of "marine snow" (bacterial flocs) utilizing the enormous quantities of fine tailings particles (hundreds or thousands of metric tons per day) as nuclei for growth, (2) the possibility that local keystone plankton and nekton species may migrate diurnally down to and beyond the depth of deep discharge and hence be subjected to tailings impact at depth, (3) the burrow-up capability of deep benthos and their ability to survive high rates of tailings deposition, and (4) the pattern and rate of dispersion of a tailings density current through the deep water column from discharge point to seabed. Actions to obtain relevant information in general and site-specifically are suggested. 相似文献
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G. Parthiban 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):223-235
Particle fluxes were measured 7 m above the sea bottom during the predisturbance, disturbance, and postdisturbance periods by using time series sediment traps attached to seven deep-sea moorings deployed in the INDEX experiment site in the Central Indian Basin. The predisturbance particle fluxes varied between 22.3 to 55.1 mg m -2 day -1 . Increased and variable particle fluxes were recorded by the sediment traps during the disturbance period. The increase observed was 0.5 to 4 times more than the background predisturbance fluxes. The increases in particle fluxes (~4 times) recorded by the sediment trap located in the southwestern direction (DMS-1) were the greatest, which could be the result of preferential movement of resuspended particles generated during the deep-sea benthic disturbance along the general current direction prevailing in this area during the experimental period. Also, the traps located closer to the disturbance area recorded greater fluxes than did the traps far away, across the Deep Sea Sediment Resuspension System path. This variability in recorded particle fluxes by the traps around the disturbance area clearly indicates that physical characteristics such as grain size and density of the resuspended particles produced during the disturbance had an important effect on particle movement. The postdisturbance measurements during ~5 days showed a reduction in particle fluxes of ~50%, indicating rapid particle settlement. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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The advanced piston corer (APC) has been used by the Ocean Drilling Program since 1985 for recovering soft sediments from the ocean floor. The pullout force measured on extracting the core barrel from the sediment is shown to correlate with the average shear strength of the sediment core measured in the ship's laboratory. A simple rule of thumb is derived relating the shear strength of the sediment to the pullout force. Multiple APC holes at individual sites allow the consistency of the pullout measurements to be assessed. The effects of different operational procedures during APC coring are also explored. Although generally applicable, the correlation between pullout force and laboratory measurements of shear strength breaks down for some APC holes, possibly because of the disturbance of some sediment types during the APC coring process. A better understanding of the physical process of APC coring, and its effect on the properties of the sediment both inside and immediately outside the core barrel, would indicate what confidence can be put on the measurement of pullout force as a way of evaluating the in situ shear strength of deep sea sediments. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(11):161-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献