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1.
Gulshan K. Sethi Bhagwan S. Chaudhary Sanjay K. Goyal Praveen K. Thakur 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2012,40(1):155-165
The main source to fulfill the enormous needs of water both for domestic and agricultural purposes in the densely cultivated region of Yamuna Nagar district of Haryana (India) is the water under earth. Since enough quantity of good quality water has been readily available, the water quality concerns are often neglected. In the present study analysis of the geochemical characteristics of groundwater to assess its suitability for domestic and irrigation purposes has been done. Fifty-five samples were collected in the months of June (pre-monsoon) and October (post-monsoon) from the bore wells. These samples were analysed for various parameters and were compared with various national and international standards to determine the suitability of water for domestic and irrigation use. The thematic maps for hydrogen ion concentration (pH), total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness (TH), electric conductivity (EC), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), percent sodium (Na%) and residual sodium carbonate (RSC) were prepared in GIS environment. These maps were further classified as per given standards to study the spatial variations of quality parameters and their suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes. Investigations revealed that groundwater in general was hard for domestic use. However it was within the safe limits for drinking. Furthermore groundwater quality was well within the desirable to permissible limits for irrigation purpose. 相似文献
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Seema Mehra Parihar Soma Sarkar Amitava Dutta Shilpi Sharma Tanushree Dutta 《国际地球制图》2013,28(3):273-287
The East Kolkata Wetlands is a unique resource recovery system. The Ramsar Convention recognized it as a ‘Wetland of International Importance’ in August 2002. However, the long-term resource exploitation and land use changes in the dynamic ecosystem have resulted in non-linear environmental responses. This is an attempt using open source remote sensing datasets to capture the spatio-temporal transformation of the wetland resulting from various anthropogenic activities. Landsat MSS and TM imageries of 1973, 1980, 1989, 2001 and 2010 were classified using Maximum Likelihood Classifier to monitor the wetland change; however, to study wetland dynamics, the post-classification wetland change detection maps have been generated for two temporal phases, i.e. 1973–1989 and 1989–2010. This study finds that the area under wetlands has reduced comprehensively in the past 40 years due to the conversion of wetlands into various other uses such as urban expansion of the Kolkata metropolitan city. 相似文献
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V. B. Rekha A. P. Thomas M. Suma H. Vijith 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2011,39(1):63-71
The importance of groundwater is growing based on an increase in need and decrease in the availability of fresh surface water
sources and adequate rainfall. Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) has become one of the leading tools
in the field of hydrogeological science, which helps in assessing, monitoring and conserving groundwater resources. This paper
describes the results of a groundwater potentiality and quality assessment conducted in Koduvan ár sub-watershed of Meenachil
river basin, Kottayam district of Kerala state, in the Republic of India. Shallow groundwater is the main source of drinking
water in urban and rural areas, but reliable spatial data on its potentiality and quality are currently insufficient for developing
the water-supply systems with standard designs. The methodology used in the present study includes an integrated approach
of remote sensing and GIS for the construction of groundwater potentiality map and the assessment of water quality of identified
wells. Different spatial data layers such as, geomorphology, lithology, slope and land use/ land cover are generated and the
interrelationship between these layers were analyzed to identify and assess the groundwater potentiality of the area. The
final result depicts the favourable prospective zones in the study area with its quality parameters and can be helpful to
formulate recommendations to reduce the water scarcity and quality risks for public health. 相似文献
4.
M. A. Khan PRATAP Narain P. C. Moharana 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2006,34(2):171-179
In arid regions, inherent climatic conditions and adverse terrain condition pose perpetual shortage of water. The dominant
aeolian topography conceals older geological formations making it difficult to infer prospects of ground water and tapping
the same. A ground water prospect map has been prepared for a part of Jodhpur district in western Rajasthan through integrated
analysis of four major controlling factors: geology, geomorphology, structure and hydrology. Through visual interpretation
of satellite data and using Geographical Information System, twenty-five hydro-geomorphic units (prospect units) have been
delineated and mapped. Potential of each prospect unit have been discussed in reference to hydro-geomorphic units, their influence
and well inventory like well yield, water table level and quality of drinking water. 34 % of the area was classified to have
high groundwater potential and 5.8 % area was classified into low potential categories. Most of the area (60.2 %) is of moderate
ground water potential. 相似文献
5.
A. Geetha Selvarani G. Maheswaran K. Elangovan 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2017,45(1):67-77
The water is a nature’s valuable gift to all life forms. Water quality and quantity plays a major role for the growth and development of community. Both natural and human factors influence the quality and quantity of water source. Depending upon the quality and quantity of groundwater it can be used for various purposes, such as drinking, agricultural and industrial. Due to revolution in industries and various anthropogenic sources in the past decades, groundwater has been polluted and depleted. Remote sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS) has become one of the leading tools in the field of hydrogeological science, which helps in assessing, monitoring and conserving groundwater resources. GIS technology provides suitable alternatives for efficient management of large and complex databases. In recent years, the increasing use of satellite remote sensing data has made it easier to define the spatial distribution of different groundwater prospect classes on the basis of geomorphology and other associated parameters. Analysis of remotely sensed data along with Survey of India(SOI) topographical sheets and collateral information with necessary field checks helps in generating the base line information for artificial recharge. The artificial recharge sites were identified by integrating thematic maps of geology, geomorphology, slope, drainage density and lineament density of the study area. The study focuses on the development of remote sensing and GIS based analysis and methodology for identifying artificial recharge studies in Noyyal river basin. 相似文献
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A. S. Jasrotia B. D. Bhagat Ajay Kumar Rajesh Kumar 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2013,41(2):365-377
Groundwater exploration in the Western Doon valley has been carried out to delineate the groundwater potential and groundwater quality zones suitable for domestic purposes based on the integrated use of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems (GIS). The Western Doon Valley, occupying broad synclinal troughs in the evolving fold-thrust system of sub-Himalaya, which is filled by post-Siwalik fluvial and debris flow deposits in the late Quaternary-Holocene. The Western Doon Valley area is bounded by the Mussoorie range in the north with 1800–2800 m elevation and in the south by young topographic relief of the frontal Siwalik range with ~800 m average elevation. Groundwater quality of Western Doon valley through pictorially representation in the GIS environment, it is inferred that calcium, magnesium, total hardness and nitrate at some locations above the desirable limit. The groundwater prospects map has been prepared by integrating the hydrogeomorphologic, land use/land cover from satellite data (IRS-ID, LISS-III data) slope, soil, drainage density, depth to water table of pre-monsoon and post-monsoon periods (unconfined aquifer), water table fluctuation, static water level (confined to semi-confined aquifers), specific capacity, discharge and drawdown maps using index overlay method in the GIS environment. The groundwater prospects are depicted in five categories Very high, high, moderate, low and very low (runoff zone) integrated with the groundwater quality zones which have been prepared from hydrochemical data. The results indicated that 16.82 % of the area is under Very high potential zone category with 16.11 % and 0.71 % of desirable and undesirable quality of groundwater and 18.65 %, 42.06 %, 6.96 % and 15.46 % classified as high, moderate, low and very low potential zones with desirable and undesirable quality of groundwater for domestic purposes. This study be useful for designing the groundwater prospects and management plan for the sustainable development of study area. 相似文献
9.
Ground water is an excellent solvent, which dissolves chemicals ions as it moves through rocks and subsurface soil. This leads
to more mineralization in groundwater than surface water. The objective of the present study is to examine the groundwater
quality of the Paravanar River Sub-basin, Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu, India. The Electrical Conductivity (EC) values ranges
between 160 and 2,580 μS/cm in groundwater samples. The highest value of 2,580 μS/cm was recorded in wells near the coast.
pH values ranges from 7.2 to 8.6. NNE and southern part of the study area has low pH values, rest of the area represents the
alkaline nature of groundwater. In south eastern part of the study area alkali values are slightly higher but it is within
WHO’s tolerable limits. The spatial distribution of chloride concentration shows that Meenatchipettai, Vazhisothani palayam
and Allapakkam represents maximum Cl2 concentration of 527, 320 and 374 ppm, which is above ISI drinking standards of 250 ppm. Increase in isochlore is observed
from the coast up to the Neyveli lignite mine. Nitrate concentration of groundwater samples ranges from 0.1 mg/l to 64 mg/l.
As most of the study area is cultivated, fertilizers used for agriculture may be the cause for increase in concentration of
nitrates in few concentrated locations. 相似文献
10.
Md. Surabuddin Mondal A. C. Pandey R. D. Garg 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2008,36(1):69-76
Water is the most important natural resource which forms the core of the ecological system. The advent of remote sensing has
opened up new vistas in groundwater prospect evaluation, exploration and management. The groundwater resources of the study
area, Rishikesh region of Garhwal Himalayas, are under threat due to population pressure caused by expanding tourism in this
region. This entails sustainable and judicious use of this precious resource. The groundwater prospect evaluation in Rishikesh
region has been attempted based on hydrogeomorphological mapping of the area consisting of thematic maps of hydrogeomorphology,
geology, drainage, lineament, slope and relief using high resolution IRS-1C LISS III and PAN merged satellite images. The
Rishikesh region exhibits diverse hydrogeomorphological conditions where the groundwater regime is controlled mainly by topography
and geology. A probability-weighted approach has been applied during overlay analysis in ArcMap GIS environment. The overlay
analysis allows a linear combination of weights of each thematic map with respect to ground water potential. Good groundwater
prospects dominate in the area with more than 50% of the study area showing moderate to excellent potential. The study shows
that the remote sensing and geoinformatics techniques can be applied effectively for groundwater prospect evaluation. 相似文献
11.
Ashok Kumar 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》1999,27(1):13-22
Alaunja watershed, located on ‘Chotanagpur’ plateau of Bihar, is mainly under single cropping. The area receives more than 1000 mm of rainfall but it has not been utilised properly to increase the agricultural output. The remote sensing, geophysical, DBTM (Digital Basement Terrain Model) and GIS (Geographic information System) techniques were used for providing scientific database for sustainable utilisation of water resources in watershed perspective. The landuse, soil and surface water body maps have been prepared using remotely sensed data. DBTM has been generated based on depth of basement information derived from geophysical data to provide information regarding aquifer geometry, fracture zones and sub-surface basins. Analysis indicated that surface and groundwater resources have potential to irrigate 53 per cent of geographical area of the watershed. But at present, this available potential has been utilised only to irrigate 7.03 per cent area of the watershed. Feasibility for large scale development of groundwater through dugwell is possible only in 2 per cent area of the watershed. The available groundwater potential to irrigate 28 per cent area of watershed can not be utilised through dugwells. The surface water potential is also poorly utilised. The present study also helped in prioritising the water resource development activities. 相似文献
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Remotely sensed data can provide useful information in understanding the distribution of groundwater, an important source
of water supply throughout the world. In the present study, the modern geomatic technologies, namely remote sensing and GIS
were used in the identification of groundwater potential zones in the Kanyakumari and Nambiyar basins of Tamil Nadu in India.
The multivariate statistical technique was used to find out the relationship between rainfall and groundwater resource characteristics.
It has been found out that groundwater not only depends upon rainfall, but various other factors also influence its occurrence.
Eight such parameters were considered and multi criterion analysis has been carried out in order to find out the potential
zones. Accordingly, it had been concluded that the Kanyakumari river basin has more ground water potential, whereas the Nambiyar
basin has less potential. Thus surface investigation of groundwater has proved to be easier, time consistent and cheaper using
the geomatic technologies. 相似文献
14.
Identification of Groundwater Potential Zones Using Remote Sensing Techniques In and Around Guntur Town, Andhra Pradesh, India 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
N. Subba Rao G. K. J. Chakradhar V. Srinivas 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2001,29(1-2):69-78
The area in and around Guntur Town in Andhra Pradesh faces an acute water problem. It represents plain land and gentle slope responsible for infiltration and groundwater recharge. Adequate groundwater resource is reported to be available in the investigated area. It has not been properly exploited. The present investigation is, therefore, undertaken to assess groundwater favourable zones for development and exploration with the help of geomorphological units and associated features. The identified units and features by remote sensing technology with the integration of conventional information and limited ground truths are shallow weathered pediplain (PPS), moderately weathered pediplain (PPM), deeply weathered pediplain (PPD), residual hill (RH) and lineaments (L). The results show that the PPD, PPM and PPS are good, moderate to good and poor to moderate promising zones, respectively for groundwater prospecting. The RH is a poor geomorphological unit in respect to prospective zone as groundwater resource. However, adequate recharge source of groundwater can be expected surrounding the RH, as it acts as surface run-off zone. Lineaments parallel to the stream courses and intersecting-lineaments are favourable indicators for groundwater development. They can also be utilized to augment groundwater resource. 相似文献
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The development of groundwater favourability map is an effective tool for the sustainability management of groundwater resources in typical agricultural regions, such as southern Perak Province, Malaysia. Assessing the potentiality and pollution vulnerability of groundwater is a fundamental phase of favourability mapping. A geographic information system (GIS)-based Boolean operator of a spatial analyst module was applied to combine a groundwater potentiality map (GPM) model and a groundwater vulnerability to pollution index (GVPI) map, thereby establishing the favourable zones for drinking water exploration in the investigated area. The area GPM model was evaluated by applying a GIS-based Dempster–Shafer–evidential belief function model. In the evaluation, six geoelectrically determined groundwater potential conditioning factors (i.e. overburden resistivity, overburden thickness, aquifer resistivity, aquifer thickness, aquifer transmissivity and hydraulic conductivity) were synthesized by employing the probability-based algorithms of the model. The generated thematic maps of the seven hydrogeological parameters of the DRASTIC model were considered as pollution potential conditioning factors and were analysed with the developed ordered weighted average–DRASTIC index model algorithms to construct the GVPI map. Approximately 88.8 and 85.71% prediction accuracies for the Groundwater Potentiality and GVPI maps were established using the reacting operating characteristic curve method and water quality status–vulnerability zone relationship scheme, respectively. Finally, the area groundwater favourability map (GFM) model was produced by applying a GIS-based Boolean operator on the Groundwater Potentiality and GVPI maps. The GFM model reveals three distinct zones: ‘not suitable’, ‘less suitable’ and ‘very suitable’ zones. The area analysis of the GFM model indicates that more than 50% of the study area is covered by the ‘very suitable’ zones. Results produce a suitability map that can be used by local authorities for the exploitation and management of drinking water in the area. The study findings can also be applied as a tool to help increase public awareness of groundwater issues in developing countries. 相似文献
17.
Impervious surfaces have a significant impact on urban runoff, groundwater, base flow, water quality, and climate. Increase in Anthropogenic Impervious Surfaces (AIS) for a region is a true representation of urban expansion. Monitoring of AIS in an urban region is helpful for better urban planning and resource management. Cost effective and efficient maps of AIS can be obtained for larger areas using remote sensing techniques. In the present study, extraction of AIS has been carried out using Double window Flexible Pace Search (DFPS) from a new index named as Normalized Difference Impervious Surface Index (NDAISI). NDAISI is developed by enhancing Biophysical Composition Index (BCI) in two stages using a new Modified Normalized Difference Soil Index (MNDSI). MNDSI has been developed from Band 7 and Band 8 (PAN) of Landsat 8 data. In comparison to existing impervious surface extraction methods, the new NDAISI approach is able to improve Spectral Discrimination Index (SDI) for bare soil and AIS significantly. Overall accuracy of mapping of AIS, using NDAISI approach has been found to be increased by nearly 23% when compared with existing impervious surface extraction methods. 相似文献
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Delineation of groundwater potential zones using remote sensing and GIS-based data-driven models 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
The rapid increase in human population has increased the groundwater resources demand for drinking, agricultural and industrial purposes. The main purpose of this study is to produce groundwater potential map (GPM) using weights-of-evidence (WOE) and evidential belief function (EBF) models based on geographic information system in the Azna Plain, Lorestan Province, Iran. A total number of 370 groundwater wells with discharge more than 10 m3s?1were considered and out of them, 256 (70%) were randomly selected for training purpose, while the remaining114 (30%) were used for validating the model. In next step, the effective factors on the groundwater potential such as altitude, slope aspect, slope angle, curvature, distance from rivers, drainage density, topographic wetness index, fault distance, fault density, lithology and land use were derived from the spatial geodatabases. Subsequently, the GPM was produced using WOE and EBF models. Finally, the validation of the GPMs was carried out using areas under the ROC curve (AUC). Results showed that the GPM prepared using WOE model has the success rate of 73.62%. Similarly, the AUC plot showed 76.21% prediction accuracy for the EBF model which means both the models performed fairly good predication accuracy. The GPMs are useful sources for planners and engineers in water resource management, land use planning and hazard mitigation purpose. 相似文献
20.
Today the world is facing the biggest crisis for water. The available both surface and groundwater resources are not sufficient to meet all the water requirements for all purpose. The optimal and sustainable development of the resource is a prerequisite so that it is assessed reliably to avoid any future problems regarding its qualitative and quantitative availability. The interpretation of remote sensing data in conjunction with ancillary data and sufficient ground truth information makes it possible to identify and outline various ground features such as geological structures, geomorphic features and their hydraulic characters, that may serve as direct or indirect indicators of the presence of ground and surface water. Remote sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS) have emerged to meet ever-increasing demand for more precise and timely information. These techniques permit rapid and cost effective natural resource survey and management. Remotely sensed data provides unbiased informations on geology, geomorphology, structural pattern and recharging conditions, which logically define the groundwater regime and help to generate water resources development action plan. The present study is an attempt to prepare a water resource development action plan for Sasti watershed of Chandrapur district, Maharashtra using remote sensing and G1S. 相似文献