共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
邵巨良 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1998,(4)
讨论一个摄影测量网络的三维自动重建。其中,重点讨论了无需相似性量测的多片影像匹配。该匹配算法包括了所有影像作为参考影像的连续考虑和整个网络同时匹配。本文中,三维坐标矢量只用于剔除多余候选点,对精度提高无任何贡献。本方法的精度是通过子像素的特征点提取和多片交会得到的。 相似文献
2.
A comparison of dense matching algorithms for scaled surface reconstruction using stereo camera rigs
Photogrammetric methods for dense 3D surface reconstruction are increasingly available to both professional and amateur users who have requirements that span a wide variety of applications. One of the key concerns in choosing an appropriate method is to understand the achievable accuracy and how choices made within the workflow can alter that outcome. In this paper we consider accuracy in two components: the ability to generate a correctly scaled 3D model; and the ability to automatically deliver a high quality data set that provides good agreement to a reference surface. The determination of scale information is particularly important, since a network of images usually only provides angle measurements and thus leads to unscaled geometry. A solution is the introduction of known distances in object space, such as base lines between camera stations or distances between control points. In order to avoid using known object distances, the method presented in this paper exploits a calibrated stereo camera utilizing the calibrated base line information from the camera pair as an observational based geometric constraint. The method provides distance information throughout the object volume by orbiting the object.In order to test the performance of this approach, four topical surface matching methods have been investigated to determine their ability to produce accurate, dense point clouds. The methods include two versions of Semi-Global Matching as well as MicMac and Patch-based Multi-View Stereo (PMVS). These methods are implemented on a set of stereo images captured from four carefully selected objects by using (1) an off-the-shelf low cost 3D camera and (2) a pair of Nikon D700 DSLR cameras rigidly mounted in close proximity to each other. Inter-comparisons demonstrate the subtle differences between each of these permutations. The point clouds are also compared to a dataset obtained with a Nikon MMD laser scanner. Finally, the established process of achieving accurate point clouds from images and known object space distances are compared with the presented strategies.Results from the matching demonstrate that if a good imaging network is provided, using a stereo camera and bundle adjustment with geometric constraints can effectively resolve the scale. Among the strategies for dense 3D reconstruction, using the presented method for solving the scale problem and PMVS on the images captured with two DSLR cameras resulted in a dense point cloud as accurate as the Nikon laser scanner dataset. 相似文献
3.
We propose a method for geometric areal object matching based on multi‐criteria decision making. To enable this method, we focused on determining the matched areal object pairs that have all relations, one‐to‐one relationships to many‐to‐many relationships, in different spatial data sets by fusing geometric criteria without user invention. First, we identified candidate corresponding areal object pairs with a graph‐based approach in training data. Second, three matching criteria (areal hausdorff distance, intersection ratio, and turning function distance) were calculated in candidate corresponding pairs and these criteria were normalized. Third, the shape similarity was calculated by weighted linear combination using the normalized matching criteria (similarities) with the criteria importance through intercriteria correlation method. Fourth, a threshold (0.738) of the shape similarity estimated in the plot of precision versus recall versus all possible thresholds of training data was applied, and the matched pairs were determined and identified. Finally, we visually validated the detection of similar areal feature pairs and conducted statistical evaluation using precision, recall, and F‐measure values from a confusion matrix. Their values were 0.905, 0.848, and 0.876, respectively. These results validate that the proposed classifier, which detects 87.6% of matched areal pairs, is highly accurate. 相似文献
4.
Systematic Geometric Image Measurement Errors of Circular Object Targets: Mathematical Formulation and Correction 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The use of circular object targets is very common in spatial photogrammetric object reconstruction. An object circle is projected on to the image plane as an ellipse if the object plane and the image plane are not parallel to each other. The image co-ordinates of the centre of the ellipse are usually determined automatically by means of digital image processing. These co-ordinates are then used as observations for a subsequent reconstruction of the three dimensional object point. The image co-ordinates of the centre of the ellipse and the true co-ordinates of the projected centre of the circular object target are not identical; thus eccentricity is caused, resulting in systematic geometric image measurement errors. This paper describes the functional context of this eccentricity for a typical target/camera set-up. The possible solutions for a correction of this systematic eccentricity error are derived. Guidelines for the correct combination of object target sizes and exposure distances, guaranteeing reliable image point measurements and accurate object point determination, are proposed. 相似文献
5.
多视铅垂线轨迹法（multi-view vertical line locus,MVLL）能够以物方地面铅垂线为几何约束,匹配获取物方空间点的最佳高程,是一种实用的多基线立体影像匹配方法。针对MVLL匹配方法中的物方空间点独立匹配、缺少整体性约束问题,将物方空间局部光滑特性应用至匹配过程,提出了一种半全局约束下的多基线立体影像MVLL匹配方法。首先,将物方空间点沿地面铅垂线上的准确高程搜索,等效至像方空间沿核线方向上的准确视差搜索;其次,采用MVLL匹配方法计算物方空间点在多张影像上的等效像方匹配测度;然后,采用半全局匹配法（semi-global matching, SGM）对匹配测度进行多路径聚合分析,得到物方空间局部光滑约束下的等效视差图;最后,将等效视差图转化为物方空间点匹配高程,并对多基线立体影像进行多分辨率匹配处理,实现整体最优条件下的MVLL匹配。采用多类型地形特征与局部区域影像进行匹配实验与对比分析,实验结果表明,所提方法能够对多类型地形特征的物方空间匹配测度进行优化,获取更加可靠的匹配结果,具有更高的影像匹配性能。 相似文献
6.
对缺乏纹理物体建立三维模型,关键的难度在于缺乏特征点和点的坐标获得。本文采用ICP算法来对物体进行匹配,当特征点不足时,ICP算法是一个很适用的匹配方法,只需要对物体的给定点寻找最近点。为了计算目标点的坐标,利用投影器投射清晰稳定的纹理到缺乏纹理物体的表面,然后CCD相机对物体进行拍摄。通过线检测和空间前方交会解算出物体部分模型表面的空间点;并使用无需控制点的ICP方法对相互重叠的部分模型进行匹配,从而完成物体的三维重建。实验证明ICP方法对缺乏纹理物体的三维曲面匹配有效。 相似文献
7.
建筑信息模型(BIM)已经被广泛用于提高复杂管线系统的管理效率,但已有石油管线的BIM建模,往往依靠设计图纸或现场测绘手工完成,耗时费力。为此本文提出了一种融合RGB-D深度图像和LiDAR点云数据的石油管线BIM重建方法。首先利用RGB-D图像提供的丰富语义信息和LiDAR点云精确几何信息,对深度相机采集的RGB图像进行分割,生成三维语义地图;然后通过点云粗匹配和精确匹配实现数据融合;最后给出了不同结构管线构件的BIM模型制作方法。试验结果表明,与以往的管线BIM重建方法相比,该方法更准确、高效,有助于石油企业对含有复杂管线的计转站等实施信息化管理。 相似文献
8.
针对三维城市模型重建,提出了一种利用倾斜影像实现城市模型纹理快速重建的方法。该方法基于摄影测量计算机视觉理论,在事先处理得到城市建筑物数字表面模型的基础上,利用共线方程计算物方与像方的几何投影关系,获得建筑物的三维信息与纹理信息。通过一定的最优算法选择出地物面的理想纹理,实现城市建筑物纹理的自动提取及稠密建筑物纹理的遮挡处理。真实影像纹理重建的结果表明:应用本文方法进行三维城市模型纹理重建具有自动化程度高、效果逼真、成本低的特点,为快速、大面积的城市真三维模型纹理重建提供了一种有效的实现途径。 相似文献
9.
视觉影像经常存在纹理情况复杂和动态模糊等情况,严重降低了连续影像间各类特征的相似性,导致传统的匹配算法难以获得准确、稳定、分布良好的影像匹配,影响后续影像处理中各类信息的获取。针对上述情况,本文提出了一种改进SURF视觉影像匹配方法。该方法包括特征提取、初始匹配和对应匹配3个步骤。首先,利用SURF特征匹配方法提取足够且分布良好的特征点;其次,进行初始匹配,得到一些正确的匹配点对及影像对之间的初始投影变换关系;最后,采用几何对应匹配策略进行匹配传播,得到更可靠的匹配结果。通过图像对之间的几何关系,几何对应匹配能够发现比初始SURF算法更合适的匹配结果。对TUM数据综合试验表明,该算法简单快速,匹配精度高。 相似文献
10.
广义点摄影测量及其应用 总被引：28，自引：3，他引：28
将传统的点摄影测量与当代发展的线摄影测量以及无穷远点理论综合升华为广义点摄影测量理论。论述了广义点摄影测量理论。介绍了其应用。包括由灭点计算影像参数及单像建模。由矢量与影像的匹配确定影像的参数，钣金件的检测与由轮廓线匹配确定飞机的姿态等。 相似文献
11.
沿海矿山生态环境修复中遥感影像自动配准方法的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文从遥感影像解译角度出发，浅析遥感影像解译在沿海矿山生态修复调查中的作用，概略梳理沿海矿山生态修复遥感解译的基本方法，针对基于光学遥感图像配准技术存在的问题，提出了一种利用对象区域形状特征的配准方法。本文采用分割方法提取基准图像和待配准图像中具有结构性的小区域，按照小区域的属性与几何形状特征进行匹配，利用空间关系做控制约束，查询正确的同名小区域对，提取小区域的中心点作为匹配控制点对，解算仿射变换模型参数，有效解决影像间的自动配准问题。采用该方法对实际光学影像进行试验，取得了良好的试验结果与实用价值，为沿海矿山生态修复调查工作中确定矿山空间位置与设计方案提供了保障。 相似文献
12.
This paper will discuss strategies for trinocular image rectification and matching for linear object tracking. It is well known that a pair of stereo images generates two epipolar images. Three overlapped images can yield six epipolar images in situations where any two are required to be rectified for the purpose of image matching. In this case, the search for feature correspondences is computationally intensive and matching complexity increases. A special epipolar image rectification for three stereo images, which simplifies the image matching process, is therefore proposed. This method generates only three rectified images, with the result that the search for matching features becomes more straightforward. With the three rectified images, a particular line-segment-based correspondence strategy is suggested. The primary characteristics of the feature correspondence strategy include application of specific epipolar geometric constraints and reference to three-ray triangulation residuals in object space. 相似文献
13.
SHAO Juliang Clive Fraser 《地球空间信息科学学报》2000,3(2):13-18,40
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14.
针对数字近景摄影测量中的人工标志点快速自动匹配问题,提出了一种基于双片空间前方交会的匹配算法。首先,通过计算投影线间的最短距离确定一组初始匹配点;然后通过双片空间前方交会计算相应物方点坐标;最后反求该物方点坐标在其他像片上的像点坐标,通过比较该像点与初始匹配点的坐标差确定同名像点。两组实验均证明,该算法计算速度快,具有高匹配率和低误匹配率。 相似文献
15.
针对无人机倾斜影像匹配时,由于冗余数据量大、影像几何变形大和重复纹理导致基于SIFT特征点的无人机倾斜影像匹配效率和可靠性低的问题,本文提出一种基于POS辅助和核线约束的倾斜影像匹配方法。在该方法中,首先利用机载GNSS/IMU设备获取的影像POS数据计算影像间在物方的重叠区域,接着将物方重叠区投影至像方,根据两幅影像的像方重叠率筛选高可靠像对;其次采用SIFT-GPU算法对影像提取特征点,并根据POS数据估计像对间的核线关系;然后在核线约束下,以描述子间的欧氏距离为相似性测度,实现特征点的高效稳健匹配;最后采用RANSAC算法剔除误匹配。通过对两组倾斜影像做匹配试验验证了本文方法的可行性。 相似文献
16.
由于受到多重因素的影响,影像中提取的线特征经常出现断裂、变形、遮挡等问题。为克服上述问题对线特征匹配的影响,本文提出一种结合离散化描述与同名点约束的航空影像线特征匹配算法。算法首先利用单应性约束结合核线约束精简候选线特征数量;然后采用“以点代线”的方式,通过统计线上同名点的分布情况确定线特征初匹配结果;最后根据线特征与其邻域内同名点间的距离关系对匹配结果进行核验,以保证匹配的可靠性。选取AMC580相机系统所获得的航空影像进行线特征匹配试验,结果表明,本文算法匹配正确率高,匹配速度相对较快,并可实现曲线匹配及断裂线特征的多对多匹配。与已有匹配算法进行比较,本文算法在影像间存在有尺度、亮度、旋转变换等复杂条件下的匹配正确率均高于90%,具有较好的匹配稳定性。 相似文献
17.
18.
Frank A. van den Heuvel 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》1998,53(6):354-368
Photogrammetry has many advantages as a technique for the acquisition of three-dimensional models for virtual reality. But the traditional photogrammetric process to extract 3D geometry from multiple images is often considered too labour-intensive. In this paper a method is presented with which a polyhedral object model can be efficiently derived from measurements in a single image combined with geometric knowledge on the object. Man-made objects can often be described by a polyhedral model and usually many geometric constraints are valid. These constraints are inferred during image interpretation or may even be extracted automatically. In this paper different types of geometric constraints and their use for object reconstruction are discussed. Applying more constraints than needed for reconstruction will lead to redundancy and thereby to the need for an adjustment. The redundancy is the basis for reliability that is introduced by testing for possible measurement errors. The adjusted observations are used for object reconstruction in a separate step. Of course the model that is obtained from a single image will not be complete, for instance due to occlusion. An arbitrary number of models can be combined using similarity transformations based on the coordinates of common points. The information gathered allows for a bundle adjustment if highest accuracy is strived for. In virtual reality applications this is generally not the case, as quality is mainly determined by visual perception. A visual aspect of major importance is the photo-realistic texture mapped to the faces of the object. This texture is extracted from the same (single) image. In this paper the measurement process, the different types of constraints, their adjustment and the object model reconstruction are treated. A practical application of the proposed method is discussed in which a texture mapped model of a historic building is constructed and the repeatability of the method is assessed. The application shows the feasibility of the method and the potential of photogrammetry as an efficient tool for the production of 3D models for virtual reality applications. 相似文献
19.
在基于倾斜影像的城市场景重建过程中,由于获取影像时存在场景遮蔽和大视点变化的情况,建筑物立面等区域存在着影像密集匹配点云稀疏甚至空洞的情况,自动化重建难度大,难以反映建筑物的真实形态。本文提出了一种新的基于倾斜影像的城市场景隐式曲面重建方法：首先,以倾斜影像密集匹配点云为基础建立Delaunay四面体;然后,对Delaunay四面体进行约束图割,提取出可视化的三角面,进而更加精确地估计点云的法向信息;最终,结合Screened Poisson曲面重建,实现了城市场景的隐式曲面重建。通过多种隐式曲面重建方法的对比试验,验证了本方法的准确性和适用性。 相似文献
20.
提出一种新的激光扫描点云与数字影像结合的文物三维重建方法。利用格网板进行数码相机的标定获取影像的内方位元素；利用激光扫描数据，建立三角网物体表面模型；利用人工选取控制点，进行单片空间后方交会，获取影像的外方位元素；将三维表面模型投影到影像对象，利用影像匹配在现有的三角网内部继续通过影像匹配增加同名点，从而进行三角网的细分加密；最后通过OpenGL纹理映射建立带有逼真纹理的物体三维表面模型。 相似文献