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城市垃圾填埋的主要环境地质问题 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
梁金火 《水文地质工程地质》1991,18(1):44-47,49
城市绝大多数垃圾填场设在土体中,土体性质是影响垃圾处理的一个重要因素。研究垃圾处理场中各种物质与地质环境的相互作用是环境地须学的一个重要议题。垃圾处理的环境地质研究主要包括以下几个方面:垃圾填埋场中的各种化学反应;垃圾填埋场中各种有害物质对环境的污染;垃圾填埋场的设计;垃圾填埋场泄漏废液的处理。 相似文献
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城市垃圾问题是影响城市环境的一个重要因素,已引起世界各国的普遍重视。垃圾包围城市的现状正困扰着许多城市。因此,城市垃圾 的综合处理已成为保护城市环境、保护城市发展和建设必须解决的问题之一,本文以哈尔滨市为例,探讨了各种垃圾处理方法的可行性,提出了实现垃圾减容化、无害化、资源化的措施。 相似文献
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我省城市污水、垃圾处理设施建设起步较晚,至2001年底,我省城市污水处理率仅24％,落后于全国平均水平12个百分点,垃圾无害化处理率仅64.7％,大多数中小城市由于建设资金困难还未建设污水处理厂和垃圾无害化处理场,生活垃圾未经处理简易堆放,污水直接排放,不同程度造成了环境污染,影响 相似文献
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德国的垃圾处理问题已经通过地上和地下处理两种措施得以解决。文中讨论处置场地的不同类型,阐明一般场地的选择标准和关于不同垃圾处理类型效果评价的更精确的标准。从长期安全度观点出发,除纯粹的工程观点外,还应包括地质和水文地质的观点。许多讨论地质体和垃圾间矛盾的研究工作正在进行。有关有毒物质和作为隔离体地质体之间长期相互作用的一些研究成果已在文中列出,联邦德国的有毒物质处理指南目前正在制定。 相似文献
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近年来,全国各地新建了大量的垃圾填埋场,其中多有不符合垃圾处理处置场地建设规范的,垃圾填埋场渗滤液对地下水的污染风险也逐年凸显,这就要求对后续垃圾填埋场建设时,在环评阶段做好垃圾填埋场渗滤液对地下水的污染风险预测,为垃圾填埋场地下水污染预防设施的设计与建设提供指导。本文探索了垃圾渗滤液在包气带和含水层中的联合运移模拟,首先利用Hydrus建立包气带模型,模拟垃圾渗滤液中氨氮在包气带中的迁移转化,在此基础上用Visual Modflow软件建立地下含水层模型,对比渗滤液经过包气带过滤和没经过包气带过滤两种情景下的污染范围和程度。模拟结果显示,包气带和含水层联合运移模拟渗滤液泄漏后的运移途径和路线,更接近渗滤液进入含水层的实际情况。 相似文献
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根据霞浦三洲村附近海域的岸段海漂垃圾的来源、分布特征、组合类型及变化情况进行实地调查取证,再通过无人机对沿岸附近开展航拍与海漂垃圾遥感监测信息提取与评价研究工作。以无人机航拍影像为数据源,采用人机交互解译的方式对研究区内的海漂垃圾进行信息提取,结合野外调查,快速、客观地查明海漂垃圾的分布、类型及面积等,并提出采用网格法对研究岸段的海漂垃圾分布情况进行分析,结果表明,在研究区内海漂垃圾以渔业垃圾为主,占总海漂垃圾60.64%,海漂垃圾分布密度为582.89 m2/hm2,为海漂垃圾的综合整治工作提供基础数据,且为开展同一类型的研究工作提供参考。 相似文献
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Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
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The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
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Muriel Rocher Stéphane Baize Stéphane Jaillet Edward Marc Cushing Yannick Lozac&#x;h Francis Lemeille 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(8):701-708
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
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正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level 相似文献
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正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7), 相似文献
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正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci- 相似文献
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正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli- 相似文献
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正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.) 相似文献
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正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861 相似文献