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2017年8月8日九寨沟Ms7.0级地震诱发了数以千计的崩滑地质灾害,造成景区内道路阻塞,设施损毁,严重威胁到了来往游客及景区内住民的生命财产安全。因此对景区进行地质灾害风险性评价尤为重要。本文以景区内悬沟崩塌危岩体为研究对象,通过分析危岩威胁范围、可能造成的危害程度,承灾体的抗灾能力以及流动承灾体受损情况,建立风险评价模型,将风险评价进行量化。评价结果表明,危岩带1、危岩体1为低风险。危岩带3为中等风险;危岩带2为高风险,严重威胁到了坡脚公路及来往游客的生命财产安全,要高度重视,尽快着手防护措施设计,避免造成更大的损失。 相似文献
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汶川地震重灾区,由地震触发的地质灾害数量很多,其中危岩体稳定性判定为灾害治理重点工作。基于可靠度理论,针对坠落式危岩体稳定性极限状态特征,建立其可靠度判定概率极限状态方程,并采用现场量测及概率统计方法,对功能函数中危岩破裂面倾角、危岩等效摩擦角、单位长度危岩体重力、危岩等效黏聚力c、危岩体高度h等基本变量的均值、变异性及分布形态进行确定。基于以上研究成果,建立了坠落式危岩体稳定性可靠度指标计算方法,同时对各基本变量的可靠度敏感性进行研究,研究结果表明:其敏感性由大到小依次为危岩破裂面倾角、危岩等效黏聚力c、危岩的高度h、单位长度危岩体重力、危岩等效摩擦角,研究成果为坠落式危岩体稳定性判定和治理方案设计提供参考依据。 相似文献
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贾峪口土洞崩塌灾害隐患点位于房山区佛子庄乡贾峪口村北侧,坡顶处存在两条近东西走向的危岩带,坡顶及坡面处植被发育较好,坡顶处未发现明显后缘裂缝,整体稳定性较好,但危岩带内大面积基岩裸露,受雨水冲刷及差异风化等作用影响,表面较为破碎,呈块状、碎裂状,岩腔、裂隙发育。通过勘查掌握了该危岩带及危岩体的基本特征,分析了其主要破坏方式及危岩的运动特征,并对其稳定性进行了定性分析与定量计算。结果表明,危岩带及危岩体在暴雨、地震等工况条件下处于不稳定状态,具有发生崩塌灾害的隐患。针对危岩带的特点,提出危岩清削+主动防护网+被动防护网的治理措施,较为有效地解除了该区域的安全隐患。 相似文献
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丹霞地貌地区是我国地质灾害高发区,裸露的近水平红色砂岩、砾岩陡崖是其最主要的地质特征。在地质构造与包括化学溶蚀、物理风化、重力和生物等内外动力作用下,陡崖岩体节理裂隙十分发育,危岩崩滑灾害表现出变形模式复杂、破坏力强的特点,并且由于坡体结构复杂,工程勘察难度大。为此,以四面山景区滴水岩变形危岩为例,介绍了一种基于无人机勘查技术的高陡破碎岩坡表生节理面的野外快速识别方法及高精度图像建模方法,在准确把握危岩体控制结构面的空间展布特征的基础上,建立了符合丹霞地貌高位破碎危岩的三维随机裂隙网络模型。以期为地区危岩稳定性评价与防治工作提供理论指导。 相似文献
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望霞危岩历史上多次发生山体崩滑变形破坏,最近两次大的危岩变形破坏都发生在雨季过后的10月份。鉴于此从危岩体区域地质背景、降雨、岩体结构等几个方面分别论述了产生崩塌灾害的原因,同时根据危岩体各段的变形特征及监测资料分析。认为,望霞危岩体的产生和发展,主要受控于特殊的地质构造环境和临空的高陡边坡条件,在持续性降雨的诱发下使危岩体多次失稳。结合2010年10月21号灾变后的监测数据,该危岩体总体变形趋势持续增大,还可能再次发生破坏,为此作者采用指数平滑法预测模型,以危岩的变形值和变形速率为判据,对危岩再次失稳时间进行动态跟踪预报,根据危岩的实际情况,对部分监测点位移进行了试验性及验证性的建模和预测,取得了较高的预测精度。对该危岩体的防治施工及确保长江航运安全具有重要的意义。 相似文献
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《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2021,(5)
丹霞地貌地区是我国地质灾害高发区,裸露的近水平红色砂岩、砾岩陡崖是其最主要的地质特征。在地质构造与包括化学溶蚀、物理风化、重力和生物等内外动力作用下,陡崖岩体节理裂隙十分发育,危岩崩滑灾害表现出变形模式复杂、破坏力强的特点,并且由于坡体结构复杂,工程勘察难度大。为此,以四面山景区滴水岩变形危岩为例,介绍了一种基于无人机勘查技术的高陡破碎岩坡表生节理面的野外快速识别方法及高精度图像建模方法,在准确把握危岩体控制结构面的空间展布特征的基础上,建立了符合丹霞地貌高位破碎危岩的三维随机裂隙网络模型。以期为地区危岩稳定性评价与防治工作提供理论指导。 相似文献
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危岩体的空间预测问题一直是危岩研究的热点和难点,危岩体的空间预测即表达不同自然地质条件下的危岩体的空间危险程度,因此其实质就是对危岩的危险度进行评价。目前危岩空间预测以定性和半定量方法为主,依靠专家经验判断。围绕如何定量地预测危岩的危险度,利用信息熵原理,结合三峡库区重庆市万州区37个危岩体的数据,计算各评价因子的客观权重,建立了定量评价模型。计算各个危岩体的危险度,通过实地调查对评价结果进行了对比验证。结果显示准确率达86.5%,可作为危岩体危险度评价和空间预测的新方法,为危岩的预警和防治提供科学依据。 相似文献
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近15年来,北京飞云瀑景点附近发生过2次大规模崩塌,崩塌堆积岩块体积累计达450 m3,崩塌岩块已滚落覆盖至景区小路。经勘查,确定了1处危岩体及1处危岩带,该危岩体及危岩带对本景点的正常观赏及过往游人构成极大威胁。本文对该景点的崩塌地质灾害地质特征进行了简要介绍;对地质灾害成因、自然发展趋势等进行了初步探讨;对危岩体(带)的稳定性进行了计算、分析及评价;对可能采用的治理方法进行了比选分析。为了最大程度地保护景观资源,最终选择了以避让为主的治理措施,并对选定的治理方案及计算进行了阐述。 相似文献
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Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
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Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
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The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
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Emmanuel Skourtsos Daniel Vachard Alexandra Zambetakis-Lekkas Rossana Martini Louisette Zaninetti 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(12):925-931
Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931. 相似文献
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正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.) 相似文献
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正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.) 相似文献
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正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.) 相似文献
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正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus., 相似文献
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正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an 相似文献