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1.
位于四川茂县南新镇的周场坪滑坡是一大型古滑坡,曾于1982年发生大规模快速复活,目前滑体半堰塞岷江。野外地质调查表明,周场坪滑坡在平面上呈不规则长舌形,长约850 m,滑体前后缘高差约350 m;在剖面上发育3级滑动,钻探揭露滑带埋深以50~70 m为主,推测潜在失稳滑坡体积为1 500×10 4~2 000×10 4 m 3。周场坪滑坡在平面上分为4个变形区,在滑体中后部和前缘坡脚发育大量拉裂缝与下错陡坎,拉裂缝宽度以0.2~3.0 m为主,陡坎下错高度2~10 m。在野外调查和钻探分析的基础上,对该滑坡开展了地表位移(GNSS)、深部蠕滑变形(钻孔测斜仪)和雨量等监测。监测分析表明,目前周场坪滑坡后缘变形速率达0.80 m/a,中部和前缘分别为0.69 m/a和0.51 m/a,呈推移式滑动变形,整体向NW310°方向滑动;地表位移速率在监测期内基本在1~3 mm/d之间波动,波动主要受降雨量影响,且略滞后于降雨量;滑移加速度基本在0~6 mm/d 2范围波动。ZK2钻孔测斜仪监测数据表明,滑坡在80 m深度内主要沿2层滑带蠕滑,其中浅层滑带埋深在22 m左右,深层滑带埋深在46 m左右,滑移速率在0~5 mm/d范围波动。综合研究认为,周场坪滑坡目前处于缓慢变形的深层蠕滑中,其变形速率受降雨和河流侵蚀等因素的影响,在极端内、外动力条件下,可能会加速滑动,并再次整体复活,造成堵塞岷江等危害。 相似文献
2.
通过对川藏公路茶树山滑坡地质环境条件的系统调查研究,分析了滑坡岩土体结构、边界条件、变形特征、影响因素,并结合3DEC数值模拟,对其变形破坏机制进行了深入的探讨。综合分析表明,滑坡位于活动断裂带内,后缘斜坡陡峭,岩体破碎,同时前缘为较厚的松散堆积体斜坡,在地震活动、降雨等影响因素的诱发作用下,滑坡成因机制主要表现为以下3个阶段:(1)倾倒拉裂阶段,滑坡受后缘地形及岩体结构控制作用较为明显,在坡体浅表层一定深度范围内出现较为强烈的倾倒拉裂变形带,产生倾倒-拉裂滑动;(2)蠕滑变形阶段,前缘松散堆积体在强大的自重推力作用下发生蠕滑变形;(3)前部"锁骨段"剪断,整体失稳阶段,滑坡前部锁骨段在自重推力及断层活动的持续影响下,发生剪断,控制后缘倾倒拉裂体稳定性的潜在滑面与前缘松散堆积体体内的剪切滑动面贯通,滑坡整体失稳。 相似文献
3.
金沙江上游沃达滑坡自1985年开始出现变形,现今地表宏观变形迹象明显,存在进一步失稳滑动和堵江的风险。采用遥感解译、地面调查、工程地质钻探和综合监测等方法,分析了沃达滑坡空间结构和复活变形特征,阐明了滑坡潜在复活失稳模式,并采用经验公式计算分析了滑坡堵江危险性。结果表明:沃达滑坡为一特大型滑坡,体积约28.81×106 m3,推测其在晚更新世之前发生过大规模滑动;滑坡堆积体目前整体处于蠕滑变形阶段,局部处于加速变形阶段;复活变形范围主要集中在中前部,且呈现向后渐进变形破坏特征,复活区右侧变形比左侧强烈。滑坡存在浅层和深层两级滑面,平均埋深分别约15.0,25.5 m,相应地可能出现两种潜在失稳模式:滑坡强变形区沿浅层滑带滑动失稳时,形成的堵江堰塞坝高度约87.2 m;滑坡整体沿深层滑带滑动失稳时,形成的堵江堰塞坝高度约129.2 m。沃达滑坡存在形成滑坡-堵江-溃决-洪水链式灾害的危险性,建议进一步加强滑坡监测,针对性开展排水、加固等防治工程。 相似文献
4.
三峡库区大型单斜顺层新生滑坡变形特征与失稳机理研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以三峡库区巫山轿顶峰2号滑坡为例,结合库水位变化、地质环境条件资料,通过现场调查测绘、无人机航空摄影测量、工程地质钻探、地表及深部位移监测等方法,详细分析了该滑坡的变形特征、成因机制与发展趋势。该滑坡体积约250×104 m3,为大型单斜顺层新生岩质滑坡。滑坡前后缘高差约380 m,前缘剪出口高陡临空,位于库区蓄水位以下。深部监测数据显示消落带发育两条滑动错动面,分别位于距坡面深度12.0~17.0 m和25.0~30.0 m之间。滑坡目前处于蠕滑变形阶段,受地形地貌、地层结构、消落带劣化以及水的影响,垂直方向变形持续增大,前部劣化带发生崩滑破坏失稳可能性较大,并且存在滑坡涌浪灾害链风险。建议持续开展库区消落带劣化系统观测研究,提升库区新生滑坡灾害识别与预警能力。 相似文献
5.
三峡大坝建成蓄水后,将导致库岸部分古滑体复活、新滑体产生,香溪河流域白家堡滑坡就是其中之一。文章在对该滑坡的工程地质条件、深部位移及伸缩计监测资料的研究基础上,分析了滑坡变形机理,得出白家堡滑坡只有一个滑动面,其总体变形趋势为推移式,目前仍具有微小的变形。滑坡变形与降雨及库水有密切联系。结合试验资料,针对滑坡变形的实际情况,采用反演分析方法进行了滑移面抗剪强度参数的反演计算。利用反演结果,在三峡水库蓄水4种不同水位工况下进行稳定性计算。结果表明,滑坡的稳定性系数经历了大→小→大的过程。正常蓄水位时稳定性处于较低状态。滑坡体饱水处于蠕滑或失稳状态,需尽快进行治理。 相似文献
6.
三峡库区侏罗系顺向岸坡堆积体滑坡众多,其滑动模式存在一定差异。首先统计分析了192个三峡库区侏罗系层位发育的堆积体滑坡滑体及碎石土的工程地质性质和强度参数。在此基础上,运用数值分析软件对堆积体厚度变化引起的滑坡变形机制进行模拟分析。结果表明:堆积体厚度范围在15m及以下滑坡会沿着岩土界线面滑动、15~35m时滑坡会沿着层内剪切面滑动;厚度范围在35m以上时,堆积体滑坡内部可能存在着多层滑带,即滑坡可能沿着层内剪切面滑动或者沿着岩土界线面滑动。堆积体厚度范围在15m及以下时滑坡的治理措施可采用布置抗滑桩;厚度范围15~35m时可采用排水+布置抗滑桩的滑坡治理措施;厚度范围在35m以上时,可采用滑坡前期监测预报+后期根据滑坡发育情况相结合的滑坡防治措施。 相似文献
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8.
滑坡滑动面位置的确定及超前预测 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
依据滑坡深部位移信息,分析滑坡“B”型、“D”型、“r”型变形特征，确定滑坡滑动面位置，提出了滑坡滑动面位置超前预测的位移矢量法。为系统分析及超前预测滑坡滑动面位置提供依据，为深入研究滑坡运动特征提供信息。 相似文献
9.
采用钻孔深部位移监测法,结合工程地质调绘、地表变形监测和室内土工试验,研究了某金矿堆渣体引起潜在滑坡的形成机制,对该潜在滑坡的稳定性进行了分析评价。监测和分析结果表明:该潜在滑坡体存在浅层和深层两个潜在滑动面,潜在滑动面呈弧状,埋深从坡体后缘到前沿逐渐减小;厂区岩土体条件较差,地下水位埋深较浅以及厂房后缘大量堆渣体是发生潜在滑坡体的主要原因;监测结果揭示潜在滑坡体后部变形明显,累计变形量较大,处于加速变形阶段,中部虽未表现出加速变形状态,但变形速率比较大,前部变形速率较小,整体处于极限平衡状态,与稳定性定量计算结果相符。该方法更加清晰地揭示了潜在滑坡体的变形特征,与实际情况比较吻合,可为潜在滑坡稳定性评价与滑坡灾害防治提供科学依据,对类似工程也具有一定的借鉴意义。 相似文献
10.
在西藏昌都市江达县波罗乡发生的两次高位大型滑坡,形成堰塞体阻断金沙江,其溃决洪水对下游造成了巨大损失.本文基于野外地质调查与工程验证、遥感影像、倾斜摄影测量、岩体微观特征,结合区域地质资料进行分析研究.结果表明:(1)白格滑坡发育于金沙江构造混杂岩带,坡体属于河谷型构造破碎松散体;(2)坡体物质主要由弱变形构造透镜体岩块和强变形错动带(糜棱岩带、碎裂岩带、断层泥)组成,镜下岩石结构破坏严重,岩石强度显著降低;(3)断层破碎带控制滑坡体两侧及后缘边界,为滑坡提供了侧向及后缘的切割面;(4)不连续错动带为白格滑坡的滑动层,在重力卸荷作用下发生贯通,导致坡体发生多期次崩滑;(5)综合坡体失稳启动分析,白格滑坡为"推移式+牵引式"混合型滑坡;(6)白格滑坡是在内动力和外动力耦合作用相互交替下促进形成,加之金沙江对坡脚掏蚀,松散体在重力卸荷作用下剪切破坏致使滑坡发生.白格滑坡事件可为研究金沙江构造混杂岩带中大型滑坡形成机制提供依据,同时也为该区域防灾减灾研究提供理论指导. 相似文献
11.
Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
12.
Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
13.
The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
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Muriel Rocher Stéphane Baize Stéphane Jaillet Edward Marc Cushing Yannick Lozac&#x;h Francis Lemeille 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(8):701-708
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
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正20141520 Bo Ying(Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,MLR,Beijing 100037,China);Liu Chenglin Saline Spring Hydrochemical Characteristics and Indicators for Potassium Exploration in Southwestern and Northern Tarim Basin,Xinjiang(Acta Geoscientica Sinica,ISSN1006-3021,CN11-3474/P,34(5),2013,p.594-602,5 illus.,3 tables,28 refs.) 相似文献
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正20141243Chen Ge(Hangzhou Research Institute of Petroleum Geology,PetroChina,Hangzhou 310023,China);Si Chunsong Study on Sedimentary Numerical Simulation Method of Fan Delta Sand Body(Journal of Geology, 相似文献
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正20142599Chen Sanming(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Concealed Deposits Exploration,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin541004,China);He Yuzhou Block Model and Reserves Estimation of Panzhihua Iron Deposit Based on 3D Geological Modeling(Journal of Guilin University of Technology,ISSN1674-9057,CN45-1375/N,33(4),2013,p.610-615,9illus.,1table,15refs.) 相似文献
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正20140594 Bai Daoyuan(Hunan Institute of Geology Survey,Changsha 410016,China);Zhong Xiang Faults in the Jingzhou Basin and Their Tectonic Settings(Geotectonica et Metallogenia,ISSN1001-1552,CN44-1595/P,37(2),2013,p.173-183,6illus.,59refs.)Key words:basin evolution,tectonic setting,South China In the Upper Paleozoic and Jurassic se- 相似文献
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正20141912Cao Hui(State Key Laboratory for Continental Tectonics and Dynamics,Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)Gravitational Collapse and Folding during Orogenesis:A Comparative Study of FIA Trends and Fold Axial Plane Traces(Geology in China,ISSN1000-3657,CN11-1167/P,40(6),2013,p.1818-1828,9illus.,35refs.,with 相似文献