共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Zvuloni A Mokady O Al-Zibdah M Bernardi G Gaines SD Abelson A 《Marine pollution bulletin》2008,56(3):430-438
Coastal marine reserves in general, and coral reef reserves in particular, are typically composed of scattered patches separated by uninhabited areas. Due to the sessile mode of life of adult corals, larval connectivity is often the only agent of gene flow between reef localities. In this study we examined the connectivity between populations of the common scleratinian coral Stylophora pistillata at the northern tip of the Gulf of Aqaba (Red Sea), using the rDNA ITS (internal transcribed spacer) as a molecular marker. Sequence comparisons among recruits indicated very similar, equally-diverse, assemblages of recruits in both the northern (highly affected by anthropogenic disturbances) and southern (less affected) study sites, implying a high larval connectivity or common sources of larval supply. By contrast, sequence diversity observed among adults declined sharply from southern to northern sites, accompanied by genetic differentiation of the respective populations. Based on Fu's Fs-test of selective neutrality, it may be suggested that various post-settlement selective regimes, presumably more intense in the northern sites, provide a reasonable explanation for the observed patterns of genetic diversity. The suggested hypothesis is supported by the sharper decline in sequence diversity found between recruits and adults in the northern sites. This study exemplifies the necessity to consider local selective factors, in addition to larval connectivity, when managing marine reserves. 相似文献
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休眠卵库作为淡水枝角类生物与遗传信息的储藏库,从沉积物休眠卵库中萌发的枝角类对现生种群的数量与种群遗传结构有着直接的影响.分别采集流溪河水库盔型溞的现生种群和沉积物表层(0~10 cm)的休眠卵,扩增现生种群与休眠卵的线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶亚基I基因,构建了单倍型网络.休眠种群相比现生种群有着较高的单倍型多样性和核酸多样性,初期现生种群分别为0.562、0.00104,末期现生种群分别为0.726、0.00331,休眠种群分别为0.815、0.00761.流溪河盔型溞现生种群与休眠种群存在双向基因流,现生种群到休眠种群的有效迁移率为490.9,休眠种群到现生种群的有效迁移率为527.5.通过构建贝叶斯系统树验证了休眠种群和现有种群中并不存在隐种或者亚种的分化,休眠种群与现生种群之间没有出现较大的遗传分化,现生种群遗传多样性来自于休眠种群,水库的休眠种群更能反映种群真实的遗传多样性.休眠种群与现生种群之间的基因流与休眠卵库大小无关,与休眠卵的萌发有关. 相似文献
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淡水鱼类可溶性谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(soluble glutathione S-transferase,sGST)在微囊藻毒素去毒代谢过程中起着关键作用,又被称为微囊藻毒素去毒酶.通过简并引物克隆鳙鱼肝脏sGST基因cDNA核心序列,应用5'-RACE和3'-RACE技术分别扩增该序列的5'末端和3'末端序列,最后通过序列拼接获得鳙鱼肝脏sGST基因cDNA全序列.序列分析结果表明,鳙鱼肝脏sGST基因cDNA全长934 bp,其中5'-UTR长104bp,3'-UTR长158 bp,编码区672 bp,编码223个氨基酸.鳙鱼与海水鱼类、鸟类、哺乳类等不同类群sGST的N-末端功能域氨基酸同源性较高,达75%左右,而C-末端功能域氨基酸同源性较低,仅为43.6%-55.9%,这与脊椎动物sGST的N-末端功能域均存在相同的GSH结合位点,而C-末端功能域存在不同的底物结合位点相一致.鳙鱼sGST的C-末端功能域的低同源性可能与其承担微囊藻毒素去毒代谢之特殊功能有关. 相似文献
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Gene expression programing (GEP) is used to estimate the suspended sediment yield (SSY) in Euphrates River. SSY is considered to be a function of (i) discharge and (ii) time‐lagged discharge and SSY. The proposed models were trained to extrapolate natural stream data collected from five stations in Middle Euphrates Basin. A detailed sensitivity analysis is done to select the time‐lagged discharge and sediment yield variables. GEP implicitly evaluates the contribution of each independent variable on the fitness of candidate solution and eliminates the variable having no contribution. In this study, all input variables are observed to be included in the proposed GEP models, which prove the significance of each variable. Also, standard and modified sediment rating curves and regression‐based formulae are developed for the five stations. In verification, the estimations of GEP formulae agree well with the measured ones. The GEP models are evaluated by the results of the rating curves and regression formulae. In general, the GEP formulae give better results compared to the rating curves and regression‐based formulae. 相似文献
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Urban stormwater thermal gene expression models for protection of sensitive receiving streams 
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下载免费PDF全文 Thermal impact of typical high‐density residential, industrial, and commercial land uses is a major concern for the health of aquatic life in urban watersheds, especially in smaller, cold, and cool‐water streams. This is the first study of its kind that provides simple easy‐to‐use equations, developed using gene expression programming (GEP) that can guide the assessment and the design of urban stormwater management systems to protect thermally sensitive receiving streams. We developed 3 GEP models using data collected during 3 years (2009–2011) from 4 urban catchments; the first GEP model predicts event mean temperature at the inlet of the pond; the second model predicts the stormwater temperature at the outlet of the pond; and the third model predicts the temperature of the stormwater after flowing through a cooling trench and before discharging to the receiving stream. The new models have high correlation coefficients of 0.90–0.94 and low prediction uncertainty of less than 4% of the median value of the predicted runoff temperatures. Sensitivity analysis shows that climatic factors have the highest influence on the thermal enrichment followed by the catchment characteristics and the key design variables of the stormwater pond and the cooling trench. The general method presented here is easily transferable to other regions of the world (but not necessarily the exact equations developed here); also through sensitivity and parametric analysis, we gained insight on the key factors and their relative importance in modelling thermal enrichment of urban stromwater runoff. 相似文献
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近年来关于浮游动物与微囊藻相互作用的研究逐渐被关注,其中有的研究认为浮游动物能够诱导产毒细胞毒素含量的变化.微囊藻毒素是由微囊藻毒素合成基因编码翻译的,目前关于浮游动物对微囊藻毒素合成基因相对表达的影响并无报道,本文首次通过实时定量逆转录PCR方法研究铜绿微囊藻PCC7806产毒相关基因mcyB和mcyD在大型蚤胁迫下相对表达变化.结果显示微囊藻mcyB、mcyD基因相对表达均有上调,表明铜绿微囊藻PCC7806通过上调产毒基因的转录水平达到对大型蚤的诱导防御,从而为浮游动物与微囊藻相互作用研究提供新的依据. 相似文献
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太湖悬浮颗粒物细菌碱性磷酸酶编码基因的分布特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
颗粒态有机磷的碱性磷酸酶矿化是水生态系统磷循环的重要环节,对细菌碱性磷酸酶编码基因的解析有利于揭示浅水富营养化湖泊有机磷矿化的微生物驱动机制.本文以太湖不同生态类型湖区悬浮颗粒物为研究对象,运用荧光定量PCR技术,探究太湖水体中悬浮颗粒物细菌碱性磷酸酶phoX和phoD基因的时空分布特征,以及影响两类基因丰度的主要环境因子.结果表明：太湖不同生态类型湖区中phoD基因丰度是phoX基因的6~42倍,且二者均存在显著的时空分布差异.6月,河口区phoX（9.18×104 copies/L）和phoD（1.88×106 copies/L）基因丰度均最高,其次分别为草型区、湖心区和藻型区.与6月相比,9月各湖区phoD基因丰度显著降低,而phoX基因丰度在藻型区和草型区则有所升高.9月,草型区phoX基因丰度最高（5.70×104 copies/L）,河口区最低（1.49×104 copies/L）.水生植物对phoX和phoD基因丰度具有重要贡献.悬浮颗粒物细菌phoX基因丰度可能被低估.溶解氧、总氮和总磷是影响太湖phoX和phoD基因丰度的主要环境因子. 相似文献
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水体细菌碱性磷酸酶及其编码基因研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
水体溶解性反应磷是浮游植物可直接利用的主要磷营养形式,细菌碱性磷酸酶催化的有机磷矿化过程则是维持溶解性反应磷供给的重要途径.通过总结细菌碱性磷酸酶的种类与分布特征,发现主要包括Pho A、Pho X和Pho D 3种类型细菌碱性磷酸酶,其中超过50%的Pho X分布于细菌细胞的外部环境,对溶解性反应磷的循环再生尤为重要.综述水体产碱性磷酸酶细菌群落组成的研究进展,以及影响编码基因表达的环境因素,对比分析产碱性磷酸酶细菌群落鉴定方法的特点及发展趋势.细菌碱性磷酸酶编码基因的研究多关注寡营养海洋生态系统,对于同样存在磷限制问题的富营养化湖泊生态系统鲜有涉及,而构建针对典型富营养化湖泊生态系统的细菌宏基因组数据库,则可为建立淡水生态系统细菌碱性磷酸酶及其编码基因的研究方法奠定基础,有助于认识湖泊水华频发的微生物学驱动机制. 相似文献
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Although Escherichia coli is widely distributed in the marine environment, only a small percentage are pathogenic to humans. Nonetheless, the widespread occurrence of waterborne infections of E. coli origin in humans has become one of the major health problems worldwide. To date, several types of enterovirulent E. coli have been recognized as the aetiologic agents of various gastrointestinal infections in humans. The most commonly encountered are those belonging to the enterotoxigenic (ETEC), enteroinvasive (EIEC), enterohaemorrhagic (EHEC) and enteropathogenic (EPEC) subtypes. In order to better determine the health risks that are associated with exposure to some of these specific subtypes, we have developed a very sensitive multiplex PCR system for the rapid detection and typing of ETEC, EHEC and possibly EPEC strains of E. coli in the aquatic environment. The target genes chosen for this investigation included: the PHO-A housekeeping gene (present in all E. coli); the LT1, LT2 and ST1 genes of ETEC; the VT1 and VT2 verotoxin, and EAE virulence genes of EHEC and EPEC, respectively. Six pairs of oligonucleotide primers were designed to simultaneously amplify internal fragments of these genes by multiplex PCR to generate PCR products that could be analysed and confirmed with relative ease by gel electrophoresis and HincII enzyme digestion. The results showed that the six sets of PCR primers were highly specific for their target genes and produced specific amplimers of the expected size from several control strains of E. coli – ATCC 35401 (LT1+/ST1+); SA53 (LT2+/VT2+); and O157 (VT1+/VT2+/EAE+). The detection sensitivity of the multiplex PCR system for the six target genes in an E. coli cell mixture was optimized and enhanced by preincubating serially diluted cells in Luria-Bertani broth for 6 h prior to PCR analysis. The results obtained indicated a detection sensitivity of 10° CFU (of each strain) per 100 μl reaction. Multiplex PCR analysis of seawater samples collected from four sewage-polluted sites in Hong Kong indicated the presence in all four samples of E. coli bacteria that were positive for LT1, ST1, VT1 and EAE virulence genes. Overall, the data indicated that the multiplex PCR system described in this study is a potentially very useful and powerful method for routine monitoring and risk assessment of water quality. 相似文献
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JunXia Yuan GuiLian Sheng XinDong Hou XiaoYan Shuang Jian Yi Hong Yang XuLong Lai 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(3):388-396
Ancient DNA data have supported a sister relationship between woolly rhinoceros and extant Sumatran rhinoceros.This relationship has been used to explore the divergent times for the woolly rhinoceros from their relatives.Complete and partial ancient DNA sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b(cyt b)gene were retrieved from bones of the late Pleistocene Coelodonta antiquitatis excavated from northern and northeastern China.The newly obtained sequences together with the European and northern Asian Coelodonta antiquitatis sequences from GenBank were used to estimate the evolutionary divergence time.Phylogenetic analyses showed the exchange of genetic information between the Chinese individuals and Coelodonta antiquitatis of north Asia,which also indicated a more recent evolutionary timescale(3.8–4.7 Ma)than previous molecular estimations(17.5–22.8 or 21–26 Ma)for woolly rhinoceros based on the fossil calibration of outgroups.This new timescale was more consistent with the fossil record of the earliest known genus Coelodonta. 相似文献
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The current study deals with the depth of scour at the location of impact between a free fall jet and a riverbed. The current study is based on extensive laboratory experiments that were designed to mimic full-scale behavior. The literature review shows that relations among hydraulic parameters for predicting the depth of scour are complex; therefore, six artificial intelligence techniques are used in the current study to capture these complex relation. A total of 120 observations are used for t... 相似文献
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Silva-Aciares F Zapata M Tournois J Moraga D Riquelme C 《Marine pollution bulletin》2011,62(12):2671-2680
This study reports molecular markers potentially associated with resistance or sensitivity to the impact of copper in juvenile red abalone, Haliotis rufescens, in the north of Chile under experimental conditions. Genomic analysis was made applying subtractive hybridization libraries (SSH) to identify genes up-and down regulated during cooper exposure in abalone over periods of 12 and 168 h exposed to 2.5 and 10 μg/L of Cu+2. Results obtained from the SSH library revealed 368 different sequences regulated by copper, that correspond to eight major physiological functions. The validation of these sequences obtained by SSH as well as their expression kinetics were made by PCR in real time on 14 potential genes regulated by metal stress. This study provides information for the characterization of potential genomic markers that may be used in future environmental monitoring and to investigate new mechanisms of stress to copper in this commercially important marine species. 相似文献
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AbstractThe honey-bees mating programming (HBMP) algorithm is introduced as a novel tool for predicting suspended sediment concentration for the Mad River catchment near Arcata, USA. The paper also applies gene expression programming (GEP) as a comparison and shows that these two approaches can the produce transparent, nonlinear relationships between the independent and dependent variables. Some modifications have been made to the HBMP algorithm to improve its capability and efficiency. The results achieved from this method and GEP are compared with two different sediment rating curves based on regression techniques. The findings show that the results from both the HBMP and GEP methods are promising and outperform the results obtained from the sediment rating curves.
Editor D. Koutsoyiannis; Associate editor L. See 相似文献