共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 22 毫秒
1.
利用全球磁流体力学(MHD)的模拟结果,研究了太阳风压力系数与上游太阳风参数和日下点磁层顶张角的相关性.在识别出日下点附近磁层顶位置后,通过拟合得到日下点附近的磁层顶张角.在考虑上游太阳风中的磁压和热压以及磁层顶外侧的太阳风动压的情况下,计算了太阳风压力系数.通过分析行星际磁场不同方向时太阳风动压在日地连线上与磁压和热压的转化关系,详细研究了太阳风参数和日下点磁层顶张角对太阳风压力系数的影响,得到以下相关结论:(1) 在北向行星际磁场较大(Bz≥5 nT)时,磁层顶外侧磁压占主导,南向行星际磁场时磁层顶外侧热压占主导;(2) 太阳风压力系数随着行星际磁场的增大而增大,随着行星际磁场时钟角的增大而减小;并且在行星际磁场大小和其他太阳风条件相同时,北向行星际磁场时的太阳风压力系数要大于南向行星际磁场时的;北向行星际磁场时,太阳风压力系数随着太阳风动压的增大而减小,南向行星际磁场时,太阳风压力系数随着太阳风动压的增大而增大;以上结论是对观测结果的扩展;(3) 最后,我们还发现太阳风压力系数随着日下点磁层顶张角的增大而增大. 相似文献
2.
《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2015,(7)
Using the global magnetohydrodynamics(MHD) simulation model, we investigated the effects of the interplanetary magnetic field(IMF) clock angle on the shape of bow shock, including its rotational asymmetry and subsolar point. For general northward IMF( z component Bz 0), the rotational symmetry of the bow shock is broken by the effects of fast magnetosonic Mach number(Mms), and the cross-sectional line of the bow shock is an ellipse with the semi-major axis along the direction perpendicular to the IMF. The ratio or D-value between semi-major and semi-minor axis can be used to illustrate the extent of asymmetry of the bow shock. On the basis of the multiple parameters fitting, we obtain the changing relationship of both semi-axes with the clock angle and the distance away from the Earth. For general southward IMF(Bz 0), the cross sectional line of the bow shock is highly asymmetrical under the multiple effects of magnetopause and Mms. The effects of IMF clock angle on subsolar point depend mainly on the changing subsolar point of magnetopause as an obstacle. The distance of subsolar point of bow shock from the Earth increases with the increasing IMF clock angle for Bz 0, and decreases with the increasing IMF clock angle for Bz 0. 相似文献
3.
A. V. Mezentsev 《Geomagnetism and Aeronomy》2013,53(3):307-312
The magnetic field behavior in the magnetosheath, when the IMF and the solar wind velocity are almost collinear, has been analyzed based on the perturbation method. Magnetic disturbances are considered against a background of the stationary MHD solar wind flow around the magnetosphere when the magnetic field and the solar wind velocity are strictly collinear. It has been indicated that the angle between the magnetic field and velocity vectors increases considerably in a relatively thin layer near the magnetopause. The angle rise factor profiles have been determined for different distances from the subsolar point. The thickness of the layer, where the angle reaches values of about unity and more, has been estimated. It is important to take this layer into account when the magnetopause stability with respect to Kelvin-Helmholtz waves is analyzed. 相似文献
4.
本文收集了1226个来自Cluster、Geotail、GOES、IMP8、Interball、LANL、Polar、TC1、THEMIS和Wind卫星磁层顶穿越事例,并主要利用时间推移使上游行星际磁场clock angle或等离子体变化特征与磁鞘中的相吻合方法为这些数据配对上来自ACE或Wind卫星5 min平均值太阳风数据.通过对这些数据以及网上公布的1482个Hawkeye卫星磁层顶穿越点数据分析研究,发现：（1）高纬磁层顶在极隙区存在内凹结构,其内凹范围比较大;（2）磁层顶内凹位置明显受地磁偶极倾角控制,最内凹点所对应的天顶角和地磁偶极倾角大致呈线性关系,这种关系在南北半球大致呈反对称;（3）磁层顶内凹深度、内凹范围以及内凹中心不变纬度基本不受地磁偶极倾角影响. 相似文献
5.
D. V. Erofeev 《Geomagnetism and Aeronomy》2012,52(8):1097-1106
The behavior of correlation tensors of fluctuations in the solar wind magnetic field and velocity is studied during different phases of a solar cycle on the basis of a 45-year measurement series of solar wind parameters. It is found that the orientation of fluctuations in the magnetic field and velocity is approximately axisymmetric relative to the direction of a local magnetic field during high solar activity. This symmetry is violated significantly during periods of low solar activity, and deviations from the symmetry are regular and oppositely directed during minima of even and odd 11-year cycles, which is probably connected with variations in the orientation of the Sun??s magnetic field. The dependence of the power of fluctuations on the local magnetic field direction reveals significant deviations from local symmetry during all phases of a solar cycle, especially for velocity fluctuations. 相似文献
6.
文采用球坐标下2.5维理想MHD模型,对日球子午面内方位磁场扰动的传播进行数值模拟,重点分析它对行星际磁场螺旋角的影响. 本文认为,观测到的行星际磁场螺旋角大于Parker模型的预言值,是太阳表面不断向行星际发出同向方位磁场扰动的结果;太阳较差自转在太阳内部产生的方位磁场为这类扰动提供了源头. 模拟结果表明,采用持续时间等于周期的十分之一、扰动幅度为103nT量级的正向方位磁场扰动,就可使1 AU处行星际磁场的螺旋角增加2°左右,与有关观测结果相符. 模拟结果还表明,上述方位磁场扰动对日球子午面内的太阳风特性和磁场位形的影响基本上可以忽略. 相似文献
7.
向日面磁层顶在平静太阳风条件下,处于10RE（RE为地球半径）左右．但在异常的太阳风条件下,即南向行星际磁场很强和（或）太阳风的动压很大时,会被压缩,甚至到达同步轨道附近．集中分析2001年4月11日的磁暴事件,研究当磁层顶发生强烈压缩以后。在地球空间和地面上产生的磁场影响．磁层顶位形选取Shue（1998）模型计算．当把计算结果与GOESl0卫星的观测数据对比时发现：磁层顶在强的太阳风条件下的确会被压缩到同步轨道以内．Shue（1998）模型的预测基本正确,通常的漏报可能是由于预报的位置误差所致．实际磁层顶电流片的位置和强度与我们假设的理想磁层顶间断面计算结果基本吻合．在分析大磁暴过程时,磁层顶压缩使磁层顶电流对于中低纬度地磁场扰动有突出的贡献,在2001年4月事件中,这个贡献可以大于50nT,占主相的1／6左右．这一贡献可以使Dst指数产生相应的误差． 相似文献
8.
A. A. Samsonov 《Geomagnetism and Aeronomy》2007,47(3):316-324
The numerical three-dimensional MHD model is used to study the formation of the magnetic barrier in the inner part of the magnetosheath near the magnetopause. The set of the quasistationary solutions for several characteristic directions of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) has been obtained: for northward and southward IMF, for the direction along the Parker helix (at an angle of 45° with respect to the Sun-Earth line), and for the predominantly radial direction (at an angle of 20° with respect to the Sun-Earth line). The mechanism used to take into account the effect of magnetic reconnection at the magnetopause on a flow in the magnetosheath is introduced in the case of southward IMF. The results of the calculations indicate that the magnetic field absolute value in the magnetic barrier reaches its maximal value when IMF is northward. The introduction of magnetic reconnection at southward IMF can result in an insignificant decrease in the field value. However, the model predicts that a decrease in the magnetic field is much more substantial when the IMF direction is close to radial. 相似文献
9.
10.
M. W. Dunlop A. Balogh W. Baumjohann G. Haerendel K.-H. Fornacon E. Georgescu R. Nakamura S. Kokubin 《Annales Geophysicae》1999,17(12):1535-1559
Magnetic field measurements, taken by the magnetometer experiment (MAM) on board the German Equator-S spacecraft, have been used to identify and categorise 131 crossings of the dawn-side magnetopause at low latitude, providing unusual, long duration coverage of the adjacent magnetospheric regions and near magnetosheath. The crossings occurred on 31 orbits, providing unbiased coverage over the full range of local magnetic shear from 06:00 to 10:40 LT. Apogee extent places the spacecraft in conditions associated with intermediate, rather than low, solar wind dynamic pressure, as it processes into the flank region. The apogee of the spacecraft remains close to the magnetopause for mean solar wind pressure. The occurrence of the magnetopause encounters are summarised and are found to compare well with predicted boundary location, where solar wind conditions are known. Most scale with solar wind pressure. Magnetopause shape is also documented and we find that the magnetopause orientation is consistently sunward of a model boundary and is not accounted for by IMF or local magnetic shear conditions. A number of well-established crossings, particularly those at high magnetic shear, or exhibiting unusually high-pressure states, were observed and have been analysed for their boundary characteristics and some details of their boundary and near magnetosheath properties are discussed. Of particular note are the occurrence of mirror-like signatures in the adjacent magnetosheath during a significant fraction of the encounters and a high number of multiple crossings over a long time period. The latter is facilitated by the spacecraft orbit which is designed to remain in the near magnetosheath for average solar wind pressure. For most encounters, a well-ordered, tangential (draped) magnetosheath field is observed and there is little evidence of large deviations in local boundary orientations. Two passes corresponding to close conjunctions of the Geotail spacecraft are analysed to confirm boundary orientation and motion. These further show evidence of an anti-sunward moving depression on the magnetopause (which is much smaller at Equator-S). The Tsyganenko model field is used routinely to assist in categorising the crossings and some comparison of models is carried out. We note that typically the T87 model fits the data better than the T89 model during conditions of low to intermediate Kp index near the magnetopause and also near the dawn-side tail current sheet in the dawnside region. 相似文献
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12.
Volume currents in the magnetosheath region are calculated within the framework of a new analytical model. Magnetic field structure in the region is found, satisfying boundary conditions on the bow shock and the magnetopause, and then volume currents are calculated using the Maxwell equation. Surface bow shock and magnetopause currents are calculated, too. Free parameters of the model are interplanetary magnetic field, Mach number of the solar wind flow, distances to the bow shock and to the magnetopause, and field compression at the magnetopause. 相似文献
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14.
Possible configurations of the magnetic field in the outer magnetosphere during geomagnetic polarity reversals are investigated by considering the idealized problem of a magnetic multipole of order m and degree n located at the centre of a spherical cavity surrounded by a boundless perfect diamagnetic medium. In this illustrative idealization, the fixed spherical (magnetopause) boundary layer behaves as a perfectly conducting surface that shields the external diamagnetic medium from the compressed multipole magnetic field, which is therefore confined within the spherical cavity. For a general magnetic multipole of degree n, the non-radial components of magnetic induction just inside the magnetopause are increased by the factor 1 + [(n + 1)/n] relative to their corresponding values in the absence of the perfectly conducting spherical magnetopause. An exact equation is derived for the magnetic field lines of an individual zonal (m = 0), or axisymmetric, magnetic multipole of arbitrary degree n located at the centre of the magnetospheric cavity. For such a zonal magnetic multipole, there are always two neutral points and n – 1 neutral rings on the spherical magnetopause surface. The two neutral points are located at the poles of the spherical magnetopause. If n is even, one of the neutral rings is coincident with the equator; otherwise, the neutral rings are located symmetrically with respect to the equator. The actual existence of idealized higher-degree (n > 1) axisymmetric magnetospheres would necessarily imply multiple (n + 1) magnetospheric cusps and multiple (n) ring currents. Exact equations are also derived for the magnetic field lines of an individual non-axisymmetric magnetic multipole, confined by a perfectly conducting spherical magnetopause, in two special cases; namely, a symmetric sectorial multipole (m = n) and an antisymmetric sectorial multipole (m = n – 1). For both these non-axisymmetric magnetic multipoles, there exists on the spherical magnetopause surface a set of neutral points linked by a network of magnetic field lines. Novel magnetospheric processes are likely to arise from the existence of magnetic neutral lines that extend from the magnetopause to the surface of the Earth. Finally, magnetic field lines that are confined to, or perpendicular to, either special meridional planes or the equatorial plane, when the multipole is in free space, continue to be confined to, or perpendicular to, these same planes when the perfectly conducting magnetopause is present.Also Honorary Research Associate, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, UK and Visiting Reader in Physics. University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, UK 相似文献
15.
太阳高能粒子(SEP)事件是一类重要的空间天气灾害性事件,如能准确预报SEP事件,人们便可以采取必要的防护措施,保障卫星、星载设备以及航天员的安全,尽可能地降低经济损失.因此,其数值预报研究在空间天气预报研究中占有很重要的地位.SEP事件中的高能粒子在不同的时间尺度内被耀斑过程或者CME驱动的激波加速,并且在被扰动后的行星际太阳风中传输,这些过程都紧紧依赖于太阳风背景场.因此获取更加接近物理真实的太阳风背景场是模拟SEP事件的重要部分,也是提高SEP物理模式的关键因素之一.我们目前的工作基于张明等发展的SEP在行星际空间传播的模型,尝试将Parker太阳风速度解及WIND飞船观测的磁场实时数据融入模型中,研究不同的太阳风速度以及真实磁场分布对SEP在行星际空间中传播的影响.通过求解聚焦传输方程,我们的模拟结果表明:(1)快太阳风条件下,绝热冷却效应项发挥了更大的作用,使粒子能量衰减的更快,而慢太阳风对粒子的通量变化没有显著影响;(2)加入观测的磁场数据时,粒子的全向通量剖面发生了比较明显的变化,具体表现在:通量峰值推迟到达、出现多峰结构、各向异性也发生一些改变.分析表明真实磁场的极性对粒子在行星际空间中传播有着重要的影响. 相似文献
16.
C. J. Farrugia H. K. Biernat N. V. Erkaev L. M. Kistler G. Le C. T. Russell 《Annales Geophysicae》1998,16(5):518-527
We compare numerical results obtained from a steady-state MHD model of solar wind flow past the terrestrial magnetosphere with documented observations made by the AMPTE/IRM spacecraft on 24 October, 1985, during an inbound crossing of the magnetosheath. Observations indicate that steady conditions prevailed during this about 4 hour-long crossing. The magnetic shear at spacecraft entry into the magnetosphere was 15°. A steady density decrease and a concomitant magnetic field pile-up were observed during the 40 min interval just preceding the magnetopause crossing. In this plasma depletion layer (1) the plasma beta dropped to values below unity; (2) the flow speed tangential to the magnetopause was enhanced; and (3) the local magnetic field and velocity vectors became increasingly more orthogonal to each other as the magnetopause was approached (Phan et al., 1994). We model parameter variations along a spacecraft orbit approximating that of AMPTE/IRM, which was at slightly southern GSE latitudes and about 1.5 h postnoon Local Time. We model the magnetopause as a tangential discontinuity, as suggested by the observations, and take as input solar wind parameters those measured by AMPTE/IRM just prior to its bow shock crossing. We find that computed field and plasma profiles across the magnetosheath and plasma depletion layer match all observations closely. Theoretical predictions on stagnation line flow near this low-shear magnetopause are confirmed by the experimental findings. Our theory does not give, and the data on this pass do not show, any localized density enhancements in the inner magnetosheath region just outside the plasma depletion layer. 相似文献
17.
The determination of Mercury's magnetic moment from the spatially and temporally limited observations obtained by the Mariner 10 mission is dependent upon the assumed nature of both the intrinsic planetary magnetic field and that of the magnetospheric current systems. In this paper the methods that have been used for this purpose are reviewed. The results that have been obtained are then considered in comparison with the constraints placed on the planetary field by the solar wind dynamic pressures and stand-off distances inferred from the Mariner 10 magnetic field data by Slavin and Holzer (1979) which are consistent with an effective dipole moment of 6 ± 2 × 1022 G cm3. It is found that the models which fit the observations with substantial quadrupole and octupole moments are not consistent with the magnetospheric boundary conditions, presumably owing to incorrect assumptions regarding the magnetopause position, incorrect assumptions regarding solar wind dynamic pressure, and/or averaging over temporal variations in the Mariner 10 data. 相似文献
18.
E.J. Smith 《Journal of Atmospheric and Solar》2011,73(2-3):277-289
Important contributions of Ulysses to understanding the solar cycle evolution of the heliospheric magnetic field (HMF) and solar wind are reviewed: a dramatic reorientation of the HMF as the solar dipole rotates between axial and equatorial orientations; solar cycle variation of the total heliospheric magnetic flux and its response to changes in solar magnetic fields; the unusual on-going solar minimum and its effects; a connection between magnetic flux and solar wind mass flux in the heliosphere and at the source; a recurrent north–south heliospheric asymmetry at solar minimum and the equatorial offset of the solar magnetic dipole. 相似文献
19.
M. I. Verigin G. A. Kotova V. V. Bezrukikh G. N. Zastenker N. Nikolaeva 《Geomagnetism and Aeronomy》2009,49(8):1176-1181
Based on the magnetopause observations near the Earth by the Prognoz/Interball satellites in 1972–2000, the empirical model
of this boundary has been proposed, and the magnetopause behavior at different parameters of the oncoming solar wind has been
studied. For the first time, it has been detected that the Earth’s magnetopause is compressed by ∼5% in the direction perpendicular
to the plane including the vectors of the solar wind velocity and IMF. At the same time, any dependence of the subsolar magnetopause
position on the IMF B
z
component has not been revealed in the Progrnoz/Interball data. The proposed magnetopause model can be used to model the
position and shape of the near-Earth bow shock. 相似文献
20.
N.F. Ness 《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》1979,20(2-4):209-217