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模糊分维理论在地下流体资料分析中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文采用模糊集理论与分形理论相结合的模糊分维方法,计算了聊城１井水氡和豫０１井水位动态资料,发现在１９８１年河北宁晋Ｍｓ５．８,１９８３年山东菏泽Ｍｓ５．９和１９８５年河北任县Ｍｓ５．０地震前出现了明显的降维特征。选出了两台项的模糊分维基值为０．６０和０．７５。分析结果认为,模糊分维值反映了地震前兆时序观测资料的结构变化特征,具有一定物理意义。做为地下流体前兆观测资料提取地震异常信息的新方法,有一 相似文献
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新疆沙湾5.2级地震地下水流体前兆异常特征的分析 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
列举了１９９６年１月９日新疆沙湾５．２级震地下流体前兆观测的最新资料，总结了地震孕育由稳态进行非稳态过程中流体异常的特征。结果表明，地下流体前兆异常以中短期为主，订集中分布在距震中２００ｋｍ范围内，异常形态和幅度复杂多样，并对这次地震的跟踪预测，前兆的可靠性问题进行了讨论。 相似文献
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《高原地震》2017,(2)
针对鲁甸6.5级地震、唐山4.0级地震前地下流体异常现象,结合异常时段地下流体观测数据,对震前地下流体异常现象及指标进行总结分析。研究表明,鲁甸地震前及唐山地震前地下流体长期与中期异常特征均主要出现在距离震中心500 km范围内。地下流体震前异常特征现象观测的目的是判断地震危险区高密度观测特征,对地震高发区的中短期异常指标仅进行中短期分析。地震区域应力叠加导致地震前兆现象的开启,引起断裂带裂隙,地下水温度和地下深部气体异常变化,水岩变化使得地下流体混合前兆增强。在地震前兆观测范围内,获取地下流体异常指标变化可以为震前预测提供数据支持,推动地震预测理论的发展。 相似文献
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天山重点监视区地下流体动态地震短期前兆标志体系的研究 总被引：1，自引：4，他引：1
系统地分析了天山重点地震监视区１９７７年以来的流体地球动力学地震前兆观测资料，总结了１４次５级以上地震前地下流体短期前兆异常的基本特征，提供了适合本区特点２的前兆异常判别的方法，采用定性和定量相结合的办法，建立了一套单井单参数，多吉多参数异常指标以及地震三要素判定的标志体系。 相似文献
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地震地下流体在地震预测研究与震情跟踪中发挥着重要作用.本文基于中国地震地下流体前兆观测台网所涉及的资料范围,系统收集了2008年四川汶川8.0级地震的可能地下流体前兆异常,分析了这些异常的空间展布、时空演化以及形态等总体变化特征.结果表明,收集到的68项异常均位于10-8应变量范围内,59项异常位于汶川8.0级地震3倍破裂区（约900 km）范围内,占异常总数的87%,这与国内外已发表的地下流体前兆异常空间分布范围和震级之间的关系相符,说明汶川8.0级巨大地震的前兆观测范围至少包含该地震3倍破裂尺度甚至更大;异常出现时间总体呈现出临近地震异常数量增多的特点,但异常数量并非逐渐增多,而是在震前5个月和1个月突然增多;异常形态特征复杂,水氡和水位总体呈现出趋势性异常特征,水温总体表现出短临变化特征,主要表现为震前1—3个月突升、突降或波动异常变化.此外,本文还结合国内外已发表的地震地下流体前兆异常以及地震孕育理论,讨论了异常的空间分布、时间尺度与未来震中的关系,这对深入认识地下流体前兆异常及产生机理都具有重要的现实意义和科学价值. 相似文献
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利用模糊集理论和分形理论结合的模糊分维方法，处理了山东聊古－1井水氡10多年来的观测资料，找出了水氡模糊分维值的3次较大变化与相应3次地震的关系。在这3次地城丧水氡模糊分维值都出现明显地小于0．57的低值异常变化。这可能反映了系统在较大地震前的明显降维特征。 相似文献
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冀鲁豫交界区地下流体的合成信息熵值变化与地震的关系 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用概率化预处理方法，把冀鲁豫交界区地下流体多种观测项目的观测值转化为概率值时间序列，在此基础上计算了该区地下流体构成的信息源系统的合成信息熵值，分析了合成信息熵值变化与1983年菏泽Ms5.9级地震和1985年河北任县Ms5.0级地震的关系，结果显示，在这两次中强地震前分别有两次明显的减熵异常过程，并且一次比一次减熵过程更明显，中强地震都发生在低熵值处，震后恢复到高熵值。这可能反映了地下流体构成的信息源系统在地震孕育和发生过程中的减熵有序变化。通过研究认为该区减熵到0．45为发震前兆异常警戒线，并且离中强地震发生的时间越近，减熵过程越大；震级越大，减熵过程越明显。 相似文献
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分析了昆仑山口西8．1级地震前后青藏块体东北缘地区地下流体前兆资料，研究了水化学、水物理前兆所表现的异常特征。认为在8．1级地震前，流体前兆的响应范围大，异常持续时间长，异常的同步性好；8．1级地震后，流体前兆出现大幅度调整，伴随着这一地区的一系列中强以上地震的连发，表明了青藏块体整体活动水平在逐步增强。通过对比青藏块体东北缘地区跨断层形变测量、重力和地磁等观测结果，对这种类型异常产生的物理机制进行了初步讨论。 相似文献
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M. N. French R. L. Bras W. F. Krajewski 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1992,6(1):27-45
A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities. 相似文献
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Gtz Schroth Luciana Ferreira Da Silva Marc‐Andree Wolf Wenceslau Geraldes Teixeira Wolfgang Zech 《水文研究》1999,13(10):1423-1436
The partitioning of rain water into throughfall, stemflow and interception loss when passing through plant canopies depends on properties of the respective plant species, such as leaf area and branch angles. In heterogeneous vegetation, such as tropical forest or polycultural systems, the presence of different plant species may consequently result in a mosaic of situations with respect to quantity and quality of water inputs into the soil. As these processes influence not only the water availability for the plants, but also water infiltration and nutrient leaching, the understanding of plant effects on the repartitioning of rain water may help in the optimization of land use systems and management practices. We measured throughfall and stemflow in a perennial polyculture (multi‐strata agroforestry), monocultures of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) for fruit and for palmito, a monoculture of cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum), spontaneous fallow and primary forest during one year in central Amazonia, Brazil. The effect on rain water partitioning was measured separately for four useful tree species in the polyculture and for two tree species in the primary forest. Throughfall at two stem distances, and stemflow, differed significantly between tree species, resulting in pronounced spatial patterns of water input into the soil in the polyculture system. For two tree species, peach palm for fruit (Bactris gasipaes) and Brazil nut trees (Bertholletia excelsa), the water input into the soil near the stem was significantly higher than the open‐area rainfall. This could lead to increased nutrient leaching when fertilizer is applied close to the stem of these trees. In the primary forest, such spatial patterns could also be detected, with significantly higher water input near a palm (Oenocarpus bacaba) than near a dicotyledonous tree species (Eschweilera sp.). Interception losses were 6·4% in the polyculture, 13·9 and 12·3% in the peach palm monocultures for fruit and for palmito, respectively, 0·5% in the cupuaçu monoculture and 3·1% in the fallow. With more than 20% of the open‐area rainfall, the highest stemflow contributions to the water input into the soil were measured in the palm monocultures and in the fallow. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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M. A. Kahn 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2000,28(2):95-101
Red tide, a recurrent phenomenon has become conspicuous in several Kashmir lake ecosystems since 1991. The responsible organism (Euglena pedunculata), a rare flagellate rediscovered in the Kashmir Himalaya (Khan 1993) caused first and unprecedented red tide outbreak, constituting a maximum of 96% of resident numerical phytoplankton density in Dal Lake. At present, conflicting hypotheses exist on the generation of causal assemblage(s) imparting redness to waters: Jeeji Bai (1991) linked its origin to acid precipitation – a fallout of burning oil‐fields during the Gulf War – whilst Khan (1993) holds local factor(s) responsible. Field/experimental studies support the latter contention that the influx of untreated sewage, in unison with warm temperatures, high levels of PhAR, iron and interruption to hydrological flow‐pattern together with absence/or reduction in grazing activity created conducive environmental milieu for red tide outbreak. Dal Lake “red tide” drifted the bloom‐inoculum to other waters, including Lake Wular, where additional ecological niches were carved out, threatening the aesthetic value and biological diversity of Kashmir lakes. Ecological monitoring indicates frequent seasonal red tide occurrence in Dal Lake (including summer‐autumn event of 1998) which testifies its unabated eutrophication status. Further studies are needed on ecological adaptability and biogeographic distribution of this rare and unique red tide‐causing flagellate. 相似文献
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