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1.
Gold Mineralization of the Gatsuurt Deposit in the North Khentei Gold Belt,Central Northern Mongolia
Mineral assemblages, chemical compositions of ore minerals, wall rock alteration and fluid inclusions of the Gatsuurt gold deposit in the North Khentei gold belt of Mongolia were investigated to characterize the gold mineralization, and to clarify the genetic processes of the ore minerals. The gold mineralization of the deposit occurs in separate Central and Main zones, and is characterized by three ore types: (i) low‐grade disseminated and stockwork ores; (ii) moderate‐grade quartz vein ores; and (iii) high‐grade silicified ores, with average Au contents of approximately 1, 3 and 5 g t?1 Au, respectively. The Au‐rich quartz vein and silicified ore mineralization is surrounded by, or is included within, the disseminated and stockwork Au‐mineralization region. The main ore minerals are pyrite (pyrite‐I and pyrite‐II) and arsenopyrite (arsenopyrite‐I and arsenopyrite‐II). Moderate amounts of galena, tetrahedrite‐tennantite, sphalerite and chalcopyrite, and minor jamesonite, bournonite, boulangerite, geocronite, scheelite, geerite, native gold and zircon are associated. Abundances and grain sizes of the ore minerals are variable in ores with different host rocks. Small grains of native gold occur as fillings or at grain boundaries of pyrite, arsenopyrite, sphalerite, galena and tetrahedrite in the disseminated and stockwork ores and silicified ores, whereas visible native gold of variable size occurs in the quartz vein ores. The ore mineralization is associated with sericitic and siliceous alteration. The disseminated and stockwork mineralization is composed of four distinct stages characterized by crystallization of (i) pyrite‐I + arsenopyrite‐I, (ii) pyrite‐II + arsenopyrite‐II, (iii) galena + tetrahedrite + sphalerite + chalcopyrite + jamesonite + bournonite + scheelite, and iv) boulangerite + native gold, respectively. In the quartz vein ores, four crystallization stages are also recognized: (i) pyrite‐I, (ii) pyrite‐II + arsenopyrite + galena + Ag‐rich tetrahedrite‐tennantite + sphalerite + chalcopyrite + bournonite, (iii) geocronite + geerite + native gold, and (iv) native gold. Two mineralization stages in the silicified ores are characterized by (i) pyrite + arsenopyrite + tetrahedrite + chalcopyrite, and (ii) galena + sphalerite + native gold. Quartz in the disseminated and stockwork ores of the Main zone contains CO2‐rich, halite‐bearing aqueous fluid inclusions with homogenization temperatures ranging from 194 to 327°C, whereas quartz in the disseminated and stockwork ores of the Central zone contains CO2‐rich and aqueous fluid inclusions with homogenization temperatures ranging from 254 to 355°C. The textures of the ores, the mineral assemblages present, the mineralization sequences and the fluid inclusion data are consistent with orogenic classification for the Gatsuurt deposit. 相似文献
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The Ashele Deposit: A Recently Discovered Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide Cu-Zn Deposit in Xinjiang, China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Abstract: The Ashele Cu-Zn deposit is a recently discovered volcanogenic massive sulfide deposit in Xinjiang, Northwestern China. It is the largest Cu-Zn deposit in this type of deposits in China, which were formed in the early period of later Palaeozoic Era. This deposit is hosted within a suit of bimodal submarine volcanic rocks of the Ashele Formation of Lower-Middle Devonian System formed in an environment of paleocontinental margin rift setting. Lensoid orebodies occur between spilitic rocks developed at footwall and quartz-keratophyric tuff at hanging wall. Zonation of metal elements in the Ashele mine is one of typical volcanic-related exhalative Cu-Zn sulfide deposits in the world. Black ores enriched in Pb, Zn and Ag occurs on the top of the No. 1 orebody in the Ashele deposit, yellow ores enriched in Cu in the middle part, and the chalcopyritization stringer below the massive sulfide ores. Zonation of ore-structure in the No. 1 orebody is also apparent and corresponds to the zoning of elements, i. e. lamellar and/or banded sulfide-sulfate ores on the top, massive sulfide ores in the middle, and stockwork veinlets associated with altered breccia pipe on the bottom. Four epochs of mineralization in the Ashele deposit has been recognized. The first period of syngenetic-exhalative deposition of sulfides is the main epoch of mineralization, and the ores deposited subsequently subjected to thermo-metamorphism at the second epoch, superimposed by hydrothermal mineralization at the third epoch, and weathered or oxidized at the fourth epoch.
More than 100 categories of minerals have been recognized in the Ashele mine, but only pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, tetrahedrite, galena, barite, quartz, chlorite, sericite, and calcite are dominant, making up various types of ores, and alteration pipes or horizons. Studies of ore petrology suggest that the massive ores were volcanogenic and deposited by exhalative process. 相似文献
More than 100 categories of minerals have been recognized in the Ashele mine, but only pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, tetrahedrite, galena, barite, quartz, chlorite, sericite, and calcite are dominant, making up various types of ores, and alteration pipes or horizons. Studies of ore petrology suggest that the massive ores were volcanogenic and deposited by exhalative process. 相似文献
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大横路式钴(铜)矿床地质特征及成因探讨 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
大横路式钴(铜)矿床产于辽吉古元古代裂谷增生地体内,是国内新近发现的新类型钴矿床,其矿化特征独特、埋藏浅、规模大,具有较高潜在经济价值.矿床赋存于老岭群富硼、碳粘土岩夹硅质岩建造之中,矿体呈层状、似层状、鞍状产出,产状与围岩一致;矿石中金属矿物以硫化物、砷化物形式存在,钴以硫钴镍矿、辉砷钴矿、方钴矿和含钴黄铁矿等形式与黄铜矿、闪锌矿、方铅矿等共生.通过对矿床地质、地球化学特征和流体特征研究,证明该矿床既具有明显的热水沉积成因特征,又受后期变质热液的强烈叠加,属海底热水沉积-变质热液叠加改造型矿床. 相似文献
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Mineralogy of the Boroo Gold Deposit in the North Khentei Gold Belt,Central Northern Mongolia 
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下载免费PDF全文 Mineral assemblages and chemical compositions of ore minerals from the Boroo gold deposit in the North Khentei gold belt of Mongolia were studied to characterize the gold mineralization, and to clarify crystallization processes of the ore minerals. The gold deposit consists of low‐grade disseminated and stockwork ores in granite, metasedimentary rocks and diorite dikes. Moderate to high‐grade auriferous quartz vein ores are present in the above lithological units. The ore grades of the former range from about 1 to 3 g/t, and those of the latter from 5 to 10 g/t, or more than 10 g/t Au. The main sulfide minerals in the ores are pyrite and arsenopyrite, both of which are divisible into two different stages (pyrite‐I and pyrite‐II; arsenopyrite‐I and arsenopyrite‐II). Sphalerite, galena, chalcopyrite, and tetrahedrite are minor associated minerals, with trace amounts of bournonite, boulangerite, geerite, alloclasite, native gold, and electrum. The ore minerals in the both types of ores are variable in distribution, abundance and grain size. Four modes of gold occurrence are recognized: (i) “invisible” gold in pyrite and arsenopyrite in the disseminated and stockwork ores, and in auriferous quartz vein ores; (ii) microscopic native gold, 3 to 100 µm in diameter, that occurs as fine grains or as an interstitial phase in sulfides in the disseminated and stockwork ores, and in auriferous quartz vein ores; (iii) visible native gold, up to 1 cm in diameter, in the auriferous quartz vein ores; and (iv) electrum in the auriferous quartz vein ores. The gold mineralization of the disseminated and stockwork ores consists of four stages characterized by the mineral assemblages of: (i) pyrite‐I + arsenopyrite‐I; (ii) pyrite‐II + arsenopyrite‐II; (iii) sphalerite + galena + chalcopyrite + tetrahedrite + bournonite + boulangerite + alloclasite + native gold; and (iv) native gold. In the auriferous quartz vein ores, five mineralization stages are defined by the following mineral assemblages: (i) pyrite‐I; (ii) pyrite‐II + arsenopyrite; (iii) sphalerite + galena + chalcopyrite; (iv) Ag‐rich tetrahedrite‐tennantite + bournonite + geerite + native gold; and (v) electrum. The As–Au relations in pyrite‐II and arsenopyrite suggest that gold detected as invisible gold is mostly attributed to Au+1 in those minerals. By applying the arsenopyrite geothermometer to arsenopyrite‐II in the disseminated and stockwork ores, crystallization temperature and logfs2 are estimated to be 365 to 300 °C and –7.5 to –10.1, respectively. 相似文献
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拉梅尔斯贝格矿床是中欧华力西期最重要的SHMS(以沉积岩为容矿围岩的块状硫化物)类矿床之一,位于莱茵海西期地体的上哈茨地块。该矿床形成于泥盆纪,矿体赋存于艾菲尔阶的威森巴赫页岩中,经华力西造山运动发生了强烈的变形。主要有新矿体、老矿体和富含重晶石的灰色矿体,主要硫化物矿物为黄铁矿、闪锌矿、方铅矿和黄铜矿。硫同位素数据显示,拉梅尔斯贝格矿床有2个硫源,一个是热液成因;一个是生物成因,来自细菌还原的海水中的硫酸盐。铅同位素说明,它的铅主要来自均匀的地壳。与其他SHMS类矿床相比,拉梅尔斯贝格矿床明显富铜。 相似文献
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夏塞银多金属矿床中硫化物和硫盐系列矿物特征及其意义 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
夏塞矿主档是大型的热液脉型银多金属矿床,通过对大量矿石光（薄）片观察和电子探针分析表明,除主要（方铅矿、富铁闪锌矿）和次要（黄铁矿、毒砂、磁黄铁矿、黄铜矿等）硫化物外,硫盐毓硫物十分发育,主要有Ｃｕ－Ｓｂ－Ａｇ硫盐（黝铜矿、含银黝铜矿和银黝铜矿）、Ｓｂ－Ａｇ硫盐（深红银矿、辉锑银矿）、Ｐｂ－Ｓｂ硫盐（脆硫锑铅矿、硫锑铅矿）和Ｂｉ－Ｐｂ硫盐（斜方辉饿铅矿）。此外,尚有少（微）量黄锡矿、锡石、自然饿和银金矿等。银的硫盐硫物和硫化物（辉银矿）乃是获得银的主要工业矿物,这些硫盐毓矿物常与硫化物伴生,多沿方铅矿、富铁闪锌矿、黄铁矿等的解理、裂隙或粒间产出,这些研究结果不仅有助于了解矿化作用过程,而且为矿床评价,组分综合利用和选冶提供重要依据。 相似文献
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E. E. Amplieva 《Geology of Ore Deposits》2008,50(5):404-422
The sequence of orebody formation at the Talgan massive sulfide deposit; morphology of sulfide orebodies; mineralogy, texture, and structure of ore; chemical composition of minerals; and fluid inclusions and relationships between stable isotopes (S, C, O) in sulfides from ores and carbonate rocks are discussed. The deposit is localized in the Uzel’ga ore field of the northern Magnitogorsk Megazone. The sulfide ore is hosted in the upper felsic sequence of the Middle Devonian Karamalytash Formation, composed of basalt, basaltic andesite, and rhyodacite. Orebodies are irregular lenses lying conformably with host rocks. Pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, and fahlore are the major ore minerals; galena, bornite, and hematite are of subordinate abundance. Sulfide mineralization bears attributes of deposition under subseafloor conditions. The carbonate and rhyolite interlayers at the roofs of orebodies and the supraore limestone sequence served as screens. Zoning typical of massive sulfide deposits was not established. The study of fluid inclusions has shown that the temperature of the hydrothermal solution varied from 375 to 110°C. δ34S‰ ranges from ?2.4 to +3.2‰ in pyrite, from ?1.2 to +2.8‰ in chalcopyrite, and from ?3.5 to +3.0‰ in sphalerite (CDT). These parameters correspond to an isotopic composition of magmatic sulfur without a notable percentage of sulfate sulfur. δ13C and δ18O of carbonates vary from ?18.1 to +5.9‰ (PDB) and from +13.7 to +27.8‰ (SMOW), respectively. The carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of carbonates from ores and host rocks markedly deviate from the field of marine carbonates; a deep source of carbon is suggested. The results obtained show that the main mass of polysulfide ore at the Talgan deposit was formed beneath the floor of a paleoocean. The ore-forming system was short-lived and its functioning did not give rise to the formation of zonal orebodies. Magmatic fluid played the leading role in mineral formation. 相似文献
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新疆哈密卡拉塔格块状硫化物矿床金银赋存状态研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
新疆哈密红海黄土坡VMS矿床位于东天山卡拉塔格隆起带,是卡拉塔格矿集区内新发现的块状硫化物矿床。矿体产于卡拉塔格隆起带核部火山沉积岩建造中,具有典型的VMS型矿床“上层下脉”二元结构特征。该矿床中含金硫化物矿石主要有块状黄铁矿黄铜矿、块状黄铁矿黄铜矿闪锌矿、块状黄铁矿闪锌矿黄铜矿和块状闪锌矿。文中在对各类含金硫化物矿石进行详细的矿相学研究基础上,结合扫描电子显微镜与能谱仪联用技术(SEM/EDS),对硫化物样品中金、银的赋存状态进行研究。结果表明,4种块状硫化物中的主要矿物形成于多个期次,主要包括VMS成矿期(黄铁矿阶段、闪锌矿黄铜矿黝铜矿方铅矿阶段、石英重晶石阶段)、热液叠加期(石英黄铁矿黄铜矿闪锌矿方铅矿阶段)和表生期(铜蓝纤铁矿阶段)。矿区首次发现4颗金银金属互化物(银金矿、碲银矿),其较大的化学成分差异指示了热液环境由中酸性中性转变为更有利于Au、Ag迁移沉淀的偏碱性。后期的偏碱性热液对VMS成矿期形成矿物产生了交代作用,使得Au、Ag活化再富集。由于后期热液叠加改造,红海VMS型矿床中Au、Ag不仅赋存于VMS成矿期后期中低温闪锌矿黄铜矿阶段,也赋存于VMS成矿期早期中高温黄铁矿阶段,并贯穿整个热液叠加期。各含金矿物组合中除4颗金银金属互化物外Au多呈显微不可见状态,推测Au、Ag主要以原子或离子形式赋存于矿物晶格中或矿物空位处。 相似文献
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海相火山-沉积建造铁铜矿床类型及地质特征 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
铁-铜型矿床产出的时代从元古宙到新生代均有，与其有关的火山岩大多数为中基性与中酸性或偏碱性岩石。作者以镜的山桦树沟、陇山陈家庙和陕西铜厂不同时代的铁-铜矿床为例，概述了该类型矿床的地质特征、成矿环境并着重探了铁-铜矿床的成因机制，认为该类型矿床是与火山作用有关的喷气-沉积型矿床，同时指出柳沟峡地区及其以西（东缰地区）铁-铜型铜矿化带的发现，是进一步寻找铁-铜-金矿床的有利地段。 相似文献
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吉林抚松西林河银矿床是吉林东部近期发现和评价的产于太古宙古花岗岩和元古宙大理岩接触带的中低温热液矿床.矿床位于龙岗断块北东端韧性断裂带中,矿体产状受韧性断裂控制,矿体形态主要为脉状并具有分支复合、尖灭再现等变化.矿石结构主要有自形-半自形结构、他形粒状结构、包含结构、填隙结构、压碎结构、内部解理结构、乳滴结构、侵蚀结构.矿石构造主要为细脉状构造、稀疏浸染状构造、块状构造、角砾状构造.矿石中金属矿物有辉银矿、锑银矿、自然银、黄铁矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿、黄铜矿、黝铜矿、铜蓝、辉锑矿等.矿石中非金属矿物主要为石英、绢云母及方解石、绿泥石.矿床成因类型为岩浆期后中低温热液充填型银矿床,主要控矿因素为构造、岩石地层和岩浆岩. 相似文献
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The Qolqoleh gold deposit is located in the northwestern part of the Sanandai‐Sirjan Zone, northwest of Iran. Gold mineralization in the Qolqoleh deposit is almost entirely confined to a series of steeply dipping ductile–brittle shear zones generated during Late Cretaceous–Tertiary continental collision between the Afro‐Arabian and the Iranian microcontinent. The host rocks are Mesozoic volcano‐sedimentary sequences consisting of felsic to mafic metavolcanics, which are metamorphosed to greenschist facies, sericite and chlorite schists. The gold orebodies were found within strong ductile deformation to late brittle deformation. Ore‐controlling structure is NE–SW‐trending oblique thrust with vergence toward south ductile–brittle shear zone. The highly strained host rocks show a combination of mylonitic and cataclastic microstructures, including crystal–plastic deformation and grain size reduction by recrystalization of quartz and mica. The gold orebodies are composed of Au‐bearing highly deformed and altered mylonitic host rocks and cross‐cutting Au‐ and sulfide‐bearing quartz veins. Approximately half of the mineralization is in the form of dissemination in the mylonite and the remainder was clearly emplaced as a result of brittle deformation in quartz–sulfide microfractures, microveins and veins. Only low volumes of gold concentration was introduced during ductile deformation, whereas, during the evident brittle deformation phase, competence contrasts allowed fracturing to focus on the quartz–sericite domain boundaries of the mylonitic foliation, thus permitting the introduction of auriferous fluid to create disseminated and cross‐cutting Au‐quartz veins. According to mineral assemblages and alteration intensity, hydrothermal alteration could be divided into three zones: silicification and sulfidation zone (major ore body); sericite and carbonate alteration zone; and sericite–chlorite alteration zone that may be taken to imply wall‐rock interaction with near neutral fluids (pH 5–6). Silicified and sulfide alteration zone is observed in the inner parts of alteration zones. High gold grades belong to silicified highly deformed mylonitic and ultramylonitic domains and silicified sulfide‐bearing microveins. Based on paragenetic relationships, three main stages of mineralization are recognized in the Qolqoleh gold deposit. Stage I encompasses deposition of large volumes of milky quartz and pyrite. Stage II includes gray and buck quartz, pyrite and minor calcite, sphalerite, subordinate chalcopyrite and gold ores. Stage III consists of comb quartz and calcite, magnetite, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite, pyrrhotite and gold ores. Studies on regional geology, ore geology and ore‐forming stages have proved that the Qolqoleh deposit was formed in the compression–extension stage during the Late Cretaceous–Tertiary continental collision in a ductile–brittle shear zone, and is characterized by orogenic gold deposits. 相似文献
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The occurrence and the chemical compositions of ore minerals (especially the silver‐bearing minerals) and fluid inclusions of the El Zancudo mine in Colombia were investigated in order to analyze the genetic processes of the ore minerals and to examine the genesis of the deposit. The El Zancudo mine is a silver–gold deposit located in the western flank of the Central Cordillera in Antioquia Department. It consists mainly of banded ore veins hosted in greenschist and lesser disseminated ore in porphyritic rocks. The ore deposit is associated with extensive hydrothermally altered zones. The ores from the banded veins contain sphalerite, pyrite, arsenopyrite, galena, Ag‐bearing sulfosalts, Pb‐Sb sulfosalts, and minor chalcopyrite, electrum, and native silver. Electrum is included within sphalerite, pyrite, and arsenopyrite, and is also partially surrounded by pyrite, arsenopyrite, sphalerite, and tetrahedrite. Native silver is present in minor amounts as small grains in contact with Ag‐rich sulfosalts. Silver‐bearing sulfosalts are argentian tetrahedrite–freibergite solid solution, andorite, miargyrite, diaphorite, and owyheeite. Pb‐Sb sulfosalts are bournonite, jamesonite, and boulangerite. Two main crystallization stages are recognized, based on textural relations and mineral assemblages. The first‐stage assemblage includes sphalerite, pyrite, arsenopyrite, galena and electrum. The second stage is divided into two sub‐stages. The first sub‐stage commenced with the deposition and growth of sphalerite, pyrite, and arsenopyrite. These minerals are characterized by compositional growth banding, and seem to have crystallized continuously until the end of the second sub‐stage. Tetrahedrite, Pb‐Cu sulfosalts, Ag‐Sb sulfosalt, and Pb‐Ag‐Sb sulfosalts crystallized from the final part of the first sub‐stage and during the whole second sub‐stage. However, one Pb‐Ag‐Sb sulfosalt, diaphorite, was formed by a retrograde reaction between galena and miargyrite. The minimum and maximum genetic temperatures estimated from the FeS content of sphalerite coexisting with pyrite and the silver content of electrum are 300°C and 420°C, respectively. These estimated genetic temperatures are similar to, but slightly higher than the homogenization temperatures (235–350°C) of primary fluid inclusions in quartz. The presence of muscovite in the altered host rocks and gangue suggest that the pH of the hydrothermal solutions was close to neutral. Most of the sulfosalts in this deposit have previously been attributed as the products of epithermal mineralization. However, El Zancudo can be classified as a xenothermal deposit, in view of the low pressure and high temperature genetic conditions identified in the present study, based on the mineralogy of sulfosalts and the homogenization temperatures of the fluid inclusions. 相似文献
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采用岩矿鉴定、扫描电镜和电子探针等手段,对湘南地区多个钨锡多金属矿床的矿化蚀变进行了研究和总结.结果 表明,湘南地区钨锡多金属矿化蚀变矿物组成复杂,但各矿区普遍存在锡石、黄铜矿、黑钨矿(或白钨矿)、闪锌矿、方铅矿等金属矿物,萤石和黄玉常见,云母化、钾长石化、绿泥石化、尖晶石化等热液蚀变普遍,表明成矿流体具有类似或相同的来源及组分;各矿田(或矿床)的成矿流体均富含B和F等挥发分及Fe和Mn,钨、锡和铜矿化密切共生,钨锡多金属矿石中可见Nb和Be矿化,表明Li、Be、Nb、Ta、W、Sn、Bi、Cu、Pb、Zn等矿化为类似成矿流体的产物;初步研究认为湘南地区的钨锡多金属矿化是同一岩浆房分异演化的成矿流体的产物,提出了成矿的概念模型. 相似文献
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栖霞山铅锌矿位于长江中下游成矿带东部,是我国东部最大的铅锌矿床。通过矿区接替资源勘查,在深部取得重大突破,主矿体控制深度由-650 m延深至-1 079 m,且在深部发现了绿帘石、透闪石、透辉石等矽卡岩蚀变矿物。结合最新成果,从控矿地质因素、矿体地质、成矿元素的空间分带特征等入手,全面总结了矿床地质特征。通过分析黄铁矿、闪锌矿、方铅矿、黄铜矿中S同位素组成,发现黄铁矿中的硫来源于沉积岩和岩浆,而闪锌矿、方铅矿和黄铜矿中的硫来源于岩浆;硫化物中Pb同位素的分布特征指示矿石铅主要来源于上地壳与地幔混合;碳酸盐矿物C、O同位素组成反映成矿流体与岩浆热液的亲缘关系;H、O同位素特征反映成矿流体主要为深部岩浆期后热液,并有大气水的加入。综合地质与同位素地球化学研究成果,对栖霞山铅锌矿床的成因进行了探讨。 相似文献
19.
辽宁红透山块状硫化物矿床矿石糜棱岩铜-金富集机制 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
辽宁红透山太古宙块状硫化物型铜锌矿床成矿后的变质作用达到高角闪岩相 ,并经历了 3个阶段的变形。矿床的主要矿石矿物为黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿、黄铜矿和闪锌矿。主矿体内分布有 30多条矿石糜棱岩带 ,它们大多数平行或近于平行块状硫化物矿层 ,少数产在矿体附近围岩中。带中的各种硫化物矿物均遭受了强烈的剪切变形 ,其中黄铁矿以碎裂为主 ,而磁黄铁矿、黄铜矿和闪锌矿显示强烈的塑性。矿石糜棱岩比块状硫化物矿石明显富集铜、金、银等元素 ,其铜、金和银平均含量分别达1 1 .0 0 % ,1 .74g/t和 2 35g/t,相对于块状矿石的富集系数分别为 5 .3、5 .0和 4 .6。这些金属的高度富集主要是因为矿石糜棱岩受到了后期流体的叠加。铅同位素组成表明矿石糜棱岩中的金属一部分来自块状矿石 ,另一部分来自块状硫化物矿体之外。韧性剪切和流体叠加均发生于矿床退变质过程中 相似文献
20.
Daizo ISHIYAMA Ryoji SATO Toshio MIZUTA Yohei ISHIKAWA Jingbin WANG 《Resource Geology》2001,51(4):377-392
Abstract: The Anle Sn‐Cu and Huanggangliang Fe‐Sn deposits have been exploited in the Linxi district, which is located 165 km northwest of Chifeng City in northern China. In this study the formation mechanisms of the tin deposits in the Anle and Huanggangliang mining area were investigated to understand the mechanisms of tin mineralization in northern China. The veins of the Anle deposit are divided into cassiterite–quartz–chlorite veins, chalcopyrite‐bearing quartz veins, cassi–terite–chalcopyrite–bearing quartz veins and sphalerite‐quartz veins. The sequence of mineralization is tin mineralization (stage I), copper mineralization (stage II), and lead‐zinc mineralization (stage III). The Huanggangliang tin deposit consists of magnetite skarn orebodies and many cassiterite‐bearing feldspar–fluorite veins and veinlets cutting the magnetite orebodies. The fluid inclusions in quartz and fluorite in ores from the Anle and Huanggangliang tin deposits are divided into two‐phase fluid inclusions, vapor‐rich fluid inclusions and poly‐phase fluid inclusions. The final homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions of quartz in the ores of the Anle deposit and fluorite of tin‐bearing feldspar veins in the Huanggangliang tin deposit range from 195 to 425C and from 215 to 450C, respectively. The fluids responsible for the Anle and Huanggangliang tin deposits were of very high temperature and NaCl‐rich ones containing K, Ca, Al, Si, Ti, Fe and Cl in addition to ore metals such as Sn and Cu. The temperature and chemical composition of fluid in fluid inclusions of igneous rocks in the mining area are very similar to those of fluid in fluid inclusions in the ores of these deposits. The fluid for these ore deposits had a close relation with the fluid coexisting with melt of Late Jurassic granitic rocks in this mining area. Salinities of fluid inclusions from these ore deposits and granitic rocks in the mining area were estimated to range from 35 to 50 wt % NaCl equivalent. Based on arsenopy‐rite geothermometry and fluid inclusion studies, a fluid containing 40 wt% NaCl (eq.) could be formed by phase separation of fluid having 6 wt% NaCl (eq.) at a temperature of 420 to 500C and a pressure of 0.3 to 0.4 kb. The temperatures and pressures presented above indicate an NaCl‐rich magmatic fluid derived from granitic melt that had intruded into a shallow level of crust caused the Sn–Fe–Cu mineralization of the mining area. The geological relationship between these ore deposits and granitic bodies around the ore deposits, and the similarity of fluids forming these ore deposits and coexisting with granitic melt, suggest that these ore deposits were formed by the activity of fluid derived from granitic melt in Late Jurassic age. 相似文献