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1.
在麻江古油藏都匀坝固剖面的下奥陶统红花园组中,在灰岩晶洞、溶孔、裂隙中充填有大量的沥青,晶洞中还同时发现与沥青共生的晶形完好、颗粒粗大的原生水晶,有的水晶中肉眼即可见黑色的固态物质.这种水晶包含沥青的现象并不多见,常见的矿物中的沥青包裹体多与气态及液态烃共生,一般分布在包裹体壁. 相似文献
2.
中国南方存在印支期的油气藏——Re-Os同位素体系的制约 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用Re-Os同位素方法开展富含有机质的沥青、原油等的研究,是确定油气成藏时间和破坏时间有效的但极富挑战性的新途径,在国内尚无研究实例报道。以我国南方最大的古油藏之一的麻江古油藏中的沥青为主要对象,采用Re-Os同位素方法试图限定油气的成藏时间和破坏时间。研究表明,麻江古油藏的固体沥青Re、Os同位素质量分数分别在41.5×10-6～642×10-6和0.21×10-6～12.15×10-6之间,N(187Re)/N(188Os)比值较高,且变化范围较大,在270.90～4074.99之间,Os同位素组成指示中等放射成因,其N(187Os)/N(188Os)比值在0.3400～3.6557之间变化。所有沥青样品的模式年龄在28～144Ma之间变化,集中在85Ma左右。通过沥青Re-Os同位素研究,结合详细地质资料,认为麻江古油藏的成藏时间为印支期—早燕山期(144Ma之前),而油藏破坏时间为燕山晚期即85Ma左右。 相似文献
3.
充分考虑热演化过程中烃源岩干酪根、族组分、固体沥青及正构烷烃碳同位素相互关系及变化规律,通过地球化学分析并结合前人碳同位素及芳烃标志物研究进行综合分析,结果表明古油藏各区域储层早期均存在下寒武统黑色泥岩来源,后期来源有较大差别,麻江古背斜以南各地沥青均不同程度与中寒武统都柳江组有关,北凯里液态原油及油苗为五峰组及龙马溪组印支期成藏产物,其保存环境为储层早期成岩过程中形成的独立封闭系统。在油源识别的基础上,结合构造地质背景、油气成藏条件及流体活动规律分析,认为黔南坳陷及邻区下寒武统、都柳江组、五峰组及龙马溪组烃源岩的分布控制了该区油气富集规律,黔南海西期断裂系统与加里东运动形成的不整合面构成不同期次油气运聚的输导系统,海西期形成的一系列正断裂是麻江古油藏成藏的关键。 相似文献
4.
谷团 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2017,47(2)
牛角塘伴生型镉矿床镉的富集程度高,比克拉克值高4~5个数量级,比工业品位高十几倍至上百倍。早寒武世清虚洞期牛角塘地区处于台缘滩丘环境,在清虚洞组中上部形成了藻丘建造,发育了含藻类、藻球粒、藻鲕粒、核形石和生物碎屑的白云岩,是该矿床最主要的容矿岩性单元。矿体普遍呈似层状、透镜状和脉状产出,矿体产状与容矿围岩的产状基本一致,矿体的分布受清虚洞组藻丘建造以及有利岩性组合的联合控制,具明显的层控、相控、岩控的特点。藻丘建造还可能提供了部分矿源。镉的超常富集、成矿与麻江古油藏的成藏演化具有一定的关系:一是牛角塘矿床成矿年龄为433~510 Ma,即加里东运动的中晚期,而加里东运动中晚期是麻江古油藏的油气活动时期,麻江古油藏的早期演化阶段与牛角塘镉矿的成矿期大体是重合的,成藏应略早于成矿,成矿是在古油藏液态烃仍然存在的情况下进行的,且成矿期有可能一直延伸至油藏被破坏以后;二是油藏流体为成矿提供具还原性质的成矿流体和部分硫源。特殊的岩相古地理环境和古油藏为牛角塘矿床镉的富集和成矿提供了有利条件。 相似文献
5.
川中地区震旦系灯影组四段已获得巨大勘探突破,太和含气区灯二段目前也已展示出较大勘探潜力。但灯二段储层时代老、埋深大、成岩演化历史长,经历了多期次构造运动,储层中矿物胶结充填期次复杂,成岩演化与油气充注关系不清,一定程度上制约了灯二段油气勘探。本文基于岩石组构分析,利用阴极发光、原位微区分析、流体包裹体及白云石U- Pb年代学等方法厘定了川中太和气区灯二段储层成岩序列,明确了不同期次白云石胶结充填物的成岩环境、成岩流体特征、形成时间及代表的油气充注事件,明确了其油气地质意义及灯二段油气成藏历史。研究表明区内灯二段储层孔洞中沥青及胶结充填物的成岩序列为：第一世代海底环境纤维状白云石→第二世代表生成岩环境大气淡水白云石→第三世代浅埋藏环境粉—细晶粒状白云石→第Ⅰ期氧化降解沥青→第四世代中埋藏环境中晶白云石→第五世代深埋藏环境粗晶白云石→第Ⅱ期热裂解沥青→第六世代深埋藏环境巨晶- 鞍状白云石→第七世代抬升埋藏环境石英、萤石等矿物。主要反映了四种不同类型的成岩流体特点：① 具有高Na、K含量,低Fe、Mn含量,负Ce异常,Y正异常特征的高盐度海源流体;② 具有较低Fe、Mn含量,平缓REE模式,无Eu异常特征的淡水与残余海水的混合流体;③ 具有高Fe、Mn含量,Eu明显正异常特征的高温热液流体与早期海水的混合流体;④ 具有高Mn含量,Fe/Mn＜1,HREE较富集,Eu正异常特征且自生石英、萤石矿物沉淀的深部与高温热液相关的酸性、还原性流体。不同世代矿物的充填关系、流体包裹体相态、均一温度以及白云石U- Pb年代学分析表明,开始发育含烃包裹体的第三世代粉—细晶白云石与形成于加里东运动导致的构造隆升期的第Ⅰ期沥青分别记录了加里东期古油藏的形成及破坏;第四世代中晶白云石及第五世代粗晶白云石记录了印支期古油藏的形成,部分第五世代粗晶白云石及第Ⅱ期沥青记录了印支期古油藏裂解事件;第六世代巨晶- 鞍形白云石及第七世代石英、萤石等矿物记录了古干气藏形成及气藏形成、调整和定型的成藏事件。 相似文献
6.
系统分析了黔北仁怀县震旦系灯影组储层孔洞充填自生石英、方解石流体包裹体特征及氧同位素组成,采用下寒武统牛蹄塘组沥青反射率并结合灯影组自生石英流体包裹体均一温度进行古地温场恢复。研究结果表明,自生石英流体包裹体可以分为三期,均一温度分别为87.1~98.8℃、109.4~126.8℃和171.3~190.2℃,晚期充填方解石流体包裹体均一温度为95.3~116.4℃,下寒武统牛蹄塘组等效镜质体反射率为3.11%~3.43%。结合包裹体均一温度分析,认为加里东晚期—燕山期古地温梯度为2.61~2.76℃/100m,各期埋藏阶段充填白云石和晚期充填方解石δ18O(PDB)分别为-15.0‰~-7.8‰和-16.1‰~-14.2‰,估算其形成的温度分别为92.0~212.5℃和74.5~86.3℃。黔北仁怀灯影组发生了三期油气成藏及一期天然气藏破坏,分别为加里东中晚期浅埋藏首次石油成藏(442~428Ma)、海西晚期—印支早期中等埋深二次石油成藏(252~232Ma)及燕山早期深埋天然气成藏(170Ma~155Ma),喜马拉雅早期天然气藏破坏时间约为42~30Ma,破坏深度为2963~3741m。本研究对于该区"下组合"油气勘探部署具有重要意义。 相似文献
7.
贵州石头寨二叠系古油藏油气成藏期分析：流体包裹体与Sm-Nd同位素制约 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
贵州石头寨二叠系古油藏是滇黔桂地区众多上古生界生物礁型古油藏的典型代表。该古油藏发育了三期溶孔、裂缝充填方解石,其中含丰富的油气包裹体,三期油气包裹体组合依次为:少量液烃包裹体→液烃包裹体 气烃包裹体→气烃包裹体,与油气包裹体共生的气液水包裹体的均一温度分别为77℃～84℃、91℃～103℃和103℃～155℃。根据含油气包裹体的均一温度,结合沉积盆地热演化史和储层埋藏史,确定石头寨古油藏三期油气充注时间分别为238～235Ma、233～230Ma 和230～185Ma,第三期裂缝充填方解石的 Sm-Nd 等时线年龄为182±21Ma。古油藏的油气充注始于印支中期,于印支晚期至燕山早期达到高峰,燕山中晚期以来遭受破坏形成现今的残余古油藏。 相似文献
8.
9.
鄂尔多斯盆地南部奥陶系天然气成藏条件分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对鄂南奥陶系风化壳天然气成藏的烃源条件、储集层形成机理和圈闭特征的研究认为,早奥陶世,黄陵古隆起分割秦岭坳拉槽与华北海,并在古隆起北侧形成蒸发台地斜坡云坪相膏云岩沉积。加里东运动期,黄陵古隆起随同鄂尔多斯盆地整体抬升,其北坡不同层位膏云岩、含膏白云岩差异溶蚀形成各类孔隙型储集层,并以探井钻遇的蜂窝状膏溶细晶白云岩、针孔状膏溶白云岩和膏溶角砾白云岩为代表广泛分布。海西-印支期,黄陵古隆起处于有利于接受秦岭坳拉槽运移流体的部位,目前已在其南北两翼发现较多的含沥青古油藏显示。古油藏中的石油在晚侏罗-早白垩世高古地温热演化阶段转化成天然气,可为富县斜坡提供充足的天然气源。米脂坳陷致密岩性带为风化壳天然气聚集提供了区域圈闭条件,从而使富县-甘泉地区成为天然气勘探的有利场所。 相似文献
10.
储层流体包裹体PVTX模拟被广泛用来确定包裹体的捕获温度与压力,进而精确恢复油气运移/成藏的时间/ 深度。
应用该VTFlinc 模拟方法,选择塔里木盆地塔河油田外围托甫台地区的TP2井,对其奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层中的流体包裹体开
展了研究,根据包裹体的岩相学、显微测温、激光拉曼光谱、激光共聚焦显微镜等分析,研究了包裹体的形成期次、成份
及热力学特征,并模拟计算了包裹体形成的古温度和古压力,进而推断了油气充注的时间和成藏期次。结果表明,TP2井
区主要存在两期油气充注,第一期大致在加里东晚期,时间距今420~405 Ma,第二期大致在喜山晚期,时间距今8~2 Ma。
以往研究认为塔河油田主体部位的后期喜山期油气充注成藏事件并未影响到这一地区,而通过本文应用的新方法研究,证
明了该期油气成藏事件存在,这为区域油气勘探提供了新的参考信息,也充分展示出本研究方法所具有的潜在重要推广应
用意义。 相似文献
11.
The fracture-bound deposit at the Sieringhoek (Bentheim) bitumen mine in NW Germany has yielded a substantial quantity of bitumen ore. Emplacement of the bitumen into the fracture system occurred under high pressure, causing brecciation and impregnation of the host Gildehaus Sandstone. Subsequently the bitumen was brecciated and cemented by calcite and calcite-entrained sand. Bitumen injection followed fracturing into a hydro-carbon reservoir at depth, generated from a Jurassic/Cretaceous source rock. Diagenesis of the host rock was largely completed by the time of bitumen injection, reflecting the long time gap during which source rock maturation occurred. Impurities in the bitumen include large quantities of rock fragments, abraded during injection, and crystals of metal oxides and sulphides. 相似文献
12.
通过岩心和薄片镜下观测、包裹体荧光分析、扫描电镜、QGF-E和X-CT等技术对东营凹陷牛庄—六户洼陷沙河街组下亚段(简称沙三下)烃源岩的排烃通道进行了判识,结果表明:①源岩内部的裂缝(包括沿层理面的顺层裂缝、与层理面斜交的裂缝和成岩收缩缝)多被固体沥青所充填,且充填裂缝的方解石脉体中存在大量发亮黄色荧光的油包裹体,说明裂缝充当了源岩排烃的有效通道;②牛24、牛83等4口井的73块与烃源岩互层的薄层砂岩样品的QGF-E荧光强度值绝大多数大于120pc(约占分析样品总数的78.6%),仅少数样品的荧光强度小于40pc,说明大多数薄层砂岩充当了源岩内部烃类侧向排出的通道;③扫描电镜和高分辨率X-CT扫描结果显示,Es3下烃源岩样品中干酪根网络分布连续,按照Hunt(1967)确定的有机质中烃类含量的下限标准(2.5%~10%),高有机质丰度和转化率的Es3下烃源岩存在通过干酪根网络的排烃机制。 相似文献
13.
川东北飞仙关组储层固体沥青地球化学特征及其气源指示意义 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
运用有机岩石学、有机地球化学、催化加氢热解、GC—IRMS等方法和技术,深入研究了川东北飞仙关组储层固体沥青及可能烃源岩的地球化学特征。研究认为,飞仙关组储层固体沥青反射率高,双反射明显,为非均质结构储层焦沥青;在碳酸盐岩储层的各种孔隙中,呈脉状、球粒状、角片状或块状等他形充填,具有中间相结构和镶嵌状结构特征,反映其高温热变质成因;元素组成有S/C高、H/C低的特点,其固体碳同位素组成与长兴组烃源岩干酪根相似。储层固体沥青的可能烃源岩发育于还原—弱氧化咸水沉积环境,有机质来源于水生藻类;氯仿沥青“A”饱和烃甾萜类生物标志物对比表明,上二叠长兴组烃源岩是主要来源,飞仙关组、下志留统烃源岩亦有贡献;催化加氢产物饱和烃及其正构烷烃单体碳同位素组成显示,坡2井飞仙关组储层固体沥青与罐5井飞仙关组烃源岩具有明显的亲缘关系,这也可作为飞仙关组海槽相烃源岩对飞仙关组气藏有贡献的佐证。 相似文献
14.
渤海湾盆地潜山油气资源较丰富,近期黄骅坳陷古生界潜山油气勘探取得重大进展,但油气藏的形成时期及期次尚不明确.以黄骅坳陷北大港古生界潜山为例,综合利用储层沥青、流体包裹体观察、测温、拉曼光谱及红外光谱分析等地球化学分析手段,结合烃源岩生烃史,对其油气成藏期进行了系统研究.结果表明:研究区古生界发育碳质、胶质-沥青质、油质3种沥青,经历了生物降解和氧化作用等多种次生改造过程,结合研究区的构造演化及生烃史,推测早侏罗世中期之前存在油气充注;古生界潜山发育两期烃类包裹体,第一期包裹体发黄褐色荧光,主要分布于石英颗粒表面及方解石脉内,均一温度峰值区间为75~80℃,第二期包裹体包括黄色、蓝绿色荧光两类,分布在石英颗粒内裂缝、穿石英颗粒裂缝及方解石脉内,均一温度峰值范围分别为85~90℃和95~100℃;综合古生界潜山储层沥青及包裹体特征,结合烃源岩生烃史,确定古生界存在两期油气充注,分别为中三叠世（235~223 Ma）和新近纪-第四纪（22~0 Ma）,且以晚期成藏为主. 相似文献
15.
上奥陶统五峰组-下志留统龙马溪组海相页岩是四川盆地下古生界主要的烃源岩和页岩气勘探目标,有机质成熟度不仅是油气生成评价的关键,也是页岩品质评价的重要指标之一.下古生界页岩有机质成熟度一直以来是有机岩石学研究的难点与热点问题.由于下古生界缺乏镜质体,先前的研究多是采用沥青反射率转换为等效镜质体反射率的方法,并且由于沥青的局限性和不确定性,使得五峰-龙马溪组页岩的成熟度缺乏统一的认识和系统研究.通过采集四川盆地及其周缘的岩心和露头样品,系统分析了页岩有机显微组分光学反射率特征.结果表明笔石和固体沥青是最主要的两类有机显微组分.根据固体沥青的显微结构形态和光性特征,将固体沥青大体上分为两类:（1）颗粒状-棱角状的充填在孔隙和微裂缝中高反射率焦沥青;（2）以细小不规则表面的有机质颗粒大量分散于粘土矿物基质中的低反射率基质固体沥青.焦沥青与笔石随机反射率均可以表征下古生界页岩有机质成熟度.但焦沥青反射率略低于笔石反射率,并且随着成熟度的增高,笔石反射率的增速大于焦沥青,各向异性也显著增强.相对于固体沥青反射率,笔石随机反射率分布更为集中,更适合作为含笔石页岩有机质成熟度指标.但是笔石反射率与等效镜质体反射率在过成熟阶段的换算关系需要进一步研究. 相似文献
16.
Field investigation combined with detailed petrographic observation indicate that abundant oil,gas,and solid bitumen inclusions were entrapped in veins and cements of sedimentary rocks in the Dabashan foreland,which were used to reconstruct the oil and gas migration history in the context of tectonic evolution.Three stages of veins were recognized and related to the collision between the North China block and the Yangtze block during the Indosinian orogeny from Late Triassic to Early Jurassic(Dl),the southwest thrusting of the Qinling orogenic belt towards the Sichuan basin during the Yanshanian orogeny from Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous(D2),and extensional tectonics during Late Cretaceous to Paleogene(D3),respectively.The occurrences of hydrocarbon inclusions in these veins and their homogenization temperatures suggest that oil was generated in the early stage of tectonic evolution,and gas was generated later,whereas solid bitumen was the result of pyrolysis of previously accumulated hydrocarbons.Three stages of hydrocarbon fluid inclusions were also identified in cements of carbonates and sandstones of gas beds in the Dabashan foreland belt and the Dabashan foreland depression(northeastern Sichuan basin),which recorded oil/gas formation,migration,accumulation and destruction of paleo-reservoirs during the D2.Isotopic analysis of hydrocarbon fluid inclusions contained in vein minerals shows that δ~(13)C_1 of gas in fluid inclusions ranges from-17.0‰ to-30.4‰(PDB) and δD from-107.7‰ to-156.7‰(SMOW),which indicates that the gas captured in the veins was migrated natural gas which may be correlated with gas from the gas-fields in northern Sichuan basin.Organic geochemical comparison between bitumen and potential source rocks indicates that the Lower Cambrian black shale and the Lower Permian black limestone were the most possible source rocks of the bitumen.Combined with tectonic evolution history of the Dabashan foreland,the results of this study suggest that oil was generated from the Paleozoic source rocks in the Dabashan area under normal burial thermal conditions before Indosinian tectonics and accumulated to form paleo-reservoirs during Indosinian collision between the North China block and the Yangtz block.The paleo-reservoirs were destroyed during the Yanshanian tectonic movement when the Dabashan foreland was formed.At the same time,oil in the paleo-reservoirs in the Dabashan foreland depression was pyrolyzed to transform to dry gas and the residues became solid bitumen. 相似文献
17.
Familiar since antiquity, and subject in contemporary times to various characterization schemes, the exact nature of solid bitumen is not yet fully known. Bitumens have ‘random polymer-like’ molecular structures, are mobile as highly viscous fluids or were once fluids but have since turned into solids. Solid bitumens consist mainly of large moieties, of polyclyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, occasionally with finely admixed, fine-grained cryptocrystalline graphite. Solid bitumens are distinguished from kerogen, which is the syngenetic and generally finely dispersed particulate organic matter in sedimentary rock that virtually does not migrate following its deposition. Occurrences of solid bitumens are relevant to petroleum exploration as well as the search for, and evaluation of, a variety of metallic mineral deposits. Genesis of bitumen is in many cases linked to the thermal and hydrothermal history of organic matter in sedimentary rock. Apparently bitumen, or more specifically organic acids generated along with bitumen during diagenesis, may alter porosity of reservoir rocks or otherwise prepare the ground for ore deposition. Bitumen is also relatively sensitive to alteration processes, some of which, such as oxidative weathering, water leaching, biodegradation (contact) metamorphism and ionizing radiation may likewise affect its nature. Elemental composition of bitumen commonly reflects the nature of mineral deposits. Is is possible that in petroleum exploration, trace metal abundances of bitumen may eventually allow prediction of crude oil types and volumes anticipated from a given source rock? Beside transition elements, notably Ni and V, highly anomalous concentrations of U, Pt and Au occur in some solid bitumens. During the generation of petroleum from kerogen, the trend in δ13C is toward lighter values. The opposite seems to occur when liquid petroleum is subjected to thermal cracking (and /or related processes) yielding solid bitumen enriched in 13C, and isotopically light methane. In fact, except for deasphalting and possibly some irradiation processes, the result of thermal cracking, oxidation, water leaching, inspissation (drying) and bacterial degradation of crude oil is that lower molecular weight hydrocarbons are removed leaving bitumen residues enriched in aromatic hydrocarbons, heteroatomic compounds (NSO) and 13C. Such phenomena are relevant to bitumen paragenesis in petroleum reservoir rocks, to certain Phanerozoic occurrences of multiple generations of bitumens, and to bitumens in mineral deposits. 相似文献
18.
Disseminated cumulus chrome spinel in the lower-most olivine orthocumulates from the Western Laouni intrusion (Southern Hoggar, Algeria) contains inclusions of silicates enriched in Mg-Ti-Na and H2O, and Fe-Ti (Zr) rich oxides, occurring either as numerous micro-inclusions or as large solitary cavities. Regardless of the inclusion type, titanian pargasite (or kaersutite) and the sodium analog of phlogopite predominate over orthopyroxene (En86 to En92) and Na-rich plagioclase (An50Ab50 to An7Ab93). Oxide inclusions are magnesian ilmenite (up to 37 mol% MgTiO3), rutile, loveringite (Ca,REE-(Ti,Fe,Cr,Mg,Zr)21O38) and accessory magnesian pseudo-brookite (kennedyite); apatite, Fe-Ni-Cu sulfides and alteration products (saussurite, bastite) are also present. Apart from kennedyite, all minerals included in chrome spinel form larger intercumulus crystals in the host rock as well. The micro-inclusions were trapped as the consequence of chrome spinel dissolving against the intercumulus liquid, 150 to 300° C below its liquidus temperature. The solitary cavities are attributed to fluid-assisted solid-state recrystallization of chains of spinel crystals; the role of capillary fluids is demonstrated by both the hydrous nature of solid inclusions and a strong positive correlation between the amphibole content and the abundance of solid inclusions in the rock. Phlogopite locally showing similar optical orientation within and outside the inclusions indicates that spinel was still recrystallizing down to 950° C. In the temperature range 1100-900° C determined for the formation of inclusions, chrome spinel probably trapped various combinations of crystals, liquids and fluids, the respective quantities of which varied greatly over distances of few tens of micrometres in a single spinel. The volume ratio of solids to liquids or to fluids must have been low enough to permit magmatic or hydrothermal reactions, which are otherwise never possible for the larger intercumulus crystals. Hence, the lack of olivine and clinopyroxene as inclusions in spinel while abundant in the host rock suggests that, as trapped, they completely reacted with the residual liquid to form phlogopite and pargasite respectively. Likewise, plagioclase and phlogopite have been enriched in Na against hydrothermal fluids to form albite and Na-phlogopite in the mineral inclusions. 相似文献
19.
The topography of various faces of quartz crystals indicates that the late growth of rock crystals occurred at a relatively
slow rate, by the layer by layer mechanism activated by screw dislocations. The capture mechanism of gas-liquid inclusions
by quartz at the deposit is identified, and gas-liquid and solid inclusions are examined in various quartz populations. The
temperature of the mineral-forming processes is evaluated from the homogenization temperatures of the inclusions. Distinct
quartz populations are determined to be formed under similar physicochemical conditions, at temperatures no higher than 260°C,
which increased from earlier to later quartz populations. The quartz veins were produced by solutions of sodic-hydrocarbonate
composition. The geochemical environment in which mineral-forming processes occurred at the Zhelannoe deposit was generally
poor in fluid, and the inclusions are dominated by water and usually contain no more than 10 wt % carbon dioxide, strongly
subordinated amounts of nitrogen and carbon monoxide, and no identifiable methane amounts. 相似文献
20.
Volkmar Trommsdorff George Skippen Peter Ulmer 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1985,89(1):24-29
Solid inclusions of halite and sylvite, formed during regional and contact metamorphism have been identified by microscopy and by electron microprobe analysis in rocks from Campolungo, Switzerland and Cornone di Blumone, Italy. The solid inclusions occur in several of the major minerals crystallized during metamorphism and have been observed as idiomorphic crystals and dendrites. The compositions measured in 100 analyses from Campolungo, Switzerland and 40 analyses from Cornone di Blumone, Italy extend across the two-phase region in the system, KCl-NaCl, indicating that the salt inclusions are high temperature precipitates. In both localities compositionally zoned and unzoned crystals have been found. Measured compositions on the temperature maximum of the two-phase region indicate at least 500° C which can be compared with 500°±20° C determined by Mercolli (1982) and Walther (1983) from the Mg content of calcites from Campolungo. The solid inclusions have been trapped apart from CO2-rich and saline, H2O-rich fluid inclusions which have been described by Mercolli (1982) as the earliest preserved fluid inclusions in the rocks. The early precipitation of salt minerals at Campolungo indicates that fluids were saturated with NaCl and KCl at 500° C and pressures of 2,000 bars or higher. Similar relationships exist between solid and fluid inclusions in the rocks of Cornone di Blumone which formed at temperatures as high as 800° C and pressures between 0.5 and 1 kilobar (Ulmer 1983). The entrapment of halite and sylvite as solid inclusions preserves the composition of the minerals which may therefore be useful as geothermometers. 相似文献