共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
1.
用湖泊沉积研究过去气候变化 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
湖泊沉积是一种具高分辨率的自然档案，记载了丰富的过去气候变迁信息；研究湖泊沉积，从中提取气候代用指标，可以恢复区域过去气候变迁史，进而推断过去全球气候变化。评述了目前研究和应用较多的十几种气候代用指标，如孢粉、碳和氧同位素、微体化石、分子化合物、碳酸钙含量、有机碳含量、藻类、沉积物粒径、矿物组合等；指出了当前特别重要的是要对各种气候代用指标的形成及其变化过程、气候代用指标的具体环境意义作深入细致的 相似文献
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中国湖泊沉积记录的环境演变:研究进展与展望 总被引：29，自引：1，他引：29
综合分析了８０年代后期以来中国湖泊沉积与环境演变研究的新进展,着重对湖泊沉积记录与亚洲古季风变迁、青藏高原湖泊沉积与环境演变、人与自然相互作用的湖泊响应等方面进行了扼要综述,指出今后研究的方向是：湖泊沉积环境指标与气候要素关系的定量研究、高分辨率环境演化时间序列与空间分异规律、现代湖泊沉积动态过程与环境、中国第四纪湖泊数据库与全球变化研究、科学交叉及与其它地质记录的比较研究。 相似文献
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西藏安多的湖泊变化与环境 总被引：25，自引：3，他引：25
钻孔和剖面资料表明，西藏安多地区两个较大的现代湖泊，错那湖和兹格塘错湖至迟形成于３５ｋａＢ．Ｐ．。早期两源相连，水位较高。随后因气候变干，湖面下降，但在２０－１７ｋａＢ．Ｐ．期间湖面又重新升高，并保持相对稳定。自１７ｋａＢ．Ｐ．以后，湖面急剧下降，矿化度随这提高，钙质胶结物出现。在此过程中，因湖面阶段性的相对稳定所形成的１０道砂坝堤，反映了该区气候波动的特征。 相似文献
5.
内蒙古盐湖与台湾湖泊沉积物之古气候记录 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
通过对位于干旱－半干旱区的内蒙古盐湖中沉积物提供的环境和气候条件之相关讯息，能解读出最近２３ｋａＢ．Ｐ．以来详细的气候变化：据今２０～２３ｋａＢ．Ｐ．期间，气候呈温干特征；之后，气候变冷进入末次冰期的极盛期。在１４．５～２０ｋａＢ．Ｐ．期间，降水量大幅度减小，夏季风萎缩，而冬季风更加强劲。自１４．５ｋａＢ．Ｐ．开始，全球进入冰消期。约在１１ｋａＢ．Ｐ．左右，出现异常降温的新仙女木（ＹｏｕｎｇｅｒＤｒｙａｓ）突变事件。自２．３ｋａＢ．Ｐ．以来，夏季风乃处于衰退减弱之趋势，其中仍有明显的气候波动。台湾的撤退池和嘉明湖沉积物，则记录着最近数千年来的气候变动，其中的冷暖变化竟也大多与内蒙古盐湖的记录相对应。似能说明２０～２３ｋａＢ．Ｐ．以来较大范围的气候变化。 相似文献
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湖泊纹层的沉积机理研究评述与展望 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
湖泊纹泥和湖相页岩主要沉积于湖水明显分层的条件下，湖水的分层受气候、盐度、水体深度等多方面的控制。在湖水分层的前提下，各种藻类、碳酸盐、有机质、粘土、粉砂等可以按不同季节分别形成不连续的纹层。其中，藻类、有机质纹层的沉积与藻类的季节性勃发密切相关；碳酸盐纹层的沉积可以与化学作用有关，也可以与藻类勃发产生的生物化学作用有关；粉砂、粘土则是以平流或层间流的方式季节性输入的。总之，纹层或页岩沉积的变化与气候的变化密切相关，利用纹层中的沉积信息研究气候和环境变化早已引起人们的重视，但以气候的周期性变化为主控因素来探讨纹层的变化和湖水的物理化学性质演化还有待开展。 相似文献
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【意义】湖泊年纹层是季节—年际尺度的超高分辨率地质记录，对发展高精度地质年代学和研究古气候与古环境具有重要意义。【进展】综合前人研究成果，对湖泊年纹层的形成和保存、识别和分类、纹层年代学以及湖泊年纹层对古气候和古环境的指示等方面进行了总结：（1）湖泊年纹层的形成和保存受季节性气候和环境变化的影响，在北半球中高纬地区分布较广；（2）对湖泊年纹层的鉴定需结合其物理、化学和生物特征，并通过放射性同位素定年手段进行交叉验证；（3）湖泊年纹层可用于建立精确的或浮动的年代学标尺；（4）湖泊年纹层普遍用于重建年际古气候与古环境，但是研究程度不均衡，时间上主要集中于第四纪，空间上主要集中于欧美地区。【结论与展望】结合目前湖泊年纹层的研究现状和不足，未来应加强现代沉积过程监测，优化湖泊年纹层识别标准。同时利用多种研究手段，系统构建并完善湖泊年纹层研究体系。深入挖掘深时湖泊年纹层的研究价值，聚焦深时年际古气候变化等科学前沿。 相似文献
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浅谈湖泊沉积环境演变中元素地球化学的应用及原理 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
湖泊沉积物中某些元素的含量、比值及分布特征在区域气候与环境变化方面的应用研究发展迅速.介绍了常量元素的含量及其比值分析,有机质中特征元素含量及比值分析,同位素分布特征,稀土元素模式分析几个方法.利用常量元素和有机质特征元素的含量及比值的升高或降低来指示沉积时期湖泊流域温度、降水量等气候变化并建立湖泊演变的气候干湿波动曲线,也可以获得沉积时期元素迁移变化的过程;利用同位素分布特征和稀土元素模式分析来测定沉积速率和建立演化年序,也可以判断湖泊演化过程和水源补给条件等. 相似文献
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同位素地球化学在湖泊沉积记录的气候环境研究方面的应用日益广泛.由于分馏造成的同位素差异大小除与本身的植物生理特征有关外,还受周围环境变化的影响. 相似文献
10.
高分辨湖泊沉积和孢粉记录对气候、水文变化的响应 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
通过对长江中游网湖钻孔高精度分层样品(1.5年/样品)的沉积学和孢粉学研究,试图揭示过去百年网湖在由开放到封闭体系变化中,沉积孢粉与气候、水文动力变化的过程及其相互关系.相关分析和低频滤波分析,反映出沉积物和孢粉的变化对流域降水和长江流量的敏感响应.在过去130年中的多雨洪水年份,湖泊受长江倒灌影响,沉积物以黏土细颗粒... 相似文献
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Periodic progresses have been made on monsoon precipitation changes during the past millennium in eastern China. However, trends of precipitation records reconstructed in the southern part of the region are inconsistent, especially for the relative humidity and dryness between the Medieval Warm Period and the Little Ice Age. In the present study, 17 published monsoon precipitation records, reconstructed from lake sediments, peat sediments, coastal muddy sediments and historical documents, for the past millennium from southeastern China were collected and compared. The results show that trends of various records are inconsistent. The inconsistencies could be partly attributed to age uncertainties and interpretation of the proxies; and the regional differences in precipitation changes might be another causation. To further explore the spatiotemporal patterns and driving mechanisms of monsoon precipitation during the past millennium in southeastern China, more records with accurate chronology and reliable proxies should be reconstructed. 相似文献
12.
Late Holocene high precipitation events recorded in lake sediments and catchment geomorphology,Lake Vuoksjávrátje,NW Sweden 
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下载免费PDF全文 Annika Berntsson Krister N. Jansson Malin E. Kylander Francois De Vleeschouwer Sebastien Bertrand 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2015,44(4):676-692
In this paper, we show the potential of combining multi‐proxy analysis of lake sediments with catchment geomorphology to better understand palaeoenvironmental changes. Previous studies have suggested that alpine lakes in N Sweden may be highly sensitive to variations in catchment erosion and precipitation, and that this sensitivity may influence ecologically based reconstructions of past temperature changes. We analysed lake sediments covering the last 5100 years from the alpine Lake Vuoksjávrátje in NW Sweden in order to identify different erosional regimes in the lake catchment, sediment sources and lake sedimentary processes, which ultimately affect the palaeoecological record. The measured proxies include elemental geochemistry from XRF core scanning, grain size, sediment accumulation rates, fraction of terrestrial organic carbon and geomorphological mapping, supported by previously published chironomid and total organic carbon data. From the integrated results we identified time intervals when increased intensity of precipitation altered sedimentation and lake catchment erosional processes. The most prominent event occurred c. 2900 cal. a BP and is interpreted to be the result of excessive precipitation, possibly related to the climatic shift towards cooler and wetter conditions referred to as the 2.8 ka event. 相似文献
13.
Glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) are increasingly used as proxies for paleoclimate studies of marine and lacustrine environments. While GDGT-based proxies have been applied to a number of lake environments globally, little is known about the distribution of GDGTs on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. We have investigated the isoprenoid GDGTs (iGDGTs) and branched GDGTs (bGDGTs) in Lake Qinghai sediments and the surrounding surface soil in order to examine their potential use as paleoclimate proxies on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The results show that (i) the values of the iGDGT/bGDGT ratio for surrounding soil were at the higher end among globally distributed soils and consequently BIT values (avg. 0.71) at the lower end, (ii) the TEX86 values decreased while the MBT and CBT values increased along an onshore soil–nearshore sediment–offshore sediment transect, (iii) the TEX86 values for the offshore sediments were almost identical and their inferred temperatures were close to mean summer surface water temperature and (iv) the bGDGT-inferred mean annual air temperature (MAAT) and pH for soil were consistent with measured MAAT and pH. However, the CBT-inferred pH for offshore sediments seemed inconsistent with the pH of lake water or sediment. Our results suggest that (i) the higher pH may be an important factor leading to the higher iGDGT/bGDGT values (and lower BIT values) in surrounding surface soil, (ii) both iGDGTs and bGDGTs may originate from terrestrial input and in situ production for this saline lake, especially for nearshore sediments. However, for offshore sediments, terrestrial iGDGT input seems minor, and TEX86 may be useful for paleoclimate studies of Lake Qinghai. 相似文献
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A multi-proxy lacustrine record of Holocene climate change on northeastern Baffin Island, Arctic Canada 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Jason P. Briner Neal Michelutti Donna R. Francis Gifford H. Miller Yarrow Axford Matthew J. Wooller Alexander P. Wolfe 《Quaternary Research》2006,65(3):431-442
Reconstructions of past environmental changes are critical for understanding the natural variability of Earth's climate system and for providing a context for present and future global change. Radiocarbon-dated lake sediments from Lake CF3, northeastern Baffin Island, Arctic Canada, are used to reconstruct past environmental conditions over the last 11,200 years. Numerous proxies, including chironomid-inferred July air temperatures, diatom-inferred lakewater pH, and sediment organic matter, reveal a pronounced Holocene thermal maximum as much as 5°C warmer than historic summer temperatures from 10,000 to 8500 cal yr B.P. Following rapid cooling 8500 cal yr B.P., Lake CF3 proxies indicate cooling through the late Holocene. At many sites in northeastern Canada, the Holocene thermal maximum occurred later than at Lake CF3; this late onset of Holocene warmth is generally attributed to the impacts of the decaying Laurentide Ice Sheet on early Holocene temperatures in northeastern Canada. However, the lacustrine proxies in Lake CF3 apparently responded to insolation-driven warmth, despite the proximity of Lake CF3 to the Laurentide Ice Sheet and its meltwater. The magnitude and timing of the Holocene thermal maximum at Lake CF3 indicate that temperatures and environmental conditions at this site are highly sensitive to changes in radiative forcing. 相似文献
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Radiocarbon age inversions and progression: source and causes in Late Holocene sediments from Lake Chapala,western Mexico 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Pedro F. Zárate-del-Valle Hermes U. Ramírez-Sánchez François Fernex Bernd R. T. Simoneit Isabel Israde-Alcántara 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2011,63(5):1011-1019
The results of eight radiocarbon datings of Lake Chapala sediments (site T46) are presented, the age inversions (AI) observed
and their age progression discussed. As deduced from some AIs and the 210Pb activity (site CHP4), the bioturbation zone in the lake varies over a depth of 5–25 cm. The linear sedimentation rates
(LSRs) calculated from 14C ages do not match the LSR calculated from unsupported 210Pb activity for the upper sediments. This demonstrates the usefulness of dating sediments with complementary radiometric techniques
such as short-lived isotope counting (SLIC), i.e., 210Pb and 137Cs. This approach leads to the following conclusions: (1) The incorporation of detrital particles with ancient carbon into
the sedimentary column of the lake occurred by a combination of: (a) the presence of outcrops of hydrothermal petroleum with
ages >40 ka (ka = thousands of years) in the lake, and (b) mass transport due to the presence of two elongated gyre circulation
patterns integrated by cyclonic circulation (counterclockwise) in the north portion of the lake and anticyclonic circulation
in the southern part. (2) Consequently, the 14C ages of shallow lake sediments have geologic ages one order of magnitude greater compared to their ages determined by the
210Pb method. (3) A bioturbation mechanism is not necessary to explain the 14C AI in the top 70 cm and from 110 to 150 cm depth of the sediments. (4) According to the biological proxies data for the
last 600 years B.P., the paleoclimate at Lake Chapala has changed from sub-humid to dry environmental conditions, and eutrophication
has increased over the past 100 years due to local input from ongoing agricultural activities. 相似文献
16.
Yarrow Axford Camilla S. Andresen John T. Andrews Simon T. Belt Áslaug Geirsdóttir Guillaume Massé Gifford H. Miller Sædís Ólafsdóttir Lindsay L. Vare 《第四纪科学杂志》2011,26(6):645-656
Geochemical, mineralogical and biological indicators preserved in sediments are widely used to reconstruct past climate change, but proxies differ in the degree to which their utility as climate indicators has been validated via laboratory experiments, modern spatial calibrations, or down‐core comparisons with instrumental climate data. Multi‐proxy studies provide another means of evaluating interpretations of proxies. This paper presents a multi‐proxy assessment comparing 19 sub‐centennially resolved late Holocene proxy records, covering the period 300–1900 AD, from seven Icelandic marine and lacustrine core sites. We employ simple statistical comparisons between proxy reconstructions to evaluate their correlations over time and, ultimately, their utility as proxies for regional climate. Proxies examined include oxygen isotopic composition of benthic and planktonic foraminifera, abundance of the sea‐ice biomarker IP25, allochthonous quartz in marine sediments (a proxy for drift ice around Iceland), marine carbonate abundance, total organic carbon concentration, chironomid assemblages, lacustrine biogenic silica and carbon/nitrogen ratios in lake sediments. Most of the examined proxy records, including temperature and sea‐ice proxies, correlate strongly with each other over multi‐centennial timescales, and thus do appear to record changes in regional climate. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
17.
Rahul Sahajpal Saugata Datta Sidney R. Hemming 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2011,75(24):7855-7863
Regional climate-driven hydrological changes are accompanied by salinity changes in closed basin lakes. We have investigated acid leachable Li, along with other leachable ions including Mg, Ca and Sr, as geochemical proxies of salinity in lake sediments in the Mono Basin, California. All the elements in the acid leachable suite show a strong correlation with paleo-lake level estimates based on physical and stratigraphic evidence. The CaCO3 content of lake sediments, which has been shown to be a reliable proxy for lake level changes in the Mono basin and the adjoining Owens Lake basin, corresponds well with our acid-leachable proxy data. 相似文献